CN107851506A - For forming the mould and method and thermal deformation system of permanent magnet by preform - Google Patents
For forming the mould and method and thermal deformation system of permanent magnet by preform Download PDFInfo
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- CN107851506A CN107851506A CN201580080169.5A CN201580080169A CN107851506A CN 107851506 A CN107851506 A CN 107851506A CN 201580080169 A CN201580080169 A CN 201580080169A CN 107851506 A CN107851506 A CN 107851506A
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- mould
- preform
- mold cavity
- permanent magnet
- thermal deformation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of mould (1 for being used to form permanent magnet by preform, 101, 201, 301, 401), the mould includes die ontology (3, 103, 203, 303, 403), formed in the die ontology and there is input port (5, 105, 205, 305, and output port (7 405), 107, 207, 307, 407) at least one mold cavity (5, 105, 205, 305, 405), wherein, at least one mold cavity includes leading to mutual at least two part respectively, two adjacent parts at least two part are angled with respect to each other (α) deviation.The present invention also provides the method for including the thermal deformation system of the mould and permanent magnet being formed by preform using the thermal deformation system.According to the present invention it is possible to suppress granular grows, so as to allow final permanent magnet that there is high coercivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to manufacture permanent magnet, the mould of permanent magnet is more particularly, to formed, for by pre- by preform
Shaping base forms the method for permanent magnet and includes the thermal deformation system of the mould for forming permanent magnet by preform.
Background technology
The permanent magnet of such as rare earth-Fe-B base permanent magnet generally has sufficiently high remanent magnetism, coercivity and corrosion resistance,
And sufficiently high magnetic flux can be provided in such as -40 DEG C to 180 DEG C of wide temperature range.Therefore, such as rare earth/iron/
The permanent magnet of boron based permanent magnet is widely used in the electronic of electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and household electrical appliance etc.
In machine.Due to the copper loss with reduction, high power density, high efficiency and low rotor inertia, there is rare earth/iron/boryl
The motor of permanent magnet has superior performance relative to induction conductivity.
There is method known to two kinds to manufacture rare earth-Fe-B base permanent magnet.One kind is to generally include thin strap continuous casting, hydrogen
Quick-fried broken, airflow milling, molding, sintering and the metallurgy sintered technique of annealing.The permanent magnet manufactured by metallurgy sintered technique is referred to as
Sintered magnet, it is almost theoretical density and has high energy product.Another kind is generally included Magnaglo and organic viscous
Knot agent (by compress, inject, extrude or calendering) be molded together and then about 150 DEG C solidification bonding processes.It is logical
The permanent magnet for crossing bonding process manufacture is referred to as bonded permanent magnet, and it is low-density, normally includes percent by volume having more than 4%
Machine adhesive and there is low magnetic energy product.Bonded permanent magnet provides smaller magnetic flux relative to sintered magnet, but they can
It is molded into the complicated part of shape.
Single shaft thermal deformation technique is to manufacture the method that rare earth-Fe-B base permanent magnet occurs recently.This method first will be thin
The magnetic strap or powder of quenching are cold-pressed into primary preform, and primary preform then is hot pressed into magnetic isotropy magnet
Body, single shaft thermal deformation field finally is carried out to magnetic isotropy magnet body.Under pressure applied driving, magnetic is respectively to same
Particle in property magnet body makes their easy magnetizing axis be alignd with the direction of extrusion during single shaft thermal deformation field.As a result,
The permanent magnet formed is magnetic anisotropy.Similar with bonding process, single shaft thermal deformation technique is also net forming technology, can be with
Magnet is formed directly as annular, dish type, bulk or other net shapes.
Compared with sintered magnet and bonded permanent magnet, the heat distortion magnet microstructure manufactured by single shaft thermal deformation technique is in receive
Rice structure, magnetic behavior in magnetic anisotropy, with high energy product, due to small particle size and with high heat endurance,
And need only to it is a small amount of or even without the heavy rare earth element of such as dysprosium and terbium to obtain high coercivity.Heat distortion magnet
These characteristics for electric vehicle/hybrid electric vehicle motor right and wrong often with attractive.
