CN107801103B - 异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法 - Google Patents

异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法 Download PDF

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CN107801103B
CN107801103B CN201610757375.1A CN201610757375A CN107801103B CN 107801103 B CN107801103 B CN 107801103B CN 201610757375 A CN201610757375 A CN 201610757375A CN 107801103 B CN107801103 B CN 107801103B
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CN107801103A (zh
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徐异凌
张文军
冯姗
陈浩
孙军
管云峰
王延峰
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Priority to KR1020187037923A priority patent/KR102271686B1/ko
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852Delays
    • H04L43/0858One way delays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64723Monitoring of network processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of network load
    • H04N21/64738Monitoring network characteristics, e.g. bandwidth, congestion level
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852Delays
    • H04L43/0864Round trip delays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2402Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/242Synchronization processes, e.g. processing of PCR [Program Clock References]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/4302Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
    • H04N21/4307Synchronising the rendering of multiple content streams or additional data on devices, e.g. synchronisation of audio on a mobile phone with the video output on the TV screen
    • H04N21/43076Synchronising the rendering of multiple content streams or additional data on devices, e.g. synchronisation of audio on a mobile phone with the video output on the TV screen of the same content streams on multiple devices, e.g. when family members are watching the same movie on different devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4622Retrieving content or additional data from different sources, e.g. from a broadcast channel and the Internet
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64746Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client
    • H04N21/64761Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/64769Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server for rate control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/80Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/85Assembly of content; Generation of multimedia applications
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    • H04N21/8547Content authoring involving timestamps for synchronizing content

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,包括:步骤一:服务端获知不同用户所处的宽带网络延时以及可用带宽信息;步骤二:服务端在收到用户请求之后,根据不同用户所处的宽带网络延时和可用带宽信息,计算出多媒体资源能够同步呈现的时刻;步骤三:服务端发送上述能同步呈现的时刻的多媒体资源,并告知客户端多媒体资源内容播放起始时间,使得不同用户的宽带内容都能同步呈现。本发明解决了异构网络传输中因网路状况不同而导致广播和宽带用户媒体资源不同步的问题。

