CN107814588B - Production process of ceramic with glazing controlled by digital code - Google Patents

Production process of ceramic with glazing controlled by digital code Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107814588B
CN107814588B CN201711230234.5A CN201711230234A CN107814588B CN 107814588 B CN107814588 B CN 107814588B CN 201711230234 A CN201711230234 A CN 201711230234A CN 107814588 B CN107814588 B CN 107814588B
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ceramic
glaze
glazing
digital
overglaze
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CN107814588A (en
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钟华龙
黄道伟
胡锦松
赵胜
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Foshan Hualida Material Technology Co ltd
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Foshan Hualida Material Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/85Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/86Glazes; Cold glazes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/50Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
    • C04B41/5022Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a production process of ceramic with glazing under digital control, which is characterized in that after a green body formed by pressing is dried, overglaze, patterns, various decorative and protective glazes and the like are directly printed on the green body through a digital printer; the process can realize the simultaneous printing of overglaze and protective glaze with different effects on the same tile, can also carry out glazing on the whole surface or local glazing on the tile, can also carry out simultaneous printing of multiple colors and then carries out high-temperature firing; the digital printing glazing positioning is accurate, the pattern has high simulation degree, high definition, strong stereoscopic impression and less glazing amount, reduces the waste of glaze, saves energy, reduces emission, meets the requirement of environmental protection, avoids the defects of cracking, deformation, glaze needle holes and the like of a blank body caused by excessive glazing amount due to moisture in the glaze, improves the excellent rate of kiln products, is particularly suitable for the production of large-specification sheets, has high production intelligence degree, and reduces the labor cost.

Description

Production process of ceramic with glazing controlled by digital code
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic production, in particular to a production process of ceramic with glaze application under digital control.
Background
At present, the glazing process in the production process of the traditional ceramics is generally realized by means of glaze spraying, printing, glazing and the like, wherein the glaze spraying is realized by spraying glaze slurry into a mist shape under the action of pressure through a spray gun by compressed air and applying the mist to the surface of a blank body; the glaze pouring is to pump the glaze slip into a high-level tank, and the glaze slip is uniformly covered on the surface of the blank body through a smooth bell jar like a waterfall under the control of a pipeline and a valve; printing glazing is to print glaze on the blank through a silk screen or a rubber roller; however, the amount of applied glaze is large in the three methods, and only the whole surface can be glazed, so that various process problems such as uneven glazing, unevenness, glaze shortage, splitting and the like are easily caused, and production fluctuation is caused; the glaze has more water, easily causes the cracking of a blank, particularly a thinner blank, and the glaze applying methods can not position, waste glaze amount is large, additional cost is increased, economic benefit is not high, and the glaze is not environment-friendly.
It is seen that improvements and enhancements to the prior art are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a production process of ceramic with digitally controlled glazing, and aims to solve the problems of uneven glazing, lack of glaze, splitting and other processes easily caused by a glazing mode in the ceramic production process in the prior art; the technical problems of cracking of a blank body, incapability of positioning, local glazing and simultaneous glazing of various-effect glazes caused by excessive moisture brought in.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process for producing digitally controlled glazed ceramics comprising the steps of:
A. pressing and molding the ceramic powder into a ceramic blank;
B. conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying;
C. setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze, the printing pattern, the decoration effect and the glazing amount of the protective glaze in a ceramic digital printer, sending the blank body dried in the step B into the ceramic digital printer, and printing the digital overglaze, the pattern, the decoration and the protective glaze on the blank body in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed green body into a kiln, firing, discharging from the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
In the production process of the ceramic with the glaze digitally controlled, the pressure of the pressed blank in the step A is 25-90 MPa.
In the production process of the ceramic with the digital control glazing function, the blank formed in the step B is dried for 40-50min in the air atmosphere at the temperature of 150-200 ℃.
In the production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled, the application amount of the glaze in the step C is 100-200g/m2
In the production process of the ceramic with the glaze digitally controlled, the viscosity of the overglaze in the step C is 10-20 mPa.s at 40 ℃.
