CN107854539A - 一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物及其制备方法。该中药组合物由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪9‑30份,红花3‑15份,全蝎3‑15份,鸡血藤10‑30份,丹参10‑25份,桂枝9‑15份,川芎3‑20份,赤芍6‑30份,葛根4‑20份,水蛭3‑12份,炮穿山甲3‑12份,乳香3‑15份,何首乌10‑20份,地龙5‑25份,桃仁4‑20份,蜈蚣3‑5份,当归6‑12份。该中药组合物具有行气活血、化瘀通络、益气安神、宣痹通脉、化气行水、活血止痛之效,临床试验证明对气滞血瘀、寒凝痰阻引起的冠心病、心绞痛、心功能不全,以及心血亏虚所引起的心律不齐的治疗效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药制剂领域,具体涉及一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
冠心病是由于冠状动脉粥样硬化使管腔狭窄或阻塞导致心肌缺血、缺氧而引起的心脏病,常表现为心绞痛、心肌梗死、心力衰竭等。心功能不全是各种心脏结构或功能疾病损伤充盈和/或射血能力的结果。心律失常是心律起源和传导等任一项异常,从而引起心律异常。
近年来,冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常等心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率呈不断上升趋势,如何对上述心血管疾病进行有效防治持续受人关注。目前,与心血管疾病相关的药物层出不穷,如治疗冠心病的药物有速效救心丸、活心、消心痛、潘生丁、心律平、酒石酸美托洛尔片、洋地黄、地高辛、丹参、通心络、冠脉宁等,尽管这些药物具有一定的治疗作用,但仍存在治疗时间长、价格高、疗效不显著、长时间服药后耐药、停药后复发以及副作用大等缺点。为了解决冠脉灌流量不足而采取的放支架或者搭桥治疗,不仅治疗成本高,而且存在着支架脱落和激发凝血等重大潜在风险。
综合来看,目前市场上治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的药物存在着治疗效果不显著等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,从而解决现有药物的治疗效果不显著的问题。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供上述中药组合物的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪9-30份,红花3-15份,全蝎3-15份,鸡血藤10-30份,丹参10-25份,桂枝9-15份,川芎3-20份,赤芍6-30份,葛根4-20份,水蛭3-12份,炮穿山甲3-12份,乳香3-15份,何首乌10-20份,地龙5-25份,桃仁4-20份,蜈蚣3-5份,当归6-12份。
本发明提供的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,由黄芪、红花、全蝎、鸡血藤、丹参、桂枝、川芎、赤芍、葛根、水蛭、炮穿山甲、乳香、何首乌、地龙、桃仁、蜈蚣、当归等多种中草药组合使用,具有行气活血、化瘀通络、益气安神、宣痹通脉、化气行水、活血止痛之效,可以起到改善冠状动脉循环、增加心肌正行肌力、抗凝溶栓、控制心率、消肿利尿作用,临床试验证明对气滞血瘀、寒凝痰阻引起的冠心病、心绞痛、心功能不全,以及心血亏虚所引起的心律不齐的治疗效果显著。
