CN107796645B - Method for testing gas detonation wave-absorbing effect of cavity structure - Google Patents
Method for testing gas detonation wave-absorbing effect of cavity structure Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
- G01N25/54—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility by determining explosibility
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the detonation wave-absorbing effect of a cavity structure on gas. A pipeline, a flange plate, a bolt and a nut, a cavity, a pressure sensor, a flame sensor, an electrode, an alternating current power supply, a vacuum pump, a digital vacuum meter, a high-purity methane gas cylinder, an air compressor, a circulating pump, a pressure gas valve, an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve, a second circulating valve, an accelerating sheet, a diaphragm, a steel sheet, a dynamic data collector, a high-speed camera and an upper computer are connected into a test system to carry out a test; wherein, the material of cavity is high strength transparent organic glass, and cavity one end is the cone angle structure of contained angle 120 ~ 160, and the acceleration piece sets up 3 ~ 6 pieces in premixing acceleration section, and high-speed camera appearance is at least 10 per second5And (5) frame. The invention can research the propagation speed of shock wave, the propagation speed of flame and the attenuation rule of impact strength before and after the gas detonation passes through the cavity structure, and explore the wave absorption effect of the cavity structure on the gas detonation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of coal mine gas disaster prevention and control, in particular to a method for testing a cavity structure on a gas detonation wave absorption effect.
Background
According to the prediction, the proportion of coal for energy consumption of China is still not lower than 50% by 2050, however, with the continuous increase of the coal mining depth, a series of problems occur in the coal mining process, wherein the typical problem is that the gas pressure is continuously increased. In the serious coal mine accidents in China over the years, the gas explosion accident rate is always high, for example, more than one hundred people in the last time occur in 21 days in 11 months in 2009 in 21 days in Ringjiang province and Ringgang city, 108 miners are caused to be in distress, and the serious loss and the serious influence are brought to the country and the society. The coal mine gas explosion is an explosive chain oxidation reaction which can be caused after the coal mine underground gas is enriched to a gas explosion concentration range and meets fire; in the process of spreading, when the local part meets obstacles such as supporting facilities such as a hydraulic support in the underground coal mine, roadway branches and corners, electrical equipment, a mine car, an air door and the like, turbulence is increased, flame generates folds and entrainment to promote the increase of combustion surface area, flame spreading speed is further increased, and when the factors promoting combustion such as the obstacles and the like are enough, the turbulence is continuously increased, the flame spreading speed is also continuously increased, so that a flame front surface follows a precursor pressure wave, the flame front surface and the precursor pressure wave front surface are superposed to form detonation waves, and finally, a huge destructive effect is generated. Therefore, it is necessary to develop research on inhibition of propagation of detonation formed by gas explosion, which is of great significance to reduce huge casualties and property loss caused by gas explosion in coal mines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for testing the detonation wave-absorbing effect of a cavity structure on gas detonation, which can research the wave-absorbing performance of the cavity structure on the gas detonation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for testing the detonation wave-absorbing effect of a cavity structure on gas comprises the following steps:
(1) connecting a pipeline, a flange plate, a bolt nut, a cavity, a pressure sensor, a flame sensor, an electrode, an alternating current power supply, a vacuum pump, a digital vacuum meter, a high-purity methane gas cylinder, an air compressor, a circulating pump, a pressure gas valve, an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve, a second circulating valve, an accelerating sheet, a steel sheet, a dynamic data collector, a high-speed camera and an upper computer into a test system, and adding a membrane to divide the test system into a premixing accelerating section and an impact propagation section;
the material of the cavity is high-strength transparent organic glass, one end of the cavity is of a cone angle structure with an included angle of 120-160 degrees so as to promote reflected wave absorption, and the height of the cavity is equal to that of the cavityThe diameter of the pipeline, the length of the cavity is 1.5-5 times of the diameter of the pipeline, and the distance between the cavity and the diaphragm is at least 2 m; the diameter of the pipeline is 200 mm; the accelerating sheets are of a circular ring structure, the diameter of an inner ring is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the pipeline, 3-6 accelerating sheets are arranged in the premixing accelerating section to realize stable detonation, and the distance between every two accelerating sheets is at least 50 cm; the diaphragm is made of polyethylene material, the thickness of the diaphragm is 0.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the diaphragm is 1-3 cm larger than the diameter of the pipeline; the two pressure sensors and the two flame sensors are respectively arranged in front of and behind the cavity, the distance between the two pressure sensors is 3-10 cm, and the distance between the two flame sensors is 3-10 cm; the electrodes are two metal rods, one end of each metal rod is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other end of each metal rod is connected with a fuse wire; the alternating current power supply is 24-48V alternating current; the high-speed camera is positioned at one side of the cavity, the distance between the high-speed camera and the cavity is at least 1m, and the high-speed camera is at least 10 per second5Frames to capture shock evolution and annihilation details;