There are several techniques to perform thermal deformation field, such as upsetting, reverse extrusion, forward extrusion and rolling.These techniques
Carried out in suitable atmosphere (vacuum, inert gas etc.) under high temperature (usual 650-850 DEG C) in the mould specially designed.Liquid
Pressure system is used to mechanical pressure so as to which magnetic strap or powder are expressed in designed chamber or by designed
Track so that magnetic strap or powder become it is fine and close and most at last magnetic strap or powder conversion circularize, dish type, block
Shape or other shapes of compactness magnet.Used magnetic strap or powder can be pure magnetic strap/powder or can be with
It is the mixture of pure magnetic strap/powder and other pure magnetic strap/powder and non magnetic band/powder.
EP0513891B1 describe it is a kind of using to air open wide press contain rare earth come hot extrusion and/or hot-working
The technique of powder.The technique will be squeezed into containing rare earth powder at room temperature first with solid lubricant only on the mould wall
Close body, then using the heating mould being submerged in argon gas in the hot extrusion close body into air unlimited press.
US7730755, which is described, a kind of is squeezed into preform the cross sectional dimensions that plate-shaped permanent magnet causes preform
The technique for reducing in the X direction and increasing in the Y-direction vertical with X-direction.
But in these existing thermal deformation techniques, when close body or preform are pressurized or extruded at high temperature
When, the particle in close body or preform tends to grow, and the coercivity for making final permanent magnet is deteriorated by this.
Therefore, it is necessary to be improved to existing thermal deformation technique.
The content of the invention
The present invention is provided to form the mould and method of permanent magnet by preform, the mould and method can suppress
Grain growth, so as to allow final permanent magnet that there is high coercivity.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of mould for being used to form permanent magnet by preform, including：
Die ontology；
Formed in the die ontology and there is at least one mold cavity of input port and output port；
Wherein, at least one mold cavity includes leading to mutual at least two part respectively, described at least two
Two adjacent parts in being divided to are angled with respect to each other deviation.
Alternatively, two adjacent parts at least two part are constructed such that latter part of cross section face
Cross-sectional area of the product less than front portion.
Alternatively, the angle is between 0 ° and 180 °, preferably between 45 ° and 135 °, more preferably 90 °.
Alternatively, formed with curved transition portion between two adjacent parts at least two part.
Alternatively, at least two part has and is gradually reduced or constant cross section.
Alternatively, the part for the output port for limiting the mold cavity at least two part have rectangle, circle,
Arc or triangular cross section.
Alternatively, at least two part is straight.
Alternatively, the part for the output port for limiting the mold cavity at least two part is bending.
Alternatively, the input port of the mold cavity is limited at least two part extends partially across the mould
Has body so that the mould includes two relative input ports.
Alternatively, the mould also includes additional port, and the additional port, which leads at least two part, to be limited
The part of the input port and follow the portion that the input port is limited at least two part closely with the mold cavity
The section aligned divided.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of thermal deformation system, including it is as described above for by preform
Form the mould of permanent magnet.
Alternatively, the thermal deformation system also includes press, and the press includes removing and being moved to from the mold cavity
Pressure head in the mold cavity.
Alternatively, the thermal deformation system also includes being used for the restriction institute that the preform is fed into the mold cavity
State the feed mechanism in the part of input port.
Alternatively, the thermal deformation system also includes being used for the heater that the preform is heated to predetermined temperature
Structure.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided one kind is formed forever using thermal deformation system as described above by preform
The method of magnet, including step：
At least a portion of preform is fed into described at least two of the mold cavity by the input port
In Part I in part；
Described preform is pressed onto at a predetermined temperature at least two part of the mold cavity
In a part；
The pressure head is withdrawn from from the Part I of the mold cavity；And
Next preform is fed and is pressed onto in the Part I, so as to using the preform as final
Permanent magnet extruded from the output port of the mold cavity.