The ceramic with glaze coating controlled by digital codesIn the production process, the application amount of the protective glaze in the step C is 40-120g/m2
In the production process of the ceramic with the digitally controlled glazing, the firing temperature of the blank after the glazing in the step D is 1100-1220 ℃, and the firing time is 30-70 min.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a production process of ceramic with glazing controlled by digital, which presets glazing amount and printed patterns through a digital printer, directly prints digital overglaze, patterns, decoration and protection glaze on a blank body through the digital printer, simplifies production procedures, reduces production equipment, can print digital overglaze and protection glaze with different effects on the same tile, can also glaze or partially glaze the whole tile, can also print various colors simultaneously, has accurate positioning, high simulation degree of patterns, high definition, strong stereoscopic impression, small glazing amount, reduces glaze waste, saves energy, reduces emission, meets the requirement of environmental protection, avoids the phenomena of cracking, deformation and the like of the blank body caused by excessive glazing amount due to moisture in the glaze, improves the strength of the blank body, is particularly suitable for the production of large-size sheets, has high production intelligence degree, the labor cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the digitally controlled glazed ceramic provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a production process of ceramic with glaze-applying digital control, which is further described in detail below by referring to the attached drawings and embodiments in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a process for producing a ceramic with digitally controlled glazing, comprising the steps of:
A. pressing and molding the ceramic powder into a ceramic blank;
B. conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying;
C. setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze, the printing pattern, the decoration effect and the glazing amount of the protective glaze in a ceramic digital printer, sending the blank body dried in the step B into the ceramic digital printer, and printing the digital overglaze, the pattern, the decoration and the protective glaze on the blank body in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed green body into a kiln, firing, discharging from the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
In the process, the green body is dried at low temperature in a drying kiln and then the excess moisture in the green body is dried, the green body strength is improved, the requirements of conveying and subsequent processes are met, in actual operation, some green bodies need to be sprayed with water before glazing, the temperature of the green bodies can be reduced to the temperature required by glazing, capillary holes on the surfaces of the green bodies are punched, the binding property of the green bodies and the glaze is enhanced, and the defects of glaze shrinkage and the like are reduced, the surface of the green bodies needs to be cleaned firstly before digital printing of the glaze, the surface of the green bodies is kept clean and tidy, the printing effect is prevented from being influenced, the overglaze is directly applied to the green bodies through a digital printer, preferably, overglaze with different effects can be printed on the same tile simultaneously, any medium does not need to be applied firstly, the glazing process is simplified, the glazing thickness is reduced, the cost is saved, and printing and the positioning is accurate while the overglaze is applied, the printing effect is natural, the definition is high, the color gradation is clear, the pattern is fine and smooth, the variation is various, and the simulation effect is good; the printing layer can also be printed with decorations with different decorative effects and protective glazes with different effects; the whole surface of the ceramic tile can be glazed or the local part of the ceramic tile can be glazed; or directly printing the pattern on the blank without applying overglaze, and then printing the decorative effect and overglaze; the amount of the digital printing glaze is small, so that the influence of redundant moisture on the strength of the blank body is avoided, the glaze is only printed on the blank body and cannot be diffused to the periphery, and unnecessary waste is avoided; the green body is sent to a roller kiln for firing after glazing, the temperature range of high-temperature firing is wide, and the method is suitable for application of green bodies in different firing ranges.
Preferably, the pressure of the green compact in the step A is 25-90 MPa; in practical application, the forming pressure of the sheet ceramic tile is higher and is 90-150 MPa; the forming pressure of 25-90MPa is suitable for the press forming of common ceramic tiles.
Preferably, the molded blank in the step B is dried in an air atmosphere at the temperature of 150-200 ℃ for 40-50 min; more preferably, the drying temperature of the molded blank is 150-160 ℃ or 180-200 ℃; the powder for preparing the ceramic blank contains moisture, excessive moisture can influence the strength of the blank and cause quality problems such as blank cracking and the like, and glaze is applied after drying for 40-50min in the air atmosphere of 150-200 ℃, so that the strength of the blank is high, the bonding degree of the blank and the glaze is good, and the glaze shrinkage phenomenon cannot occur; the drying temperature is too high, so that the water on the surface of the blank is easy to evaporate too fast, when the interior of the blank is dried to contain proper water, the water content on the surface is too low, and the defects of cracks, pinholes and the like are easy to occur; the drying time is too long, the moisture content of the blank is too low, the blank is easy to become brittle, and phenomena such as glaze shrinkage, cracks and the like which influence the quality of the ceramic can be caused; if the baking temperature is too low, the evaporation of water is slow, the needed baking time is long, and the production benefit is not improved; the baking time is too short, the water evaporation is insufficient, the water content of the green body is too high, and the strength of the green body is low.
Preferably, the amount of the overglaze applied in the step C is 100-2(ii) a When the amount of the overglaze is the same, the overglaze can be flatly and uniformly covered on the blank body, the color development effect is good, the color gradation is bright, and the simulation degree of printed patterns is high.
Preferably, the viscosity of the overglaze in the step C is 10-20mPa & s at 40 ℃; the viscosity index of the glaze can change along with the change of the environmental temperature, the proper viscosity can ensure that the glaze can smoothly flow in a digital printer, the glaze can be smoothly sprayed out to form a smooth and uniform glaze layer, the viscosity is too low, the internal friction of the glaze is small, and liquid drops are in a meniscus shape to generate damping oscillation, so that the spraying speed is influenced; the viscosity is too high, the fluidity of the glaze is poor, and small liquid drops are not easy to form; when the viscosity of the overglaze is 10-20 mPa.s at 40 ℃, the overglaze can be smoothly and flatly printed on a blank body, and the leveling property is good.
