CN107794398A - Containing the highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium - Google Patents
Containing the highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium Download PDFInfo
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- CN107794398A CN107794398A CN201711235212.8A CN201711235212A CN107794398A CN 107794398 A CN107794398 A CN 107794398A CN 201711235212 A CN201711235212 A CN 201711235212A CN 107794398 A CN107794398 A CN 107794398A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium.By weight percentage, alloy composition is：Mg:1.5‑3.0wt.%,Hf:0.2‑0.8wt.%,Re:0.2‑1.4wt.%,Sn:1.2‑1.4wt.%,Al:1.0‑1.5wt.%,Co:0.4‑0.5wt.%,Ag:0.2‑0.8wt.%,Si:0.2‑0.4wt.%,Ge:0.1 0.2wt.%, B:0.2 0.5wt.%, surplus are palladium.Relative to conventional electrical contacts palldium alloy, the material has excellent mechanical performance and high conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, is related to a kind of palladium magnesium alloy.
Background technology
Contact material is one of important materials in electric current transmission and transfer process.Contact material is to prepare electric power, electricity
Switching control and load current electrical equipment in device circuit（Such as switch, relay, starter and instrument and meter）Critical material.
It is mainly used in the current-carrying connecting terminal that can be disconnected between two conductors.The performance of these electrical contact elements directly affects electric transducer
The reliability of part and whole instrument and meter, stability, precision and service life.Therefore, electronic instrument is to high-precision and micro-
Typeization develops, and just proposes higher requirement to the performance of electrical contact element：With excellent electric conductivity, small and stabilization contact
Resistance, high chemical stability, wearability and arc resistant scaling loss ability.
Noble metal contact material and can often nourish above-mentioned advantage, particularly can more be shown under light load and small contact
Its superiority.The noble metal contact material being widely used at present is mainly answering for silver, gold, platinum, palldium alloy, and these alloys
Condensation material and precious metal plating material.Silver alloy is largely used to moderate duty or heavy burden charge electric appliance, and Smaller load electrical contact element makes
With it is more be platinum alloy, palldium alloy, billon.The density of palladium is small, cheap, chemical stability is slightly inferior to platinum, has good
Sulfuration resistant performance, corrosion resistance and wearability, often can be as the substitute of platinum.Palladium base contactor material is mainly used as light current and connect
Point, have the advantages that corrosion resistance is strong, electrical contact is reliable.
Oneself the external electrical conductivity of the material palldium alloy of the novel electrical contact through exploitation can't be satisfactory, could not exceed
30%IACS, it is impossible to meet the requirement of modern industry and component to palladium base contact material conductance and other performance.Exploitation tool
Standby property palldium alloy has two methods, and one kind is to add alloying element to strengthen matrix by solution strengthening, and another kind is
Auri composite is mutually formed by adding second-phase strength.Magnesium is added in palldium alloy as alloy element and can greatly improved
The elastic performance of billon, electric conductivity and other performance.Develop Novel Palladium base alloy as electric contact material has turned into inevitable.
Redox reaction occurs for the oxygen and nitrogen that palladium magnesium alloy magnesium in fusion process is easy in same surrounding atmosphere, and
The oxide and nitride of generation are very loose, it is impossible to prevent the further reaction of alloy liquid and extraneous medium, cause palladium magnesium
The continued oxidation of active element, scaling loss in alloy, significantly limit the commercial Application of such alloy.Palladium magnesium alloy melting process
Key be exactly fire-retardant, this is that chemism when being melted by magnesium determines.Typically argon gas is used during palladium magnesium alloy smelting
Protect to carry out melting, but process is more, somewhat expensive and low production efficiency.The melting of palladium magnesium alloy can also be covered using flux
Cover to protect, such as the villaumite of low melting point.But magnesium and most of alloying element are all the very strong elements of activity, can not be kept away
Reacted with villaumite in flux and cause to lose with exempting from, the addition of this necessary increasing alloying element of making use of momentum so that billon
Production cost improve.Moreover, flux salt because its density is big, can be settled constantly with the extension of time, therefore covering effect is not
Can persistently, and portion of flux remains in palladium magnesium alloy fused mass as slag and forms field trash, reduces the power of palladium magnesium alloy
Learn performance.In addition, the gas that the anti-burning method of gas shield is commonly used is SF6, but SF6 is a kind of very strong generation greenhouse effects
Gas, environmental quality is examined closely again in the mankind and the whole world is just to reduce today of greenhouse effects and unremitting effort, SF6 protections are molten
Refining technology receives huge challenge.