优选的,上述中药组合物由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪18-30份,红花5-15份,全蝎5-15份,鸡血藤10-30份,丹参10-25份,桂枝10-15份,川芎10-20份,赤芍10-30份,葛根5-20份,水蛭5-10份,炮穿山甲5-10份,乳香8-10份,何首乌10-20份,地龙5-20份,桃仁5-20份,蜈蚣3-5份,当归6-10份。进一步优选的,上述中药组合物由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪18份,红花5份,全蝎5份,鸡血藤10份,丹参10份,桂枝15份,川芎10份,赤芍10份,葛根5份,水蛭5份,炮穿山甲5份,乳香10份,何首乌10份,地龙5份,桃仁5份,蜈蚣3份,当归6份。
组方中各原料药的功效简述如下:
黄芪:为豆科植物蒙古黄芪的根,含黄酮类成分毛蕊异黄酮、3-羟基-9,10-二甲氧基紫檀烷,还含黄芪皂甙Ⅰ、Ⅴ、Ⅲ。性温,味甘。黄芪补气固表,利尿,生肌,主治气虚乏力、久泻脱肛、自汗、水肿、子官脱垂、慢性肾炎蛋白尿、糖尿病、疮口久不愈合。现代药理学证明黄芪具有强心、降血压、利尿、镇静、抑菌等作用。
红花:菊科植物红花的干燥花,含红花黄色素及红花甙。性辛,温,归心、肝经。红花活血通经,散瘀止痛;主治经闭,痛经,恶露不行,症瘕痞块,跌扑损伤,疮疡肿痛。现代药理学证明红花对循环系统具有调节作用。
全蝎:为钳蝎科动物钳蝎的干燥全虫,含蝎毒,系一种类似蛇毒神经毒的蛋白质,此外,并含三甲胺、甜菜碱、牛磺酸、软脂酸、硬脂酸、胆甾醇、卵磷脂及铵盐等。性咸辛,平,有毒;归肝经。全蝎祛风,止痉,通络,解毒;主治惊风抽摘,癫痫,中风、半身不遂、口眼歪斜,偏头痛,风湿痹痛,破伤风,淋巴结结核,风疹疮肿。现代药理学证明全蝎具有抗惊厥、调节心血管系统等作用。
鸡血藤:为豆科植物密花豆、白花油麻藤、香花岩豆藤或亮叶岩豆藤等的藤茎。香花岩豆藤含鸡血藤醇。性苦甘,温;归肝、肾经。鸡血藤活血、舒筋;主治腰膝酸痛,麻木瘫痪,月经不调。现代药理学证明鸡血藤具有镇静、催眠作用。
丹参:为唇形科植物丹参的根。含丹参酮Ⅰ、ⅡA、ⅡB、异丹参酮Ⅰ、ⅡA、隐丹参酮、异隐丹参酮、甲基丹参酮、羟基丹参酮等。丹参活血祛瘀,安神宁心,排脓,止痛;主治心绞痛,月经不调,痛经,经闭,血崩带下,症瘕,积聚,瘀血腹痛,骨节疼痛,惊悸不眠,恶疮肿毒。性苦,微温;归心、肝经。现代药理学证明丹参具有调节心血管系统、调节微循环等作用。
桂枝:为樟科植物肉桂的嫩枝。桂枝含挥发油,油中主要成分为桂皮醛,还有苯甲酸苄酯,乙酸肉桂酯,β-荜澄茄烯,菖莆烯,香豆精等。性辛甘,温。入膀胱、心、肺经。桂枝发汗解肌,温经通脉;主治风寒表证,肩背肢节酸疼,胸痹痰饮,经闭症瘕。现代药理学证明桂枝具有抗菌、抗病毒、利尿作用。
川穹:为伞形科植物川芎的根茎。性辛,温;入肝、胆经。川芎行气开郁,法风燥湿,活血止痛;主治风冷头痛旋晕,胁痛腹疼,寒痹筋挛,经闭,难产,产后瘀阻块痛,痈疽疮疡。现代药理学证明川芎具有镇静、调节心血管系统、改善冠脉循环等作用。
赤芍:为毛茛科植物芍药(野生种)、草芍药、川赤芍等的根。芍药的根含芍药甙。性酸苦,凉。入肝、脾经。赤芍行瘀,止痛,凉血,消肿;主治瘀滞经闭,疝瘕积聚,腹痛,胁痛,衄血,血痢,肠风下血,目赤,痈肿。现代药理学证明赤芍具有解痉、镇痛、镇静、抗惊厥、抗炎、抗溃疡、抗菌、解热等作用。
葛根:为豆科植物葛的块根。葛根含异黄酮成分葛根素、葛根素木糖甙、大豆黄酮、大豆黄酮甙及β-谷甾醇、花生酸,又含多量淀粉。性甘辛,平;入脾、胃经。葛根升阳解肌,透疹止泻,除烦止温;主治伤寒、温热头痛项强,烦热消渴,泄泻,痢疾,癍疹不透,高血压,心绞痛,耳聋。现代药理学证明葛根具有解痉、降血糖、调节循环系统等作用。