Preferably, the application amount of the protective glaze in the step C is 40-120g/m2Application amount of protective glazeIs controlled to be 40-120g/m2The glaze can be evenly covered on the blank body with the glaze, so that the effect of protecting the glaze is achieved without influencing the color development of the glaze; the application amount is too small, the strength of the protective glaze layer is insufficient, the wear resistance is insufficient, and the protective glaze layer cannot play a role in protecting the overglaze layer; the coloring effect of the overglaze layer can be influenced to a certain extent by too much application amount and too thick glaze layer.
Preferably, the firing temperature of the blank after glazing in the step D is 1100-1220 ℃, and the firing time is 30-70 min; in actual production, the firing temperature and time are selected according to the thickness and properties of the ceramic, and are suitable for firing ceramics to which a general glaze is applied.
Example 1
The production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled comprises the following steps:
A. conveying ceramic powder into a hopper of a press by a conveying belt, and forming into a ceramic blank by the press under the pressure of 25 MPa;
B. conveying the formed blank body to a multi-layer horizontal drying kiln, and drying for 50min in an air atmosphere at 160 ℃;
C. adding digital overglaze with viscosity of 18 mPa.s at 40 ℃, glaze required by printing pattern, protective glaze and the like into a ceramic digital printer, and setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze to be 120g/m in the ceramic digital printer2The glazing amount of the pattern to be printed and the protective glaze is 40g/m2Sending the dried blank into a ceramic digital printer to directly print the digital overglaze, the pattern and the protective glaze on the blank in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed blank into a kiln, firing for 60min at 1120 ℃, discharging from the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
The ceramic product produced by the process has high strength, clear pattern printed by digital code, high simulation degree, clear color gradation and low probability of occurrence of defective products.
Example 2
The production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled comprises the following steps:
A. conveying ceramic powder into a hopper of a press by a conveyer belt, and forming into a ceramic blank by the press under the pressure of 35 MPa;
B. conveying the formed blank body to a multi-layer horizontal drying kiln, and drying for 48min in an air atmosphere at 150 ℃;
C. adding digital overglaze with viscosity of 20 mPas at 40 ℃, glaze required by pattern printing, decoration, protective glaze and the like into a ceramic digital printer, and setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze to be 200g/m in the ceramic digital printer2The glazing amount of the patterns to be printed, the decorative effect and the protective glaze is 100g/m2Sending the dried blank into a ceramic digital printer to directly print digital overglaze, patterns, decoration and protection glaze on the blank in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed blank into a kiln, firing for 50min at 1180 ℃, discharging from the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
The ceramic product produced by the process has high strength, clear pattern printed by digital code, high simulation degree, clear color gradation and low probability of occurrence of defective products.
Example 3
The production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled comprises the following steps:
A. conveying ceramic powder into a hopper of a press by a conveying belt, and forming into a ceramic blank by the press under the pressure of 50 MPa;
B. conveying the formed blank body to a multi-layer horizontal drying kiln, and drying for 45min in an air atmosphere at 170 ℃;
C. adding digital overglaze with viscosity of 13 mPa.s at 40 ℃, glaze required by pattern printing, decoration and protection glaze into a ceramic digital printer, and setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze to be 100g/m in the ceramic digital printer2The glazing amount of the patterns to be printed, the decorative effect and the protective glaze is 60g/m2Sending the dried blank into a ceramic digital printer to directly print digital overglaze, patterns, decoration and protection glaze on the blank in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed blank into a kiln, firing for 60min at 1220 ℃, taking out of the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
The ceramic product produced by the process has high strength, clear pattern printed by digital code, high simulation degree, clear color gradation and low probability of occurrence of defective products.
Example 4
The production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled comprises the following steps:
A. conveying ceramic powder into a hopper of a press by a conveying belt, and forming into a ceramic blank by the press under the pressure of 25 MPa;
B. conveying the formed blank body to a multi-layer horizontal drying kiln, and drying for 50min in an air atmosphere at 160 ℃;
C. adding digital overglaze with viscosity of 15 mPa.s at 40 ℃, glaze required by pattern printing, decoration and protection glaze into a ceramic digital printer, and setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze to be 160g/m in the ceramic digital printer2The glazing amount of the patterns to be printed, the decorative effect and the protective glaze is 80 g/m2Sending the dried blank into a ceramic digital printer to directly print digital overglaze, patterns, decoration and protection glaze on the blank in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed blank into a kiln, firing for 50min at 1150 ℃, discharging from the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
The ceramic product produced by the process has high strength, clear pattern printed by digital code, high simulation degree, clear color gradation and low probability of occurrence of defective products.
