CN107817365A - A kind of self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor and detection method - Google Patents
A kind of self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107817365A CN107817365A CN201711231653.0A CN201711231653A CN107817365A CN 107817365 A CN107817365 A CN 107817365A CN 201711231653 A CN201711231653 A CN 201711231653A CN 107817365 A CN107817365 A CN 107817365A
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000889 permalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P15/00—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
- G01P15/18—Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration in two or more dimensions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K35/00—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
- H02K35/02—Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor and detection method, belongs to energy and material and device arts.Cantilever beam totally four, two-by-two vertically, in crossing distribution, cantilever beam end is equipped with piezoelectric layer, is detected for 3-axis acceleration；Free end is connected with matrix gauge block, and end is connected with supporting construction；Being fixedly connected sequentially immediately below matrix gauge block has quality of assistance block, permanent magnet, and three constitutes whole mass；Electromagnetic induction coil is placed in immediately below permanent magnet, on the inner bottom surface of supporting construction, is powered for gathering vibrational energy for acceleration transducer.Acceleration transducer proposed by the present invention can detect to any direction acceleration, and can realize self-powered, reduce cost, expand application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy and material and device arts, though special be related to a kind of self-powered based on electromagnetic induction principle
3-axis acceleration sensor and detection method.
Background technology
Acceleration transducer is a kind of electronic equipment that can measure acceleration, has been widely used in auto industry, boat
The fields such as empty space flight, military equipment.Although piezoelectric acceleration transducer does not need power supply in detection, its output signal is not
Directly it can be obtained by AD Acquisition Circuit, it is necessary to through constant-current source it is its power supply, and by its signal condition into standard signal.And wireless
In sensing network application, because more than number of nodes and distribution is big, battery altering problem is difficult to solve；Meanwhile for many
Power supply can not be provided, need long term monitoring, battery is not easy to change or the inflammable and explosive application for waiting dangerous situation, it is necessary to which use is passive
Sensor measures to realize；Acceleration transducer passive can also be substantially reduced the power consumption and volume of system, improve system collection
Cheng Du.Therefore, the self-powered of acceleration transducer is realized, it is significant.
Vibrational energy is a kind of energy of generally existing in natural environment, the operation of production equipment, the traveling of the vehicles, people
The motion of body, it can all produce vibrational energy.For acceleration transducer, application scenarios are mostly dynamic environment, and collection vibrational energy is it
Power supply is a tempting idea.According to the difference of operation principle, vibrational energy collection be based primarily upon piezo-electric effect, electromagnetic induction,
Four kinds of methods such as electrostatic induction and triboelectricity.Wherein electromagnetic vibration energy collection is based on Faraday's electromagnetic induction law, leads to
Cross extraneous vibration and change magnetic flux, gather caused induced-current in coil.Therefore, electromagnetic vibration energy collection can typically adopt
With coil, the design of spring and magnet.Electromagnetic vibration energy collecting efficiency is high, but volume is larger, for device miniaturization increase
Difficulty.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor and detection method, is accelerated with solving traditional piezoelectric type
The problem of degree sensor needs power supply to provide electric current for its signal output, realizes passive transmission on the basis of passive detection.
The present invention adopts the technical scheme that：Four cantilever beams are vertical two-by-two, in crossing distribution, in every cantilever beam
End is fixedly connected with piezoelectric layer, free end has same matrix gauge block, and cantilever beam end is connected with supporting construction, matrix gauge block
Underface be fixedly connected with quality of assistance block, permanent magnet is fixedly connected with below quality of assistance block, in the underface of permanent magnet, support
Electromagnetic induction coil is fixedly connected with above structure inner bottom surface, magnetic masking layer is with outside electromagnetic induction coil.
Magnetic masking layer leaves groove below four cantilever beams, and the width of groove should be slightly bigger than the width of cantilever beam, the depth of groove
It should be slightly bigger than when by the acceleration of Z-direction, maximum displacement of the cantilever beam in Z-direction.
The distance of the matrix gauge block and magnetic masking layer, it should be greater than by X, during the acceleration of Y direction, matrix amount
Block, quality of assistance block and permanent magnet are in X, the maximum displacement of Y direction；In the case where meeting above-mentioned requirements, it should try one's best and reduce matrix amount
The distance of block and magnetic masking layer.
