CN107815551A - Electromagnetism separates the vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace and purification of metals method of precious metal - Google Patents
Electromagnetism separates the vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace and purification of metals method of precious metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107815551A CN107815551A CN201711087314.XA CN201711087314A CN107815551A CN 107815551 A CN107815551 A CN 107815551A CN 201711087314 A CN201711087314 A CN 201711087314A CN 107815551 A CN107815551 A CN 107815551A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
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Abstract
A kind of the vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace and purification of metals method of electromagnetism separation precious metal, belong to metal separation and field of purification.The larger metal of electric conductivity difference can be separated by the equipment and purified.The present invention technical advantage be：Under conditions of intermediate frequency furnace is powered insulation, while apply the different magnetic field of frequency, both do not disturb mutually, make the heating of melt and electromagnetic agitation while carry out, are advantageous to separation of foreign elements and purification；Solidified under the conditions of orientation cooling and semisolid, the separation and purification of different impurities are realized according to the difference of solute balance distribution coefficient；The oxygen content of purification metal can be effectively reduced, anti-oxidation can't produce toxic gas.By the device and method of the present invention, electric conductivity difference is larger, density is different metal can be realized with nonmetallic, metal and metal and the not separation and purification of jljl phase.With the characteristics of environmentally friendly, high-purity and separative efficiency are high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace and purification of metals method of a kind of electromagnetism separation precious metal, anti-oxidation
Toxic gas can't be produced, the larger metal of electric conductivity difference can be separated by the equipment and purified, belong to metal
Separation and field of purification.
Background technology
Precious metal such as gold, silver and bronze are in melting, casting process, quantity, size, shape existing for the field trash in metal
State, species and distribution etc. have a strong impact on the performance of metal, as field trash destroy metallic matrix continuity, so as to reduce metal material
Intensity, toughness and plasticity of material etc..Therefore, the concept of " metal purification " is introduced in modern science technology.So-called metal
Purification, it is both using certain physical and chemical principle and corresponding technological measure, removes liquid metal and gas, folder in alloy
The process of debris and harmful element.Purification has become many nonferrous metal and alloys, particularly easily air-breathing, oxidation and metallurgy
Quality and extremely important, the crucial production technology link of exigent nonferrous metal and alloy.Common purification refining techniques
There are flux-refining, melt standing, gas refinement and filtering, but these methods pollution environment, complex process, cost height etc. lack
Point is, it is necessary to which New Research Method realizes the purification of metal.
Because electromagnetic field is different to the active force of the material of different electrical conductivity, it can be applied to separate non-in metal bath
Metal impurities.Using magnetic field refining molten metal, can remove in metal bath with density metal it is very close but electrical conductivity
The non-metallic inclusion having differences, in the absence of pollution problem is electrolysed, at the same time it can also remove the fairly small field trash of size,
Thus obtain the extensive concern of domestic and international researcher.Current existing electromagnetic design scheme has condition steady magnetic field, alternation electricity
Magnetic field, alternation composite electromagnetic field, travelling-magnetic-field, rotating excitation field and high frequency magnetic field etc..Rotating excitation field is used for the purification of non-ferrous metal
It is also at the early-stage.
Rotating excitation field produces strong stirring action to the molten metal crystallized, and this can influence the biography of crystallization front
Heat, mass transfer, can be with crystal grain thinning.Under suitable magnetic field intensity and setting rate, it might even be possible to separate in eutectic alloy
Two-phase.The Zhai Xiu of Northeastern University wait quietly people (Zhai Xiujing, Fu Yan, Li Hongbin, etc..Rotating excitation field is used for the research of aluminium purification.East
Northern college journal, 2002,23 (11)：Rotating excitation field purifying aluminium 1083-1085) is utilized, by the Fe and Si quality in primary aluminum
Fraction is reduced to 0.05% from 0.16%.Shandong Polytechnic Univ Zhang Zuogui (Zhang Zuogui, Liu Xiangfa, Gao Zhen, etc..Electromagnetic agitation
Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy it is purifying.Casting, 2000,49 (2)：Electromagnetic agitation 70-73) et al. be have studied to being closed among aluminium titanium boron
The purifying influence of gold, it is believed that AC magnetic field is better than D.C. magnetic field slagging-off effect, and the Primary Study slag remover of electromagnetic agitation
Reason, it is believed that electromagnetic field can not only cause the rotation of melt, and also have one before solid liquid interface about in the range of 1cm in the melt
Additional circulation, the presence of additional circulation is the basic reason of electromagnetic agitation slagging-off.
