CN107854799B - Multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents
Multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107854799B CN107854799B CN201711287446.7A CN201711287446A CN107854799B CN 107854799 B CN107854799 B CN 107854799B CN 201711287446 A CN201711287446 A CN 201711287446A CN 107854799 B CN107854799 B CN 107854799B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device.A second lead fixing rod transversely moves under the driving of an external power mechanism, and the position of a lead exposed out of a first lead fixing rod can correspond to the position of a lead at the inner side of the second lead fixing rod after the lead end at the inner side moves; the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box is provided with a spray header which is aligned with the first lead fixing rod and exposes out of the lead; a combustion cone aligning to the exposed lead above the first lead fixing rod from bottom to top is arranged in the electrical short-circuit experiment box, an electrostatic igniter is arranged beside the combustion cone, and a flowmeter is arranged on the propane gas cylinder; the inside of the electrical short-circuit experiment box is also provided with a nitrogen gas bottle and an air bottle which are connected through a four-way valve, the other two ends of the four-way valve are respectively connected with an air pump and an air pipe, and the air pipe is communicated with the inside of the electrical short-circuit experiment box; the propane gas cylinder, the flowmeter, the water pump, the nitrogen gas cylinder, the air cylinder, the electrostatic igniter, the external power mechanism and the pressure sensor are all in signal connection with the control center and are uniformly monitored by the control center.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fire short circuit simulation experiment device, in particular to a multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device and method, and belongs to the technical field of electrical fire material evidence identification and safety protection.
Background
The electrical fire is the fire with the highest proportion and the heaviest harm in fire accidents.
The metallographic method is one of the main methods for identifying the material evidence of the electrical fire, and provides an important technical support for judging the reason of the electrical fire, however, as the situation of a fire scene is complex, fire water and the scene high temperature have great influence on the metallographic structure of the material evidence of the electrical fire, the existing metallographic method cannot solve the problem of metallographic transformation of the material evidence of the electrical fire under the complex situation of the fire scene, and thus, the defects exist in the actual identification process of the material evidence of the fire. The existing device for simulating the electrical short circuit experiment is low in automation degree, inconvenient in parameter adjustment and low in experiment precision, so that the problem of metallographic transformation cannot be researched easily by means of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: according to the environmental conditions, the power supply voltage, the electric equipment, the electric circuit and the condition of combustible substances near the fire point when a fire occurs on the fire scene, the multi-scene electric short circuit simulation experiment device and method covering the wire short circuit automatic trigger device, the spraying system, the combustion device and the gas supply system are constructed, the technical support can be provided for the final judgment of the electric fire, particularly the difficult electric fire reason, and meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, strong operability and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device comprises an electrical short circuit experiment box 1, wherein an L-shaped first lead fixing rod A is fixedly arranged in the electrical short circuit experiment box, one end of the L-shaped first lead fixing rod A faces upwards and exposes a lead, and the other end of the L-shaped first lead fixing rod A is horizontal; a second lead fixing rod B capable of horizontally moving in a transverse direction is arranged on the side wall of the electrical short circuit experiment box 1, the second lead fixing rod B transversely moves under the driving of an external power mechanism, and the position of a lead exposed out of the first lead fixing rod A can correspond to the position of a lead at the inner side of the second lead fixing rod B after the lead end moves; the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 10; the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box 1 is provided with a spray header 7 aligned with the first lead fixing rod A and exposing a lead, the spray header 7 is communicated with a water pump 8, and the water pump 8 is communicated with a water tank 8; a combustion cone 3 which is aligned to the upper part of the first lead fixing rod and exposes the lead is arranged in the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1 from bottom to top, an electrostatic igniter 6 is arranged beside the combustion cone 3, the combustion cone 3 is connected with a propane gas cylinder 5 outside the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1, and a flowmeter 4 is arranged on the propane gas cylinder; the electric short-circuit experiment box 1 is also internally provided with a nitrogen bottle 12 and an air bottle 13 which are connected through a four-way valve 11, the other two ends of the four-way valve are respectively connected with an air pump 14 and an air pipe, and the air pipe is communicated with the inside of the electric short-circuit experiment box 1; the propane gas bottle 5, the flowmeter 4, the water pump 8, the nitrogen gas bottle 12, the air bottle 13, the electrostatic igniter 6, the external power mechanism and the pressure sensor 10 are all in signal connection with the control center and are monitored by the control center in a unified mode.
