CN107817172A - A kind of anti-eccentric loading clamp of double-shear experiment holds device and method - Google Patents
A kind of anti-eccentric loading clamp of double-shear experiment holds device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107817172A CN107817172A CN201710840741.4A CN201710840741A CN107817172A CN 107817172 A CN107817172 A CN 107817172A CN 201710840741 A CN201710840741 A CN 201710840741A CN 107817172 A CN107817172 A CN 107817172A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment, including two structure identical combined type loading heads, the combined type loading head includes fork-shaped fixture, suspension ring, pin attachment means, one end of the fork-shaped fixture is provided with by the straight-bar portion of test machine clamping, the other end has been centrally located open slot along fork-shaped holder axis, described suspension ring one end is arranged in the open slot of fork-shaped fixture by the way that the pin attachment means for extending vertically through the fork-shaped fixture are coaxially be hinged, and the other end is provided with screwed hole.The invention also discloses a kind of clamp method of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment.The present invention can automotive resistance installation test specimen when the moment of torsion as caused by test machine clamping test specimen, balance test specimen moment of flexure caused by fabrication error, avoid test specimen make, clamping and loading procedure in turned round and/or bias by curved, to eliminate influence of the bias-load to in-plane shear test result, ensure pure shear stress state, realize pure double-shear experiment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to concrete structure reinforcement detection field, more particularly to solution reinforcement material/component-coagulation pedosphere
The anti-eccentric loading clamp of a kind of double-shear experiment for occurring eccentricity issues in the double-shear experiment loading procedure in face etc. holds device and method.
Background technology
Due to reasons such as steel bar corrosion, material degradation, design standard raising and constructional deficiencies, a large amount of in-service reinforcing bars are caused to mix
Solidifying soil (RC) structure needs reinforcement maintenance.Strengthening with external bonding method is that reinforcement material/component is pasted into concrete structure with adhesive glue
On, by the bonding shear stress of reinforcement material/between component and concrete interface, realize the transmission of load, with reach jointly by
Power, improve the reinforcing purpose of bearing capacity.Therefore, the adhesive property of reinforcement material/component and concrete interface is that outer patch reinforces RC
The key of structure technology, mainly studied by in-plane shear test, indirect double-shear experiment is wherein conventional method, makes examination
During part, Ribbed Bar is embedded in concrete test block in advance, the reinforcing bar for clamping both ends in experiment by experiment machine grip holder is loaded,
It is delivered to by the cohesive force between reinforcing bar and concrete on interface, interface is born shearing force.
Maximum difficult point is how to ensure that reinforcement material/component is in pure shear loading with concrete interface in the experiment
State.Its reason be for loading Ribbed Bar thread surface injustice cause install test specimen when produce torque T, test specimen two ends steel
Small difference between muscle center generates additional bending moment M, causes to send out when test specimen is installed on into testing machine, loading head clamping test specimen
Raw interface is accidentally peeling and causes the failure of an experiment.
There is scholar to use the fixture with universal spherical joint or four positioning threads steel of embedment in two concrete test blocks, lead to
Cross sleeve connection, the method for sleeve is outwarded winding during loading to solve the loading eccentricity issues of double-shear experiment.However, ball pivot and fixture it
Between room be also easy to produce and rock when being further applied load, it is rocked very strong especially under fatigue load repeated action；Four positioning
Screw rod requires to reserve larger room between two test blocks, and the space requirement to testing machine is high, and in actual mechanical process due to
The error of test specimen is made, makes four reinforcing bars are entirely on the center to acquire a certain degree of difficulty.In addition, both approaches are without solution testing machine folder
The root problem that larger moment of torsion easily causes FRP- concrete interfaces to be accidentally peeling destruction can be produced when holding test specimen.
The content of the invention
For interface of the reinforcement material/component with concrete and other similar double-shear experiments, during in order to solve specimen holder
The problem of easily generation moment of torsion, test specimen misalign and produce eccentric bending moment, makes experimental subjects (such as reinforcement material/component and coagulation
The interface of soil) pure shear stress state is in, the invention provides a kind of anti-eccentric loading clamp of double-shear experiment to hold method and device.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment, it is connected to testing machine and concrete sample upper/lower terminal
Between threaded rod, including two structure identical combined type loading heads, described combined type loading head include fork-shaped fixture, hung
Ring, pin attachment means, one end of described fork-shaped fixture are provided with by the straight-bar portion of test machine clamping, and the other end is along gripping fork
Tool axis is centrally located the open slot with the suspension ring shape phase, and described suspension ring one end is by extending vertically through the fork-shaped
The pin attachment means of fixture are coaxially hinged and are arranged in the open slot of fork-shaped fixture, and the other end is provided with for connecting coagulation
The screwed hole of native test specimen threaded rod.
