CN107781490B - Solenoid valve driving device - Google Patents

Solenoid valve driving device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107781490B
CN107781490B CN201710735200.5A CN201710735200A CN107781490B CN 107781490 B CN107781490 B CN 107781490B CN 201710735200 A CN201710735200 A CN 201710735200A CN 107781490 B CN107781490 B CN 107781490B
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switching element
solenoid coil
current
circuit
solenoid valve
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CN107781490A (en
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冈本武史
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Nabotsk Co Ltd
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Nabotsk Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00Magnets
    • H01F7/06Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/064Circuit arrangements for actuating electromagnets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a solenoid valve driving device. Surge power generated by back electromotive force of a solenoid coil is absorbed quickly without deteriorating electrical characteristics of components. The disclosed device is provided with: a 1 st switching element that switches whether or not a control current flows to a solenoid coil of the solenoid valve; the rectifying circuit and the surge absorption circuit are connected between two terminals of the solenoid coil in series; a 2 nd switching element connected in parallel between both terminals of the surge absorption circuit; and a control circuit for controlling switching of connection or disconnection of the 1 st switching element and the 2 nd switching element. The control circuit has: a 1 st control unit that, after the 1 st switching element is turned on in accordance with a drive command for the solenoid valve and the spool of the solenoid valve is moved to a command position, performs pulse width control for switching between on and off of the 1 st switching element and holds the spool at the command position; and a 2 nd control unit for turning off the 2 nd switching element for a predetermined period in accordance with a timing at which the 1 st control unit starts the pulse width control of the 1 st switching element.

Description

Solenoid valve driving device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a solenoid valve driving device for driving a solenoid valve.
Background
Since a counter electromotive force is generated in the solenoid coil when the power supplied to the solenoid coil of the solenoid valve is interrupted, a circuit that absorbs the counter electromotive force by providing a surge absorber such as a variable resistor has been proposed (see patent document 1).
Patent document 1 discloses a circuit in which, when a current flows to a solenoid coil and a valve element of a solenoid valve moves to a desired position, a gate voltage of a transistor that controls switching of whether or not the current flows to the solenoid coil is controlled to control a gate voltage of the transistor, a counter electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil is absorbed by a variable resistor, and the current flowing to the solenoid coil is suppressed to a required minimum.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent No. 4289745
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
However, when the solenoid valve is used for, for example, engine control, switching of the solenoid valve is frequently performed. Therefore, the variable resistor must repeatedly absorb the back electromotive force of the solenoid coil, and the electrical characteristics of the variable resistor may deteriorate in a short time.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a solenoid valve driving device capable of quickly absorbing surge power due to back electromotive force of a solenoid coil without deteriorating electrical characteristics of components.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solenoid valve driving device including:
a 1 st switching element that controls whether or not a current flows to a solenoid coil of the solenoid valve;
a rectifying circuit and a surge absorbing circuit connected in series between both terminals of the solenoid coil;
a 2 nd switching element connected in parallel between both terminals of the surge absorption circuit; and
a control circuit that controls switching of on or off of the 1 st switching element and the 2 nd switching element,
the control circuit has:
a 1 st control unit that performs 1 st current control in which the 1 st switching element is continuously turned on and a 1 st current is caused to flow to the solenoid coil in order to move a valve body of the solenoid valve toward a command position, and thereafter performs 2 nd current control in which the 1 st switching element is intermittently turned on and a 2 nd current smaller than the 1 st current is caused to flow to the solenoid coil, in accordance with a drive command for the solenoid valve; and
and a 2 nd control unit configured to turn off the 2 nd switching element for a predetermined period in accordance with a timing at which the 1 st control unit ends the 1 st current control.
The predetermined period may be a period from a time point when the 1 st current control of the 1 st switching element is finished to a time point when the 2 nd current control of the 1 st switching element is started.
The length of the predetermined period may be set according to the current flowing to the solenoid coil.
The length of the predetermined period may be set based on the inductance of the solenoid coil and the surge voltage absorbed by the surge absorption circuit.
Alternatively, the surge absorbing circuit may have a zener diode,
the length of the predetermined period is set based on the inductance of the solenoid coil and the breakdown voltage of the zener diode.
When the drive command period for the solenoid valve ends, the control circuit may turn off the 1 st switching element and the 2 nd switching element to allow a current due to a back electromotive force generated at both ends of the solenoid coil to flow through the surge absorbing circuit and the rectifying circuit.