In existing separation at present and cleaning equipment and method, existing subject matter is：Electromagnetic field and radial dimension into
Linear attenuation, electromagnetic body force skewness, impurity are involved in melt；In addition to the conductance and quality of alloy in itself, coagulate
Gu the melt in forward position must have strong flowing and suitable setting rate, it is necessary to according to solute balance breadth coefficient realization separation and only
Change, and existing equipment and method can not realize rotating excitation field and heating in medium frequency while carry out；Easily occur to be divided under non-vacuum condition
From the oxidation with purifying metal.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of new equipment and method of electromagnetism separation and purification, under conditions of intermediate frequency furnace is powered insulation,
Apply rotating excitation field simultaneously, the heating of melt is advantageous to impurity element in stronger electromagnetic body force with stirring while carrying out
The lower separation and purification with matrix material of effect；Meet the condition of directional solidification by top heat dissipation, be distributed according to solute balance
Coefficient realizes separation and purification；Solves the problem of oxidation of metal using vacuum melting furnace.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace of electromagnetism separation precious metal, including vacuum melting furnace module, electromagnetic field generator,
Medium-frequency heating coil, crucible and cooling component；
Described crucible is located at the centre of vacuum melting furnace module, and medium-frequency heating coil is installed around crucible；Described electricity
Magnetic field generator is arranged in vacuum melting furnace module；Described cooling component is located at the top of crucible, is fixed on vacuum melting
On the bell of furnace module.
After with vavuum pump, vacuum melting furnace component internal is evacuated, with medium-frequency heating coil melt heating and insulation,
Start electromagnetic field generator energization simultaneously and apply rotating excitation field；Melt under electromagnetic body force, gravity, centrifugal force collective effect,
The relatively low impurity of conductance can be taken to center by electromagnetic force, and the higher metal of conductance is then rotated to outside, realizes impurity
Separation and purification.Vacuum furnace top is passed through cooling gas and realizes directional solidification, impurity is assembled to top and bottom, further complete
Into the separation and purification of impurity.
Using the purification of metals method of above-mentioned vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace, comprise the following steps：
1) material is added in crucible, covers the bell of vacuum melting furnace, and vacuumize；
2) medium-frequency heating coil power supply, melting materialss are opened, the degree of superheat is 120-170 DEG C, is incubated after material melting；
3) electromagnetic field generator is opened while insulation, melt is stirred, frequency 40-50HZ, electric current 100-
140A, minute time 3-10；
4) stop heating, continue to electromagnetic field stirring, while top is passed through cooling gas 10-12 minutes and solidified；
5) melt temperature is reduced to less than 100 DEG C, takes out sample；It is impurity to be enriched in crucible center and upper strata, separation
Impurity and metal.
