CN107850135A - 用于混合动力驱动系的离合器装置 - Google Patents

用于混合动力驱动系的离合器装置 Download PDF

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CN107850135A
CN107850135A CN201680044492.1A CN201680044492A CN107850135A CN 107850135 A CN107850135 A CN 107850135A CN 201680044492 A CN201680044492 A CN 201680044492A CN 107850135 A CN107850135 A CN 107850135A
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clutch
input
output end
clutch apparatus
input end
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CN107850135B (zh
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埃尔马·洛伦兹
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/08—Serially-arranged clutches interconnecting two shafts only when all the clutches are engaged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/108—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/12—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable fluidic accumulator
    • B60K2006/126—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable fluidic accumulator the hydraulic accumulator starts the engine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F16D2021/0661—Hydraulically actuated multiple lamellae clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D21/00—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches
    • F16D21/02—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways
    • F16D21/06—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric
    • F16D2021/0692—Systems comprising a plurality of actuated clutches for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric with two clutches arranged axially without radial overlap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
    • F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种离合器装置，包括第一和第二输入端以及第一和第二输出端，输入端和输出端绕着共同的旋转轴线能够转动。该离合器装置还包括第一离合器和第二离合器，第一离合器被安置在第一输入端和第一输出端之间，第二离合器被安置在第一输入端和第二输出端之间。第三离合器被安置在第一输入端和第二输出端之间。

