CN107843642B - Three-dimensional imaging detection probe for defects of ocean structures through alternating current electromagnetic field - Google Patents
Three-dimensional imaging detection probe for defects of ocean structures through alternating current electromagnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN107843642B CN107843642B CN201610827008.4A CN201610827008A CN107843642B CN 107843642 B CN107843642 B CN 107843642B CN 201610827008 A CN201610827008 A CN 201610827008A CN 107843642 B CN107843642 B CN 107843642B
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional imaging detection probe for a defect alternating current magnetic field of an ocean structure, which comprises a watertight sealing joint and a sealing gasket, and is characterized in that: still include the casing, with casing complex bottom, install U type magnetic core first and U type magnetic core second of the same size in the casing, twine excitation coil first of U type magnetic core first crossbeam, twine excitation coil second of U type magnetic core second crossbeam, install sensor circuit board and the signal processing circuit board of a row of triaxial TMR sensor, U type magnetic core first and U type magnetic core second's crossbeam parallel is placed and is equipped with certain interval between and, and the enameled wire winding direction of excitation coil first and excitation coil second is the same. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the defect detection sensitivity and precision problem are effectively solved by adopting a high-precision three-axis tunnel magneto-resistance magnetic field (TMR) sensor, and a double-U-shaped excitation structure is adopted, so that the excitation uniform current area is effectively increased, and the missing detection and the misjudgment of the defects are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underwater nondestructive testing, in particular to an alternating current electromagnetic field three-dimensional imaging detection probe for defects of an underwater structure.
Background
The ocean structure has wide application in the fields of resource development, ship transportation, port construction and the like, and is an important tool and platform for ocean engineering development. Due to the special environment of the underwater service of the ocean, various types of defects are easily generated on the underwater structure. The alternating current electromagnetic field detection technology is a novel electromagnetic nondestructive detection technology, has the advantages of being insensitive in lift-off, accurate in quantifying defects, free of marking and the like, and is very suitable for detecting defects of underwater structures.
The traditional alternating current electromagnetic field detection probe judges the existence of defects in a characteristic signal or butterfly diagram mode, the visualization degree is low, personnel need to be trained, and the two characteristic signals Bx and Bz can only reflect the depth and length information of the defects and cannot directly reflect the three-dimensional distortion magnetic field and the three-dimensional size (depth, length and width) information of the defects. The traditional alternating current electromagnetic field probe adopts a coil type sensor, has poor zero sensitivity and low precision, has limited identification capability on tiny defects, is limited by a manufacturing process, is difficult to make the precision and the sensitivity of the array sensor consistent, causes uneven background of imaging display and brings misjudgment of the defects. The traditional excitation coil or single U-shaped current-carrying coil has small uniform current area generated on the surface of a structure, an electric field in a non-uniform area can be easily detected by an array sensor, defect misjudgment and interference factors are introduced, and the defect visualization imaging is not facilitated. The traditional alternating current electromagnetic field detection probe only comprises an exciting coil and a sensor inside and does not comprise a processing module of a defect signal, when a signal line of the detection probe and a signal processing device is too long, the weak defect signal is seriously attenuated, and the disturbance of a cable or the probe can cause a great distortion defect signal, so that the detection omission or the misjudgment of the defect can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a three-dimensional imaging detection probe for a defect alternating current magnetic field of an ocean structure, which adopts a high-precision three-axis tunnel magneto-resistance magnetic field (TMR) sensor to effectively solve the problems of sensitivity and precision of defect detection, can draw spatial distortions Bx, By and Bz, realizes real-time display and high-precision imaging of the defect three-dimensional distortion magnetic field, provides reliable data support for defect three-dimensional size (length, width and depth) inversion, adopts a double-U-shaped excitation structure to effectively increase an excitation uniform current area, and encapsulates a signal processing module in the probe to reduce missed detection and erroneous judgment of the defect.