Further, the material of the combined type loading head uses high-tensile structural steel, the fork-shaped fixture straight-bar portion
Diameter and length match with grip of testing machine, and remaining size requires phase with each several part shearing resistance requirement and testing machine bulk
Match somebody with somebody.
Further, described pin attachment means include pin, pad, nut, on described fork-shaped fixture and suspension ring
Concentric be hinged through hole is provided with along the direction of vertical axial, the pin penetrates be hinged through hole and pad, nut phase
Connection.
Further, the screwed hole of described suspension ring and the threaded rod at concrete sample both ends are used with footpath standard type spiral shell
Line, connecting length >=5d of threaded rod, d are the diameter of reinforcing bar.
Further, gap is reserved between the open slot of the suspension ring top, side and fork-shaped fixture, makes suspension ring can
- 15 °~15 ° are rotated around pin.
Further, it is reserved between the side for stating suspension ring and the open slot of fork-shaped fixture between 0.5mm~1.5mm
Gap.
Further, the pin diameter is smaller 0.1~0.5mm than be hinged through hole.
Further, the one end of the pin away from nut is T-shaped, and diameter is more than the diameter of be hinged through hole.
A kind of clamp method of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment based on described device, comprises the following steps：
1) double shear test piece is made, the Ribbed Bar leakage end machining external screw thread that test specimen is used for loading, institute will be embedded into
Externally threaded length >=5d is stated, and d is the diameter of reinforcing bar, the steel bar end of threading is closed with adhesive tape；It is anti-
Mortar fills up screw thread during only making test specimen, while prevents reinforcing bar from getting rusty, and is not easy to connect.
2) suspension ring are connected with test specimen, after double shear test piece is made, before being loaded, remove steel bar end
Adhesive tape, clean out, by the steel bar end male thread portion of suspension ring precession test specimen two ends, realize the connection with test specimen；
3) the combined type loading head and test specimen of upper end are installed on testing machine, by pin attachment means by the group of upper end
The fork-shaped fixture and suspension ring of box-like loading head are hinged, and start the upper grip of universal testing machine, and force clamps the combination
Formula loading head, test specimen is into suspension status；
4) installation of the combined type loading head of lower end, the position of crossbeam is loaded by adjusting testing machine, makes the combination of lower end
The hole position centering in suspension ring and fork-shaped fixture and pin attachment means in formula loading head are hinged, firing test machine lower chuck,
Force clamps, and completes test specimen installation, can implement load test.
Further, in step 2), the steel bar end externally threaded depth >=5d, d of the suspension ring precession test specimen two ends are
The diameter of reinforcing bar.
Compared with prior art, the advantages of its is notable is the present invention：
1) test piece end reinforcing bar is connected through a screw thread with clamping device, can pass through screw thread rotation automotive resistance specimen holder
Or moment of torsion that may be present in loading procedure, avoid interface from being produced because of being turned round and be accidentally peeling destruction.
2) suspension ring are connected with fork-shaped fixture by pin, can be around pin small angle oscillation, to balance specimen holder or add
Moment of flexure that may be present during load.
3) ensure that double-shear experiment is in pure shear stress state.By above measure, counteract due to making equal error, examination
Cause existing small moment of flexure and moment of torsion during part installation clamping, can so as to ensure that double shear test piece is in pure shear stress state
Smoothly to implement the double-shear experiment under static load and fatigue load.
4) loading space is saved.Due to needing to ensure certain effective stickup length and transmission length, double shear test piece size
It is longer, during for testing machine limited space, had difficulties in test specimen two ends mounting clamping device.Suspension ring and fork are utilized in the present invention
Clamp is attached by way of side is embedded in, and can effectively reduce the size of clamping device, saves space.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is application schematic diagram of the clamping device of the embodiment of the present invention in FRP- concrete interface double-shear experiments.