Alternatively, the step is repeated to be consecutively carried out what is almost shaped only to multiple preforms without interruption
Thermal deformation.
Alternatively, methods described also includes step：
The final permanent magnet is cut into permanent magnet component.
These or the other objects, features and characteristic of the present invention, and the fortune of the combination of the related elements and part of structure
The situation of row method and function and the economy of manufacture in consideration the following description and the appended claims book and referring to the drawings
Under will be apparent, the following description and the appended claims book and accompanying drawing form part for specification, wherein, it is similar
Reference number refer to corresponding part in different figures.It is understood, however, that accompanying drawing is just for the sake of diagram and explanation
Purpose, do not form limitation of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1A is to schematically show the mould for being used to be formed permanent magnet by preform according to a first embodiment of the present invention
The stereogram of tool；
Figure 1B is the longitudinal sectional view along Figure 1A line 1B-1B interceptions；
Fig. 2A and 2B is schematically showed using the mould included according to a first embodiment of the present invention with longitudinal sectional view
Thermal deformation system preform is squeezed into permanent magnet；
Fig. 2 C are schematically showed by the final permanent magnet of Fig. 2A -2B thermal deformation system extruding；
Fig. 3 A are schematically showed including according to a second embodiment of the present invention for by preform with longitudinal sectional view
Base forms the thermal deformation system of the mould of permanent magnet；
Fig. 3 B are the longitudinal sectional views along Fig. 3 A line 3B-3B interceptions；
Fig. 3 C are the longitudinal sectional views along Fig. 3 A line 3C-3C interceptions；
Fig. 3 D are schematically showed by the final permanent magnet of Fig. 3 A-3C thermal deformation system extruding；
Fig. 4 A with longitudinal sectional view schematically show according to a third embodiment of the present invention be used for by preform shape
Into the mould of permanent magnet；
Fig. 4 B are the longitudinal sectional views along Fig. 4 A line 4B-4B interceptions；
Fig. 4 C are the longitudinal sectional views along Fig. 4 A line 4C-4C interceptions；
Fig. 5 A-5C with longitudinal sectional view schematically show using include according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention be used for by
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet by the thermal deformation system that preform forms the mould of permanent magnet；
Fig. 6 A with longitudinal sectional view schematically show according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention be used for by preform shape
Into the mould of permanent magnet；
Fig. 6 B are the longitudinal sectional views along Fig. 6 A line 6B-6B interceptions；
Fig. 6 C are the longitudinal sectional views along Fig. 6 A line 6C-6C interceptions；
Fig. 6 D are the left views of the mould shown in Fig. 6 A；
Fig. 6 E schematically show that big fan-shaped permanent magnet is cut into multiple small fan-shaped permanent magnet components；
Fig. 7 A-7D with longitudinal sectional view schematically show using include according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention be used for by
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet by the thermal deformation system that preform forms the mould of permanent magnet；
Fig. 7 E are schematically showed by the final permanent magnet of Fig. 7 A-7D thermal deformation system extruding；
Fig. 8 A, 8B and 8C are schematically showed using the use included according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention with longitudinal sectional view
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet in the thermal deformation system for the mould that permanent magnet is formed by preform；And
Fig. 8 D are schematically showed by the final permanent magnet of Fig. 8 A-8C thermal deformation system extruding.
Embodiment
As it is known, the continuous processing almost shaped only of the rare earth-Fe-B base permanent magnet for manufacturing thermal deformation is usual
Including two steps：Fine and close preform is prepared by cold pressing and/or hot pressing magnetic strap or powder；And by high temperature
Under to preform carry out thermal deformation field preform is squeezed into permanent magnet.Magnetic strap or powder are by known technique shape
Into.The raw material and the technique of preform is prepared in the art by magnetic strap or powder that preform is formed by it
It is known, therefore omits detailed description thereof.Present invention focuses primarily on how to utilize including for by preform
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet by the thermal deformation system for forming the mould of permanent magnet.
