CN107841037A - 高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107841037A
CN107841037A CN201610834237.9A CN201610834237A CN107841037A CN 107841037 A CN107841037 A CN 107841037A CN 201610834237 A CN201610834237 A CN 201610834237A CN 107841037 A CN107841037 A CN 107841037A
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polylactic acid
biological membrane
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郑锦华
王心超
李文龙
陈晓堂
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Henan World Intellectual Property Operation Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土8～10、聚乳酸14～18、氧化石墨烯0.3～0.4、木薯淀粉4～6、阿拉伯胶2～3、聚丙烯40～50、壳聚糖8～12、纳米碳溶胶2～4、木质纤维素3～5、膨润土1～2、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵1～2、硅溶胶0.5～1.5、腐植酸钠0.3～0.5、水15～20。本发明还提供一种上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法。本发明提供的上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料具有重量轻，表面活化面积大，富含碳源，环境温度变化对吸附性能影响小，用其制作的填料具有流动性好、不易结团、吸附性能好、耐腐蚀、持久高效等优点，进一步提升了水质净化效果。

Description

高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于废水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料及制备方法。
背景技术
生物膜废水处理技术是将微生物固定在载体上形成生物膜使废水中的污染物得到降解的技术，因此，生物膜载体的性能将直接影响到污水处理效率，要想获得高效的水处理效果，选择合适高效的载体材料显得尤为重要。
目前，在废水处理技术领域，固定微生物的载体主要分为无机载体和有机载体。常见的无机载体有石英砂、陶粒、焦炭、生物活性炭、膨胀硅铝酸盐等；有机载体有聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙烯等。无机载体由于表面积不大，强度差和外部光滑，微生物固定量少，形成的生物膜容易脱落，固定化效果差，生物的耐冲击能力比较差，不适应于难降解有机废水的处理过程；而有机载体主要以塑料为主，虽然质轻，但是载体与微生物间的相容性较差，且价格昂贵。然而这些材料在生物相容性、稳定性、持久性、再生性、流动性以及生物膜附着性等方面存在一些缺陷，制约着净化效果的进一步提升。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明确有必要提供一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料及制备方法，以解决上述问题。
一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土8～10、聚乳酸14～18、氧化石墨烯0.3～0.4、木薯淀粉4～6、阿拉伯胶2～3、聚丙烯40～50、壳聚糖8～12、聚乙烯醇2～3、纳米碳溶胶2～4、木质纤维素3～5、膨润土1～2、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵1～2、硅溶胶0.5～1.5、腐植酸钠0.3～0.5、水15～20。
本发明还提供一种上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法，包含以下步骤：先将上述原料混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中混料，在150℃～200℃条件下挤出制成复合切片，待切片冷却后投入熔喷非织造设备中熔喷纺丝，所得纤维丝固化后编制成制成直径为1～2mm的复合纤维束，制得所述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料。
与现有技术相比，本发明将传统单纯的无机、有机载体介质混合使用，将两者优点结合，极大的拓宽了材料的使用范围，以聚丙烯、聚乳酸等高分子材料制备的纤维丝与微生物的相容性更好，耐腐蚀老化；上述载体材料中掺混的硅藻土具备均匀高效的吸附能力；加入的氧化石墨烯和纳米碳溶胶不仅改善了材料的力学性能，并提升了吸附降解效果；加入的壳聚糖和聚乙烯醇含有活性基团可以与其他物质发生交联反应，改善的强度及稳定性；加入的膨润土、木质纤维素使得纤维丝有一定的吸水能力，在水中膨胀，扩大表面积；加入的木薯淀粉和硅溶胶使得上述载体材料中含有碳源，可以加速微生物挂膜生长；加入的三甲基十六烷基溴化铵提升载体材料的耐候性、耐腐蚀性等性能。因此，本发明制备得到的聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料重量轻，表面活化面积大，富含碳源，环境温度变化对吸附性能影响小，用其制作的填料具有流动性好、不易结团、吸附性能好、耐腐蚀、持久高效等优点，进一步提升了水质净化效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式，对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本发明实施例提供一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土8、聚乳酸14、氧化石墨烯0.3、木薯淀粉4、阿拉伯胶2、聚丙烯40、壳聚糖8、聚乙烯醇2、纳米碳溶胶2、木质纤维素3、膨润土1、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵1、硅溶胶0.5、腐植酸钠0.3、水15。
本实施例还提供一种上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法，包含以下步骤：先将上述原料混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中混料，在150℃条件下挤出制成复合切片，待切片冷却后投入熔喷非织造设备中熔喷纺丝，所得纤维丝固化后编制成制成直径为1～2mm的复合纤维束，制得所述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，将上述材料该高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的比表面积约为6361m2/m3。
实施例2
本发明实施例提供一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土9、聚乳酸15、氧化石墨烯0.35、木薯淀粉5、阿拉伯胶2.5、聚丙烯44、壳聚糖10、聚乙烯醇2.5、纳米碳溶胶3、木质纤维素3、膨润土1.5、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵1.5、硅溶胶0.8、腐植酸钠0.4、水17。
本实施例还提供一种上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法，包含以下步骤：先将上述原料混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中混料，在170℃条件下挤出制成复合切片，待切片冷却后投入熔喷非织造设备中熔喷纺丝，所得纤维丝固化后编制成制成直径为1～2mm的复合纤维束，制得所述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，该高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的比表面积约为6397m2/m3。
实施例3
本实施例一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土9、聚乳酸17、氧化石墨烯0.35、木薯淀粉5、阿拉伯胶2.5、聚丙烯48、壳聚糖11、聚乙烯醇3、纳米碳溶胶3、木质纤维素4、膨润土2、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵2、硅溶胶1.2、腐植酸钠0.5、水20。
本发明还提供一种上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法，包含以下步骤：先将上述原料混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中混料，在180℃条件下挤出制成复合切片，待切片冷却后投入熔喷非织造设备中熔喷纺丝，所得纤维丝固化后编制成制成直径为1～2mm的复合纤维束，制得所述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，该高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的比表面积约为6434m2/m3。
实施例4
一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土10、聚乳酸18、氧化石墨烯0.4、木薯淀粉6、阿拉伯胶3、聚丙烯50、壳聚糖12、聚乙烯醇3、纳米碳溶胶4、木质纤维素5、膨润土2、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵2、硅溶胶1.5、腐植酸钠0.5、水20。
本发明还提供一种上述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法，包含以下步骤：先将上述原料混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中混料，在200℃条件下挤出制成复合切片，待切片冷却后投入熔喷非织造设备中熔喷纺丝，所得纤维丝固化后编制成制成直径为1～2mm的复合纤维束，制得所述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，该高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的比表面积约为6431m2/m3。
性能测试
将上述实施例1～4中提供的聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料作为生物膜载体置于郑州某污水处理厂中进行水处理，其中，COD容积负荷3 kg/m3·d，氨氮容积负荷0.3 kg/m3·d，总氮容积负荷0.8 kg/m3·d，温度为20℃，溶解氧控制在2～4mg/l，对生物膜的固着时间、10天内膜厚度、固着生物干膜量、COD、氨氮去除率及总氮去除率进行测试，测试结果如下表所示：
组别 生物膜固着时间/h 10天内膜厚度/mm 固着生物干膜量/g/g COD 氨氮去除率 总氮去除率
实施例1 16 6.3 3.79 90.4% 90.5% 87.2%
实施例2 12 7.1 3.84 93.6% 92.1% 88.9%
实施例3 10 7.3 3.97 94.9% 93.6% 90.2%
实施例4 11 6.8 3.85 92.3% 91.7% 88.7%
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (2)