Description

异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种信息技术领域的异构媒体网络传输方法,特别是涉及一种异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法。
背景技术
随着网络技术的日新月异,媒体呈现方式发生了翻天覆地的变化,新的媒体形式层出不穷。传统电视已不再是人们获取信息和娱乐的主要途径,更多的终端设备出现在我们面前,如连接互联网的PC、几乎人手一台的手机以及越来越普及的移动平板电脑等,这些新的产品已经在慢慢侵蚀传统电视业务的市场。多媒体业务伴随变革的移动通信和宽带无线技术的发展日益成熟,大规模的媒体融合已经成为一种必然趋势,在这个过程中,新的思路和高端产品不断出现,使用户能够便捷地接入网络,轻松地享用更丰富的媒体内容和多样化的服务。
与此同时,媒体内容的呈现将不只是简单的视频,音频,字幕,媒体类型将会越来越丰富多样。媒体来源也不只是特定的内容提供商,越来越多的制作者参与其中,包括很多个人用户同时也是内容的提供和制作者。这些来自不同提供者的内容存在着各种关联关系,为了满足不同用户的个性化需求,这些关联内容往往需要同步呈现。在此环境下,异构网络融合作为下一代网络发展的必然趋势,充分说明了未来的通信不再是某种特定的接入技术,而是多种接入技术并存、协同工作。
在异构媒体网络的环境下,终端呈现的媒体内容可同时从多个传输通道传输过来,例如广播通道和宽带通道。广播通道的媒体资源具有延迟短(基本忽略不计),带宽高且稳定的特点,而对于不同的宽带通道(WIFI,3G/4G等),带宽和网络延时都有很大的差异性。
因此对于由广播和宽带构成的异构网络媒体资源服务中,由于宽带通道网络状况的差异性,会有以下三种不同步的案例:服务端通过广播向用户推送媒体内容,如果用户请求相同媒体内容的宽带资源,则由于宽带网络的延时和带宽,会造成客户端从广播和宽带接收的内容在时间线上的不同步;服务端通过广播和宽带向用户推送相同的媒体内容,如果用户请求更换宽带资源媒体流(如不同视角、不同音频等),切换媒体流时,由于不同宽带网络延时和带宽不同,会造成终端新带宽内容和广播内容不同步;服务端通过广播和宽带向用户推送相同的媒体内容,如果在某个时刻宽带网络状况变差造成宽带通道播放不流畅,等到视频再次流畅播放时,会造成不同用户间广播和宽带的资源不同步。
因此,在新一代异构网络传输系统下如何让服务端根据网络状况自适应同步传输多媒体资源,成为一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,实现异构网络传输下服务端广播媒体和宽带媒体内容同步的机制,解决了异构网络传输中因网络状况不同而导致广播和宽带用户媒体资源不同步的问题。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题的:一种异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于,其包括以下步骤:
步骤一:服务端获知不同用户所处的宽带网络延时以及可用宽带信息;
步骤二:服务端在收到用户端请求之后,根据不同用户所处的宽带网络延时和可用宽带信息,计算出多媒体资源能够同步呈现的时刻;
步骤三:服务端发送上述能同步呈现的时刻以后的多媒体资源,并告知用户端多媒体资源内容播放起始时间,不同用户端依据相应播放起始时间同步呈现宽带内容。
优选地,所述步骤二中,针对用户所处的宽带网络延时及可用宽带不同情况,服务端在t0时刻发送tini时刻的多媒体资源以保证同步,tini为ttmp之后的第一个完整MU的起始时刻,其中:
0≤tini-ttmp<MU_duration
MU_size=MU_duration*Br
ttmp=t0+MU_size/Bb+△t
式中:t0为发送时刻,MU_size为发送的平均MU的大小,MU_duration为媒体单元时长,Br为播放多媒体资源的固定码率,Bb为宽带网络的可用带宽,△t为下行宽带网络延时,ttmp为计算所得用户端收到第一个MU的时刻。
优选地,所述步骤三中,起始发送的内容是tini时刻的多媒体资源,为使宽带和广播同步,宽带收到完整的第一个MU之后,并不立即播放,而是等到tini时刻再播放此刻的多媒体资源。
优选地,所述方法适用于异构网络媒体服务中不同的用户在某时刻向服务端请求同一个多媒体资源或者切换不同多媒体资源或者因网络多状况恶化而重新请求多媒体资源,为使该部分媒体资源内容同步呈现的情况。
本发明的积极进步效果在于:本发明服务端针对不同用户宽带网络的状况,采取自适应的接入同步媒体资源的方法,实现异构网络传输下服务端广播媒体和宽带媒体内容播放同步的机制,解决了因为不同网络状况不同带来的媒体资源不同步的问题。
附图说明
图1为本发明一实例的时序示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图给出本发明较佳实施例,以详细说明本发明的技术方案。
如今,基于异构网络的多样化终端呈现方式已成为发展的趋势。在观看高质量广播视频节目的同时,人们对于多样化的网络媒体服务的诉求也越来越高。一般来说,由广播通道过来的媒体内容有很小并且固定的延时,因此对于媒体内容的同步影响不大;而从宽带过来的媒体内容如音视频、字幕、多媒体应用等内容易受当前IP网络影响,产生较大且抖动的延时,给内容同步带来了问题。
本发明通过在网络中的相应方法,获知不同用户所处的宽带网络延时及可用带宽等信息,用来改变服务端起始传输宽带资源的起始时间,实现了异构网络下多媒体资源的同步。具体的,本发明方法步骤包括:
首先,服务端可以根据一些方法,比如通过用户端反馈过来的信令信息、通过估算测量等,获知不同用户所处的宽带网络延时以及可用带宽等信息。
其次,针对异构网络媒体服务中不同的用户在某时刻向服务端请求同一个多媒体资源或者切换不同多媒体资源或者因网络状况恶化而重新请求多媒体资源的情况,为保证该部分多媒体资源内容同步呈现,服务端在收到用户请求之后,根据不同用户所处网络的延时情况,计算出多媒体资源能够同步呈现的时刻。
最后,服务端发送能同步呈现时刻的资源并告知客户端媒体内容播放起始时间,保证不同用户的宽带部分内容都能同步呈现。
如图1所示,在一具体实施例中,具体实施如下:
步骤一:已知服务端在t0时刻收到客户端请求,不同用户群体的下行宽带网络延时△t,可用带宽Bb,视频码率Br以及独立可解媒体单元MU(media unit)时长MU_duration;
步骤二:针对用户所处的宽带网络延时及可用带宽不同情况,服务器在t0时刻发送tini时刻的多媒体资源以保证同步,tini为ttmp之后的第一个完整MU的起始时刻,其中如式(1)、式(2)、式(3):
0≤tini-ttmp<MU_duration……(1)
MU_size=MU_duration*Br……(2)
ttmp=t0+MU_size/Bb+△t……(3)
式(3)中,t0为发送时刻,MU_size为发送的平均MU的大小,具体计算见式(2),MU_duration为媒体单元时长,Br为播放多媒体资源的固定码率,Bb为宽带网络的可用带宽,△t为下行宽带网络延时,ttmp为计算所得客户端收到第一个MU的时刻;
在一优选实施方式中,上述的参数可以选择以下数值:
MU_size:0~100Mbits,较优值为30Mbits;
MU_duration:0~10s,较优值为0.5s;
Br:0~50Mbps,较优值为25Mbps;
Bb:0~1Tbps,较优值为1Mbps;
△t:0~∞,较优值为2s。
步骤三:由于起始发送的内容是tini时刻及以后的多媒体资源,为保证宽带和广播同步,宽带收到完整的第一个MU之后,并不立即播放,而是等到tini时刻及以后再发送此刻的媒体内容。
下面给出多媒体资源同步的具体事例(用户端请求和服务端告知用户端方式不限,以下均以信令方式为例,信令基于MMT协议):
当用户正在观看奥运直播节目,由于精彩众多,观众口不一,因此节目方专为观众拍摄了多角度视频,供观众选择。
虽然此刻观众在看主节目的同时,还在小画面中观看某个运动员的特写表现,可是该运动员的比赛很快就结束了,观众想立刻更换角度收看另一运动员的身姿,于是观众向服务端发送请求,该请求信令应包含网络延时network_delay和可用宽带信息network_bandwidth,请求消息request_message如下表1:
表1
Figure BDA0001098900370000061
t0=18:00:00服务端收到了请求,其中△t=2s,Bb=512Kbit/s。视频码率和独立可解媒体单元时长从视频资源中可获知,Br=16482Kbit/s,MU_duration=0.5s。
MU_size=MU_duration*Br=0.5*16482=8241bits
△T=MU_size/Bb+△t=8241/512+2=16.10s
ttmp=t0+△T=18:00:1610
tini=18:00:1641
服务端在t0=18:00:00时刻发送tini=18:00:1641的资源,发送资源的同时,服务端需发送一个下行信令告知客户端发送的第一个独立可解媒体资源的序号来通知用户播放的时间,响应消息response_message如下:
表2
Figure BDA0001098900370000071
客户端根据信令中已知的第一个媒体资源序列查表获知时间信息timestamp=18:00:1641和大小MU_size=33Mbits,当前客户端收到资源的时刻为18:00:1610,缓存当前媒体单元,等到18:00:1641再播放该资源。
至此,用户就能在广播和点播同步下看到不同视角的另一运动员的身姿了,从而很好地解决了异构网络传输中因网络状况不同而导致广播和宽带用户媒体资源不同步的问题。
以上所述的具体实施例,对本发明的解决的技术问题、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明,所应理解的是,以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

