CN107817867A - The tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point - Google Patents
The tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point Download PDFInfo
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- CN107817867A CN107817867A CN201710905762.XA CN201710905762A CN107817867A CN 107817867 A CN107817867 A CN 107817867A CN 201710905762 A CN201710905762 A CN 201710905762A CN 107817867 A CN107817867 A CN 107817867A
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- solar battery
- battery array
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The present invention provides the tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point（MPPT）, including：The start operation of MPPT programs, disturbs to the output voltage of solar battery array power generatrix, reduces the output voltage of solar battery array, observe whether its power output increases, continue voltage disturbance if power output increase；The output current of solar battery array power generatrix is disturbed if power output is reduced, the output current of solar battery array is reduced, observes whether its power output increases, intermittent current disturbs if power output increase, otherwise voltage disturbance is carried out, the peak power point until approaching solar battery array.The tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point provided by the invention, it is that MPPT controls are carried out to solar battery array by being implanted into special MPPT control programs module in aircraft energy slave computer software, the situation of hardware cost can not increased, more appreciably improve the utilization rate of solar cell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tracking control of spacecraft technical field, more particularly to solar battery array peak power output point
Method processed.
Background technology
According to the working characteristics of solar cell, its peak power output point is with the illumination bar such as intensity of illumination, incidence angle
The change of part and change.The control that current domestic Spacecraft Electrical Power System generates electricity to solar cell typically all uses CVT
（Constant pressure）Control mode so that the real work point of solar battery array can not switch to the sun with the change of solar irradiation condition
The peak power output point of cell array is operated, thus can lose 20% or so energy in the early stage.
If the energy resource system of aircraft employs the tracking control technology of solar battery array peak power output point, just can
Enable the real work point of solar battery array to track in time to switch to its peak power output point and be operated, it is optimal so as to reach
Working condition and highest operating efficiency.This can not only make full use of the generating potential of solar battery array, and can also improve
The voltage output quality of aircraft power system.So that aircraft energy resource system has in the case of same design power output
Effect reduces its weight and volume.
With the fast development of space technology, lightness, high power turns into the main direction of development of spacecraft.Due to
Peak power tracking technique can maximally utilise the power output of solar battery array, can improve the power of spatial overlay
Mass ratio.Especially for the larger deep-space detection field of light intensity and temperature change, such as MPPT utilization more advantage, " Luo Sai
Tower "（Rosetta）, " courier "（Messenger）Detector power-supply system etc. all employs MPPT.
The implementation that usual MPPT tracking techniques have pure hardware circuit realization, and software and hardware combining to realize：Pure hardware
Circuit realiration MPPT technology is seldom used, and its successful case and technical papers report are also seldom.And largely all use software and hardware
With reference to mode realize MPPT tracking techniques, and propose many MPPT（Maximum Power Point Tracking）With
Track scheme and control algolithm.
Fig. 1 is the solar battery array power out-put characteristic curve map of General Spatial aircraft power system.Reference picture 1, when
When the output voltage U of solar battery array power generatrix is improved, the output current I of power generatrix will be reduced, but always have one
The maximum point A of individual U and I products, the point is exactly the peak power point of the solar battery array.If power-supply controller of electric can efficiently control
The output voltage or output current of solar battery array power generatrix, make solar battery array in peak power point or from peak power point
Worked in very narrow amplitude, just can be maximally efficiently using the electricity generation efficiency of solar battery array, to improve spacecraft power supply
The power-mass ratio of system.
A solar battery array peak power tracking technique is evaluated, most important two indices are：Tracking accuracy and tracking
Speed.Tracking accuracy refers to：The actual operating point offset peak power points of solar battery array when solar irradiation conditional stability
Amplitude；Tracking velocity refers to：When solar irradiation condition varies widely, solar battery array is switched to peak power point work
The required time.
Therefore, the real work point of aircraft solar battery array how is enable quickly and efficiently to track the output of its peak power
Point, turn into and improve the problem of solar battery array operating efficiency institute is urgently to be resolved.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point, to solve to fly
The problem of real work point of device cell array can efficiently track its peak power point.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：Solar battery array peak power output point is provided
Tracking and controlling method, including：Power-supply controller of electric configures slave computer in aircraft energy resource system（Claim energy slave computer）Special secondary school
The MPPT control program modules of door, the disturbance implemented by " 0.97 rule " to the power output of solar battery array control, main
Control flow is as follows：
The output voltage of solar battery array power generatrix is disturbed first, reduces the output voltage of solar battery array, is observed
Whether the power output of solar battery array increases, and continues to carry out voltage disturbance along former direction if power output increase；If output
Power reduces and then the output current of solar battery array power generatrix is disturbed, and reduces the output current of solar battery array, sees
Whether the power output of shoot the sun cell array increases, and continues to carry out current disturbing along former direction if power output increase, otherwise
Carry out voltage disturbance, the peak power output point until approaching solar battery array.