水蛭:为水蛭科动物日本医蛭、宽体金线蛭、茶色蛭等的全体。水蛭主要含蛋白质、水蛭素等。性咸苦,平,有毒;入肝、膀胱经。水蛭破血,逐瘀,通经;主治蓄血,症瘕,积聚,妇女经闭,干血成痨,跌扑损伤,云翳。现代药理学证明水蛭具有抗凝血、抗栓、降低血脂等作用。
炮穿山甲:为鲮鲤科动物鲮鲤的鳞甲。穿山甲的鳞片含硬脂酸,胆甾醇,N-丁基-二十三(碳)酰胺,碳原子数为26-29的两个脂肪族酰胺,又含锌、钠、钛、钙、铅、硅、磷、铁、锰、铬、镁、镍、铜、钡、硼、铝、钼、锡等18种元素。性咸,凉;入肝、胃经。炮穿山甲消肿溃痈,搜风活络,通经下乳;主治痈疽疮种,风寒湿痹,月经停闭,乳汁不通。现代药理学证明炮穿山甲具有降低血液粘度、抗炎等作用。
乳香:为橄榄科植物卡氏乳香树的胶树脂。含树脂,树胶,挥发油;树脂的主要成分为游离α、β-乳香脂酸,结合乳香脂酸,乳香树脂烃,树胶为阿糖酸的钙盐和镁盐,西黄芪胶粘素。性辛苦,温;入心、肝、脾经。乳香调气活血,定痛,追毒;主治气血凝滞、心腹疼痛,痈疮肿毒,跌打损伤,痛经,产后瘀血刺痛。现代药理学证明乳香具有镇痛、消炎防腐等作用。
何首乌:为蓼科植物何首乌的块根。根和根茎含蒽醌类,主要为大黄酚和大黄素,其次为大黄酸、痕量的大黄素甲醚和大黄酚蒽酮等。性苦、甘、涩,温。归肝、心、肾经。何首乌解毒,消痈,润肠通便;主治瘰疠疮痈,风疹瘙痒,肠燥便秘;高血脂。现代药理学证明何首乌具有降血脂、抗菌等作用。
地龙:为巨蚓科动物参环毛蚓或正蚓科动物背暗异唇蚓等的全体。含蚯蚓解热碱,蚯蚓素,蚯蚓毒素,丙氨酸等。性咸,寒;入肝、脾、肺经。现代药理学证明地龙具有降压、解热、镇静、抗惊厥等作用。
桃仁:为蔷薇科植物桃或山桃的种子。桃仁含苦杏仁甙,挥发油,脂肪油;油中主含油酸甘油酯和少量亚油酸甘油酯。另含苦杏仁酶等。性苦甘,平;入心、肝、大肠经。桃仁破血行瘀,润燥滑肠;主治经闭,症瘕,热病蓄血,风痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘。现代药理学证明桃仁具有祛瘀血、抗炎、抗过敏等作用。
蜈蚣:为大蜈蚣科动物少棘巨蜈蚣或其近缘动物的干燥全虫。含二种类似蜂毒的有毒成分,即组胺样物质及溶血性蛋白质;尚含脂肪油、胆甾醇、蚁酸等。性辛,温,有毒;入肝经。蜈蚣祛风,定惊,攻毒,散结;主治中风,惊痫,破伤风,百日咳,瘰疬,结核,症积瘤块,疮疡肿毒,风癣,白秃,痔漏,烫伤。现代药理学证明蜈蚣具有抗肿瘤、止痉、抗真菌、促进免疫功能等作用。
当归:为伞形科植物当归的根。根含挥发油,挥发油的主要成分为亚丁基苯酞、邻羧基苯正戊酮等。性甘辛,温;入心、肝、脾经。当归调经止痛,润燥滑肠;主治月经不调,经闭腹痛,症瘕结聚,崩漏;血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹;肠燥便难,赤痢后重;痈疽疮窃,跌扑损伤。现代药理学证明当归具有调节心血管系统、抑制血小板聚集等作用。
下面进一步对本发明的中药组合物的中医组方思路和所依据的现代科学研究成果进行说明。
冠心病属于心痛范畴,其辩证有寒凝心脉、痰浊痹阻、气滞血瘀、气血虚弱、心肾阳虚等,心功能不全为脾肾阳虚衰的水肿以及肾虚虚喘之证;心律不齐可为气滞血瘀之脉结代。本发明依据以上之证进行论证施治:地龙、全蝎、蜈蚣为散结、通络止痛的血肉之品,与炮穿山甲、水蛭善行走窜之品合用(特别是炮穿山甲专窜瘀阻之所),增强和引领了它们的化瘀通络、逐瘀祛结的功效;同时,在丹参、黄芪、鸡血藤、乳香、红花、赤芍、川芎等原料药发挥活血化瘀、祛瘀止痛、补气养血功效的基础上,增加桃仁助长活血祛瘀的作用,更有桂枝助阳化气,增强了补气养血、行气活血的作用,也助长了地龙、黄芪的行气利水、利水消肿的作用。
通过以上说明可以看出,本发明的中药组合物从中医中药理论上更适合冠心病、心功能不全、心律不齐的辩证,可以更好地治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律不齐引起的不适病痛,最终达到治愈不复发的目的。