1.一种异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于,其包括以下步骤:
步骤一:服务端获知不同用户所处的宽带网络延时以及可用宽带信息;
步骤二:服务端在收到用户端请求之后,根据不同用户所处的宽带网络延时和可用宽带信息,计算出多媒体资源能够同步呈现的时刻;
步骤三:服务端发送上述能同步呈现的时刻以后的多媒体资源,并告知用户端多媒体资源内容播放起始时间,不同用户端依据播放起始时间同步呈现宽带内容;
所述步骤二中,针对用户所处的宽带网络延时△t及可用带宽Bb不同情况,服务端在t0时刻发送tini时刻的多媒体资源以保证同步,其中tini为ttmp之后的第一个完整独立可解媒体资源MU的起始时刻,其中:
0≤tini-ttmp<MU_duration
MU_size=MU_duration*Br
ttmp=t0+MU_size/Bb+△t
式中:t0为发送时刻,MU_size为发送的平均MU的大小,MU_duration为媒体单元时长,Br为播放多媒体资源的固定码率,Bb为宽带网络的可用带宽,△t为下行宽带网络延时,ttmp为计算所得用户端收到第一个独立可解媒体资源MU的时刻。
2.根据权利要求1所述的异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于:
所述MU_size取值为:0~100Mbits;
所述MU_duration取值为:0~10s;
所述Br取值为:0~50Mbps;
所述Bb取值为:0~1Tbps;
所述△t取值为:0~∞。
3.根据权利要求2所述的异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于:
所述MU_size取值为:30Mbits;
所述MU_duration取值为:0.5s;
所述Br取值为:25Mbps;
所述Bb取值为:1Mbps;
所述△t取值为:2s。
4.根据权利要求1所述的异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中,服务端起始发送的内容是tini时刻以后的多媒体资源,为使宽带和广播同步,用户端通过宽带收到完整的第一个MU之后,并不立即播放,而是等到tini时刻再播放此刻的多媒体资源。
5.根据权利要求1所述的异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于,所述服务端发送多媒体资源的同时,发送一个下行信令告知用户端发送的第一个独立可解媒体资源的序号来通知用户播放的时间。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的异构网络下基于网络状况的多媒体资源自适应同步方法,其特征在于,所述方法适用于异构网络媒体服务中不同的用户在某时刻向服务端请求同一个多媒体资源或者切换不同多媒体资源或者因网络多状况恶化而重新请求多媒体资源,为使所请求的媒体资源内容同步呈现的情况。
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