Described magnetic masking layer is circular cylindrical cavity.
A kind of acceleration detection method using self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor, tried to achieve by following formula：
A in formula0For actual acceleration, m is the quality of vibrational structure, and a is the acceleration measured, and i, R, L is respectively electromagnetism
Caused induced-current, internal resistance and inductance in induction coil, t are the time.
It is an advantage of the invention that：Magnet design required for during electromagnetic vibration energy is gathered is piezoelectricity 3-axis acceleration
A part for the matrix gauge block of cantilever beam in sensor, the shortcomings that volume is larger can be gathered by having evaded electromagnetic vibration, realized
It is self-powered simultaneously, whole device volume has no too big change.Self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor proposed by the invention, it is
The passive detection of ICP (Integrated circuits piezoelectric) sensor and transmission provide solution.Together
When, processing technology is simple, and device overall structure easily realizes that cost is low, can be mass.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the detection method schematic diagram based on magnetic disturbance numerical compensation of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, including：Cantilever beam 1, piezoelectric layer 2, matrix gauge block 3, quality of assistance block 4, permanent magnet 5, electromagnetism sense
Answer coil 6, magnetic masking layer 7 and supporting construction 8.
Four cantilever beams 1 are vertical two-by-two, in crossing distribution, connect as shown in figure 1, being fixed in the end of every cantilever beam 1
Be connected to piezoelectric layer 2, free end has same matrix gauge block 3, cantilever beam 1 is integrated with matrix gauge block 3 and is process, cantilever beam 1
End is connected with supporting construction 8, and cantilever beam 1 can be formed with supporting construction 8 by being integrally machined；When cantilever beam 1 and supporting construction 8 select
During with different materials, the end of cantilever beam 1, which can be bolted, to be fixed in supporting construction, and bolt material therefor is nonmagnetic
Insulating materials such as nylon (Polyamide, PA) etc.；
The underface of matrix gauge block 3 is fixedly connected with quality of assistance block 4, and the lower section of quality of assistance block 4 is fixedly connected with permanent magnet 5；
Electromagnetic induction coil 6 is fixedly connected with above the underface of permanent magnet 5, the inner bottom surface of supporting construction 8, in electromagnetic induction coil 6
It is with magnetic masking layer 7 outside.
Magnetic masking layer 7 leaves groove below four cantilever beams 1, and the width of groove should be slightly bigger than the width of cantilever beam 1, the depth of groove
Degree should be slightly bigger than when by the acceleration of Z-direction, maximum displacement of the cantilever beam 1 in Z-direction.
The distance of the matrix gauge block 3 and magnetic masking layer 7, it should be greater than by X, during the acceleration of Y direction, matrix amount
Block 3, quality of assistance block 4 and permanent magnet 5 are in X, the maximum displacement of Y direction；In the case where meeting above-mentioned requirements, it should try one's best and reduce matrix
The distance of gauge block and magnetic masking layer.
The permanent magnet 5 is neodymium iron boron (Nd2Fe14B) etc.；
Described quality of assistance block 4 is the material that density is less than permanent magnet 5, such as lucite (Polymethyl
Methacrylate, PMMA) etc.；Or it is the structure containing voided layer design；Its act on be reduce barycenter so that when sensor by
To X, during the acceleration of Y direction, including matrix gauge block, the vibrational structure torsional amplitude including permanent magnet and quality of assistance block increases
Greatly.Its advantage is the torsional amplitude increase of permanent magnet when by X or Y direction acceleration, is produced in electromagnetic induction coil
Raw induced-current increase, so that sensor is by X, during Y-axis acceleration, considerable electric energy can also be gathered.
The material therefor of electromagnetic induction coil 6 is copper, aluminium etc.；When by the acceleration of Z-direction, permanent magnet can be
Z-direction is moved, and makes to produce induced-current in electromagnetic induction coil.
The particular location of the electromagnetic induction coil 6, the surrounding of permanent magnet 5 can be looped around；Or apply at micro manufacturing field,
The lower section of permanent magnet 5 is fixedly connected in the form of planar coil.