The utility model provides an ocean structure defect alternating current electromagnetic field three-dimensional imaging detection probe, includes that the watertight seals joint, sealed pad, its characterized in that: the sensor comprises a shell, a bottom cover matched with the shell, a U-shaped magnetic core A and a U-shaped magnetic core B which are arranged in the shell and have the same size, an excitation coil A wound on a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core A, an excitation coil B wound on a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core B, a sensor circuit board provided with a row of three-axis TMR sensors and a signal processing circuit board, wherein the beams of the U-shaped magnetic core A and the U-shaped magnetic core B are arranged in parallel and have a certain distance, the legs of the U-shaped magnetic core A and the U-shaped magnetic core B are in surface contact with the upper surface of the bottom cover, the winding directions of enameled wires of the excitation coil A and the excitation coil B are the same, the length direction of the sensor circuit board is vertical to the beam direction of the U-shaped magnetic core A, the width direction of the sensor circuit board is positioned below the center of the beam of, and a magnetic field signal By output By the triaxial TMR sensor in the Y direction is connected with a By signal processing array of the signal processing circuit board, and a magnetic field signal Bz output By the triaxial TMR sensor in the Z direction is connected with a Bz signal processing array of the signal processing circuit board.
Two edges of casing top are equipped with the fillet, the watertight sealing joint is installed in the casing side and is located between U type magnetic core first and the U type magnetic core second, the bottom passes through the nut and installs in the recess of casing, and sealed pad is installed in the cavity that forms between casing seal groove first and bottom seal groove second, the material of casing and bottom is nylon plastics, the sensor circuit board is installed in the elongated slot of bottom, and triaxial TMR sensor closely arranges along sensor circuit board length direction, and triaxial TMR sensor and bottom lower surface are carried and are highly 3mm, and signal processing circuit board utilizes the screw hole of screw installation in the casing top.
The signal processing circuit board is provided with a Bx signal processing array, a By signal processing array and a Bz signal processing array, each group of signal processing array comprises a first-stage differential amplifying circuit, a bias circuit and a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit, the first-stage differential amplifying circuit is connected with the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit through the bias circuit, the bias circuit adjusts the null shift of the three-axis TMR sensor through the resistance of the bias circuit, a filtering module in the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit is four-stage active filtering, the total amplification factor of the Bx signal processing array to Bx defect signals is 50 times, and the total amplification factor of the By signal processing array and the Bz signal processing array to the defect signals By and Bz is 100 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an internal structural view of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the installation position of the double U-shaped magnetic core of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view of the probe housing structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing circuit board structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a signal processing circuit diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an image of a defect signature Bx of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an image of a defect signature By of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an image of a defect signature Bz of the present invention.
In the upper diagram: the sensor comprises a shell (1), a fillet (1.1), a screw hole (1.2), a groove (1.3), a first sealing groove (1.4), a bottom cover (2), a protrusion (2.1), a nut (2.2), an elongated slot (2.3), a second sealing groove (2.4), a watertight sealing joint (3), a sensor circuit board (4), a three-axis TMR sensor (5), a sealing gasket (6), a first U-shaped magnetic core (7), a second U-shaped magnetic core (8), a first excitation coil (9), a second excitation coil (10), a signal processing circuit board (11), a screw (11.1), a Bx signal processing array (11.2), a By signal processing array (11.3), a Bz signal processing array (11.4), a primary differential amplification circuit (11.5), a bias circuit (11.6) and a secondary amplification filter circuit (11.7).
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1 to 7:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in figures 1-6, the sensor comprises a shell (1), a bottom cover (2) matched with the shell (1), a U-shaped magnetic core A (7) and a U-shaped magnetic core B (8) which are installed in the shell (1) and have the same size, an excitation coil A (9) wound on a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core A (7), an excitation coil B (10) wound on a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core B (8), a sensor circuit board (4) provided with a row of three-axis TMR sensors (5) and a signal processing circuit board (11), wherein the beams of the U-shaped magnetic core A (7) and the U-shaped magnetic core B (8) are arranged in parallel with a certain distance, legs of the U-shaped magnetic core A (7) and the U-shaped magnetic core B (8) are in contact with the upper surface of the bottom cover (2), enameled wires of the excitation coil A (9) and the excitation coil B (10) are wound in the same direction, the length direction of the sensor circuit board (4) is perpendicular to the beam direction of And a magnetic field signal Bx output By the three-axis TMR sensor (5) in the X direction is connected with a Bx signal processing array (11.2) of a signal processing circuit board (11) towards the lower part of the center of a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core A (7), a magnetic field signal By output By the three-axis TMR sensor (5) in the Y direction is connected with a By signal processing array (11.3) of the signal processing circuit board (11), and a magnetic field signal Bz output By the three-axis TMR sensor (5) in the Z direction is connected with a Bz signal processing array (11.4) of the signal processing circuit board (11).