Figure 1A is to show the solid for being used to be formed the mould of permanent magnet by preform according to a first embodiment of the present invention
Figure, and Figure 1B are the longitudinal sectional views along Figure 1A line 1B-1B interceptions.As shown in Figure 1A and 1B, according to the present invention first
The mould 1 for forming permanent magnet by preform of embodiment includes die ontology 3 and formed hollow in die ontology 3
Mold cavity 5.Mold cavity 5 generally includes Part I 5a and leads to Part I 5a and be at an angle of relative to Part I 5a
The Part II 5b that α deviates.Therefore, mold cavity 5 has in the input port 7 of Part I 5a end and in Part II 5b
End output port 9.Although Part II 5b is in 90 ° relative to Part I 5a in Figure 1A and 1B illustrated embodiments
Angle [alpha] deviates, it should be understood that Part II 5b can be relative to Part I 5a into existing between 0 ° and 180 ° and preferably
Angle [alpha] between 45 ° and 135 ° deviates.In addition, although Part I 5a and Part II 5b have rectangular cross section, it should be understood that
, Part I 5a and Part II 5b can have such as circular, semicircle, oval or triangle any appropriate shape
The cross section of shape.In Figure 1A and 1B illustrated embodiments, Part I 5a and Part II 5b are shown with constant
Cross section.It is also feasible that Part I 5a and Part II 5b, which has the cross section being gradually reduced,.It is to be noted, however, that
Under any circumstance, Part II 5b cross-sectional area is less than Part I 5a cross-sectional area.
Fig. 2A and 2B is schematically showed using the mould included according to a first embodiment of the present invention with longitudinal sectional view
Thermal deformation system preform is squeezed into permanent magnet.As shown in Figure 2 A and 2B, thermal deformation system 11 is generallyd include according to this
The mould 1 of invention first embodiment and the press (not showing all) with the pressure head 13 that can be moved up and down.Certainly, thermal change
Shape system 11 also includes being used to a part for preform being fed into the first of mold cavity 5 by the input port 7 of mold cavity 5
Part 5a feed mechanism (not shown).
As shown in Figure 2 A, the preform P1 manufactured by already known processes at least a portion is passed through mould by feed mechanism
The input port 7 of chamber 5 is fed into the Part I 5a of mold cavity 5.Then, the pressure head 13 of press is moved downward to preform
Base P1 is pressed onto in Part I 5a.Moved down with the pressure head 13 of press, preform P1 is further pressed onto Part I
Partly it is expressed in the Part II 5b of mold cavity 5 in 5a or from the Part I 5a of mold cavity 5.In preform P1
After being forced into Part I 5a, the pressure head 13 of press can be released and be moved upward to first from mold cavity 5
Withdrawn from the 5a of part, so that a next preform P2 part is fed into Part I 5a by feed mechanism, such as Fig. 2 B
It is shown.The pressure head 13 of press moves downward to next preform P2 being pressed downward again so that preform P1 by
Fully squeezed out from the output port 9 of mold cavity 5 as final permanent magnet M in next preform P2, such as schemed
Shown in 2C.The feeding-pressurization-is withdrawn from-fed technique and automatically, continuously and repeatedly carried out, so as to it is multiple it is pre- into
Shape base is uninterruptedly consecutively carried out the thermal deformation almost shaped only.It should be noted that as it is known, technique shown in Fig. 2A and 2B exists
Implement suitably in (atmosphere vacuum, inert gas etc.) under high temperature (usual 650 DEG C -850 DEG C).Thermal deformation system 11 can be entered
One step includes being used for the heating arrangements that preform is heated to predetermined temperature.In addition, in order to by preform from mold cavity 5
Part I 5a is smoothly expressed in the Part II 5b of mold cavity 5, is formed between Part I 5a and Part II 5b
Curved transition portion 6.