Further, the internal part of the electrical short circuit experiment box 1 is provided with a horizontal support plate, the horizontal support plate divides the electrical short circuit experiment box 1 into an upper layer and a lower layer, the first wire fixing rod A and the second wire fixing rod B are arranged on the upper layer, the combustion cone 3 and the electrostatic igniter 6 are arranged on the upper layer, the water pump 8, the water tank 9, the nitrogen gas bottle 12 and the air bottle 13 are arranged on the lower layer, and the air pump 14 is arranged outside the electrical short circuit experiment box 1.
Furthermore, the second lead fixing rod B has the operation displacement of 0-100mm, and the power supply of an external power mechanism is 12-60V.
Furthermore, the aperture of the spray header 7 is 0.5-10mm, the water supply pressure of the water pump is 0.1-1.0MPa, and the water tank can collect water sprayed by the spray header above to form water recycling.
Further, the voltage of the electrostatic igniter is 1-10kV; the measuring range of the flowmeter is 0-500mL/min.
A method for carrying out simulation experiments by adopting the multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device comprises the following simulation experiments:
experiment one, the control center sends out the instruction in proper order: the electric short circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized by an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs;
experiment two: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short-circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized through an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen in a set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the water pump works to start the spray header 7 to spray water;
experiment three: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized by an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs; the water pump works to start the spray header 7 to spray water;
experiment four: the control center sends out instructions in sequence:
the electric short circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized by an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs;
experiment five: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized by an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the water pump works to start the spray header 7 to spray water; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the environmental conditions, the power supply voltage, the electrical equipment, the electrical circuit and the condition of combustible substances near the fire point when a fire breaks out on the scene, a multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device and a multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment method covering a wire short circuit automatic trigger device, a spraying system, a combustion device and an air supply system are constructed, technical support can be provided for final judgment of electrical fire, particularly difficult electrical fire reasons, and meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, strong operability and the like; vertical contact among the wires can be realized, and the contact reliability of the wires is high; the water tank can recover the water sprayed by the spray header, thereby realizing the recycling of the water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-scenario electrical short circuit simulation experiment device of the invention.
In the figure, 1 is an electrical short circuit experiment box, 2 is a lead fixing rod, 3 is a combustion cone, 4 is a flow meter, 5 is a propane gas bottle, 6 is an electrostatic igniter, 7 is a spray header, 8 is a water pump, 9 is a water tank, 10 is a pressure sensor, 11 is a four-way valve, 12 is a nitrogen gas bottle, 13 is an air bottle, 14 is an air pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, a multi-scenario electrical short circuit simulation experiment device includes an electrical short circuit experiment box 1, in which an L-shaped first lead fixing rod a is fixedly disposed, one end of the L-shaped first lead fixing rod a faces upward and exposes a lead, and the other end is horizontal; the side wall of the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1 is provided with a second lead fixing rod B which can transversely and horizontally move, the second lead fixing rod B transversely moves under the driving of an external power mechanism, and the inner lead end of the second lead fixing rod B can correspond to the exposed lead position of the first lead fixing rod A after moving; the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 10; the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box 1 is provided with a spray header 7 which is aligned with the first lead fixing rod A and exposes out of the lead, the spray header 7 is communicated with a water pump 8, and the water pump 8 is communicated with a water tank 8; a combustion cone 3 which is aligned to the upper part of the first lead fixing rod and exposes the lead is arranged in the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1 from bottom to top, an electrostatic igniter 6 is arranged beside the combustion cone 3, the combustion cone 3 is connected with a propane gas cylinder 5 outside the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1, and a flowmeter 4 is arranged on the propane gas cylinder; a nitrogen gas bottle 12 and an air bottle 13 are also arranged in the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1 and are connected through a four-way valve 11, the other two ends of the four-way valve are respectively connected with an air pump 14 and an air pipe, and the air pipe is communicated with the interior of the electrical short-circuit experiment box 1; the propane gas bottle 5, the flowmeter 4, the water pump 8, the nitrogen gas bottle 12, the air bottle 13, the electrostatic igniter 6, the external power mechanism and the pressure sensor 10 are in signal connection with a control center and are monitored by the control center in a unified mode.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, a horizontal support plate is partially disposed in the electrical short experiment box 1, the horizontal support plate divides the electrical short experiment box 1 into an upper layer and a lower layer, the first and second lead fixing bars a and B, the combustion cone 3 and the electrostatic igniter 6 are disposed in the upper layer, the water pump 8, the water tank 9, the nitrogen gas cylinder 12 and the air cylinder 13 are disposed in the lower layer, and the air pump 14 is disposed outside the electrical short experiment box 1.