The electromagnetic valve can also be used for switching ship equipment.
In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solenoid valve driving device including:
a 1 st switching element that switches and controls whether or not to conduct one end of a solenoid coil of the solenoid valve to a 1 st reference voltage node;
a diode and a Zener diode connected in series between one end and the other end of the solenoid coil;
a 2 nd switching element that controls whether or not one end and the other end of the zener diode are turned on; and
a control circuit that controls switching on and off of the 1 st switching element and the 2 nd switching element,
one end of the diode and the other end of the solenoid coil are connected to a 2 nd reference voltage node.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, surge power generated by back electromotive force of the solenoid coil can be absorbed quickly without deteriorating electrical characteristics of components.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a solenoid valve driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a timing diagram of the circuit of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a timing diagram of a circuit of a comparative example of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an installation form of the solenoid valve driving device of fig. 1.
Description of the reference numerals
1. A solenoid valve driving device; 2. a 1 st MOSFET; 3. a Zener diode; 4. a freewheeling diode (Japanese: regeneration ダイオード); 5. a 2 nd MOSFET; 6. a control circuit; 7-9, a diode; 10. an electric field capacitor.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a solenoid valve driving device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The solenoid valve driving device 1 of fig. 1 includes a 1 st MOSFET (1 st switching element) 2, a zener diode (surge absorbing circuit) 3, a flywheel diode (rectifying circuit) 4, a 2 nd MOSFET (2 nd switching element) 5, and a control circuit 6.
The solenoid valve can be switched between two positions or between 3 positions. The solenoid valve that switches between two positions can switch between two positions by whether or not current flows to the solenoid coil L. In the solenoid valve that switches between 3 positions, the solenoid coils L are disposed on both sides of the valve body, and the 3 positions can be switched by whether or not current flows to each solenoid coil L. Hereinafter, the solenoid valve driving device 1 that drives the solenoid valves at two positions will be described as an example. Hereinafter, a command for moving the valve element of the solenoid valve to a command position by causing a current to flow to the solenoid coil L is referred to as a drive command, a switching position of the solenoid valve at this time is referred to as a 1 st position, and a switching position of the solenoid valve when a current does not flow to the solenoid coil L is referred to as a 2 nd position.
The electromagnetic valve of the present embodiment is used for engine control of a ship, for example. An electromagnetic valve for controlling an engine of a ship needs to be frequently switched between open and closed positions. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is considered to reduce the power consumption of the solenoid coil L of the solenoid valve and suppress the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the components of the solenoid valve driving device 1.
The 1 st MOSFET2 in fig. 1 is an N-type MOSFET, but may be formed of a P-type MOSFET by changing a part of the circuit configuration in fig. 1. The 1 st MOSFET2 is connected when current flows to the solenoid coil L of the solenoid valve. Switching control of on or off of the 1 st MOSFET2 is performed by the control circuit 6. When a current flows to the solenoid coil L, the valve element of the solenoid valve starts moving toward the command position. After that, the control circuit 6 intermittently connects the 1 st MOSFET2 before and after the spool of the solenoid valve reaches the command position. More specifically, the control circuit 6 performs pulse width control on the communication period of the 1 st MOSFET2 before and after the valve element of the solenoid valve starts moving and reaches the command position. Thus, the minimum current required to hold the valve element at the command position flows to the solenoid coil L of the solenoid valve, and power consumption at the solenoid coil L is suppressed.
The 2 nd MOSFET5 in fig. 1 is an N-type MOSFET, but may be formed of a P-type MOSFET by changing a part of the circuit configuration in fig. 1. The 2 nd MOSFET5 is substantially turned on when the solenoid valve is switched to the 1 st position and is turned off when the solenoid valve is switched to the 2 nd position. In addition, the 2 nd MOSFET5 is turned off for a predetermined period when the 1 st MOSFET2 is switched from the continuous connection operation to the intermittent connection operation. Switching control of on or off of the 2 nd MOSFET5 is also performed by the control circuit 6.
The control circuit 6 includes a 1 st control unit 6a and a 2 nd control unit 6 b. The 1 st control unit 6a performs 1 st current control in which the 1 st MOSFET2 is continuously connected to operate and the 1 st current is caused to flow to the solenoid coil in order to move the valve element of the solenoid valve to a command position, and thereafter performs 2 nd current control in which the 1 st MOSFET2 is intermittently connected to operate and the 2 nd current smaller than the 1 st current is caused to flow to the solenoid coil, in accordance with a drive command for the solenoid valve. The 1 st current control is also referred to as a sink current control, and the 2 nd current control is also referred to as a hold current control.