(2) sequentially opening a pressure air valve and an air compressor, keeping the closing states of an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, checking the air tightness of a premixing acceleration section, and sequentially closing the air compressor and the pressure air valve after determining that the premixing acceleration section is air-tight;
(3) opening a digital vacuum meter and an air suction valve, keeping the closing states of a pressure air valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, and opening a vacuum pump for vacuumizing; after the vacuum degree required by the test is reached, the vacuum pump is closed, the gas inlet valve and the high-purity methane gas cylinder are opened for methane gas distribution, and after the test required volume fraction methane gas is filled, the high-purity methane gas cylinder and the gas inlet valve are sequentially closed;
(4) after the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve are opened, the circulating pump is opened to carry out premixing and stirring on methane and air in the premixing acceleration section, the circulating pump is closed after the circulating pump works for 10-20 min, and then the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve are closed; after the mixed gas in the premixing acceleration section is checked to be at the atmospheric pressure, the air suction valve and the digital vacuum meter are closed;
(5) starting a dynamic data collector and a high-speed camera, starting data collection software and high-speed camera software in an upper computer, setting triggering parameters of a pressure sensor and a flame sensor, enabling the dynamic data collector to be in a collection to-be-triggered state, and setting a triggering mode of the high-speed camera as internal triggering;
(6) keeping the closing state of the air pressing valve, the air suction valve, the air inlet valve, the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve, starting an alternating current power supply to ignite the electrode, breaking a diaphragm by explosion shock waves and then transmitting the explosion shock waves along an impact transmission section, triggering a dynamic data collector to collect pressure data and flame data, and triggering a high-speed camera to take a picture of the situation that the shock waves pass through a cavity; the upper computer stores data information acquired by the pressure sensor and the flame sensor and data information shot by the high-speed camera;
(7) taking down a steel sheet, keeping the closing states of an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, sequentially opening a pressure valve and an air compressor, performing positive pressure purging on a premixing accelerating section and an impact propagation section, removing internal waste gas, and sequentially closing the air compressor and the pressure valve after 20-30 min;
(8) cutting off all power supplies or replacing the fuse wire between the membrane and the electrode and then carrying out the next test according to (2) to (7);
(9) the law of the cavity on the wave absorption action of the gas detonation is found by analyzing and processing the pressure data information, the flame data information and the camera data information stored in the upper computer.
Further, the step (6), the step (7), and the step (8) may be changed to:
(6) taking down a steel sheet, keeping the closing states of a pressure air valve, an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, starting an alternating current power supply to ignite an electrode, breaking a diaphragm by an explosion shock wave and then propagating along an impact propagation section, triggering a dynamic data acquisition unit to acquire pressure data and flame data, and triggering a high-speed camera to take a picture of the situation that the shock wave passes through a cavity; the upper computer stores data information acquired by the pressure sensor and the flame sensor and data information shot by the high-speed camera;
(7) sequentially opening a gas pressing valve and an air compressor in sequence, carrying out positive pressure purging on the premixing accelerating section and the impact propagation section to remove internal waste gas, sequentially closing the air compressor and the gas pressing valve in sequence after 20-30 min, and installing a steel sheet;
(8) after all power was cut off or the fuse between the membrane and the electrode was replaced, the next test was performed as in (2) to (7).
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can research the propagation rule of detonation waves formed by gas explosion, the evolution rule of flame of gas explosion, the propagation speed of shock waves before and after the detonation waves pass through the cavity structure and the attenuation rule of the propagation speed of flame, can research the wave absorption effect of the cavity structure under the closed condition (keeping the closed state of the steel sheet) and the open condition (taking down the steel sheet), and provides technical support for exploring measures for reducing gas explosion in coal mines.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the test system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the acceleration plate, diaphragm and steel plate.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of an acceleration sheet.