As shown in fig. 2-5, two corners above the casing (1) are provided with fillets (1.1), the watertight sealing joint (3) is installed at the side of the casing (1) and located between a U-shaped magnetic core A (7) and a U-shaped magnetic core B (8), the watertight sealing joint (3) has a sealing function, the bottom cover (2) is installed in a groove (1.3) of the casing (1) through a nut (2.2), a sealing gasket (6) is installed in a cavity formed between a sealing groove A (1.4) of the casing (1) and a sealing groove B (2.4) of the bottom cover (2), the bottom cover (2) compresses the sealing gasket (6) to form a bottom waterproof seal, the casing (1) and the bottom cover (2) are made of nylon plastics, the sensor circuit board (4) is installed in an elongated groove (2.3) of the bottom cover (2), and the three-axis TMR sensors (5) are closely arranged along the length direction of the sensor circuit board (4, the three-axis TMR sensor (5) and the lower surface of the bottom cover (2) are lifted to a height of 3mm, and the signal processing circuit board (11) is installed on a screw hole (1.2) above the shell (1) through a screw (11.1).
As shown in fig. 6-7, the signal processing circuit board (11) is provided with a Bx signal processing array (11.2), a By signal processing array (11.3) and a Bz signal processing array (11.4), each group of signal processing array comprises a first-stage differential amplifying circuit (11.5), a bias circuit (11.6) and a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit (11.7), the first-stage differential amplification circuit (11.5) is connected with the second-stage amplification filter circuit (11.7) through a bias circuit (11.6), the bias circuit (11.6) adjusts the zero drift of the three-axis TMR sensor (5) through the resistance thereof, the filtering module in the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit (11.7) is four-order active filtering, the total amplification factor of the Bx signal processing array (11.2) to Bx defect signals is 50 times, and the total amplification factor of the By signal processing array (11.3) and the Bz signal processing array (11.4) to the defect signals By and Bz is 100 times.
Loading the same sine excitation signal to an excitation coil A (9) and an excitation coil B (10) in parallel, wherein alternating magnetic fields generated By the two excitation coils have the same frequency and are all along the same direction at each moment, a uniform electric field with a larger area can be formed on the surface of an underwater metal structure By a sum magnetic field formed By the two magnetic fields, when the electric field meets the defect of the surface of the structure, disturbance occurs, the disturbance electric field causes space magnetic field distortion, when a probe sweeps the defect, an array three-axis TMR sensor (5) arranged on a bottom cover (2) picks up space three-dimensional distortion magnetic fields Bx, By and Bz above the surface of the structure, the distortion magnetic field Bx in the X direction is picked up and processed By a Bx signal processing array (11.2) of a signal processing circuit board (11), firstly amplified By 5 times By a primary differential amplifying circuit, and then zeroed By a bias circuit, so as to ensure that the sensitivity of the TMR, The precision and the bias are the same, so that the defect signals can be uniformly displayed, the signals are amplified by 10 times through a secondary amplification filter circuit and subjected to four-order active filtering, finally, the imaging of the distorted magnetic field Bx array sensor in the X direction of the defect is shown in figure 8, and the depth information D of the Bx reflects the depth information of the defect; the Y-direction distorted magnetic field By is processed By a By signal processing array (11.3) of a signal processing circuit board (11), is firstly amplified By 10 times By a first-stage differential amplifying circuit, then is zeroed By a bias circuit, is finally amplified By 10 times By a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit and is subjected to four-stage active filtering, and finally the Y-direction distorted magnetic field By array sensor with defects is imaged as shown in figure 9, wherein the width-direction size W of the By reflects the width size of the defects; the distorted magnetic field Bz in the Z direction is processed by a Bz signal processing array (11.4) of a signal processing circuit board (11), is firstly amplified by 10 times by a first-stage differential amplifying circuit, then is zeroed by a biasing circuit, and finally is amplified by 10 times by a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit and is subjected to four-stage active filtering, finally the distorted magnetic field Bz array sensor in the Z direction of the defect is imaged as shown in figure 10, the distance L between the peak value and the trough of the Bz reflects the length size of the defect, and the three-dimensional size detection and evaluation of the defect are realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the defect detection sensitivity and precision problem can be effectively solved By adopting a high-precision three-axis tunnel magneto-resistance magnetic field (TMR) sensor, the spatial distortion Bx, By and Bz can be drawn, the real-time display and high-precision imaging of a defect three-dimensional distortion magnetic field are realized, reliable data support is provided for defect three-dimensional size (length, width and depth) inversion, a double-U-shaped excitation structure is adopted, an excitation uniform current area is effectively increased, a signal processing module is packaged in a probe, and the missing detection and misjudgment of the defect are reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various other equivalent modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the basic technical concept of the invention according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field.
