CN108425030A - Containing the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium - Google Patents
Containing the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium Download PDFInfo
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- CN108425030A CN108425030A CN201711234983.5A CN201711234983A CN108425030A CN 108425030 A CN108425030 A CN 108425030A CN 201711234983 A CN201711234983 A CN 201711234983A CN 108425030 A CN108425030 A CN 108425030A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.By weight percentage, alloy composition is：Mg:2.5‑4.0wt.%,Cr:0.6‑1.8wt.%,Mo:0.6‑1.8wt.%,Al:1.0‑1.8wt.%,Ag:0.2‑0.8wt.%,Fe:0.4‑0.5wt.%,In:0.2‑0.6wt.%,Si:0.2‑0.5wt.%,B:0.2 0.5wt.%, surplus are palladium.Relative to conventional electrical contacts palldium alloy, which has excellent mechanical performance, high conductivity and strong corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to a kind of palladium magnesium alloy.
Background technology
Contact material is one of electric current transmission and important materials in transfer process.Contact material is to prepare electric power, electricity
Switching control and load current electric appliance in device circuit（Such as switch, relay, starter and instrument and meter）Critical material.
It is mainly used for the current-carrying connecting terminal that can be disconnected between two conductors.The performance of these electrical contact elements directly affects electric transducer
The reliability of part and entire instrument and meter, stability, precision and service life.Therefore, electronic instrument to high-precision and it is micro-
Typeization develops, and just to the performance of electrical contact element, more stringent requirements are proposed：With excellent electric conductivity, small and stabilization contact
Resistance, high chemical stability, wearability and arc resistant scaling loss ability.
Noble metal contact material often can and nourish above-mentioned advantage, especially can more be shown under light load and small contact
Its superiority.The noble metal contact material being widely used at present is mainly answering for silver, gold, platinum, palldium alloy and these alloys
Condensation material and precious metal plating material.Silver alloy is largely used to moderate duty or heavy burden charge electric appliance, and Smaller load electrical contact element makes
With it is more be platinum alloy, palldium alloy, billon.The density of palladium is small, cheap, chemical stability is slightly inferior to platinum, has good
Sulfuration resistant performance, corrosion resistance and wearability, often can be used as the substitute of platinum.Palladium base contactor material is mainly used as light current and connects
Point has many advantages, such as that corrosion resistance is strong, electrical contact is reliable.
Oneself the external conductivity of the material palldium alloy of the novel electrical contact through exploitation can't be satisfactory, could not be more than
30%IACS cannot meet the requirement of modern industry and component to palladium base contact material conductivity and other performance.Exploitation tool
There are two types of methods for standby property palldium alloy, and one is alloying element is added to strengthen matrix by solution strengthening, another kind is
Auri composite material is mutually formed by the way that second-phase strength is added.Magnesium is added in palldium alloy as alloy element and can greatly improve
The elastic property of billon, electric conductivity and other performance.Exploitation Novel Palladium base alloy as electric contact material has become certainty.
Redox reaction occurs for the oxygen and nitrogen that palladium magnesium alloy magnesium in fusion process is easy in same surrounding atmosphere, and
The oxide and nitride of generation are very loose, and alloy liquid cannot be prevented to be reacted with the further of extraneous medium, cause palladium magnesium
The continued oxidation of active element, scaling loss in alloy, significantly limit the commercial Application of such alloy.Palladium magnesium alloy melting process
Key be exactly fire-retardant, this is that chemism when being melted by magnesium determines.Argon gas is generally used during palladium magnesium alloy smelting
It protects to carry out melting, but process is more, somewhat expensive and low production efficiency.The melting of palladium magnesium alloy can also be covered using flux
Lid is protected, for example, low melting point villaumite.But magnesium and most of alloying element are all the very strong elements of activity, can not be kept away
It reacts with villaumite in flux and causes to lose with exempting from, this necessary addition for increasing alloying element of making use of momentum so that billon
Increased production cost.Moreover, flux salt, since its density is big, extension at any time can be settled constantly, therefore covering effect is not
Can persistently, and portion of flux remains in palladium magnesium alloy fused mass as slag and forms field trash, reduces the power of palladium magnesium alloy
Learn performance.In addition, the common gas of anti-burning method of gas shield is SF6, but SF6 is a kind of very strong generation greenhouse effects
Gas examines environmental quality closely in the mankind and the whole world is just being the today for reducing greenhouse effects and unremitting effort again, and SF6 protections are molten
Refining technology receives huge challenge.