Wherein: 1-a pipeline; 2-a flange plate; 3-bolt and nut; 4-a cavity; 5-a pressure sensor; 6-a flame sensor; 7-an electrode; 8-alternating current power supply; 9-a vacuum pump; 10-digital vacuum gauge; 11-high purity methane cylinder; 12-an air compressor; 13-a circulation pump; 14-a gas pressing valve; 15-an inhalation valve; 16-an air inlet valve; 17-a first circulation valve; 18-a second circulation valve; 19-an accelerator tab; 20-a membrane; 21-steel sheet; 22-dynamic data collector; 23-high speed camera; and 24-an upper computer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the figures and examples.
As an embodiment, a method for testing the detonation wave-absorbing effect of a cavity structure on gas includes the following steps:
(1) as shown in figure 1, a pipeline 1, a flange 2, a bolt and a nut 3, a cavity 4, a pressure sensor 5, a flame sensor 6, an electrode 7, an alternating current power supply 8, a vacuum pump 9, a digital vacuum meter 10, a high-purity methane gas cylinder 11, an air compressor 12, a circulating pump 13, a pressure gas valve 14 and an air suction valve 1 are arranged in the vacuum chamber5. An air inlet valve 16, a first circulating valve 17, a second circulating valve 18, an accelerating sheet 19, a steel sheet 21, a dynamic data collector 22, a high-speed camera 23 and an upper computer 24 are connected to form a test system, and a diaphragm 20 is added to divide the test system into a premixing accelerating section and an impact propagation section; the material of the cavity 4 is high-strength transparent organic glass, one end of the cavity 4 is a cone angle structure with an included angle of 120-160 degrees to promote reflected wave absorption, the height of the cavity 4 is equal to the diameter of the pipeline 1, the length of the cavity 4 is 1.5-5 times of the diameter of the pipeline 1, and the distance between the cavity 4 and the diaphragm 20 is at least 2 m; the diameter of the pipeline 1 is 200 mm; the accelerating sheets 19 are of a circular ring structure, the diameter of an inner ring is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of the pipeline 1, 3-6 accelerating sheets 19 are arranged in the premixing accelerating section to realize stable detonation, and the distance between every two accelerating sheets 19 is at least 50 cm; the diaphragm 20 is made of polyethylene material, the thickness of the diaphragm 20 is 0.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the diaphragm 20 is 1-3 cm larger than the diameter of the pipeline; the two pressure sensors 5 and the two flame sensors 6 are respectively arranged in front of and behind the cavity, the distance between the two pressure sensors 5 is 3-10 cm, and the distance between the two flame sensors 6 is 3-10 cm; the electrodes 7 are two metal rods, one end of each metal rod is connected with an alternating current power supply 8, and the other end of each metal rod is connected with a fuse; the alternating current power supply 8 is 24-48V alternating current so as to ensure the safety and reliability of an ignition power supply; the high-speed camera 23 is positioned at one side of the cavity 4, the distance between the high-speed camera 23 and the cavity 4 is at least 1m, and the high-speed camera 23 is at least 10 per second5Frames to capture shock evolution and annihilation details;
(2) sequentially opening the air pressing valve 14 and the air compressor 12 in sequence, keeping the closing states of the air suction valve 15, the air inlet valve 16, the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18, checking the air tightness of the premixing acceleration section, and sequentially closing the air compressor 12 and the air pressing valve 14 after determining that the premixing acceleration section is air-tight;
(3) opening the digital vacuum meter 10 and the air suction valve 15, keeping the closing states of the air compression valve 14, the air inlet valve 16, the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18, and starting the vacuum pump 9 for vacuumizing; after the vacuum degree required by the test is reached, the vacuum pump 9 is closed, the gas inlet valve 16 and the high-purity methane gas cylinder 11 are opened for methane gas distribution, and after the volume fraction methane gas required by the test is filled, the high-purity methane gas cylinder 11 and the gas inlet valve 16 are sequentially closed;
(4) after the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18 are started, the circulating pump 13 is started to carry out premixing stirring on methane and air in the premixing acceleration section, the circulating pump 13 is closed after the circulating pump 13 works for 10-20 min, and then the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18 are closed; after the mixed gas in the premixing acceleration section is checked to be at the atmospheric pressure, the air suction valve 15 and the digital vacuum meter 10 are closed;
(5) starting the dynamic data acquisition unit 22 and the high-speed camera 23, starting data acquisition software and high-speed camera software in the upper computer 24, setting triggering parameters of the pressure sensor 5 and the flame sensor 6, enabling the dynamic data acquisition unit 22 to be in an acquisition to-be-triggered state, and setting a triggering mode of the high-speed camera 23 as internal triggering;
(6) keeping the closing state of the pressure air valve 14, the air suction valve 15, the air inlet valve 16, the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18, starting the alternating current power supply 8 to ignite the electrode 7, breaking the diaphragm 20 by explosion shock waves and propagating along the shock propagation section, triggering the dynamic data acquisition unit 22 to acquire pressure data and flame data, and triggering the high-speed camera 23 to shoot the situation that the shock waves pass through the cavity; the upper computer 24 stores data information acquired by the pressure sensor 5 and the flame sensor 6 and data information shot by the high-speed camera 23;
(7) taking down the steel sheet 21, keeping the closing states of the air suction valve 15, the air inlet valve 16, the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18, sequentially opening the air pressing valve 14 and the air compressor 12, performing positive pressure purging on the premixed acceleration section and the impact propagation section, removing internal waste gas, and sequentially closing the air compressor 12 and the air pressing valve 14 after 20-30 min;
(8) cutting off all power supplies or replacing the fuse wire between the diaphragm 20 and the electrode 7 and then carrying out the next test according to (2) - (7);
(9) the law of the cavity 4 on the wave absorption action of the gas detonation is found by analyzing and processing the pressure data information, the flame data information and the camera data information stored in the upper computer 24.