According to the technique shown in Fig. 2A and 2B, when preform P1 is pressed onto first of mold cavity 5 by the pressure head 13 of press
When dividing in 5a, preform P1 is hot pressed into theoretical density and forms flat plate shaped, magnets by heat change, and then under
One is hot pressed and is in turn expressed in the Part II 5b of mold cavity 5 with the preform P2 of thermal deformation to perform second heat
Deformation.After second of thermal deformation, final permanent magnet M by it is next be hot pressed with the preform P2 of thermal deformation by from
Mold cavity 5 squeezes out.In second of thermal deformation process, the flat tabular of preform P1 holdings (and according to mold cavity 5
Part II 5b geometry can change size), the particle in preform can be thin by stress shearing effect
Change, as a result improve final permanent magnet M coercivity.After this technique, preform becomes particle and is oriented to
It is refined with anisotropic magnetic characteristic (that is, high remanent magnetism) and particle and with improved coercivity (that is, high thermostabilization
Property) flat platelike permanent magnet M.
Fig. 3 A are schematically showed including according to a second embodiment of the present invention for by preform with longitudinal sectional view
Base forms the thermal deformation system of the mould of permanent magnet, and Fig. 3 B are along the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 3 A line 3B-3B interceptions, Yi Jitu
3C is the longitudinal sectional view along Fig. 3 A line 3C-3C interceptions.Including being used for by preform according to a second embodiment of the present invention
The thermal deformation system and the thermal deformation system shown in Fig. 2A and 2B of the mould of base formation permanent magnet are substantially similar.Including according to this
It is same or like with the part in thermal deformation system shown in Fig. 2A and 2B in the thermal deformation system of the mould of invention second embodiment
Part by identical label add " 100 " represent.In order to simplify and for purpose of brevity, omit the description to same or like part.Bag
The thermal deformation system 111 of mould 101 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is included with the thermal deformation system 11 shown in Fig. 2A and 2B not
It is with part：The Part II 105b of mold cavity 105 has arc-shaped cross-section rather than rectangular cross section.Therefore, from mould
The final permanent magnet M that the output port 109 of chamber 105 is extruded out is arc as shown in Figure 3 D.
Although flat tabular (as shown in Figure 2 C) or arc are shown as according to the final permanent magnet M of the present invention
Shape (as shown in Figure 3 D), the shape of the cross section of the part by selecting mould chamber limit output port, final permanent magnet M
It can be in any suitable shape.For example, by the way that the shape of the cross section of the part of mould chamber limit output port is designed into have
There is circular or triangular cross section, the final permanent magnet M according to the present invention can be with circular or triangular cross section
Bar.Multiple shorter or smaller dish type, bulk, sector can be further cut according to the final permanent magnet M of the present invention
Or other shapes of magnet structure, and it is being used directly for motor after polishing.By changing mould chamber limit
The cross sectional dimensions of the part of output port, the size of these small magnet structures can be correspondingly adjusted.
Fig. 4 A with longitudinal sectional view schematically show according to a third embodiment of the present invention be used for by preform shape
Into the mould of permanent magnet, Fig. 4 B are the longitudinal sectional views intercepted along Fig. 4 A line 4B-4B, and Fig. 4 C are the lines along Fig. 4 A
The longitudinal sectional view of 4C-4C interceptions.According to a third embodiment of the present invention be used for by preform is formed permanent magnet mould and
Figure 1A is substantially similar with the mould shown in 1B.In mould according to a third embodiment of the present invention, with mould shown in Figure 1A and 1B
The same or similar part of part by identical label add " 200 " represent.In order to simplify and for purpose of brevity, omit to identical or class
Like the description of part.Mould 201 according to a third embodiment of the present invention is mould with the difference of mould 1 shown in Fig. 2A and 2B
Tool chamber 205 includes four parts, i.e. Part I 205a, Part II 205b, Part III 205c and Part IV 205d.