Further, the tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point, including：S11, MPPT control program
After module operation, the disturbance initial output voltage Us of solar battery array power generatrix, and initial output current Is are sampled respectively, and
Calculate the disturbance initial power Ps of solar battery array；S12, the output voltage of solar battery array power generatrix is stepped up to Uz,
The disturbance of now power generatrix is set to terminate electric current Iz=0.97Is, the disturbance for calculating solar battery array terminates power P z；If S13, Pz
>Ps, using Uz as the initial output voltage disturbed next time, using Pz as the initial power disturbed next time, carried out according to S12
Former direction disturbance, the peak power point until approaching solar battery array；If S14, Pz<Ps, disturbed according to opposite direction:Using Iz as
The initial output current disturbed next time, using Pz as the initial power disturbed next time；S15, step up solar battery array
The output current Iz ' of power generatrix, until disturbance final voltage Uz '=0.97Uz of power generatrix, calculate disturbing for solar battery array
It is dynamic to terminate power P z '；If S16, Pz '>Pz, using Iz ' as the initial output current disturbed next time, using Pz ' as next time
The initial power of disturbance, former direction disturbance, the peak power point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S15；If S17, Pz '
<Pz, using Uz ' as the initial output voltage disturbed next time, using Pz ' as the initial power disturbed next time, enter according to S12
Row opposite direction disturbs, the peak power point until approaching solar battery array.
Further, in the disturbance cycle of each voltage or electric current, voltage or current disturbing variable quantity are descending
Stepped change.Controlled using the disturbance of variable step, MPPT tracking efficiency can be effectively improved.
The tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point provided by the invention, is by running energy resource system
The MPPT control programs module that is specially implanted into slave computer is realized.
MPPT control programs module by the output voltage and output current of timing acquiring solar battery array power generatrix, and
The calculating of MPPT control algolithms, realize the tracking of solar battery array peak power output point.Therefore can not increase hardware into
This situation, more appreciably improve the utilization rate of solar cell.When designing equal-wattage spacecraft energy resource system, only
Special MPPT control program modules are implanted into energy slave computer software, the power that just can additionally increase solar battery array is defeated
Go out, reduce the design area of solar battery array, not only lift the power supply quality of its energy resource system power output voltage, but also subtract
The volume and weight of its few energy resource system.
Further, the MPPT control algolithms that " disturbance observation method " and " 0.97 rule " are combined are proposed first so that
" disturbance " control of output voltage and output current to solar battery array power generatrix can reliablely and stablely restrain；Simultaneously because
Variable Step Algorithm has been used in " disturbance " control so that finds the convergence rate of solar battery array peak power output point more
It hurry up.
Under the conditions of solar irradiation condition is metastable, exported when in solar battery array successful switch to its peak power
After point work, slave computer with " step-length " of minimum with regard to the output voltage or output current of power generatrix " disturb " in turn
Tracked with dynamic, to ensure within one thousandth that MPPT tracking accuracy reaches solar battery array power output.
Brief description of the drawings
Invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the solar battery array power out-put characteristic curve map of General Spatial aircraft power system；
The methods ＆＆ steps of implementation of MPPT control program modules in the energy resource system slave computer that Fig. 2 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention,
And schematic flow sheet；
Fig. 3 forms structural representation by the basic of CH-T4 solar energy unmanned plane energy resource systems that the embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 4 is power-supply controller of electric modular structure schematic diagram in CH-T4 energy resource systems provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the hardware architecture diagram of CH-T4 energy resource systems slave computer provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is slave computer software main program module circulation process schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The tracking control exported below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to solar battery array peak power proposed by the present invention
Method processed is described in further detail.According to following explanation and claims, advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from.Need
Illustrate, accompanying drawing uses using very simplified form and non-accurately ratio, only to conveniently, lucidly auxiliary is said
The purpose of the bright embodiment of the present invention.
The core concept of the present invention is, the tracing control side of solar battery array peak power provided by the invention output
Method, MPPT controls are carried out to solar battery array by being implanted into special MPPT control programs module in slave computer software, can be
Do not increase the situation of hardware cost, more appreciably improve the utilization rate of solar cell.Therefore in the space of design equal-wattage
During aircraft power system, as long as adding MPPT control program modules in the software of energy slave computer, with regard to sun electricity can be increased
Chi Zhen power output, the efficiency of solar battery array is improved, so as to reduce the design area of solar battery array, lift power-supply system
The power supply quality of power output voltage, reduce the volume and weight of energy resource system.
The tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：MPPT is controlled
Program module operation processed；Solar battery array output voltage is disturbed, the output voltage of solar battery array is reduced, it is defeated to observe its
Go out whether power increases, continue to carry out voltage disturbance along former direction if power output increase；To too if power output is reduced
Positive cell array output current is disturbed, and reduces the output current of solar battery array, observes whether its power output increases, if defeated
Go out power increase then to continue to carry out current disturbing along former direction, otherwise carry out voltage disturbance, the peak until approaching solar battery array
It is worth power output point.
Fig. 2 is the implementation step of MPPT control program modules in energy resource system slave computer provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Suddenly, and schematic flow sheet, reference picture 2, the tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point include：
After the operation of S11, MPPT control program module, the disturbance initial output voltage Us of solar battery array power generatrix is sampled respectively
And initial output current Is, and calculate the disturbance initial power Ps of solar battery array；
S12, the output voltage for stepping up solar battery array power generatrix make the disturbance of now power generatrix terminate electric current to Uz
Iz=0.97Is, the disturbance for calculating solar battery array terminate power P z；
If S13, Pz>Ps, using Uz as the initial output voltage disturbed next time, using Pz as the initial power disturbed next time
Rate, former direction disturbance, the peak power operating point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S12；
If S14, Pz<Ps, disturbed according to opposite direction:Using Iz as the initial output current disturbed next time, using Pz as next
The initial power of secondary disturbance；
S15, the output current Iz ' for stepping up solar battery array power generatrix, until the disturbance final voltage Uz ' of power generatrix
=0.97Uz, the disturbance for calculating solar battery array terminate power P z '；
If S16, Pz '>Pz, it is using Iz ' as the initial output current disturbed next time, Pz ' is initial as what is disturbed next time
Power, former direction disturbance, the peak power operating point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S15；
If S17, Pz '<Pz, it is using Uz ' as the initial output voltage disturbed next time, Pz ' is initial as what is disturbed next time
Power, opposite direction disturbance, the peak power operating point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S12.
In order to improve tracking velocity and tracking accuracy to solar battery array peak power point, in each voltage or electric current
Disturb in the cycle, voltage or current disturbing variable quantity are descending stepped changes, i.e., are controlled using the disturbance of variable step, can
Effectively improve MPPT tracking convergence efficiency.When proceeding by voltage or current disturbing cycle every time, slave computer is using larger
" disturbance step-length ", afterwards according to " the disturbance step-length " that next step is estimated to the rate of change of solar battery array power output.One
As for every time disturbance the cycle first " step-length " it is bigger, " step-length " progressively reduces afterwards.When by a series of disturbance
Afterwards, the termination power P z of solar battery array output is equal to the initial power Ps before disturbance；Or reach Ps- Δs P<Pz<Ps+ΔP
Design requirement when（Δ P/Ps is exactly tracking accuracy）, slave computer using minimum step-length with regard to carrying out dynamic disturbances tracing control.
When the output voltage of solar battery array power generatrix is much smaller than specified operating voltage, then disturbed using maximum " step-length "
It is dynamic, to reach the requirement that can quickly approach solar battery array peak power output point.
Realize that solar battery array peak power exports by being implanted into MPPT control program modules in energy resource system slave computer
The tracking and controlling method of point is in rainbow（CH-T4）Practice has been obtained in the type design of unmanned plane energy resource system, has been passed through
MPPT software models are implanted into CH-T4 energy slave computers, are successfully realized to its power-supply system solar battery array
MPPT is controlled, and by strictly testing, has reached design requirement.
CH-T4 energy resource systems are generated electricity by the solar battery array of super high power to drive the propulsion electric machine of unmanned plane and other
Load；Unnecessary electric energy is subjected to charge storage to battery simultaneously, in case the shade phase uses.
Because solar battery array power output is all limited, at utmost to utilize the generating capacity of solar battery array,
CH-T4 power transfer relation employs the tracking of tandem type peak power（MPPT）Control mode.When battery tension is not up to
During setting value, the peak power point of power-supply controller of electric tracking solar battery array charges for load supplying and to battery；When
When battery tension reaches setting value, it is transferred to battery constant-voltage charge.Each power-supply controller of electric rated power is designed as
2.5kW, 8 common 20kW of controller meet 17.7kW power demands.Battery tension is 84-117.6V.Solar battery array is in work
It is 75V, open-circuit voltage 93V to make peak power point voltage design during temperature 50 C.Power-supply controller of electric selection He-Boost boostings
Topology.With the rise of solar battery array voltage or the reduction of accumulator battery voltage, He-Boost topology dutycycles are gradually reduced,
When sun battle array voltage is more than accumulator battery voltage, He-Boost topology dutycycles are zero.