Claims (1)
1. A three-dimensional imaging detection probe for defects of ocean structures by using an alternating current electromagnetic field is characterized in that: including watertight sealing joint, sealed pad, its characterized in that: the sensor comprises a shell, a bottom cover matched with the shell, a U-shaped magnetic core A and a U-shaped magnetic core B which are arranged in the shell and have the same size, an excitation coil A wound on a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core A, an excitation coil B wound on a beam of the U-shaped magnetic core B, a sensor circuit board provided with a row of three-axis TMR sensors and a signal processing circuit board, wherein the beams of the U-shaped magnetic core A and the U-shaped magnetic core B are arranged in parallel and have a certain distance, the legs of the U-shaped magnetic core A and the U-shaped magnetic core B are in surface contact with the upper surface of the bottom cover, the winding directions of enameled wires of the excitation coil A and the excitation coil B are the same, the length direction of the sensor circuit board is vertical to the beam direction of the U-shaped magnetic core A, the width direction of the sensor circuit board is positioned below the center of the beam of, a magnetic field signal By output By the triaxial TMR sensor in the Y direction is connected with a By signal processing array of the signal processing circuit board, and a magnetic field signal Bz output By the triaxial TMR sensor in the Z direction is connected with a Bz signal processing array of the signal processing circuit board;
the sensor comprises a shell, a water-tight sealing joint, a bottom cover, a sensor circuit board, three-axis TMR sensors, a three-axis TMR sensor, a signal processing circuit board and a signal processing circuit board, wherein round corners are arranged at two edges above the shell, the water-tight sealing joint is arranged on the side face of the shell and is positioned between a U-shaped magnetic core A and a U-shaped magnetic core B, the bottom cover is arranged in a groove of the shell through a nut, a sealing gasket is arranged in a cavity formed between a shell sealing groove A and a bottom cover sealing groove B, the shell and the bottom cover are made of nylon plastics, the sensor circuit board is arranged in an elongated slot of the bottom;
the signal processing circuit board is provided with a Bx signal processing array, a By signal processing array and a Bz signal processing array, each group of signal processing array comprises a first-stage differential amplifying circuit, a bias circuit and a second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit, the first-stage differential amplifying circuit is connected with the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit through the bias circuit, the bias circuit adjusts the null shift of the three-axis TMR sensor through the resistance of the bias circuit, a filtering module in the second-stage amplifying and filtering circuit is four-stage active filtering, the total amplification factor of the Bx signal processing array to Bx defect signals is 50 times, and the total amplification factor of the By signal processing array and the Bz signal processing array to the defect signals By and Bz is 100 times.
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| CN109001818A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-12-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Tunnel magneto resistance ocean gradient magnetic instrument |
| CN109001819A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-12-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of marine magnetism detection device and detection network for underwater monitoring |
| CN109668956A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-23 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Marine riser weld defect ac magnetic field array detection probe |
| CN110220967B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2022-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Automatic identification method for cluster crack surface profile by ACFM technology |
| CN111189905B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2023-09-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Three-dimensional size assessment method for corrosion defect of underwater structure based on alternating-current electromagnetic field |
| CN112378994A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-19 | 华东理工大学 | Electromagnetic detection probe for deep defects of metal component based on TMR magnetoresistive sensor array |
| CN113466948B (en) | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-03 | 北京科技大学 | Electromagnetic radiation direction-finding positioning system for coal rock destruction |
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