Fig. 2 is the assembling schematic diagram of the clamping device of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic front view of the fork-shaped fixture of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the left view schematic diagram of the fork-shaped fixture of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic front view of the suspension ring of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the left view schematic diagram of the suspension ring of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the pin and pad, nut organigram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in figure：1- fork-shaped fixtures；2- suspension ring；3- pins；4- pads；5- nuts；6- test specimens.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to embodiment and 1~accompanying drawing of accompanying drawing 5, but embodiments of the present invention are not
It is limited to this.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of anti-eccentric loading clamp of double-shear experiment holds device, exists applied to FRP- concrete interfaces
In double-shear experiment under static load and fatigue load, it is connected between the threaded rod of testing machine and concrete sample upper/lower terminal, is
Eliminate moment of torsion present in installation and clamping process and eccentric bending moment to adversely affect test specimen, employ and the both ends phase of test specimen 6
Clamping device even, including upper and lower two structures identical combined type loading head, described combined type loading head include gripping fork
Tool 1, suspension ring 2, pin attachment means, one end of described fork-shaped fixture 1 is provided with by the straight-bar portion of test machine clamping, the other end
The open slot with the suspension ring shape phase is centrally located along the axis of fork-shaped fixture 1, described one end of suspension ring 2 is by vertically passing through
Wear the pin attachment means of the fork-shaped fixture 1 and be coaxially hinged and be arranged in the open slot of fork-shaped fixture 1, the other end is provided with
For connecting the screwed hole of concrete sample threaded rod.
Described pin attachment means include pin 3, pad 4, nut 5, along hanging down on described fork-shaped fixture 1 and suspension ring 2
Straight axially direction is provided with concentric be hinged through hole, and the pin 3 penetrates be hinged through hole and is connected with pad 4, nut 5
Connect.
The material of the combined type loading head uses high-tensile structural steel, the diameter and length in the straight-bar portion of fork-shaped fixture 1
Degree matches with grip of testing machine, and remaining size matches with each several part shearing resistance requirement and the requirement of testing machine bulk.
In Fig. 1~7, relevant symbol description is as follows：
b1--- fork-shaped fixture 1 and the coupling part length of side of suspension ring 2；
b2--- the open slot top width of fork-shaped fixture 1；
b2' --- the top width of suspension ring 2；
b3--- the opening groove bottom width of fork-shaped fixture 1；
b3' --- the bottom width of suspension ring 2；
b4--- width of the suspension ring 2 along groove depth direction；
D --- test specimen is used for loading the diameter for being embedded into reinforcing bar and the diameter of bore of suspension ring 2；
d1--- fork-shaped fixture 1 is by the straight-bar diameter of test machine clamping；
d2--- corresponding bore dia on fork-shaped fixture 1 and suspension ring 2；
d3--- the diameter of pin 3；
L1--- fork-shaped fixture 1 is by the straight bar part length of test machine clamping；
L2--- fork-shaped fixture 1 and the length of the coupling part of suspension ring 2；
L3--- suspension ring 2 and the length of the coupling part of pin 3；
L4--- suspension ring 2 and the length of test specimen coupling part；
L5--- the total length of suspension ring 2；
L6--- hole length in suspension ring 2；
t1--- the open slot top thickness of fork-shaped fixture 1；
t2--- the perforate top thickness of suspension ring 2；
In the present embodiment, hold device for anti-eccentric loading clamp and be used for the bar connecting loaded with embedment in advance in test specimen 6.
Wherein, in order to ensure the cohesive force with concrete, using HRB335, diameter d be 20mm (φ20) deformed bar with ribbing, stretch out
The steel bar meter of test specimen one end has external screw thread.Suspension ring 2 are connected through a screw thread with reinforcing bar, in order to ensure between test specimen and clamping device
Power transmission is reliable, the end reinforced and length L of suspension ring coupling parta>=5d, d are the diameter (mm) of reinforcing bar, as shown in fig. 1.
In the present embodiment, experiment machine grip holder is loaded by clamping the top straight-bar portion of fork-shaped fixture 1, the diameter in straight-bar portion
d1With length L1To be determined according to testing machine chuck model.The material of fork-shaped fixture 1 preferably selects high-strength steel, by one piece of unitary steel material
Carry out cutting to form, in order to save space, there is the chamfering that radius is 5mm between top and the bottom.
In the present embodiment, suspension ring 2 can rotate minute angle around pin 3, with the installation of autobalance test specimen and loading procedure
Moment M that may be present.In order to which suspension ring 2 can be rotated around pin, sky is left in top, side between suspension ring 2 and fork-shaped fixture 1
Gap, width b of the suspension ring top along groove depth direction4Than fork-shaped fixture head width b1It is small, in the present embodiment, using b4≈1/3b1,
As shown in Figures 2 and 3.Rotational angle is unsuitable excessive, controls in -15 °~15 ° angular ranges in that, to keep in loading procedure
Test specimen is not produced and rocked.
