CN107840668A - 一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107840668A
CN107840668A CN201711032164.2A CN201711032164A CN107840668A CN 107840668 A CN107840668 A CN 107840668A CN 201711032164 A CN201711032164 A CN 201711032164A CN 107840668 A CN107840668 A CN 107840668A
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alundum
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张著权
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Guizhou Happy Culture And Art Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及陶瓷制作技术领域，尤其是一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法，经过对现有CFB用耐火陶瓷材料的原料配方进行调整，采用沸石颗粒、α‑三氧化二铝颗粒、γ‑三氧化二铝颗粒、硅烷、钛酸钾晶须、钛酸酯、沸石颗粒、氧化锡、氯化铵等成分混合处理，使得制备的陶瓷材料的韧性较优，耐磨性能大大提高，使得其中含有AIN成分，极大的改善了热膨胀和冷收缩系数，提高了抗冲击性能。

Description

一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制作技术领域，尤其是一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
循环流化床锅炉，以其燃料适应范围广、脱硫率和燃烧效率较高，负荷调节比大，灰渣利用率高等优点，成为清洁燃烧技术中的重点研究和开发方向，受到了各国的普遍关注。大型循环流化床锅炉在选材上，其需要解决众多技术问题，而耐火材料的耐磨性能的优异，就是其问题之一；在循环流化床锅炉中，其时常伴随着冲刷磨损的问题，使得耐火层每次运行过程中，均要受到来自于燃料、燃料灰等固体床料的磨损。
耐火材料经常随着温度的升降，产生膨胀或收缩，而在此膨胀或收缩过程中，如果受到约束，将会导致内部产生应力，极易造成耐火材料发生开裂、脱落，甚至整体损坏；其主要原因在于：耐火材料是非均质的脆性材料，其热导率和弹性较小，抗拉强度低，抗热应力能力差等缺陷。
目前，对于循环流化床锅炉中采用的耐火材料，大多以浇注料、预制件的结合方式多以水化结合为主，辅以微粉凝聚，在900℃的工作温度下难以烧结，造成其常温下的强度达不到设计要求，且在服役温度下，强度大幅度下降，致使材料性能失效，况且浇注料还需严格的烘烤工艺，费工耗时，引起材料性能下降的不确定的人为因素增加，而经过1400℃以上烧制的耐火砖，虽是陶瓷结合，但韧性不足，即就是综合性能较差。
为此，有研究者针对该缺陷进行了研究，如专利号为201310220699.8的低温合成CFB用复合陶瓷及其制备方法，将莫来石、碳化硅、硅微粉、Al2O3、SiO2、ZrO2、钛酸钾晶须、硅烷、钛酸酯和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵，板状刚玉按一定比例组合，进行改性、搅拌、压模和烧制制得，使得制备的CFB用复合陶瓷韧性、耐磨性大大提高；制备工艺使用低温合成，节能环保。但是其在处理过程中，依然需要在600℃下保温处理24h，其温度较高，保温周期较长，而且对于原料成分以及配比的不合理，导致其得出来的陶瓷产品的性能依然达不到理想状态。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法。
具体是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
陶瓷组合物，原料成分以重量份计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒1-3份；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒5-10份；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒3-7份；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒1-3份；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒2-4份；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.1-0.3份；
氯化铵1-3份；钛酸酯0.03-0.06份；硅烷0.01-0.07份；钛酸钾晶须0.1-0.3份。
优选，所述的原料成分以重量份计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒2份；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒8份；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒5份；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒2份；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒3份；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.2份；
氯化铵2份；钛酸酯0.04份；硅烷0.05份；钛酸钾晶须0.2份。
本发明创造的目的之二是还提供陶瓷的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将α-三氧化二铝颗粒与γ-三氧化二铝颗粒混合，并加入到氯化铵配制成溶液中，搅拌均匀，并加入碳化硅颗粒，拌匀，得混合料A；
(2)将硅烷、钛酸钾晶须、钛酸酯、沸石颗粒混合拌匀，并与温度为60-80℃处理20-30min，得混合料B；
(3)将混合料A与混合料B混合，加入氧化锡颗粒，拌匀，成型，升温至温度为300-400℃，恒温处理1-3h，升温至1300℃，恒温处理4h，控制降温速度为5℃/min降温至常温，即得。
优选，所述的步骤(1)，氯化铵配制成溶液的摩尔浓度为1.2mol/L。
与现有技术相比，本发明创造的技术效果体现在：
经过对现有CFB用耐火陶瓷材料的原料配方进行调整，采用沸石颗粒、α-三氧化二铝颗粒、γ-三氧化二铝颗粒、硅烷、钛酸钾晶须、钛酸酯、沸石颗粒、氧化锡、氯化铵等成分混合处理，使得制备的陶瓷材料的韧性较优，耐磨性能大大提高，使得其中含有AIN成分，极大的改善了热膨胀和冷收缩系数，提高了抗冲击性能。可以将其应用于CFB耐火材料层。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施方式来对本发明的技术方案做进一步的限定，但要求保护的范围不仅局限于所作的描述。
实施例1
一种陶瓷，原料成分以重量计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒1kg；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒5kg；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒3kg；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒1kg；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒2kg；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.1kg；
氯化铵1kg；钛酸酯0.03kg；硅烷0.01kg；钛酸钾晶须0.1kg。
制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将α-三氧化二铝颗粒与γ-三氧化二铝颗粒混合，并加入到氯化铵配制成溶液中，搅拌均匀，并加入碳化硅颗粒，拌匀，得混合料A；
(2)将硅烷、钛酸钾晶须、钛酸酯、沸石颗粒混合拌匀，并与温度为60-80℃处理20-30min，得混合料B；
(3)将混合料A与混合料B混合，加入氧化锡颗粒，拌匀，成型，升温至温度为300-400℃，恒温处理1-3h，升温至1300℃，恒温处理4h，控制降温速度为5℃/min降温至常温，即得。
所述的步骤(1)，氯化铵配制成溶液的摩尔浓度为1.2mol/L。
常温抗压强度为161MPa，常温抗折强度31MPa，常温抗冲击强度12MPa；莫氏硬度9.3，热震稳定性(100℃水冷)90次。
实施例2
一种陶瓷，原料成分以重量计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒3kg；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒10kg；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒7kg；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒3kg；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒4kg；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.3kg；
氯化铵3kg；钛酸酯0.06kg；硅烷0.07kg；钛酸钾晶须0.3kg。
制备方法同实施例1。
常温抗压强度为163MPa，常温抗折强度28MPa，常温抗冲击强度9MPa；莫氏硬度8.8，热震稳定性(100℃水冷)97次。
实施例3
一种陶瓷，原料成分以重量计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒2kg；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒8kg；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒5kg；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒2kg；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒3kg；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.2kg；
氯化铵2kg；钛酸酯0.04kg；硅烷0.05kg；钛酸钾晶须0.2kg。
其他均同实施例1。
常温抗压强度为164MPa，常温抗折强度33MPa，常温抗冲击强度11MPa；莫氏硬度9.6，热震稳定性(100℃水冷)101次。
实施例4
一种陶瓷，原料成分以重量计为：
原料配比按照实施例1进行配制。
陶瓷粉制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将α-三氧化二铝颗粒与γ-三氧化二铝颗粒混合，并加入到氯化铵配制成溶液中，搅拌均匀，并加入碳化硅颗粒，拌匀，得混合料A；
(2)将硅烷、钛酸钾晶须、钛酸酯、沸石颗粒混合拌匀，并与温度为60-80℃处理20-30min，得混合料B；
(3)将混合料A与混合料B混合，加入氧化锡颗粒，拌匀，成型，升温至温度为300-400℃，恒温处理1-3h，升温至1300℃，恒温处理4h，控自然降温至常温，即得。
所述的步骤(1)，氯化铵配制成溶液的摩尔浓度为1.2mol/L。
常温抗压强度为48MPa，常温抗折强度18MPa，常温抗冲击强度6MPa；莫氏硬度9.3，热震稳定性(100℃水冷)98次。
实施例5
一种陶瓷粉，原料成分按照实施例1的配制，并按照实施例1的制备方法进行制备，并且在制备过程中，在步骤(3)中加入氧化锡成分后，拌匀，不经过成型处理，直接升温，并按照步骤(3)的处理方式进行处理，得到陶瓷粉体。
经检测，该陶瓷粉体中含有AIN成分，含量达到了45.13％。根据现有技术的介绍，对于AIN陶瓷材料具有耐高温、抗腐蚀、高热导率、低膨胀系数、耐热冲击等良好的性能；可见，在该陶瓷粉中，含有AIN成分，其能够极大程度的改善制备的陶瓷热膨胀和冷收缩系数，提高耐冲击性能；而且经过对实施例1-3制备的陶瓷进行强度和莫氏硬度的检测，其能够极大程度的改善其抗冲击性能，提高韧性。