Similarly, it is each relative to the angled α deviations in adjacent part in four parts of mold cavity 205.Moreover, mold cavity 205
Four parts in latter one part there is the cross-sectional area smaller than an above part.Although in illustrated embodiment
In, mold cavity is shown with two or four part, and mold cavity can have three or the part more than four.Mold cavity
Part it is more, the thermal deformation number that preform is subjected to is more.As a result, final permanent magnet M have in microstructure into
The particle size (the nano-structured particles size such as further refined) of step refining to obtain high coercivity but still is kept
High magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
Fig. 5 A-5C with longitudinal sectional view schematically show using include according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention be used for by
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet by the thermal deformation system that preform forms the mould of permanent magnet.Including according to the present invention the 4th
The thermal deformation system and the thermal deformation system shown in Fig. 2A and 2B of the mould for forming permanent magnet as preform of embodiment
It is substantially similar.In the thermal deformation system including mould according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, with thermal deformation shown in Fig. 2A and 2B
The same or similar part of part in system adds " 300 " to represent by identical label.In order to simplify and for purpose of brevity, omit to phase
Same or like description.Thermal deformation system 311 and Fig. 2A and 2B including mould 301 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
The shown difference of thermal deformation system 11 is：Mould 301 includes forming two mold cavities 305 in die ontology 301.
Each mold cavity 305 includes Part I 305a and the Part II 305b of α deviations is at an angle of relative to Part I 305a.Should
Understand, including the mould of two or more mold cavity is also feasible.Mould including more than one mold cavity can pass through
Thermal deformation technique manufactures more than one magnet simultaneously, so as to improve production efficiency.
Fig. 6 A with longitudinal sectional view schematically show according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention be used for by preform shape
Into the mould of permanent magnet, Fig. 6 B are that Fig. 6 C are the line 6C- along Fig. 6 A along the longitudinal sectional view of Fig. 6 A line 6B-6B interceptions
The longitudinal sectional view of 6C interceptions, and Fig. 6 D are the left views of the mould shown in Fig. 6 A.Use according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
It is substantially similar in the mould and the mould shown in Figure 1A and 1B that permanent magnet is formed as preform.Implement according to the present invention the 5th
In the mould of example, " 400 " are added to represent by identical label with the same or similar part of part of mould shown in Figure 1A and 1B.In order to
Simplify and for purpose of brevity, omit the description to same or like part.Mould 401 and Figure 1A according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention
It is straight to be that the Part II 405b of mold cavity 405 is curved rather than with the difference of mould 1 shown in 1B.Mold cavity
405 Part II 405b can be designed to the cross section being gradually reduced, so as to form fan-shaped permanent magnet.Fan-shaped permanent magnet
Multiple small fan-shaped magnet components (as illustrated in fig. 6e) can be cut into, small fan-shaped magnet component can make after polishing
With.During thermal deformation technique, the particle in microstructure is directed to the direction vertical with the thickness direction of magnet.
In a preferred embodiment, although only upper pressure head be used to preform being pressed onto in mold cavity, use simultaneously
More than one pressure head is also feasible.Fig. 7 A-7D are schematically showed using including according to the present invention with longitudinal sectional view
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet by the thermal deformation system of the mould for forming permanent magnet by preform of sixth embodiment.
Including according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention be used for by preform is formed permanent magnet mould thermal deformation system and Fig. 2A and
Thermal deformation system shown in 2B is substantially similar.In the thermal deformation system including mould according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, with
The same or similar part of part in thermal deformation system shown in Fig. 2A and 2B adds " 500 " to represent by identical label.For simplification
For purpose of brevity, the description to same or like part is omitted.Include the thermal change of mould 501 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention
The difference of thermal deformation system 11 shown in shape system 511 and Fig. 2A and 2B is：The Part I 505a extensions of mold cavity 505
Through die ontology 501 so that Part I 505a limits first input port 507a and the second input port 507b.As a result,
Press includes upper pressure head 513a and lower pressure head 513b.In use, two preform P1 can pass through the of mold cavity 505
One input port 507a and the second input port 507b is fed to the Part I 505a of mold cavity 505.Fig. 7 E are schematically
Show by the final permanent magnet of Fig. 7 A-7D thermal deformation system extruding.In order to by preform from mold cavity 505 first
Part 505a is smoothly expressed in Part II 505b, and upper pressure head 513a and lower pressure head 513b end, which define, is pressing
Respective curved the part 514a, 514b contacted during preform with preform.