According to the steps, the research of the cavity structure on the gas detonation wave absorption effect under the condition of the closed-mouth test can be developed, and in addition, in order to develop the research under the condition of the open-mouth test, the step (6), the step (7) and the step (8) can be changed into the following steps:
(6) taking down the steel sheet 21, keeping the closing state of the air compression valve 14, the air suction valve 15, the air inlet valve 16, the first circulating valve 17 and the second circulating valve 18, starting the alternating current power supply 8 to ignite the electrode 7, enabling the explosion shock wave to break through the diaphragm 20 and then propagate along the shock propagation section, triggering the dynamic data acquisition device 22 to acquire pressure data and flame data, and triggering the high-speed camera 23 to take a picture of the situation that the shock wave passes through the cavity; the upper computer 24 stores data information acquired by the pressure sensor 5 and the flame sensor 6 and data information shot by the high-speed camera 23;
(7) sequentially opening a pressure air valve 14 and an air compressor 12 in sequence, performing positive pressure purging on a premixing acceleration section and an impact propagation section to remove internal waste gas, sequentially closing the air compressor 12 and the pressure air valve 14 after 20-30 min, and installing a steel sheet 21;
(8) after all the power is cut off or the fuse between the diaphragm 20 and the electrode 7 is replaced, the next test is performed as in (2) to (7).
Finally, it should be noted that the above mentioned embodiments are only technical solutions of the present invention, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention, and modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the related technical personnel according to the technical solutions of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for testing the detonation wave-absorbing effect of a cavity structure on gas is characterized by comprising the following steps: connecting a pipeline, a flange plate, a bolt nut, a cavity, a pressure sensor, a flame sensor, an electrode, an alternating current power supply, a vacuum pump, a digital vacuum meter, a high-purity methane gas cylinder, an air compressor, a circulating pump, a pressure gas valve, an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve, a second circulating valve, an accelerating sheet, a steel sheet, a dynamic data collector, a high-speed camera and an upper computer into a test system, and adding a membrane to divide the test system into a premixing accelerating section and an impact propagation section; the material of the cavity is high-strength transparent organic glass, one end of the cavity is in a cone angle structure with an included angle of 120-160 degrees, the height of the cavity is equal to the diameter of the pipeline, the length of the cavity is 1.5-5 times of the diameter of the pipeline, and the distance between the cavity and the diaphragm is at least 2 m; the diameter of the pipeline is 200 mm; the accelerating pieces are of a circular ring structure, the diameter of an inner ring is 1/3-1/2 of the diameter of a pipeline, 3-6 accelerating pieces are arranged in the premixing accelerating section, and the distance between every two accelerating pieces is at least 50 cm; the diaphragm is made of polyethylene material, the thickness of the diaphragm is 0.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the diaphragm is 1-3 cm larger than the diameter of the pipeline; the two pressure sensors and the two flame sensors are respectively arranged in front of and behind the cavity, the distance between the two pressure sensors is 3-10 cm, and the distance between the two flame sensors is 3-10 cm; the electrodes are two metal rods, one end of each metal rod is connected with an alternating current power supply, and the other end of each metal rod is connected with a fuse wire; the alternating current power supply is 24-48V alternating current; the high-speed camera is positioned on one side of the cavity, the distance between the high-speed camera and the cavity is at least 1m, and the high-speed camera is at least 105 frames per second; characterized in that the method further comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially opening a pressure air valve and an air compressor, keeping the closing states of an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, checking the air tightness of a premixing acceleration section, and sequentially closing the air compressor and the pressure air valve after determining that the premixing acceleration section is air-tight;
(2) opening a digital vacuum meter and an air suction valve, keeping the closing states of a pressure air valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, and opening a vacuum pump for vacuumizing; after the vacuum degree required by the test is reached, the vacuum pump is closed, the gas inlet valve and the high-purity methane gas cylinder are opened for methane gas distribution, and after the test required volume fraction methane gas is filled, the high-purity methane gas cylinder and the gas inlet valve are sequentially closed;