1.一种高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料，其由下列重量份的原料制成：硅藻土8～10、聚乳酸14～18、氧化石墨烯0.3～0.4、木薯淀粉4～6、阿拉伯胶2～3、聚丙烯40～50、壳聚糖8～12、聚乙烯醇2～3、纳米碳溶胶2～4、木质纤维素3～5、膨润土1～2、三甲基十六烷基溴化铵1～2、硅溶胶0.5～1.5、腐植酸钠0.3～0.5、水15～20。
2.一种权利要求1所述的高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料的制备方法，包含以下步骤：先将权利要求1中的原料混合均匀，然后送入双螺杆挤出机中混料，在150℃～200℃条件下挤出制成复合切片，待切片冷却后投入熔喷非织造设备中熔喷纺丝，所得纤维丝固化后编制成制成直径为1～2mm的复合纤维束，制得所述高吸附性聚乳酸复合生物膜载体材料。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN109354180A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-19 北京工业大学 可挂膜厌氧生物菌群的多孔矿物颗粒及其制备方法和应用
CN112340842A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-02-09 神美科技有限公司 一种反硝化固态碳源的制备方法
CN113045880A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-06-29 厦门欣和翔塑胶有限公司 一种新型环保塑料及其制备方法
TWI798154B (zh) * 2022-02-11 2023-04-01 元隆國際科技股份有限公司 纖維素類生物基材料的製備方法及含該材料的高阻隔全生物降解包裝瓶

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109354180A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-19 北京工业大学 可挂膜厌氧生物菌群的多孔矿物颗粒及其制备方法和应用
CN112340842A (zh) * 2020-10-09 2021-02-09 神美科技有限公司 一种反硝化固态碳源的制备方法
CN113045880A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-06-29 厦门欣和翔塑胶有限公司 一种新型环保塑料及其制备方法
TWI798154B (zh) * 2022-02-11 2023-04-01 元隆國際科技股份有限公司 纖維素類生物基材料的製備方法及含該材料的高阻隔全生物降解包裝瓶

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