CN102437587A - Island detection method of high-power photovoltaic grid-connected converter - Google Patents
Island detection method of high-power photovoltaic grid-connected converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an island detection method of a high-power photovoltaic grid-connected converter. The method comprises the following steps of: determining whether a system operates at a grid-connected power generation state, and starting up an island detection algorithm instantly if the system is at the grid-connected power generation state; detecting whether the frequency of the voltage of a port power grid is within the normal range in real time, if the frequency is not within the normal range, considering that the system is at the island state, and carrying out automatic safety stop on the system; adding reactive current Iqdisturb with the duration of td periodically within the normal range; and superposing the reactive current Iqdisturb and reactive control Icqset of the converter, thus an axis q component reference Icqref of grid-connected current of the converter is formed finally. The contradiction between two aspects of reliability of detection and the quality after grid-connected electric energy reduction for the traditional island detection algorithm is effectively solved by the method provided by the invention, and the implementation method is simple and effective.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of island detection method, particularly a kind of island detection method of high-power photovoltaic synchronization current transformer belongs to photovoltaic generating system control technology application.
Background technology
Solar energy distributes extensively, is easy to people utilize, and in numerous new forms of energy, solar energy forms the focus of paying attention to into people with its exclusive advantage.The development and utilization of solar energy will help the mankind progressively to break away from the dependence to traditional energy, go on the road of sustainable development, have the important strategic meaning.
Along with grid-connected photovoltaic system capacity and the quantity of utilizing solar energy constantly increase, also day more highlights the isolated island problem of generation.The electric power isolated island possibly bring following harm: on the one hand, because power network switch breaks off, the electrical network maintenance personal thinks that circuit is safe by mistake, thereby will produce bigger threat to its life safety; Simultaneously, can influence the operation program of protection switch on the distribution system, impact the electric network protection device; On the other hand, the supply power voltage in electric power isolated island zone and frequency also can cause system's threephase load to owe to supply power mutually for single-phase distributed generation system instability, possibly cause the undesired even damage of power consumption equipment; In addition, when mains supply recovered, line voltage and photovoltaic generating system port voltage unavoidably existed difference in magnitude or phase difference, will cause the bigger impulse current that is incorporated into the power networks.
The method that is used to detect the isolated island problem is divided into passive detection method and active detecting method; Wherein the principle of passive island detection is the port voltage that is incorporated into the power networks through real-time detecting system, the relevant parameter of grid-connected current; Like amplitude, frequency, harmonic wave, negative phase-sequence etc., judge its whether overrun whether be in the foundation of islet operation state as photovoltaic system; Initiatively island detection method is through in system, adding certain interference, like meritorious/reactive current disturbance, frequency disturbance, negative phase-sequence and harmonic disturbance etc.When electrical network just often; This disturbance is to almost not influence of port voltage, and under island state, and this disturbance will cause the port voltage amplitude, frequency, harmonic wave, negative phase-sequence of system etc. to change; Until overrun, represent that promptly island state is detected effectively.But above-mentioned various detection method is both advantageous and disadvantageous, need take several kinds of diverse ways to carry out comprehensively complementing each other usually.Comprehensive, the island detection of high-power photovoltaic synchronization electricity generation system need satisfy following requirement:
(1) when electrical network tripped because of a variety of causes, system should be able to quickly and reliably detect isolated island.On the one hand, the leading indicator of rapidity be exactly at power network switch tripping 2s with interior (with reference to " special inverter specification requirement of the following low-pressure grid-connection photovoltaic generation of 400V and test method "), island state will successfully be detected; On the other hand, reliability mainly refers to is exactly no matter local load is pure resistive, idle or be harmonic load etc., and algorithm all should be able to correctly detect isolated island.
(2) when electrical network normally moves; The disturbance that active island detection algorithm is injected reduces the also influence of network electric energy quality as much as possible; Especially when port voltage received the variation of amplitude, frequency or phase place that the problem of switching, the circuit electric energy transmitting of local load causes, the island detection algorithm can not be judged as island state with its mistake.
(3) detection algorithm can not cause the significant change of active power, in order to avoid the adjustment of power tracking algorithm (MPPT) direction of search that has the greatest impact.
Therefore, how to guarantee simultaneously the reliability of island detection and reduce as much as possible to and the influence of network electric energy quality be island detection method emphasis of design and difficult point.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention just provide in the deficiency that overcomes above-mentioned prior art a kind of simply, reliably, island detection method fast; This method is applied in the high-power photovoltaic synchronization current transformer; When can guarantee that island state is detected quickly and accurately, reduce as much as possible the also influence of network electric energy quality.