Description

用于混合动力驱动系的离合器装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种离合器装置。本发明特别涉及一种用于混合动力驱动系的离合器装置。
背景技术
机动车具有被设计为电机的第一驱动发动机和被设计为内燃机的第二驱动发动机。机动车的驱动装置能够是混合动力装置，即以第一和/或第二驱动发动机的任意组合实现。对此，在机动车的驱动发动机和变速器之间设置离合器装置。
DE 10 2009 059 944 A1涉及一种用于能通过混合动力驱动的机动车的离合器装置。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供用于能够用在混合动力驱动系中的离合器装置的设计的另外的变形方案。本发明通过独立权利要求的主题解决所述技术问题。从属权利要求又给出优选的实施方案。
离合器装置包括第一和第二输入端以及第一和第二输出端，其中，输入端和输出端能够绕着共同的旋转轴线转动。此外，离合器装置包括第一离合器和第二离合器，第一离合器位于第一输入端和第一输出端之间，第二离合器位于第一输入端和第二输出端之间。附加地在第一输入端和第二输入端之间设置第三离合器。
优选地，第一离合器和第二离合器在轴向上相互偏离。在这种情况下，能够设想不同的关于第一离合器和第二离合器的操作方向的彼此间关系的变型方案。
在第一变型方案中，第一离合器和第二离合器的轴向操作方向彼此相对地延伸。
在第二变型方案中，第一离合器和第二离合器的轴向操作方向同向地朝向第三离合器地延伸。
在第三变型方案中，第一离合器和第二离合器的轴向操作方向彼此背离地延伸。
在第四变型方案中，第一离合器和第二离合器的轴向操作方向同向地远离第三离合器地延伸。
优选的是，全部三个离合器都被安置在共同的壳体中，该壳体部分地填充有液体介质。液体介质，尤其是油，用于冷却、清洁和润滑离合器部件。
此外优选的是，设置用于操作离合器的液压式的操作装置。离合器中的至少一个优选被液压式操作。优选通过相同的原理来操作第一离合器和第二离合器，尤其是均被液压式操作。第三离合器也优选被液压式操作。液压式的操作装置的操作流体能够包括液体介质，壳体至少部分地填充有该液体介质。
能够设置第一输入端与电机的转子连接。特别地，转子能够在径向外侧被电机的定子包围。由此能够得到紧凑的驱动单元，离合器装置和电机相互集成在该驱动单元中。
另外，能够设置第二输入端与热力发动机的从动轴连接。
附图说明
现在将通过附图详细阐述本发明，其中示出：
图1是示例性的离合器装置；
图2是根据第一变形方案的由图1的离合器装置的不同的实施方式的示意图；
图3是根据第二变形方案的由图1的离合器装置的不同的实施方式的示意图；
图4是根据第二变形方案的由图1的离合器装置的不同的实施方式的示意图；
图5是根据第二变形方案的由图1的离合器装置的不同的实施方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1示出示例性的离合器装置100。绕旋转轴线105安置第一输入端110、第二输入端115、第一输出端120和第二输出端125。
第一离合器130位于第一输入端110和第一输出端120之间，第二离合器135位于第一输入端110和第二输出端125之间，可选的第三离合器140位于第一输入端110和第二输入端115之间。第一和第二离合器130和135在径向上或优选在轴向上相互偏离并且构成在轴向上的双离合器。第三离合器140优选在轴向上偏离于第一离合器130和第二离合器135中的至少一个。
设置第一输入端110与电机145连接，该电机145通常包括转子150和定子155。电机145优选是内转子式的，其中，转子150位于定子155的径向内侧。在这种情况下，进一步优选地是，定子155具有至少一个电磁线圈并且转子150具有至少一个永磁体。转子150优选位于离合器130，135和140的径向外侧，并且在所示出的实施方式中借助铆钉与第一输入端110连接。优选地，设置第二输入端115与热力发动机，特别是内燃机，进一步优选是往复式活塞发动机连接。
设置输出端120和125与双变速器(未示出)的输入轴连接。通常设置双变速器借助另外的挡位齿轮对将每个输入轴与共同的输出轴连接。如果将驱动系安置在机动车中，输出轴最终能作用在机动车的驱动轮上。为选择挡位，通常将离合器130或135中的一个接合，同时断开对应的另外的离合器130，135。优选地，双变速器在每个传动轴上均有多个挡位齿轮对，每个挡位齿轮对均实现一个挡位。当挡位齿轮对与输出轴120，125连接，而输出轴120，125所对应的离合器130，135刚刚断开时，挡位齿轮对通常能够被接合或分离。
特别设置离合器装置100用在机动车的驱动系中。在这种情况下，机动车能够优选地由混合动力驱动，即通过内燃机或者通过电机145或者两个驱动发动机驱动。如果要使用内燃机，则接合第三离合器140。如果要使用电机145，则通常以能够转换扭矩的方式电气式地控制电机145。两个驱动发动机既能够将正扭矩引入驱动系，也能够将负扭矩引入驱动系。电机145还能够吸收由驱动系产生的动能并且转换为电能，该电能例如能够被暂时储存在能量存储器中。离合器装置100通过其紧凑的结构特别适合于机动车的前置横向布局。
第一离合器130配有第一操作装置160，第二离合器135配有第二操作装置165，并且第三离合器140配有第三操作装置170。优选地，全部三个操作装置160，165和170液压式地工作并且被分别设置向离合器130，135和140中的一个施加轴向的操作力，由此使得离合器130，135或140的摩擦件在轴向上相互挤压，以产生摩擦式连接并且在摩擦件之间传递扭矩。优选地，将摩擦件分别挤压在相对应的操作装置160，165，170和轴向的支承件之间。此外，优选地，液压式的操作装置160，165和170能够被单独(有效)地控制，其方法是例如借助阀或泵将压力介质有针对性地推入对应的的操作装置160，165或170的液压式的工作空间或从该液压式的工作空间排出。备选地，例如还能够设置离心油控制式的操作装置。
优选地将三个离合器130，135和140安置在共同的壳体175中，该壳体175能至少部分地灌有液态的介质180，特别是油。介质180还能够用作操作装置160，165和170的工作介质(液压流体)。离合器130，135和140优选分别是湿式运行的类型并且能够相互独立地被设计为单盘式离合器或多盘式离合器。此外，优选地，第一离合器130和第二离合器135是多盘式的类型，以便能够灵敏地断开和连接通过离合器130，135的扭矩流。如图所示，第三离合器140还能够是单盘式的，其中，能够设计第三离合器140为尽可能不在滑摩状态下工作的换挡离合器。
在所示的实施方式中，在第一离合器130和第二离合器135的轴向之间具有用作支承件的径向的法兰185，离合器130，135能够借助各自的操作装置160，165挤压该支承件。操作装置160，165，170的操作力优选作用在离合器装置100的内部，由此不产生向外作用的合力。
如果将离合器装置100用在没有电机145的驱动系中，还能省略第三离合器。那么第一输入端110和第二离合器115则合并到一起。
图2至5示出了由图1的离合器装置100的不同实施方式的示意图。在这种情况下，具有轴向箭头的划阴影线的矩形代表操作装置160，165或170，其中，箭头指明，为接合相对应的离合器130，135，140而操作操作装置160，165或170时，被施加的轴向力的方向。第三离合器170在所有附图中被相同地示出，但却能以不同的实施方式设置。特别地，操作装置还能相反于所示方向地运行。此外，也能够与所示不同地支撑第三操作装置170，特别是与其它操作装置160，165中的一个支撑方式相结合。
下面为了便于参考，将从离合器130和135中的一个朝向第三离合器140的轴向方向指定为“向左”，并且在远离第三离合器的方向指定为“向右”。在此，是以输出端120和125位于远离第三离合器140的轴向一侧上为基础。换句话说，输出端120，125和第三离合器140关于第一和第二离合器130，135轴向相对地被安置。此外，为了便于理解，未在所有所示的实施方式中标记所有附图标记；通过与其它实施方式的比较能够容易且清楚地理解其含义。
在说明离合器130和135时，在下面的图示中，示例性地将第一离合器130左置，将第二离合器135右置。第一离合器130对应于第一操作装置160并且在第一输出端120上提供扭矩。第二离合器135对应于第二操作装置165并且在第二输出端125上提供扭矩。
图2示出了离合器装置100的实施方式，其中，第一离合器130和第二离合器135的沿轴向的操作方向朝向彼此。
在图2A中，将离合器130和135的扭矩分别沿径向向外传递，并分别向右引至输出端120和125。
在图2B中，将扭矩以相应的方式但沿径向向内传递。
在图2C中，将两个离合器130，135的扭矩沿径向向外传递，再沿轴向向左并且从该处沿径向向内引导，以便到达输出端120，125。
在图2D中，操作装置160，165在法兰185的右侧沿轴向彼此贴靠。第一操作装置160通过沿轴向向左的偏转作用于第一离合器130。
在图2E中，将第一离合器130的扭矩沿径向向外传递，然后沿轴向向左再沿径向向内传递。将第二离合器135的扭矩简单地沿径向向内传递。
在图2F中进行反向的偏转，其中，将第二离合器135的扭矩沿径向向外传递，然后沿轴向向左再沿轴向向内地传递，而将第一离合器130的扭矩简单地沿径向向内地传递。
在图2G中，将第一离合器130的扭矩沿径向向外传递，然后沿轴向向右再沿径向向内传递。将第二离合器135的扭矩简单地沿径向向内传递。
在图2H中，将第二离合器135的扭矩沿径向向外传递，然后沿轴向向右再沿径向向内传递。在径向内侧获取第一离合器130的扭矩。
图3示出了离合器装置100的实施方式，其中，第一离合器130和第二离合器135的操作方向沿轴向朝向第三离合器140地延伸，即在所选的图示中向左延伸。
在图3A中，如在图2A中引导扭矩，但是设置用作第一离合器130的轴向的支承件的另外的法兰305。
图3B至3H的实施方式对应于图2B至2H的实施方式，其中，均将另外的法兰305用作第一离合器130的支承件。
图4示出了离合器装置100的实施方式，其中，第一离合器130和第二离合器135的沿轴向的操作方向160，165背离彼此地延伸。在这种情况下，操作装置160，165优选相互贴靠。在所示的实施方式中，再次使用另外的法兰305，以便构成用于第一离合器130的支承件。
所示的实施方式与图3的实施方式关于通过离合器130，135提供的扭矩的传递成对地对应，其中应当注意，没有设置实施方式4B。
图5示出了离合器装置100的实施方式，其中，第一离合器130和第二离合器135的沿轴向的操作方向相同地远离于第三离合器140地延伸。因此，在所选的图示中，操作装置160和165向右作用。在此使用另外的法兰505，以便用作第二离合器135的轴向支承件。
同样，所示出的实施方式5A至5H在由离合器130，135提供的扭矩的引导方面成对地对应于实施方式3A至3H。
通过以上参考图2至5所描述的部件或特征的不同组合，离合器装置100能够灵活地适应于特定的应用。特别地，在具有和不具有第三离合器140的相应的变形方案中提供离合器装置100能是容易的。因此，能够将离合器装置100尤其用于具有或不具有电机145的小型或中型机动车，也就是说用于混合驱动或传统驱动。在切换变速器时的无牵引力的扭矩传递能够通过被设计为双离合器的离合器装置100与双变速器的连接得到利用。
附图标记列表
100 离合器装置
105 旋转轴线
110 第一输入端
115 第二输入端
120 第一输出端
125 第二输出端
130 第一离合器
135 第二离合器
140 第三离合器
145 电机
150 转子
155 定子
160 第一操作装置
165 第二操作装置
170 第三操作装置
175 壳体
180 液态的介质
185 法兰
305 另外的法兰
505 另外的法兰