从现代科学研究成果分析,导致心功能不全的往往不是一个病因,而是有多种神经体液因子参与的,促使心功能不全持续发展的临床综合征,几乎所有的心血管疾病发展到终末阶段都会导致心功能不全,慢性心功能不全是各种病因所致心脏疾病的终末阶段。心律失常的常见病因以冠心病、心肌病、心肌炎和高血压性心脏病多见。冠心病是由于冠状动脉粥样硬化使管腔狭窄或者阻塞导致心肌缺血、缺氧而引起的心脏病。动脉粥样硬化的发生是在胆固醇和甘油三酯的瞬间诱导下,使白细胞在血管内皮细胞上黏附,并进入动脉内膜,使白细胞、淋巴细胞、负荷脂质的巨噬细胞以及各种炎症因子在动脉内膜局部介导炎症,形成动脉的脂纹和脂斑,这些脂纹和脂斑表面的物理性断裂,开启了血小板的黏附和活化途径,于是在这个局部便形成了动脉的狭窄或者梗塞。
由此可见,动脉粥样硬化的发生有胆固醇和脂质的诱导→局部炎症→组织的物理断裂→血小板的集聚→狭窄和血栓几个环节。针对以上环节,发明人通过大量实验对比和论证,选用何首乌来降低胆固醇和脂质,选用具有抑菌作用的葛根、当归降低炎症的发生,选用有抗凝、抗血小板聚集作用的水蛭、红花、丹参减少血小板聚集和血栓的形成,选用具有扩张冠状动脉、减少动脉硬化形成、改善冠状动脉循环的丹参、桂枝、川芎、桂枝、当归减少冠状动脉粥样硬化的形成、增加冠状动脉血流量。通过对以上多个环节的有机结合,阻止冠状动脉粥样硬化、冠状动脉狭窄和血栓的形成。更有川芎、当归控制心率,降低心肌耗氧量、改善心肌功能,葛根、丹参合用,用来保护缺氧受损的心肌,再加上全蝎、蜈蚣、地龙的镇静止痛作用,缓解心绞痛的症状。通过以上药物的综合作用,从根本上治疗冠心病的发生,去除了冠心病伴发的各种症状,并且治疗了心律不齐和心功能不全。
综合而言,本发明的中药组合物是在传统的中医中药理论和现代的科研成果相结合的情况下组方,各原料药的选择不仅满足冠心病、心功能不全、心律不齐的辩证施治,而且结合现代医学研究成果,从以上心脏疾病的发病环节出发,进行综合防治,从而达到对冠心病、心功能不全、心律不齐的治疗见效快、疗效好,治愈后不复发的目的。
本发明的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物的制备方法所采用的技术方案是:
一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物的制备方法,包括将各原料药按配比混合,粉碎后过筛,即得。
过筛后得到原料药粉末,将原料药粉末制成散剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。按照该方法制成散剂、丸剂或胶囊剂,可最大程度利用各原料药的活性成分。在其他情形下,也可按照药典或中草药煎制标准记载的方法对各原料药进行煎制提取,以利于活性成分的吸收。
本发明的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物的制备方法,各原料药简单易得、成本低,制作工艺简单,适于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的实施方式作进一步说明。
实施例1
本实施例的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪18份,红花5份,全蝎5份,鸡血藤10份,丹参10份,桂枝15份,川芎10份,赤芍10份,葛根5份,水蛭5份,炮穿山甲5份,乳香10份,何首乌10份,地龙5份,桃仁5份,蜈蚣3份,当归6份。
本实施例的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,将各原料药按配比混合,粉碎后过筛,制成散剂即可。
实施例2