Example 5
The production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled comprises the following steps:
A. conveying ceramic powder into a hopper of a press by a conveying belt, and forming into a ceramic blank by the press under the pressure of 90 MPa;
B. conveying the formed blank body to a multi-layer horizontal drying kiln, and drying for 50min in an air atmosphere at 190 ℃;
C. adding digital overglaze with viscosity of 15 mPas at 40 deg.C, glaze material required for printing pattern, decoration glaze, and protective glaze into a digital ceramic printer, and arranging the digital overglaze in the digital ceramic printerThe glazing amount of (2) is 140g/m2The glazing amount of the patterns to be printed, the decorative effect and the protective glaze is 50g/m2Sending the dried blank into a ceramic digital printer to directly print digital overglaze, patterns, decoration and protection glaze on the blank in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed blank into a kiln, firing for 70min at 1200 ℃, taking out of the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
The ceramic product produced by the process has high strength, clear pattern printed by digital code, high simulation degree, clear color gradation and low probability of occurrence of defective products.
Example 6
The production process of the ceramic with the glaze being digitally controlled comprises the following steps:
A. conveying ceramic powder into a hopper of a press by a conveying belt, and forming into a ceramic blank by the press under the pressure of 60 MPa;
B. conveying the formed blank body to a multi-layer horizontal drying kiln, and drying for 45min in an air atmosphere at 160 ℃;
C. adding glaze, decoration and protection glaze required by pattern printing into a ceramic digital printer, and setting the pattern to be printed, the decoration effect and the glazing amount of the protection glaze in the ceramic digital printer to be 70 g/m2Sending the dried blank into a ceramic digital printer to directly print patterns, decorations and protective glaze on the blank in sequence;
D. and (4) feeding the glazed blank into a kiln, firing for 55min at 1120 ℃, discharging from the kiln, and cooling to obtain a ceramic finished product.
The ceramic product produced by the process has high strength, clear pattern printed by digital code, high simulation degree, clear color gradation and low probability of occurrence of defective products.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A production process of ceramic with glaze application under digital control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. pressing and molding the ceramic powder into a ceramic blank;
B. conveying the molded blank body to a drying kiln for drying;
C. setting the glazing amount of the digital overglaze, the printing pattern, the decoration effect and the glazing amount of the protective glaze in a ceramic digital printer, sending the blank body dried in the step B into the ceramic digital printer, and printing the digital overglaze, the pattern, the decoration and the protective glaze on the blank body in sequence;
D. the glazed green body is sent into a kiln, sintered, taken out of the kiln and cooled to obtain a ceramic finished product;
the application amount of the overglaze in the step C is 100-200g/m2
And C, the viscosity of the overglaze in the step C is 10-20mPa & s at 40 ℃.
2. The process for producing a digitally controlled glazed ceramic according to claim 1 wherein the green compact pressure in step a is between 25MPa and 90 MPa.
3. The process for producing ceramic with digitally controlled glazing as claimed in claim 1 wherein the shaped body of step B is dried in an air atmosphere of 150-200 ℃ for 40-50 min.
4. The process for producing ceramic with digitally controlled glazing as claimed in claim 1 wherein the amount of protective glaze applied in step C is 40-120g/m2
5. The process for producing ceramic with digitally controlled glazing as claimed in claim 1 wherein the firing temperature of the glazed body in step D is 1100-1220 ℃ and the firing time is 30-70 min.
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CN108544647A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-09-18 广州精陶机电设备有限公司 A kind of printing glazing integrated printer
CN108858703A (en) * 2018-05-29 2018-11-23 汤振华 A kind of automation billet surface processing method and system
CN110041103A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-07-23 东莞市唯美陶瓷工业园有限公司 A kind of process improving Ceramic Tiles glaze surface evenness
CN112500144B (en) * 2020-12-03 2022-08-16 佛山欧神诺陶瓷有限公司 Ceramic material, digital glaze-sprayed ceramic rock plate, and preparation method and application thereof
CN113305992B (en) * 2021-06-21 2022-07-08 广东家美陶瓷有限公司 Preparation method and control method of dark black full-glazed digital decorative ceramic tile
CN113636845B (en) * 2021-10-18 2021-12-14 佛山市高明贝斯特陶瓷有限公司 Preparation process for ceramic brick with texture based on digital technology

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CN103214272A (en) * 2013-04-28 2013-07-24 福建华泰集团有限公司 Ceramic inkjet glazing production method
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CN104085243A (en) * 2014-05-05 2014-10-08 刘景� Making method of vitrolite painting
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