Claims (7)

1.一种陶瓷组合物，其特征在于，原料成分以重量份计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒1-3份；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒5-10份；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒3-7份；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒1-3份；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒2-4份；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.1-0.3份；
氯化铵1-3份；钛酸酯0.03-0.06份；硅烷0.01-0.07份；钛酸钾晶须0.1-0.3份。
2.如权利要求1所述的陶瓷组合物，其特征在于，所述的原料成分以重量份计为：
0.1～0.3mm的沸石颗粒2份；
0.002～0.008mm的沸石颗粒8份；
0.08-0.3mm的碳化硅颗粒5份；
0.008-0.04mm的α-三氧化二铝颗粒2份；
0.01-0.03mm的γ-三氧化二铝颗粒3份；
0.01-0.05mm的氧化锡颗粒0.2份；
氯化铵2份；钛酸酯0.04份；硅烷0.05份；钛酸钾晶须0.2份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的陶瓷组合物用于制备成陶瓷。
4.如权利要求3所述的用于制备成陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将α-三氧化二铝颗粒与γ-三氧化二铝颗粒混合，并加入到氯化铵配制成溶液中，搅拌均匀，并加入碳化硅颗粒，拌匀，得混合料A；
(2)将硅烷、钛酸钾晶须、钛酸酯、沸石颗粒混合拌匀，并与温度为60-80℃处理20-30min，得混合料B；
(3)将混合料A与混合料B混合，加入氧化锡颗粒，拌匀，成型，升温至温度为300-400℃，恒温处理1-3h，升温至1300℃，恒温处理4h，控制降温速度为5℃/min降温至常温，即得。
5.如权利要求4所述的用于制备成陶瓷的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(1)，氯化铵配制成溶液的摩尔浓度为1.2mol/L。
6.如权利要求4或5所述的方法制备的陶瓷。
7.如权利要求6所述的陶瓷用于CFB作耐火材料层。
CN201711032164.2A 2017-10-29 2017-10-29 一种陶瓷组合物及其制备方法 Pending CN107840668A (zh)

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