Described magnetic masking layer 7 is the higher material of magnetic conductivity, such as soft iron, silicon steel, permalloy etc.；
Described magnetic masking layer 7 is circular cylindrical cavity.
Operation principle is：When by extraneous acceleration, the free end matrix gauge block of cantilever beam 1 can produce vibration, correspondingly,
Cantilever beam 1 can be by the pulling force or pressure of matrix gauge block, and the piezoelectric layer 2 on cantilever beam 1 can produce electric signal by piezo-electric effect, when
By Z-direction acceleration when, the stressing conditions of four cantilever beams 1 are identical, therefore the piezoelectric layer 2 on four cantilever beams 1 is defeated
The electric signal gone out is identical；When by X or Y direction acceleration, two cantilever beams 1 on direction axle are by along axle
The size in direction is identical, power in opposite direction, while the generation of piezoelectric layer 2 size on two cantilever beams 1 is identical, in opposite direction
Electric signal, and another two cantilever beams 1 on the axle vertical with acceleration direction are reversed by identical, its piezoelectric layer 2 has
Identical electric signal output, to the acceleration of any direction, pass through the piezoelectric signal u for exporting four cantilever beams 11(t),u2
(t),u3(t),u4(t) decoupled, so as to decomposite X, acceleration corresponding to the axle of Y, Z tri-；
Self-powered cell operation principle is：When by the acceleration of Z-direction, permanent magnet 5 can vibrate in Z-direction,
Magnetic flux changes in the electromagnetic induction coil 6 of the lower section of permanent magnet 5, induced-current is produced, when by X, the acceleration of Y direction
When spending, because quality of assistance block 4 reduces the barycenter of mass, permanent magnet 5 can produce larger torsion, permanent magnetism in X, Y direction
Magnetic flux changes in the electromagnetic induction coil 6 of the lower section of body 5, produces induced-current, and the induced-current of collection is stored into storage
In electric capacity, when needing to transmit the signal of detection, storage capacitor electric discharge, stabling current is exported, powers, will export for sensor
Signal condition is standard signal, and is transmitted to receiving terminal.
Influenceed because electromagnetic induction coil exists on acceleration transducer accuracy of detection, the present invention proposes a kind of based on number
The detection method that value complement is repaid.According to principle of conservation of energy, the electric energy of electromagnetic induction coil collection, ignore the factors such as air damping,
Damaged equal to acceleration transducer vibrational structure (four cantilever beams 1, piezoelectric layer 2, matrix gauge block 3, quality of assistance block 4, permanent magnet 5)
The kinetic energy of mistake.The electric energy expression formula of the collection of the kinetic energy and electromagnetic induction coil of vibrational structure is as follows：
M is the quality of vibrational structure in formula, and V is the speed of vibrational structure, and a is the acceleration measured, and i, R, L is respectively electricity
Caused induced-current, internal resistance and inductance in magnetic induction coil 6, t are the time.
To actual acceleration a0, by EDynamic 0=EIt is dynamic+ECoil, have：
I.e.：
From (3) formula, actual acceleration a is solved0(t) need to obtain a (t) and i (t), a (t) is decoupled by receiving terminal
The u received1(t),u2(t),u3(t),u4(t) four piezoelectric signals obtain；Induced-current i (t) is then needed in self-powered power supply
Transmitted before management circuit part rectification, finally a (t) signals with decoupling out further calculate, and obtain actual acceleration
a0(t)。
Claims (5)
1. a kind of self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor, four cantilever beams are vertical two-by-two, in crossing distribution, in every cantilever beam
End be fixedly connected with piezoelectric layer, free end has same matrix gauge block, cantilever beam end is connected with supporting construction, its feature
It is：Quality of assistance block is fixedly connected with immediately below matrix gauge block, permanent magnet is fixedly connected with below quality of assistance block, in permanent magnet
Underface, be fixedly connected with electromagnetic induction coil above supporting construction inner bottom surface, magnetic screen is with outside electromagnetic induction coil
Layer.