Solve palladium magnesium alloy in an atmosphere melting when to generate another approach of burning be to add alloy into palladium magnesium alloy
Element reaches fire-retardant purpose by the method for alloying.Its mechanism of alloying ignition-proof method is added during palladium magnesium alloy smelting
Add specific alloying element to influence the thermodynamics and dynamics process of alloy oxidation, forms the dense oxide with protective effect
Film and nitride film achieve the purpose that prevent alloy vigorous oxidation and nitridation.And oxygen of palladium magnesium alloy during following process
The tendency for changing burning substantially reduces, to improve the process safety of billon.But as a kind of structural material, only have
Fire resistance when melting can far can not be met the requirements, it is often more important that final palladium magnesium-alloy material will also be gathered around simultaneously
There is satisfactory mechanical strength, at least wants the mechanical property that can reach common palladium magnesium alloy and electric conductivity horizontal.Thus such as
The content that various alloying elements are where balanced in palladium magnesium alloy, prepares conduction that is fire-retardant under atmospheric environment, and having excellent
And mechanical property, it is a urgent problem to be solved of current palladium magnesium alloy.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, and providing one kind can be under 1600-1650 degree atmospheric conditions
Carry out contact material highly conductive corrosion-resistant Pd-Mg-Cr palladiums magnesium alloy and its processing technology of melting.And in this temperature range
The alloy final products of melting have the high conductivity that has required for palladium base contact material, high intensity and excellent corrosion-resistant
Performance.This method also has production cost low, the characteristics of being convenient for mass producing.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
One kind having the melting Pd-Mg-Cr palladium magnesium alloys between 1600-1650 degree.By weight percentage, the composition of alloy
For：Mg:2.5-4.0wt.%, Cr:0.6-1.8wt.%,Mo:0.6-1.8wt.%,Al:1.0-1.8wt.%,Ag:0.2-
0.8wt.%,Fe:0.4-0.5wt.%,In:0.2-0.6wt.%,Si:0.2-0.5wt.%,B:0.2-0.5wt.%, surplus are palladium.
The weight that the palladium magnesium alloy loses in fusion process because of the reasons such as volatilization and formation clinker is in 2.0-5.0wt.% or so.
The preparation method of above-mentioned palladium magnesium alloy, includes the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added under atmosphere protection
Electric induction furnace in, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1600-1650 degree, and is stirred using electromagnetism
Effect is mixed to be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is kept the temperature 10 minutes in 1600-1650 degree and is poured onto heat top same level equipment
Interior carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 8-12m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, every time
It is 10-15% to roll lower amount.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, and technique is：460 degree,
2.8 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 950 degree, 4.2 hours；Vacuum aging processing 260
Degree, 2.4 hours.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）Patent of the present invention is directed to palladium magnesium alloy under current high temperature and carries out that the present situation of melting is protected to provide in melting
A kind of novel atmosphere protection solution.By the main and secondary addition element in preferred alloy, to be effectively prevented
Under melting state palladium magnesium alloy occur burning and excessive Evaporation Phenomenon into.It, not only can be big by preferred alloying method
Big the shortcomings that reducing alloying element usage amount, can also obtain extraordinary flame retardant effect and improve magnesium recovery rate, final products
The content of middle magnesium accounts for the 80-90wt.% or so of initial magnesium addition.
（2）The Pd-Mg-Cr palladiums magnesium alloy that this patent proposes has extremely excellent flame retardant property, Ke Yida in the quiescent state
5 hours are stood under atmospheric environment without significantly burning in 1600-1650 temperature ranges.In dynamic process,
Such as liquid alloy is stirred, is blown etc. during melt treatments, after its skin covering of the surface is destroyed because being vigorously stirred, remain to
Rapid regeneration successfully hinders the burning of alloy.Gained alloy surface oxidation film and nitride film have extraordinary plasticity and viscosity,
Alloy surface completely can be sprawled and be covered, is effectively stopped in air intrusion aluminium alloy.And the palladium magnesium alloy is in melting
The weight that Cheng Yinwei volatilizees and forms the reasons such as clinker and lose is less than 5.0wt.% or so.
（3）The Pd-Mg-Cr palladiums magnesium alloy is after being added magnesium, to make crystal grain be refined.In addition, the alloy is with low
Liquid-solid phase solidification temperature range, can solve casting when hot cracking tendency it is big, casting cavity it is low with loose apparent product yield rate
Equal technical barriers.Smelting processing method is simple, and production cost is relatively low, reduces to equipment requirement.Make alloy service life
It is further improved, convenient for industrialization large-scale application.
（4）The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is 550-620MPa；Traditional material
Expect that tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductivity (%IACS) can maintain 45-60 (traditional material is less than 30).It can be half
Forceful electric power arc discharge is resisted in hour without apparent material failure.In the seawater, the corrosion rate of the material be 2.8 ×
10-5Mm/.Thus, the material is under oceanic atmosphere, can be with trouble free service 40 years or more.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces 3-6% or so.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
One kind having 1600 degree of melting highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material Pd-Mg-Cr palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.Percentage by weight
Than meter, the chemical composition of alloy is：Mg:2.9wt.%, Cr:1.2wt.%,Mo:1.4wt.%,Al:1.2wt.%,Ag:
0.6wt.%,Fe:0.4wt.%,In:0.3wt.%,Si:0.4wt.%,B:0.3wt.%, surplus are palladium.The preparation method of alloy：It will
As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating to 1600 degree,
Alloy solution is formed, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is kept the temperature 10 minutes at 1600 degree to pour
It casts onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting, it is 8m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is become at room temperature
Shape is handled, and amount is 12% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, work
Skill is：460 degree, 2.8 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 950 degree, 4.2 hours；Vacuum
260 degree, 2.4 hours of ageing treatment.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is 568MPa；
Traditional material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductivity (%IACS) can maintain for 52 (traditional material is less than 30).It can be
Forceful electric power arc discharge is resisted in half an hour without apparent material failure.In the seawater, the corrosion rate of the material be 2.8 ×
10-5Mm/.Thus, the material is under oceanic atmosphere, can be with trouble free service 40 years or more.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces by 3.4% or so.The alloy in 1600 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without apparent burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 2.4wt.% or so.