Fig. 3 is the basic composition structural representation of CH-T4 solar energy unmanned plane energy resource system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference picture 3, its energy resource system mainly include：Main wing solar battery array, energy-storage battery group and power-supply controller of electric.Main wing sun electricity
Chi Zhen is divided into 8 submatrixs using efficient solar battery power supply battle array.8 submatrixs are respectively corresponding motor.Its energy
System uses the layout of distributed power controller, also divides 8 energy supply control modules.Each power-supply controller of electric is configured under the energy
Position machine, to complete the remote measurement to this controller module, remote control and MPPT tracing controls, slave computer is total using RS485 interface communications
Line communicates with winged control machine.
Fig. 4 is power-supply controller of electric modular structure in CH-T4 solar energy unmanned plane energy resource system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram.Reference picture 4, power-supply controller of electric are configured with energy slave computer.Power-supply controller of electric is adjusted by the system of itself
Energy-conservation power makes solar battery array be worked in peak power output point；In addition power-supply controller of electric can also to itself working condition and
Bus working condition is monitored, and the telemetry of collection is sent into winged control machine by communication bus.
Fig. 5 is the hardware architecture diagram of energy slave computer in power-supply controller of electric provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Reference picture
5, energy slave computer mainly completes following functions：A) 31 road analog input paths are provided；B) providing 20 tunnels has 200mA drivings
The OC driving indirect instruction passages of ability；C) output of 8 way switch amounts is provided（Transistor-Transistor Logic level）Passage；D) A/ of 16bit precision is used
D converters take remote measurement collection to 31 tunnel analog quantitys；E) 2 road RS-485 interface bus communications of Hot Spare each other are provided；F) it is complete
Into MPPT tracing control functions.
Fig. 6 is energy slave computer main program module circulation process schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.Reference picture 6, energy
After initialization is completed in source slave computer start, main program module is put into.Main program module is circular flow, and slave computer is not having
When in the monitoring state when receiving indirect command, all analog quantitys are sampled once every 0.8 second, and completes once
The computing of MPPT algorithm and " disturbance " control.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and deformation without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point, it is characterised in that including：By the MPPT control program modules in energy slave computer, the output voltage of solar battery array power generatrix is carried out first Disturbance, reduces the output voltage of solar battery array, and whether observe the power output of solar battery array increases, if power output increases Then continue to carry out voltage disturbance along former direction；The output current of solar battery array power generatrix is disturbed if power output is reduced, reduces the defeated of solar battery array Go out electric current, whether increase, continue to carry out electric current along former direction if power output increase if observing the power output of solar battery array Disturbance, otherwise carries out voltage disturbance, the peak power output point until approaching solar battery array.
- 2. the tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that bag Include：After the operation of S11, MPPT control program module, the disturbance initial output voltage Us of solar battery array power generatrix is sampled respectively And initial output current Is, and calculate the disturbance initial power Ps of solar battery array；S12, the output voltage for stepping up solar battery array power generatrix make the disturbance of now power generatrix terminate electric current to Uz Iz=0.97Is, the disturbance for calculating solar battery array terminate power P z；If S13, Pz>Ps, using Uz as the initial output voltage disturbed next time, using Pz as the initial power disturbed next time Rate, former direction disturbance, the peak power operating point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S12；If S14, Pz<Ps, then disturbed according to opposite direction:Using Iz as the initial output current disturbed next time, Pz is used as down The initial power once disturbed；S15, the disturbance termination electricity for outputing current to Iz ', making now power generatrix for stepping up solar battery array power generatrix Uz '=0.97Uz is pressed, the disturbance for calculating solar battery array terminates power P z '；If S16, Pz '>Pz, it is using Iz ' as the initial output current disturbed next time, Pz ' is initial as what is disturbed next time Power, former direction disturbance, the peak power operating point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S15；If S17, Pz '<Pz, it is using Uz ' as the initial output voltage disturbed next time, Pz ' is initial as what is disturbed next time Power, opposite direction disturbance, the peak power operating point until approaching solar battery array are carried out according to S12.
- 3. the tracking and controlling method of solar battery array peak power output point as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Every In the disturbance cycle of individual voltage or electric current, voltage or current disturbing variable quantity are descending stepped changes, i.e. variable step MPPT disturbance controls.
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| CN201710905762.XA CN107817867B (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | Tracking control method for peak power output point of solar cell array |
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| CN201710905762.XA CN107817867B (en) | 2017-09-29 | 2017-09-29 | Tracking control method for peak power output point of solar cell array |
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| CN109491444A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-19 | 上海空间电源研究所 | The peak power point-tracking method of long endurance solar energy unmanned plane energy resource system |
| CN110262327A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-20 | 上海空间电源研究所 | A kind of power-supply system independently switches the control circuit and control method of MPPT mode |
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| CN107817867B (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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