Solve palladium magnesium alloy in an atmosphere melting when to produce another approach of burning be to add alloy into palladium magnesium alloy
Element, fire-retardant purpose is reached by the method for alloying.Its mechanism of alloying ignition-proof method is added during palladium magnesium alloy smelting
Add specific alloying element to influence the thermodynamics and dynamics process of alloy oxidation, form the dense oxide with protective effect
Film and nitride film, reach the purpose for preventing alloy vigorous oxidation and nitridation.And oxygen of the palladium magnesium alloy during following process
The tendency for changing burning substantially reduces, so as to improve the process safety of billon.But as a kind of structural material, only have
Fire resistance during melting can far can not meet requirement, it is often more important that final palladium magnesium-alloy material will also be gathered around simultaneously
There is gratifying mechanical strength, mechanical property and the electric conductivity that can at least reach conventional palladium magnesium alloy are horizontal.Thus such as
The content of various alloying elements is where balanced in palladium magnesium alloy, prepares conduction that is fire-retardant under atmospheric environment, and possessing excellent
And mechanical property, be current palladium magnesium alloy a urgent problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can be under 1600-1650 degree atmospheric conditions
Carry out contact material highly conductive high-strength Pd-Mg-Hf palladiums magnesium alloy and its processing technology of melting.And melted in this temperature range
The alloy final products of refining have the high conductivity and high intensity possessed required for palladium base contact material.This method also has life
Production cost is low, the characteristics of being easy to mass produce.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
One kind has the melting Pd-Mg-Hf palladium magnesium alloys between 1600-1650 degree.By weight percentage, the composition of alloy
For：Mg:1.5-3.0wt.%, Hf:0.2-0.8wt.%,Re:0.2-1.4wt.%,Sn:1.2-1.4wt.%,Al:1.0-
1.5wt.%,Co:0.4-0.5wt.%,Ag:0.2-0.8wt.%,Si:0.2-0.4wt.%,Ge:0.1-0.2wt.%, B:0.2-
0.5wt.%, surplus are palladium.The palladium magnesium alloy is in fusion process because the weight for volatilizing and forming the reasons such as clinker and losing exists
2.0-5.0wt.% or so.
The preparation method of above-mentioned palladium magnesium alloy, comprises the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added under atmosphere protection
Electric induction furnace in, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1600-1650 degree, and is stirred using electromagnetism
Effect is mixed to be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is incubated 10 minutes in 1600-1650 degree and is poured onto heat top same level equipment
Interior carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 8-10m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, every time
It is 5-10% to roll lower amount.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, and technique is：450 degree,
2.5 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 900 degree, 4.5 hours；Vacuum aging processing 250
Degree, 2.0 hours.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）The present situation that patent of the present invention is directed to palladium magnesium alloy under current high temperature and needs protect melting in melting provides
A kind of novel atmosphere protection solution.By the main and secondary addition element in preferred alloy, so as to effectively prevent
Burning occurs for palladium magnesium alloy under melting state and excessive Evaporation Phenomenon is entered., not only can be big by preferable alloying method
Big the shortcomings that reducing alloying element usage amount, extraordinary flame retardant effect can also be obtained and improve magnesium recovery rate, final products
The content of middle magnesium accounts for 80-90wt.% of initial magnesium addition or so.
（2）The Pd-Mg-Hf palladiums magnesium alloy that this patent proposes has extremely excellent fire resistance, Ke Yida in the quiescent state
Burnt to 5 hours are stood under atmospheric environment in 1600-1650 temperature ranges without obvious.In dynamic process,
Such as liquid alloy is stirred, blown etc. during melt treatment, after its skin covering of the surface is because being stirred vigorously destroyed, remain to
Rapid regeneration, successfully hinder the burning of alloy.Gained alloy surface oxide-film and nitride film have extraordinary plasticity and viscosity,
Alloy surface intactly can be sprawled and covered, is effectively stopped in air intrusion aluminium alloy.And the palladium magnesium alloy is in melting
The weight that Cheng Yinwei volatilizees and forms the reasons such as clinker and lose is less than 5.0wt.% or so.
（3）The Pd-Mg-Hf palladiums magnesium alloy is after magnesium is added, so that crystal grain is refined.In addition, the alloy have it is low
Liquid-solid phase solidification temperature range, can solve that hot cracking tendency is big during casting, the empty and loose substantially product yield rate of casting is low
Deng technical barrier.Smelting processing method is simple, and production cost is reduced to equipment requirement than relatively low.So that alloy service life
It is further improved, is easy to industrialize large-scale application.