In the present embodiment, the top thickness t of suspension ring 22Shearing resistance requirement need to be met, when the power for being applied to test specimen two ends is P,
Have：
In formula, n is safety coefficient, takes 1.5~2.0；[fv] be combined type loading head material therefor shearing resistance proof strength
(MPa)。
In the present embodiment, the bottom opening diameter d of suspension ring 2 is consistent with connected bar diameter d, and bore depth is at least greater than
5d, i.e. L6≥5d.According to t and perforate d2Size, it may be determined that the upper part length L of suspension ring3, according to bore depth and top and the bottom
Between there are 45 ° of chamfering relations to can determine that suspension ring lower part length L4And overall length L5。
In the present embodiment, fork-shaped fixture 1 is connected with suspension ring 2 by pin 3 in the clamping device.Fork-shaped fixture 1 and hang
There are the hole of formed objects, aperture d on ring 22, during installation, space is loaded to save, suspension ring 2 slip into the groove of fork-shaped fixture 1 from side
In, suspension ring 2 and the position of fork-shaped fixture 1, the strict centering of hole position are adjusted, insertion pin 3 is attached, and screws on pad 4 at one end
Fixed with nut 5.In order to prevent in loading procedure, there is test specimen and loosen or swing, and in view of the convenience of installation, the table of pin
Face polishes smooth, its diameter d3Than aperture d2Smaller (about 0.1~0.5mm).In order to prevent pin in loading procedure, especially
Skidded off when applying fatigue load, the described one end of pin 3 away from nut 5 is T-shaped, and diameter is more than the diameter of be hinged through hole, such as Fig. 7
It is shown.
In the present embodiment, the diameter d of pin3Can have depending on shearing resistance requires：
In formula, n is safety coefficient, takes 1.5~2.0；[fv] be combined type loading head material therefor shearing resistance proof strength
(MPa), P is the power for being applied to test specimen two ends.
Embodiment two
In the present embodiment, a kind of clamp method of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment based on described device,
Comprise the following steps：
1) double shear test piece is made, the Ribbed Bar leakage end machining external screw thread that test specimen 6 is used for loading, institute will be embedded into
Externally threaded length >=5d is stated, and d is the diameter of reinforcing bar, the steel bar end of threading is closed with adhesive tape；It is anti-
Mortar fills up screw thread during only making test specimen, while prevents reinforcing bar from getting rusty, and is not easy to connect.
2) suspension ring are connected with test specimen, after double shear test piece is made, before being loaded, remove steel bar end
Adhesive tape, clean out, by the steel bar end male thread portion of suspension ring precession test specimen two ends, realize the connection with test specimen, note
Meaning screws, and ensures that reinforcing bar screw-in depth reaches more than valid bonding length 5d (d be bar diameter, mm), as shown in Figure 5.
3) the combined type loading head and test specimen of upper end are installed on testing machine, by pin 3, by the gripping fork of upper grip
Tool 1 and suspension ring 2 are hinged, and load onto pad 4 and nut 5, fix clamping device, and start the upper folder of universal testing machine
Head, force clamp upper clamping device, and test specimen is into suspension status.
4) installation of the combined type loading head of lower end, the position of crossbeam is loaded by adjusting testing machine, makes the combination of lower end
The hole position centering in suspension ring 2 and fork-shaped fixture 1 in formula loading head, pin 3 is inserted, pad 4 and nut 5 is loaded onto, tightens.Start
Testing machine lower chuck, force clamp, and complete test specimen installation, can implement load test.
Apparatus above suitable for taking all to keep measure situation of the loading to the heart as far as possible test specimen manufacturing process
Under, significantly (the reinforcing steel bar center dislocation 1mm of test specimen two ends of the bias-load situation as caused by test specimen makes error can not be corrected
More than).