本实施例的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪30份,红花15份,全蝎10份,鸡血藤30份,丹参20份,桂枝15份,川芎15份,赤芍20份,葛根15份,水蛭10份,炮穿山甲10份,乳香10份,何首乌20份,地龙15份,桃仁15份,蜈蚣4份,当归10份。
本实施例的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,将各原料药按配比混合,粉碎后过筛,添加辅料按现有技术制成丸剂。
实施例3
本实施例的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪25份,红花10份,全蝎15份,鸡血藤25份,丹参25份,桂枝10份,川芎20份,赤芍30份,葛根20份,水蛭10份,炮穿山甲5份,乳香8份,何首乌20份,地龙20份,桃仁20份,蜈蚣5份,当归8份。
本实施例的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,将各原料药按配比混合,粉碎后过筛,按现有技术制成胶囊剂。
试验例
本试验例对实施例1的中药组合物的临床效果进行验证,实施例2、实施例3的中药组合物的治疗效果相当。实施例1的中药在服用时,一次1.5g(按原料药计),一日三次,三个月为一个疗程。对冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的疗效评价如下所示,具体结果列于表1中。
(1)冠心病
痊愈:用药一个疗程后,心绞痛等症状消失,冠脉造影狭窄在75%以下。
有效:用药一个疗程后,心绞痛等症状明显改善,冠脉造影狭窄较以前有改善,但仍大于75%。
无效:用药一个疗程后,心绞痛等症状无改善,冠脉造影狭窄无变化或者加重。
(2)心功能不全
痊愈:用药一个疗程后,心悸怔忡、气短乏力、呼吸困难等症状消失。
有效:用药一个疗程后,心悸怔忡、气短乏力、呼吸困难等症状明显改善。
无效:用药一个疗程后,心悸怔忡、气短乏力、呼吸困难等症状无改善。
(3)心律失常
痊愈:用药一个疗程后,心慌心悸症状消失,心电图示心律正常。
有效:用药一个疗程后,心慌心悸症状明显改善,心电图示心律明显好转。
无效:用药一个疗程后,心慌心悸症状尚未改善,心电图示和以前没改变。
表1实施例1的中药组合物对冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的疗效评价
病症 | 患者病例 | 治愈数 | 有效数 | 无效数 | 治愈率 | 总有效率 |
冠心病 | 38 | 31 | 6 | 1 | 81.6% | 97.4% |
心功能不全 | 240 | 208 | 29 | 3 | 86.7% | 98.8% |
心律失常 | 157 | 109 | 46 | 2 | 69.4% | 98.7% |
由表1的结果可知,实施例1的中药组合物对冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的总有效率分别达到97.4%、98.8%、98.7%,具有良好的治疗效果。
典型案例如下:
1、霍某,女,54岁,2006年出现心慌、胸闷、气短,以后逐渐加重,诊断为冠心病、心绞痛、心功能不全。2009年2月在河南省人民医院做心脏造影,显示冠状动脉多处狭窄,有两处狭窄达95%以上,准备放支架;服用实施例1的中药10来天后各种不适明显好转,服用一个月以后,诸症消失,服用三个月后再去造影复查,狭窄处已明显好转,最狭窄处已达到75%以下,连服三个疗程,至今无复发。