（4）The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is 550-620MPa；Traditional material
Material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain 45-60 (traditional material is less than 30).Can be half
Resistance forceful electric power arc discharge is without occurring obvious material failure in hour.In addition, the material drops than the density of traditional palladium-base alloy
Low 3-6% or so.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
One kind has 1600 degree of melting highly conductive high-strength contact material Pd-Mg-Hf palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.By weight percentage
Meter, the chemical composition of alloy are：Mg:1.9wt.%, Hf:0.6wt.%,Re:0.8wt.%,Sn:1.3wt.%,Al:1.2wt.%,
Co:0.4wt.%,Ag:0.6wt.%,Si:0.3wt.%,Ge:0.1wt.%, B:0.3wt.%, surplus are palladium.The preparation side of alloy
Method：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating arrives
1600 degree, alloy solution is formed, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is incubated 10 at 1600 degree
Minute is cast in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 8m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.By ingot casting at room temperature
Deformation process is carried out, amount is 9% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing firmly
Change, technique is：450 degree, 2.5 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 900 degree, 4.5 hours；
Vacuum aging handles 250 degree, 2.0 hours.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is
580MPa；Traditional material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain 49 (traditional material is less than
30).Forceful electric power arc discharge can be resisted within half an hour without obvious material failure occurs.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces by 3.4% or so.The alloy in 1600 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 2.8wt.% or so.
Embodiment 2
One kind has 1620 degree of melting highly conductive high-strength contact material Pd-Mg-Hf palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.By weight percentage
Meter, the chemical composition of alloy are：Mg:2.5wt.%, Hf:0.4wt.%,Re:0.8wt.%,Sn:1.2wt.%,Al:1.2wt.%,
Co:0.4wt.%,Ag:0.6wt.%,Si:0.2wt.%,Ge:0.1wt.%, B:0.3wt.%, surplus are palladium.The preparation side of alloy
Method：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating arrives
1620 degree, alloy solution is formed, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is incubated 10 at 1620 degree
Minute is cast in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 10m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.By ingot casting at room temperature
Deformation process is carried out, amount is 6% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing firmly
Change, technique is：450 degree, 2.5 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 900 degree, 4.5 hours；
Vacuum aging handles 250 degree, 2.0 hours.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is
594MPa；Traditional material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain 52 (traditional material is less than
30).Forceful electric power arc discharge can be resisted within half an hour without obvious material failure occurs.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces by 4.5% or so.The alloy in 1620 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 4.1wt.% or so.
Embodiment 3
One kind has 1650 degree of melting highly conductive high-strength contact material Pd-Mg-Hf palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.By weight percentage
Meter, the chemical composition of alloy are：Mg:2.6wt.%, Hf:0.5wt.%,Re:1.2wt.%,Sn:1.3wt.%,Al:1.2wt.%,
Co:0.4wt.%,Ag:0.6wt.%,Si:0.2wt.%,Ge:0.1wt.%, B:0.2wt.%, surplus are palladium.The preparation side of alloy
Method：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating arrives
1650 degree, alloy solution is formed, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is incubated 10 at 1650 degree
Minute is cast in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting, and it is 9m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.By ingot casting at room temperature
Deformation process is carried out, amount is 10% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing
Hardening, technique are：450 degree, 2.5 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 900 degree, and 4.5 is small
When；Vacuum aging handles 250 degree, 2.0 hours.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is
604MPa；Traditional material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain 56 (traditional material is less than
30).Forceful electric power arc discharge can be resisted within half an hour without obvious material failure occurs.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces by 4.6% or so.The alloy in 1650 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material causes the raw material proportion of goods damageds due to evaporating and form clinker
It can control in 2.6wt.% or so.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, alloy Chemical composition is：Mg:1.5-3.0wt.%, Hf:0.2-0.8wt.%,Re:0.2-1.4wt.%,Sn:1.2-1.4wt.%,Al: 1.0-1.5wt.%,Co:0.4-0.5wt.%,Ag:0.2-0.8wt.%,Si:0.2-0.4wt.%,Ge:0.1-0.2wt.%, B: 0.2-0.5wt.%, surplus are palladium.
- 2. the highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system of alloy Preparation Method comprises the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses carborundum Crucible；Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect to 1600-1650 degree；It will close Golden liquid is poured onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting for 10 minutes in the insulation of 1600-1650 degree, and ingot casting moves down speed For 8-10m/min.
- 3. the highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprising as follows Procedure of processing：Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 5-10% under every time rolling；Every 3 passes need to carry out Intermediate heat-treatment is hardened to eliminate processing, and technique is：450 degree, 2.5 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is： Vacuum solid solution handles 900 degree, 4.5 hours；Vacuum aging handles 250 degree, 2.0 hours.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711235212.8A CN107794398A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Containing the highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711235212.8A CN107794398A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Containing the highly conductive high-strength contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium |
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| CN107794398A true CN107794398A (en) | 2018-03-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109161755A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-08 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | A kind of novel suitable heat dissipation occasion and antiflaming magnesium alloy and its technique based on Sn |
-
2017
- 2017-11-30 CN CN201711235212.8A patent/CN107794398A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109161755A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-08 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | A kind of novel suitable heat dissipation occasion and antiflaming magnesium alloy and its technique based on Sn |
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Application publication date: 20180313 |