The said equipment and parameter are the results of a large amount of scientific experiments.By the device and method of the present invention, it can realize and lead
The separation and purification of the metal that electric rate differs greatly, density is different jljl phase with nonmetallic, metal and metal and not.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Under conditions of intermediate frequency furnace is powered insulation, while apply the different rotating excitation field of frequency,
Both do not disturb mutually, make the heating of melt and electromagnetic agitation while carry out, are advantageous to separation of foreign elements and purification；It is solid half
State solidify and orientation cooling condition under solidify, the separation of different impurities and net is realized according to the difference of solute balance distribution coefficient
Change；The oxygen content of purification metal can be effectively reduced, anti-oxidation can't produce toxic gas.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace that electromagnetism separates metal impurities；
The result figure that the energy disperse spectroscopy that Fig. 2 is SEM detects；
In figure：1 vacuum melting furnace module；2 electromagnetic field generators；3 medium-frequency heating coils；4 crucibles；5 cooling components；6 is molten
Body.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme, embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The equipment that the present invention designs forms：Vacuum melting furnace module 1, electromagnetic field generator 2, medium-frequency heating coil 3, earthenware
Crucible 4, cooling component 5, melt 6.Impure copper billet is put into crucible 4, crucible internal diameter 100mm, high 180mm.Vacuum is melted
The bell of furnace component 1 closes and is evacuated to 10-2Pa, open medium-frequency heating coil 3 and 1254 DEG C are heated to copper billet, it is warm herein
Constant temperature in the range of degree.Meanwhile open electromagnetic field generator 2 and apply rotating excitation field, melt 6 is stirred in crucible 4, stirring frequency
For 40Hz, electric current 140A, 3 minutes time, within this time electromagnetic body force, centrifugal force and gravity make a concerted effort can be rich impurity
Collection is on crucible center and upper strata, after cooling component 5 acts on 10 minutes, the separation and purification of completion Copper substrate and impurity.
Red copper separates the result with purification：The defects of band impurity all on top and center, bottom and both sides impurity content compared with
It is few.
The result that the energy disperse spectroscopy that Fig. 2 is SEM detects, silicone content is only the 0.87% of extrinsic region in the region after purification,
Illustrate that separation is obvious with clean-up effect.Due under vacuum, not detecting oxygen content, purity further improves.
Embodiment 2
The equipment that the present invention designs forms：Vacuum melting furnace module 1, electromagnetic field generator 2, medium-frequency heating coil 3, earthenware
Crucible 4, cooling component 5, melt 6.The copper billet of salic impurity is put into crucible 4, crucible internal diameter 100mm, high 180mm.
The bell of vacuum melting furnace module 1 closes and is evacuated to 10-2Pa, open medium-frequency heating coil 3 and 1204 DEG C be heated to copper billet,
The constant temperature in this temperature range.Meanwhile open electromagnetic field generator 2 and apply rotating excitation field, melt 6 is stirred in crucible 4, stir
It is 50Hz to mix frequency, stir current 100A, 7 minutes time, and electromagnetic body force, centrifugal force and gravity are made a concerted effort within this time
Impurity enriched on crucible center and upper strata, after cooling component 5 acts on 12 minutes, can complete the separation of Copper substrate and impurity with
Purification.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace of electromagnetism separation precious metal, it is characterised in that including vacuum melting furnace module, electromagnetism
Field generator, medium-frequency heating coil, crucible and cooling component；
Described crucible is located at the centre of vacuum melting furnace module, and medium-frequency heating coil is installed around crucible；Described electromagnetic field
Generator is arranged in vacuum melting furnace module；Described cooling component is located at the top of crucible, is fixed on vacuum melting furnace group
On the bell of part.
2. a kind of purification of metals method of vaccum environmental protection smelting furnace with described in claim 1, it is characterised in that specific steps are such as
Under：
1) material is added in crucible, covers the bell of vacuum melting furnace, and vacuumize；
2) medium-frequency heating coil power supply, melting materialss are opened, the degree of superheat is 120-170 DEG C, is incubated after material melting；
3) electromagnetic field generator is opened while insulation, melt is stirred, frequency 40-50HZ, electric current 100-140A,
Minute time 3-10；
4) stop heating, continue to electromagnetic field stirring, while top is passed through cooling gas 10-12 minutes and solidified；
5) melt temperature is reduced to less than 100 DEG C, takes out sample；It is impurity to be enriched in crucible center and upper strata, separation impurity with
Metal.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111793756A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-20 | 苏州金江铜业有限公司 | Process for preparing high-purity elemental metal |
| CN114317993A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for purifying metal melt by low-voltage pulsed magnetic field |
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| CN111793756A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-20 | 苏州金江铜业有限公司 | Process for preparing high-purity elemental metal |
| CN114317993A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for purifying metal melt by low-voltage pulsed magnetic field |
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| CN107815551B (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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