In this embodiment, the second wire fixing rod B has an operation displacement of 0-100mm, and the power supply of the external power mechanism is 12-60V.
In the embodiment, the aperture of the spray header 7 is 0.5-10mm, the water supply pressure of the water pump is 0.1-1.0MPa, and the water tank can collect water sprayed by the spray header above to realize water recycling.
In this embodiment, the electrostatic igniter has a voltage of 1 to 10kV; the measuring range of the flowmeter is 0-500mL/min.
The method for carrying out simulation experiment by adopting the multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device comprises the following steps that: the electric short-circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized through an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen in a set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs. This procedure simulates the situation where a short circuit occurs directly.
Example two:
this example only differs from the first example in the experimental procedure: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short-circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized through an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen in a set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the water pump works to start the spray header 7 to spray water. This process simulates the occurrence of a short circuit before a fire.
Example three:
this example only differs from the first example in the experimental procedure: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized by an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs; the water pump works to start the spray head 7 to spray water. This example simulates the occurrence of a short circuit after a fire.
Example four:
this example is different from the first example only in the following experimental steps: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short-circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized through an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen in a set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs. The present embodiment simulates the situation when a short circuit occurs after a fire and the sprinkler system is damaged.
Example five:
this example is different from the first example only in the following experimental steps: the control center sends out instructions in sequence: the electric short circuit experiment box 1 is vacuumized by an air pump 14, a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the readings of a pressure sensor as indexes; the electrostatic igniter 6 is ignited, and the water pump works to start the spray header 7 to spray water; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod B to transversely move until short circuit occurs.
This example simulates the situation of a short circuit occurring in a post-fire environment.
The multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device is provided with a wire short circuit automatic triggering device, a spraying system, a combustion device and an air supply system; the spraying system can simulate the influence of fire water on a fire scene on the short-circuit wire, the combustion device can simulate the influence of the temperature on the fire scene on the short-circuit wire, and the gas supply system can simulate the influence of the ready-made gas atmosphere of the fire on the short-circuit wire, so that the multi-scene fire scene reconstruction of the wire short circuit is realized. The automatic wire short circuit triggering device fixes the wires through two metal rods, one metal rod is fixed, the other metal rod is connected with a power supply, and vertical contact among the wires can be realized. When the spraying system acts, the water tank can recover the water sprayed by the spraying head, so that the water is recycled; the flow meter is connected with a propane gas bottle with a pressure reducing valve, and the flow of propane gas can be adjusted through the flow meter, so that the flame size is controlled; the air suction hole of the short-circuit test box is respectively connected with the air bottle, the nitrogen bottle and the air pump through a four-way valve, and the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in the short-circuit test box can be adjusted through the indication of the pressure sensor. The invention provides a rapid, simple and efficient multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device and method, which can lay important hardware support for an electrical fire material evidence identification technology.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a multi-scene electrical short circuit simulation experiment device which characterized in that:
the electric short circuit test device comprises an electric short circuit test box (1), wherein an L-shaped first lead fixing rod (A) is fixedly arranged in the electric short circuit test box, one end of the L-shaped first lead fixing rod (A) is upward and exposes out of a lead, and the other end of the L-shaped first lead fixing rod (A) is horizontal; the side wall of the electrical short-circuit experiment box (1) is provided with a second lead fixing rod (B) which can transversely and horizontally move, the second lead fixing rod (B) is driven by an external power mechanism to transversely move, and the position of a lead at the inner side of the second lead fixing rod (B) can correspond to the position of a lead exposed from the first lead fixing rod (A) after moving;
the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box (1) is provided with a pressure sensor (10);