2、马某,男,72岁,患高血压冠心病10余年,于2011年5月病情加重,稍微下床活动即心慌胸闷胸痛不适,只能坐位于床,低位凹陷性水肿,诊断为高血压、冠心病、心绞痛发作、心功能Ⅳ级,住院治疗;患者痛苦至极,在住院期间服用实施例1的中药,15天症状明显减轻出院,服用一疗程(3个月)后已能活动如常,著症消失。连服三个疗程痊愈,回访5年无复发。
3、璩某,男,56岁,2010年患冠心病,心电图示窦性心律不齐,心慌心悸不适,稍微活动后即心慌心悸加重,并伴胸闷,口服倍他乐克一次50mg,一日三次亦无效,影响正常工作与生活。于2012年5月服用实施例1的中药,十余天后著症有所好转,一月以后心律已回复正常,服用一个疗程后停服倍他乐克无复发,继续服用6个疗程后痊愈,随访三年无复发。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪9-30份,红花3-15份,全蝎3-15份,鸡血藤10-30份,丹参10-25份,桂枝9-15份,川芎3-20份,赤芍6-30份,葛根4-20份,水蛭3-12份,炮穿山甲3-12份,乳香3-15份,何首乌10-20份,地龙5-25份,桃仁4-20份,蜈蚣3-5份,当归6-12份。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪18-30份,红花5-15份,全蝎5-15份,鸡血藤10-30份,丹参10-25份,桂枝10-15份,川芎10-20份,赤芍10-30份,葛根5-20份,水蛭5-10份,炮穿山甲5-10份,乳香8-10份,何首乌10-20份,地龙5-20份,桃仁5-20份,蜈蚣3-5份,当归6-10份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物,其特征在于,由以下重量份的组分组成:黄芪18份,红花5份,全蝎5份,鸡血藤10份,丹参10份,桂枝15份,川芎10份,赤芍10份,葛根5份,水蛭5份,炮穿山甲5份,乳香10份,何首乌10份,地龙5份,桃仁5份,蜈蚣3份,当归6份。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的治疗冠心病、心功能不全、心律失常的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括将各原料药按配比混合,粉碎后过筛,即得。
5.如权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,过筛后得到原料药粉末,将原料药粉末制成散剂、丸剂或胶囊剂。
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CN1290532A (zh) * | 2000-09-26 | 2001-04-11 | 袁曙光 | 治疗中风偏瘫的中药配制方法 |
CN1520862A (zh) * | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-18 | 赵步长 | 一种用于治疗中风和胸痹的中成药 |
WO2013141818A1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-09-26 | Moleac Pte Ltd | Composition comprising herbs |
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CN1290532A (zh) * | 2000-09-26 | 2001-04-11 | 袁曙光 | 治疗中风偏瘫的中药配制方法 |
CN1520862A (zh) * | 2003-01-29 | 2004-08-18 | 赵步长 | 一种用于治疗中风和胸痹的中成药 |
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