Realize that the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopts is a kind of island detection method of high-power photovoltaic synchronization current transformer, may further comprise the steps:
Step (1), in grid-connected 3-phase power converter, real-time lock mains frequency f and positive sequence phase angle theta;
Step (2) judges whether system works in the state of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, if system is in the state of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, promptly starts the island detection algorithm immediately;
Step (3), between the island detection algorithm starting period, in real time whether the frequency of detection port line voltage is within normal scope, promptly greater than minimum tolerance frequency f
MinAnd less than maximum tolerance frequency f
Max
Step (4), if line voltage frequency overrun thinks that then system is in island state, system protection is shut down;
Step (5), if the port voltage frequency is in the normal range (NR), then periodically adding the duration is t
dThe reactive current disturbance, the frequency of the size of this disturbance quantity port voltage during according to a last disturbance end cycle and the deviation delta f of specified mains frequency decide:
A) if this deviation within certain scope, promptly greater than minimum tolerance frequency deviation delta f
MinAnd less than maximum tolerance frequency deviation delta f
Max, the reactive current disturbance quantity of then injecting is initial value-I
Qp0
B) if frequency departure surpasses above-mentioned scope, then introduce positive feedback, promptly the computing formula of the reactive current disturbance quantity of this cycle injection is: I
Qdisturb=-I
Qp0-K Δ f, wherein K is the positive feedback coefficient;
C) in the remaining time, cancel the injection of reactive current disturbance at cycle period.
Step (6), the reactive current disturbance I that abovementioned steps is obtained
Qdisturb, with the given I of the idle control of current transformer
CqsetSuperimposed, the q axle component that finally forms the current transformer grid-connected current is with reference to I
Cqref
Further, be that the three-phase voltage U a of electrical network, Ub, Uc are come real-time lock mains frequency f and positive sequence phase angle theta through adopting the software phase-lock loop (SPLL) based on digital delay signal cancellation algorithm (DSC) in the said step (1).
Further, said method is in digital signal processor, to carry out.
Technique scheme of the present invention is compared prior art and is had the following advantages:
(1) compare with adopting the active current disturbance, the injecting reactive current disturbance can not cause the bigger variation of system's active power in grid-connected current, helps the power stability of system, has solved active current method of perturbation and the afoul contradiction of MPPT algorithm.
(2) under island state, compare with the method that causes the port voltage magnitude, what this method changed is the frequency of port voltage, all comparatively favourable to the fail safe of photovoltaic system equipment and local load.For example the port voltage amplitude will change more than 20% the foundation that could take place as isolated island usually, and this voltage might produce infringement to the switch of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, local power consumption equipment etc.; And the port frequency changes the foundation that 1Hz just can be used as the isolated island generation usually, and this frequency change is usually all within the allowed band of most of power consumption equipment.
(3) fixedly the disturbance injection method needs bigger disturbance injection rate, could guarantee the reliability of detection algorithm, and the positive feedback algorithm that the present invention adopts; Can be under the situation of less disturbance initial value; Determine whether adding positive feedback according to the effect that disturbance produced, under island state, in case positive feedback is activated; The frequency of port voltage will depart from normal range (NR) fast, guarantee the rapidity and the reliability of detection method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of island detection method of the present invention;
When Fig. 3 is the grid-connected current transformer band of 250kW this locality resonant load, use the effect sketch map of island detection method of the present invention.
Embodiment
For content of the present invention is expressly understood more easily, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is done further detailed explanation.
Present embodiment is an example with a kind of 250kW parallel network power generation current transformer, and island detection method proposed by the invention and actual enforcement are described.As shown in Figure 2, this method realizes according to following steps in digital signal processor DSP:
Step (1) in grid-connected 3-phase power converter, is come real-time lock mains frequency f and positive sequence phase angle theta with the three-phase voltage U a of electrical network, Ub, Uc through adopting the software phase-lock loop (SPLL) based on digital delay signal cancellation algorithm (DSC);
Step (2) judges whether system works in the state of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, if system is in the state of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, promptly starts the island detection algorithm immediately;
Step (3), between the island detection algorithm starting period, in real time whether whether the frequency of detection port line voltage within normal scope, promptly greater than minimum tolerance frequency f
MinAnd less than maximum tolerance frequency f
Max
Step (4), if line voltage frequency overrun thinks that then system is in island state, system protection is shut down;
Step (5), if the port voltage frequency is in the normal range (NR), then periodically adding the duration is t
dThe reactive current disturbance, the frequency of the size of this disturbance quantity port voltage during according to a last disturbance end cycle and the deviation delta f of specified mains frequency decide:
A) if this deviation within certain scope, promptly greater than minimum tolerance frequency deviation delta f
MinAnd less than maximum tolerance frequency deviation delta f
Max, the reactive current disturbance quantity of then injecting is initial value-I
Qp0
B) if frequency departure surpasses above-mentioned scope, then introduce positive feedback, promptly the computing formula of the reactive current disturbance quantity of this cycle injection is: I
Qdisturb=-I
Qp0-K Δ f, wherein K is the positive feedback coefficient;
C) in the remaining time, cancel the injection of reactive current disturbance at cycle period.