Implementation result：
In order to verify the effect of the loading clamping device in the present invention, the interface double-shear experiment pair of FRP- concrete has been carried out
Than visible by testing, the destruction for not using the test specimen of clamping device is unilateral interface delaminating damage, and local pressure is not
Bias when, by loading causes；The test specimen of the device of the present invention is used, its damage -form is that the interface stress on both sides is equal
It is even, the final stripping damage in interface, it is seen that the present apparatus ensures that interface is in pure shear stress state, accomplishes the end in view.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to the present invention
Embodiment restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make on the basis of the above description
Other various forms of changes or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within spirit and principle etc., should be included in the protection of the claims in the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment, it is connected to the spiral shell of testing machine and concrete sample upper/lower terminal
Between rasp bar, it is characterised in that：Including two structure identical combined type loading heads, described combined type loading head includes fork-shaped
Fixture (1), suspension ring (2), pin attachment means, one end of described fork-shaped fixture (1) are provided with by the straight-bar of test machine clamping
Portion, the other end are centrally located the open slot with the suspension ring shape phase, the suspension ring (2) one along fork-shaped fixture (1) axis
Hold the opening for being coaxially hinged by the pin attachment means for extending vertically through the fork-shaped fixture (1) and being arranged on fork-shaped fixture (1)
In groove, the other end is provided with the screwed hole for connecting concrete sample threaded rod.
2. the clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The combined type adds
The material of carrier head uses high-tensile structural steel, the diameter and length and grip of testing machine phase in fork-shaped fixture (1) the straight-bar portion
Match somebody with somebody, remaining size matches with each several part shearing resistance requirement and the requirement of testing machine bulk.
3. the clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described pin connects
Connection device includes pin (3), pad (4), nut (5), along the side of vertical axial on described fork-shaped fixture (1) and suspension ring (2)
To concentric be hinged through hole is provided with, the pin 3 penetrates be hinged through hole and is connected with pad (4), nut (5).
4. the clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described suspension ring
(2) screwed hole and the threaded rod at concrete sample both ends are used with footpath standard-type thread, connecting length >=5d of threaded rod,
D is the diameter of reinforcing bar.
5. the clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The suspension ring (2)
Be reserved with gap between the open slot on top, side and fork-shaped fixture (1), make suspension ring (2) can be rotated around pin 3-15 ° ~
15°。
6. the clamping device of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described to state suspension ring
(2) 0.5mm ~ 1.5mm gaps are reserved between side and the open slot of fork-shaped fixture (1).
7. the clamp method and device of the anti-bias-load of a kind of double-shear experiment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is smaller 0.1 ~ 0.5mm than be hinged through hole to state pin (3) diameter.
8. the clamp method and device of the anti-bias-load of a kind of double-shear experiment according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute
It is T-shaped to state one end of the remote nut (5) of pin (3), diameter of the diameter more than be hinged through hole.
9. a kind of clamp method of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment based on device any one of claim 1 to 8, it is special
Sign is, comprises the following steps：
Double shear test piece is made, the Ribbed Bar leakage end machining external screw thread that test specimen is used for loading, the outer spiral shell will be embedded into
Length >=5d of line, d are the diameter of reinforcing bar, are closed the steel bar end of threading with adhesive tape；
Suspension ring are connected with test specimen, after double shear test piece is made, before being loaded, remove the transparent adhesive tape of steel bar end
Band, clean out, by the steel bar end male thread portion of suspension ring precession test specimen two ends, realize the connection with test specimen；
The combined type loading head and test specimen (6) of upper end are installed on testing machine, by pin attachment means by the combination of upper end
The fork-shaped fixture (1) and suspension ring (2) of formula loading head are hinged, and start the upper grip of universal testing machine, exert a force described in clamping
Combined type loading head, test specimen is into suspension status；
The installation of the combined type loading head of lower end, the position of crossbeam is loaded by adjusting testing machine, loads the combined type of lower end
The hole position centering in suspension ring (2) and fork-shaped fixture (1) and pin attachment means in head are hinged, firing test machine lower chuck,
Force clamps, and completes test specimen installation, can implement load test.
10. the clamp method of the anti-bias-load of double-shear experiment according to claim 9, it is characterised in that step 2）In, institute
The steel bar end externally threaded depth >=5d, d for stating suspension ring (2) precession test specimen two ends are the diameter of reinforcing bar.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710840741.4A CN107817172A (en) | 2017-09-18 | 2017-09-18 | A kind of anti-eccentric loading clamp of double-shear experiment holds device and method |
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| CN201710840741.4A CN107817172A (en) | 2017-09-18 | 2017-09-18 | A kind of anti-eccentric loading clamp of double-shear experiment holds device and method |
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| CN111272649A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-12 | 华南理工大学 | Double-shear experimental method and device for full adhesion of FRP and concrete interface |
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