the top of the electrical short circuit experiment box (1) is provided with a spray header (7) which is aligned with the first lead fixing rod (A) and exposes out of the lead, the spray header (7) is communicated with a water pump (8), and the water pump (8) is communicated with a water tank (9);
a combustion cone (3) aligning to the exposed wire above the first wire fixing rod from bottom to top is arranged in the electrical short-circuit experiment box (1), an electrostatic igniter (6) is arranged beside the combustion cone (3), the combustion cone (3) is connected with a propane gas cylinder (5) outside the electrical short-circuit experiment box (1), and a flowmeter (4) is arranged on the propane gas cylinder;
a nitrogen gas bottle (12) and an air bottle (13) are also arranged in the electrical short-circuit experiment box (1) and are connected through a four-way valve (11), the other two ends of the four-way valve are respectively connected with an air pump (14) and an air pipe, and the air pipe is communicated with the interior of the electrical short-circuit experiment box (1);
the propane gas bottle (5), the flowmeter (4), the water pump (8), the nitrogen gas bottle (12), the air bottle (13), the electrostatic igniter (6), the external power mechanism and the pressure sensor (10) are in signal connection with the control center and are monitored by the control center in a unified mode;
the electric short circuit experiment box comprises an electric short circuit experiment box body (1), a horizontal supporting plate is arranged in the electric short circuit experiment box body (1), the electric short circuit experiment box body (1) is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer by the horizontal supporting plate, a first lead fixing rod and a second lead fixing rod (A and B), a combustion cone (3) and an electrostatic igniter (6) are arranged on the upper layer, a water pump (8), a water tank (9), a nitrogen gas bottle (12) and an air bottle (13) are arranged on the lower layer, and an air pump (14) is arranged outside the electric short circuit experiment box body (1);
the running displacement of the second lead fixing rod (B) is 0-100mm, and the power supply of an external power mechanism is 12-60V.
2. The multi-scenario electrical short circuit simulation experiment device of claim 1, characterized in that: the aperture of the spray header (7) is 0.5-10mm, the water supply pressure of the water pump is 0.1-1.0MPa, and the water tank can collect water sprayed by the spray header above to form water recycling.
3. The multi-scenario electrical short circuit simulation experiment device of claim 1, characterized in that: the voltage of the electrostatic igniter is 1-10kV; the measuring range of the flowmeter is 0-500mL/min.
4. A method for carrying out simulation experiments by adopting the multi-scenario electrical short circuit simulation experiment device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following simulation experiments:
experiment one, the control center sends out the order in proper order:
the electric short-circuit experiment box (1) is vacuumized by an air pump (14), a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the reading of a pressure sensor as an index;
the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod (B) to transversely move until short circuit occurs;
experiment two: the control center sends out instructions in sequence:
the electric short-circuit experiment box (1) is vacuumized by an air pump (14), a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the reading of a pressure sensor as an index;
the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod (B) to transversely move until short circuit occurs;
the electrostatic igniter (6) ignites, and the water pump works to start the spray header (7) to spray water;
experiment three: the control center sends out instructions in sequence:
the electric short-circuit experiment box (1) is vacuumized by an air pump (14), a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the reading of a pressure sensor as an index;
the electrostatic igniter (6) ignites, and the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod (B) to transversely move until short circuit occurs; the water pump works to start the spray head (7) to spray water;
experiment four: the control center sends out instructions in sequence:
the electric short-circuit experiment box (1) is vacuumized through an air pump (14), a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen in a set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the reading of a pressure sensor as an index;
the electrostatic igniter (6) ignites, and the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod (B) to transversely move until short circuit occurs;
experiment five: the control center sends out instructions in sequence:
the electric short-circuit experiment box (1) is vacuumized by an air pump (14), a four-way valve is switched, and air and nitrogen with set proportion are automatically adjusted by taking the reading of a pressure sensor as an index;
the electrostatic igniter (6) ignites, and the water pump works to start the spray header (7) to spray water; the external power mechanism drives the second lead fixing rod (B) to transversely move until short circuit occurs.
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| CN108853837B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2023-07-07 | 上汽时代动力电池系统有限公司 | Walk-in temperature test device |
| CN114187813B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-31 | 江苏建信网络科技有限公司 | Electrical fire short circuit simulation device |
| CN117554742B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-05-31 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental measurement device and method for triggering forest and grassland fires by wire breakage falling |
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