Step (6), the reactive current disturbance I that abovementioned steps is obtained
Qdisturb, with the given I of the idle control of current transformer
CqsetSuperimposed, the q axle component that finally forms the current transformer grid-connected current is with reference to I
Cqref
The inventive method solve effectively traditional island detection algorithm the reliability that detects with reduce aspect these two of the network electric energy qualities also as far as possible between contradiction.Present embodiment describes with the operational effect in the exemplary application of a 250kW parallel network power generation current transformer, and is as shown in Figure 3.When adopting the local resonant load of the grid-connected current transformer band of 250kW of island detection method of the present invention; The disjunction control signal (then representing disjunction) of PCC is ordered when for disjunction K2 simulates isolated island taking place through the people be incorporated into the power networks voltage waveform and electrical network section breaker K2 for height; 1 is the voltage that is incorporated into the power networks among Fig. 3, and 2 is the disjunction control signal of electrical network section breaker K2.The first half is normal waveform among the figure, and the latter half then is the time of the first half to launch waveform.Visible by Fig. 3; Even being with under the local resonant load, when isolated island took place, current transformer can detect rapidly and disjunction is incorporated into the power networks, and (response time was in 0.15s for K switch 1; Satisfy the examination criteria requirement); Realized preventing reliably the isolated island protection, and total harmonic distortion that current transformer exchanges port voltage and electric current when fully loaded being incorporated into the power networks is respectively less than 1% and 2%, to also the network electric energy quality influence is little.This detection method realizes simple, and reliability is higher, is highly suitable for practical application.
Obviously, the foregoing description only be for explanation clearly done for example, and be not qualification to execution mode.For the those of ordinary skill in affiliated field, on the basis of above-mentioned explanation, can also make other multi-form variation or change according to varying in size of equipment.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all execution modes.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection range of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. the island detection method of a high-power photovoltaic synchronization current transformer is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step (1), in grid-connected current transformer, real-time lock port mains frequency f and positive sequence phase angle theta;
Step (2) judges whether system works in the state of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, if system is in the state of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems, promptly starts island detection immediately;
Step (3), between the island detection algorithm starting period, in real time whether whether the frequency of detection port line voltage within normal scope, promptly greater than minimum tolerance frequency f
MinAnd less than maximum tolerance frequency f
Max
Step (4), if the line voltage frequency not in above-mentioned normal range (NR), thinks that then system is in island state, then system protection is shut down;
Step (5), if the port voltage frequency is in the above-mentioned normal range (NR), then periodically adding the duration is t
dThe reactive current disturbance, the frequency of the size of this disturbance quantity port voltage during according to a last disturbance end cycle and the deviation delta f of specified mains frequency decide:
A) if this deviation delta f within certain scope, promptly greater than minimum tolerance frequency deviation delta f
MinAnd less than maximum tolerance frequency deviation delta f
Max, the reactive current disturbance quantity I that then injects
QdisturbBe initial value-Iq
P0
B) if frequency deviation f not in the described scope of step a), then introduces positive feedback, promptly the computing formula of the reactive current disturbance quantity of this cycle injection is: I
Qdisturb=-I
Qp0-K Δ f, wherein K is the positive feedback coefficient;
C) in the remaining time, cancel the injection of reactive current disturbance at cycle period.
Step (6), the reactive current disturbance I that abovementioned steps is obtained
Qdisturb, with the given I of the idle control of current transformer
CqsetSuperimposed, the q axle component that finally forms the current transformer grid-connected current is with reference to I
Cqref
2. according to the island detection method of the said high-power photovoltaic synchronization current transformer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: step (1) is come real-time lock mains frequency f and positive sequence phase angle theta to three-phase voltage U a, Ub, the Uc of electrical network through adopting the software phase-lock loop based on digital delay signal cancellation algorithm.
3. according to the island detection method of claim 1 or 2 said high-power photovoltaic synchronization current transformers, it is characterized in that: said method is in digital signal processor, to carry out.
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| CN102998559A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-27 | 华为技术有限公司 | Island detection method and device and electric system |
| CN103064035A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-24 | 天津大学 | Active island detection method of multi-distributed power supply tied-grid |
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| CN103116103A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-05-22 | 江苏大全凯帆电器股份有限公司 | Method for actively detecting frequency drift islands |
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