A kind of 2. self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The magnetic masking layer exists
Groove is left below four cantilever beams, the width of groove should be slightly bigger than the width of cantilever beam, and the depth of groove should be slightly bigger than by Z axis side
To acceleration when, maximum displacement of the cantilever beam in Z-direction.
A kind of 3. self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The matrix gauge block with
The distance of magnetic masking layer, it should be greater than by X, during the acceleration of Y direction, matrix gauge block, quality of assistance block and permanent magnet exist
X, the maximum displacement of Y direction；In the case where meeting above-mentioned requirements, it should try one's best and reduce the distance of matrix gauge block and magnetic masking layer.
A kind of 4. self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described magnetic masking layer
For circular cylindrical cavity.
5. a kind of acceleration detection method using self-powered 3-axis acceleration sensor as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is actual acceleration a0Tried to achieve by following formula：
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A in formula0For actual acceleration, m is the quality of vibrational structure, and a is the acceleration measured, and i, R, L is respectively electromagnetic induction line
Caused induced-current, internal resistance and inductance in circle, t are the time.
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| CN108365729A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 忻州师范学院 | A kind of self-adaptive electromagnetic-friction complex vibration energy collecting device |
| CN109026553A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-18 | 许继集团有限公司 | Vibration sensor, data screening and direction determination process, fan monitor system |
| CN110429863A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-08 | 北京康拓红外技术股份有限公司 | A kind of wideband high reliability piezoelectric beam coupling energy collecting device |
| CN110994936A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 宁波大学 | Multi-layer multi-degree-of-freedom piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy harvesting device |
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| CN108365729A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-03 | 忻州师范学院 | A kind of self-adaptive electromagnetic-friction complex vibration energy collecting device |
| CN109026553A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-18 | 许继集团有限公司 | Vibration sensor, data screening and direction determination process, fan monitor system |
| CN110429863A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-11-08 | 北京康拓红外技术股份有限公司 | A kind of wideband high reliability piezoelectric beam coupling energy collecting device |
| CN110994936A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 宁波大学 | Multi-layer multi-degree-of-freedom piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy harvesting device |
| CN111122903A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-08 | 华中科技大学 | Self-powered electromagnetic motion perception sensor |
| CN111064340A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-04-24 | 山东理工大学 | Wind-induced vibration electromagnetic power generation device based on full wind direction environment excitation |
| CN111064340B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2022-04-19 | 山东理工大学 | Wind-induced vibration electromagnetic power generation device based on full wind direction environment excitation |
| CN111579818A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-08-25 | 吉林大学 | High-sensitivity low-noise acceleration detection device and method |
| CN111579818B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-09-28 | 吉林大学 | High-sensitivity low-noise acceleration detection device and method |
| CN111795739B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-07-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Microseismic sensor |
| CN111795739A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-20 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Microseismic sensor |
| CN112284355A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-01-29 | 北京致感致联科技有限公司 | Passive piezoelectric sensor and monitoring system |
| CN112284355B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-07-26 | 北京致感致联科技有限公司 | Passive piezoelectric sensor and monitoring system |
| CN112104262B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-07-20 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Self-powered system of freight train platform |
| CN112104261A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-18 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Train platform self-powered method based on multi-piezoelectric transistor |
| CN112104261B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-11-05 | 合肥派霸电气科技有限公司 | Train platform self-powered method based on multi-piezoelectric transistor |
| CN112104262A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2020-12-18 | 郑州铁路职业技术学院 | Self-powered system of freight train platform |
| CN114110290A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-03-01 | 北京工业大学 | Nonlinear self-tuning pipeline vibration noise semi-active control method and system |
| CN114337372A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-04-12 | 上海声动微科技有限公司 | MEMS energy collector and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114665685A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-06-24 | 东北电力大学 | Planar two-dimensional random vibration energy recovery device |
| CN114665685B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-11-14 | 东北电力大学 | Plane two-dimensional random vibration energy recovery device |
| CN117031098A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-11-10 | 江苏盛德电子仪表有限公司 | Energy-saving ammeter |
| CN117031098B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-08 | 江苏盛德电子仪表有限公司 | Energy-saving ammeter |
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