Claims (10)

1.一种离合器装置(100)，包括：
-第一输入端(110)和第二输入端(115)；
-第一输出端(120)和第二输出端(125)；
-其中，所述第一输入端和第二输入端(110，115)和所述第一输出端和第二输出端(120，125)能够绕着共同的旋转轴线(105)转动；
-第一离合器(130)被安置在所述第一输入端(110)和所述第一输出端(120)之间；
-第二离合器(135)被安置在所述第一输入端(110)和所述第二输出端(125)之间；并且
-第三离合器(140)被安置在所述第一输入端(110)和所述第二输入端(115)之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)在轴向上相互偏离，并且用于所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)的沿轴向的操作方向彼此相对地延伸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)在轴向上相互偏离，并且用于所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)的沿轴向的操作方向同向地朝向所述第三离合器(140)地延伸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)在轴向上相互偏离，并且用于所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)的沿轴向的操作方向彼此背离地延伸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)在轴向上相互偏离，并且用于所述第一离合器(130)和所述第二离合器(135)的沿轴向的操作方向同向地远离所述第三离合器(140)地延伸。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，全部三个离合器(130，135，140)均被安置在共同的壳体(175)中，所述壳体(175)部分地填充有液体介质(180)。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，设置用于操作所述离合器(130，135，140)的液压式的操作装置(160，165，170)。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，设置所述第一输入端(110)与电机(145)的转子(150)连接。
9.根据权利要求8所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，所述转子(150)在径向外侧被所述电机(145)的定子(155)包围。
10.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的离合器装置(100)，其中，设置所述第二输入端(115)与热力发动机的从动轴连接。
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