(3) after the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve are opened, the circulating pump is opened to carry out premixing and stirring on methane and air in the premixing acceleration section, the circulating pump is closed after the circulating pump works for 10-20 min, and then the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve are closed; after the mixed gas in the premixing acceleration section is checked to be at the atmospheric pressure, the air suction valve and the digital vacuum meter are closed;
(4) starting a dynamic data collector and a high-speed camera, starting data collection software and high-speed camera software in an upper computer, setting triggering parameters of a pressure sensor and a flame sensor, enabling the dynamic data collector to be in a collection to-be-triggered state, and setting a triggering mode of the high-speed camera as internal triggering;
(5) keeping the closing state of the air pressing valve, the air suction valve, the air inlet valve, the first circulating valve and the second circulating valve, starting an alternating current power supply to ignite the electrode, breaking a diaphragm by explosion shock waves and then transmitting the explosion shock waves along an impact transmission section, triggering a dynamic data collector to collect pressure data and flame data, and triggering a high-speed camera to take a picture of the situation that the shock waves pass through a cavity; the upper computer stores data information acquired by the pressure sensor and the flame sensor and data information shot by the high-speed camera;
(6) taking down a steel sheet, keeping the closing states of an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, sequentially opening a pressure valve and an air compressor, performing positive pressure purging on a premixing accelerating section and an impact propagation section, removing internal waste gas, and sequentially closing the air compressor and the pressure valve after 20-30 min;
(7) cutting off all power supplies or replacing the fuse wire between the membrane and the electrode and then carrying out the next test according to the steps (1) to (6);
(8) the law of the cavity on the wave absorption action of the gas detonation is found by analyzing and processing the pressure data information, the flame data information and the camera data information stored in the upper computer.
2. The method for testing the detonation wave-absorbing effect of the cavity structure on the gas according to claim 1, wherein the steps (5), (6) and (7) are convertible into:
(5) taking down a steel sheet, keeping the closing states of a pressure air valve, an air suction valve, an air inlet valve, a first circulating valve and a second circulating valve, starting an alternating current power supply to ignite an electrode, breaking a diaphragm by an explosion shock wave and then propagating along an impact propagation section, triggering a dynamic data acquisition unit to acquire pressure data and flame data, and triggering a high-speed camera to take a picture of the situation that the shock wave passes through a cavity; the upper computer stores data information acquired by the pressure sensor and the flame sensor and data information shot by the high-speed camera;
(6) sequentially opening a gas pressing valve and an air compressor in sequence, carrying out positive pressure purging on the premixing accelerating section and the impact propagation section to remove internal waste gas, sequentially closing the air compressor and the gas pressing valve in sequence after 20-30 min, and installing a steel sheet;
(7) after all power was cut off or the fuse between the membrane and the electrode was replaced, the next test was performed as in (1) to (6).
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| CN109827996A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-31 | 北京石油化工学院 | Sewage network flammable gas explosion communication process test device and method |
| CN110568015A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽理工大学 | Gas explosion characteristic parameter testing device |
| CN110568217B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2021-11-23 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Device and method for testing propagation speed of combustion-detonation wave front |
| CN111982759B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-08-22 | 北京理工大学 | Explosive wave loading experimental device |
| CN111982760B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-07-25 | 北京理工大学 | Detonation wave loading experimental device |
| CN112611271A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Cloud detonation capacity measuring method |
| CN113325034B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-06-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Test system and test method for coal mine gas and coal dust explosion |
| CN114414626B (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-11-03 | 安徽理工大学 | Combustible gas detonation drive generator for high-speed loading |
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