Embodiment 2
One kind having 1620 degree of melting highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material Pd-Mg-Cr palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.Percentage by weight
Than meter, the chemical composition of alloy is：Mg:2.6wt.%, Cr:1.5wt.%,Mo:0.9wt.%,Al:1.2wt.%,Ag:
0.6wt.%,Fe:0.4wt.%,In:0.3wt.%,Si:0.2wt.%,B:0.2wt.%, surplus are palladium.The preparation method of alloy：It will
As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating to 1620 degree,
Alloy solution is formed, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is kept the temperature 10 minutes at 1620 degree to pour
It casts onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting, it is 10m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is become at room temperature
Shape is handled, and amount is 14% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, work
Skill is：460 degree, 2.8 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 950 degree, 4.2 hours；Vacuum
260 degree, 2.4 hours of ageing treatment.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is 610MPa；
Traditional material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductivity (%IACS) can maintain for 56 (traditional material is less than 30).It can be
Forceful electric power arc discharge is resisted in half an hour without apparent material failure.In the seawater, the corrosion rate of the material be 2.8 ×
10-5Mm/.Thus, the material is under oceanic atmosphere, can be with trouble free service 40 years or more.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces by 4.8% or so.The alloy in 1620 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without apparent burning phenomenon, and material raw material caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker are lost
Rate can be controlled in 3.1wt.% or so.
Embodiment 3
One kind having 1650 degree of melting highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material Pd-Mg-Cr palladium magnesium alloys containing magnesium.Percentage by weight
Than meter, the chemical composition of alloy is：：Mg:3.6wt.%, Cr:1.5wt.%,Mo:0.9wt.%,Al:1.2wt.%,Ag:
0.6wt.%,Fe:0.4wt.%,In:0.3wt.%,Si:0.2wt.%,B:0.2wt.%, surplus are palladium.The preparation method of alloy：It will
As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating to 1650 degree,
Alloy solution is formed, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is kept the temperature 10 minutes at 1650 degree to pour
It casts onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting, it is 9m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is become at room temperature
Shape is handled, and amount is 12% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, work
Skill is：460 degree, 2.8 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 950 degree, 4.2 hours；Vacuum
260 degree, 2.4 hours of ageing treatment.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional palladium-base alloy：Tensile strength is 586MPa；
Traditional material tensile strength is less than 350MPa.And conductivity (%IACS) can maintain for 49 (traditional material is less than 30).It can be
Forceful electric power arc discharge is resisted in half an hour without apparent material failure.In the seawater, the corrosion rate of the material be 2.8 ×
10-5Mm/.Thus, the material is under oceanic atmosphere, can be with trouble free service 40 years or more.In addition, the material is than traditional palladium base
The density of alloy reduces by 5.2% or so.The alloy in 1650 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc.
Melt treatment is without apparent burning phenomenon, and material leads to the raw material proportion of goods damageds due to evaporating and form clinker
It can control in 2.8wt.% or so.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, alloy
Chemical composition be：Mg:2.5-4.0wt.%, Cr:0.6-1.8wt.%,Mo:0.6-1.8wt.%,Al:1.0-1.8wt.%,Ag:
0.2-0.8wt.%,Fe:0.4-0.5wt.%,In:0.2-0.6wt.%,Si:0.2-0.5wt.%,B:0.2-0.5wt.%, surplus are
Palladium.
2. the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that alloy
Preparation method comprises the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and using carbonization
Silica crucible；Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect to 1600-1650 degree；It will
Alloy liquid is poured onto in the heat preservation of 1600-1650 degree in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting for 10 minutes, and ingot casting moves down speed
Degree is 8-12m/min.
3. the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy containing magnesium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprising such as
Lower procedure of processing：Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 10-15% under every time rolling；Every 3 passes need
An intermediate heat-treatment is carried out to eliminate processing hardening, technique is：460 degree, 2.8 hours；Final heat treatment work after rolling
Skill is：Vacuum solid solution handles 950 degree, 4.2 hours；Vacuum aging handles 260 degree, 2.4 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711234983.5A CN108425030A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Containing the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711234983.5A CN108425030A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Containing the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108425030A true CN108425030A (en) | 2018-08-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711234983.5A Withdrawn CN108425030A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | Containing the highly conductive anti-corrosion electric contact material palladium magnesium alloy of magnesium |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN108425030A (en) |
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2017
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Application publication date: 20180821 |