Fig. 8 A, 8B and 8C are schematically showed using the use included according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention with longitudinal sectional view
Preform is squeezed into permanent magnet in the thermal deformation system for the mould that permanent magnet is formed by preform.Including according to the present invention
The difference of thermal deformation system 601 shown in thermal deformation system 611 and Fig. 7 A-7D of the mould 601 of 7th embodiment is：Mould
Tool 601 also includes the additional port 608 for leading to the Part I 605a of mold cavity 505 and being alignd with Part II 605b.Knot
Fruit, except upper pressure head 613a and lower pressure head 613b, press also includes additional pressure head 613c.Therefore, additional pressure head 613c has
Help preform being smoothly expressed in Part II 605b from the Part I 605a of mold cavity 605.
When press comprises at least upper pressure head and lower pressure head as shown in Fig. 7 A-7D and 8A-8C, preform can be with
It is pressurized simultaneously along two opposite directions.As a result, the microstructure of final permanent magnet more homogeneity, final permanent magnet
Mechanical property and magnetic properties are also more uniform.
In the above-described embodiments, by the way that the mold cavity of the mould for forming permanent magnet by preform is designed into have
At least two parts deviateed relative to each other, when preform is pressurized through mould, preform is subjected to hot at least twice
Compressive strain, further to reduce particle size.As a result, final permanent magnet has high coercivity.
According to the present invention mould and technique can be used for manufacture in terms of chemical composition rich in rare earth and containing rare earth compared with
Few permanent magnet.Final permanent magnet can be correspondingly the nano structural material or nano composite material of single-phase.
It should be noted that embodiments of the invention are described with reference to different themes.Especially, some embodiment reference methods
Claim is described, and other embodiment comparable device claim is described.But those skilled in the art will be from
Know in the description of above and below, unless indicated to the contrary, any combination of the feature except belonging to a kind of theme, relating to
And any combination between the feature of different themes is recognized as being disclosed by the application.But all features can be by group
Close, as long as cooperative effect is more than the simple superposition of these features.
Although the present invention has been shown in detail and described in description in accompanying drawing and above, this be shown and described is recognized
To be illustrative or exemplary rather than restricted.The invention is not restricted to the disclosed embodiments.By studying accompanying drawing,
The disclosure and dependent claims, other conversion for the disclosed embodiments can when implementing claimed invention quilt
Skilled artisan understands that and implement.
In the claims, word " comprising " does not discharge other elements and step, do not know term "one" not
Discharge multiple.Single processor or other units can realize the function of recording several parts in the claims.Some spies
Sign is documented in the combination for being not meant to that these features can not be used in multiple dependent claims.Reference in claim
Label should not be construed as limiting of its scope.
Claims (17)
1. one kind is used for the mould (1,101,201,301,401) that permanent magnet (M) is formed by preform, including：
Die ontology (3,103,203,303,403)；
Formed in the die ontology (3,103,203,303,403) and with input port (7,107,207,307,
407) and output port (9,109,209,309,409) at least one mold cavity (5,105,205,305,405)；
Wherein, at least one mold cavity includes leading to mutual at least two part respectively, at least two part
Two adjacent parts be angled with respect to each other (α) deviation.
2. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, two at least two part
Adjacent part is constructed such that latter part of cross-sectional area is less than the cross-sectional area of front portion.
3. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the angle (α) 0 ° and 180 ° it
Between, preferably between 45 ° and 135 °, more preferably 90 °.
4. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, two at least two part
Formed with curved transition portion between individual adjacent part.
5. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at least two part has gradual
Diminution or constant cross section.
6. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, limit institute at least two part
Stating the part of the output port of mold cavity has rectangle, circle, arc or triangular cross section.
7. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, at least two part is straight.
8. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, limit institute at least two part
The part for stating the output port of mold cavity is bending.
9. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 1, wherein, limit institute at least two part
That states the input port of mold cavity extends partially across the die ontology so that the mould includes two relative inputs
Mouthful.
10. mould (1,101,201,301,401) as claimed in claim 9, wherein, the mould also includes additional port,
The additional port leads at least two part part for limiting the input port and followed closely with the mold cavity
The section aligned of the part of the input port is limited at least two part.
11. a kind of thermal deformation system, including being used for as described in claim 1-10 is any forms permanent magnet (M) by preform
Mould (1,101,201,301,401).
12. thermal deformation system as claimed in claim 11, in addition to：
Press, the press include the pressure head for removing and being moved in the mold cavity from the mold cavity.
13. thermal deformation system as claimed in claim 12, in addition to：
For the feed mechanism in the part for the restriction input port that the preform is fed into the mold cavity.
14. thermal deformation system as claimed in claim 12, in addition to：
For the preform to be heated to the heating arrangements of predetermined temperature.
15. a kind of method that thermal deformation system using as described in claim 11-14 is any is formed permanent magnet by preform,
Including step：
At least a portion of preform is fed at least two part of the mold cavity by the input port
In Part I in；
Described first preform is pressed onto at a predetermined temperature at least two part of the mold cavity
In point；
The pressure head is withdrawn from from the Part I of the mold cavity；And
Next preform is fed and is pressed onto in the Part I, so as to using the preform as it is final forever
Magnet is extruded from the output port of the mold cavity.
16. method as claimed in claim 15, wherein, the step is repeated to without interruption connect multiple preforms
The thermal deformation almost shaped only is performed continuously.
17. the method as described in claim 15 or 16, in addition to step：
The final permanent magnet is cut into permanent magnet component.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2015/079386 WO2016183824A1 (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Die and method for forming a permanent magnet from a preform and hot deformation system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107851506A true CN107851506A (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| CN107851506B CN107851506B (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580080169.5A Active CN107851506B (en) | 2015-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Mold and method for forming permanent magnets from preforms and thermal deformation system |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6463852B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107851506B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016183824A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113223846A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-06 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing anisotropic neodymium iron boron magnet through one-step heating |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4356407A1 (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2024-04-24 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Near net shape fabrication of anisotropic magnet using hot roll method |
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| JP2002248517A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-09-03 | Komatsu Ltd | Apparatus and method for extrusion forming |
| CN101250619A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2008-08-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing FeCoV series alloy fine crystalline semi-manetic material |
| CN101889098A (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-11-17 | 塔塔钢铁有限公司 | Produce gap-free atom (IF) steel of superfine crystal particle by equal channel angular extruding (ECAE) |
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| JP2000225412A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-15 | Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd | Method for plastically working aluminum alloy and high- strength/high-ductility aluminum alloy worked by the same |
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| AU2003254806A1 (en) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-23 | Santoku Corporation | Process for producing rare earth-iron-boron magnet |
| JP2006192451A (en) * | 2005-01-12 | 2006-07-27 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Die for extrusion |
| JP4957415B2 (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2012-06-20 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Method for manufacturing permanent magnet and permanent magnet |
| CN102623166B (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2013-11-20 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method for high performance as cast condition neodymium iron boron magnet |
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2015
- 2015-05-20 JP JP2017560272A patent/JP6463852B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-20 WO PCT/CN2015/079386 patent/WO2016183824A1/en active Application Filing
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| JP2002248517A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-09-03 | Komatsu Ltd | Apparatus and method for extrusion forming |
| CN101250619A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2008-08-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for preparing FeCoV series alloy fine crystalline semi-manetic material |
| CN101889098A (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-11-17 | 塔塔钢铁有限公司 | Produce gap-free atom (IF) steel of superfine crystal particle by equal channel angular extruding (ECAE) |
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| CN113223846A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-06 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing anisotropic neodymium iron boron magnet through one-step heating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2016183824A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
| JP2018522400A (en) | 2018-08-09 |
| CN107851506B (en) | 2021-01-08 |
| JP6463852B2 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
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