The 2 nd control unit 6b turns off the 2 nd MOSFET5 for a predetermined period of time in accordance with the timing at which the 1 st control unit 6a switches from the 1 st current control to the 2 nd current control. When the 2 nd MOSFET5 is turned off, the counter electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil L flows to the zener diode 3 and is rapidly absorbed.
The predetermined period is a period which starts at a timing when the 1 st current control for continuously connecting the 1 st MOSFET2 ends and ends at a timing when the 2 nd current control for intermittently connecting the 1 st MOSFET2 starts. The length of the predetermined period is set so that the current flowing through the solenoid coil L is monitored and the current becomes a desired value. Alternatively, the length of the predetermined time may be set based on the inductance of the solenoid coil L and the surge voltage (breakdown voltage) absorbed by the zener diode 3.
The zener diode 3 is connected in parallel between the drain-source of the 2 nd MOSFET 5. In more detail, a cathode of the zener diode 3 is connected to the drain of the 2 nd MOSFET5, and an anode of the zener diode 3 is connected to the source of the 2 nd MOSFET 5.
The freewheel diode 4 is connected in series with the 2 nd MOSFET 5. More specifically, the anode of the freewheeling diode 4 is connected to the source of the 2 nd MOSFET5, and the cathode of the freewheeling diode 4 is connected to one end of the solenoid coil L. It is desirable that the freewheel diode 4 is a freewheel diode with a small forward voltage, for example, a schottky barrier diode is suitable, but other kinds of diodes may be used.
The solenoid coil L of the solenoid valve is connected in parallel with a series circuit formed by the flywheel diode 4 and the drain-source of the 2 nd MOSFET5 connected in series. The power supply voltage Vcc is supplied to one end side of the solenoid coil L and the cathode side of the flywheel diode 4. Further, the drain of the 1 st MOSFET2 is connected to the other end side of the solenoid coil L and the drain side of the 2 nd MOSFET 5. As will be described later, the zener diode 3 and the flywheel diode 4 may be connected to the 2 nd MOSFET5 in the direction opposite to the direction in fig. 1. That is, cathodes of the zener diode 3 and the flywheel diode 4 may be connected to a drain of the 2 nd MOSFET5, and anodes of the zener diode 3 and the flywheel diode 4 may be connected to one end of the solenoid coil L and the power supply voltage Vcc node.
Fig. 2 is a timing diagram of the circuit of fig. 1. Fig. 2 shows a drive command signal input to the control circuit 6, a gate voltage Vb1 of the 1 st MOSFET2, a gate voltage Vb2 of the 2 nd MOSFET5, and a current I flowing through the solenoid coil L, which are output from the control circuit 6.
Fig. 3 is a timing chart of a circuit of a comparative example in which a variable resistor is connected in parallel between both ends of a solenoid coil L instead of the zener diode 3 of fig. 1.
When the drive command is switched from off to on at time t1 in fig. 2 and 3, the control circuit 6 sets the gate voltage Vb1 of the 1 st MOSFET2 to a high potential to turn on the 1 st MOSFET2, and sets the gate voltage Vb2 of the 2 nd MOSFET5 to a high potential to turn on the 2 nd MOSFET 5. Thus, current flows from the power supply voltage node Vcc via the solenoid coil L and the 1 st MOSFET2, and the spool of the solenoid valve starts moving toward the command position. At time t2, the valve element of the solenoid valve reaches the front and rear of the command position. Therefore, the control circuit 6 once turns off both the 1 st MOSFET2 and the 2 nd MOSFET5 in order to switch the 1 st MOSFET2 from the continuous connection operation to the intermittent connection operation. This generates a counter electromotive force in the solenoid coil L. Since a large amount of energy is accumulated in the solenoid coil L immediately before the time t2, a large back electromotive force is generated in the solenoid coil L when the 1 st MOSFET2 is turned off at the time t 2. Since the 2 nd MOSFET5 is off, the counter electromotive force flows through the zener diode 3 and the flywheel diode 4, and can be absorbed quickly.
The control circuit 6 turns off the 2 nd MOSFET5 for a predetermined period from time t2 to t 3. As described above, the length of the predetermined period is determined by monitoring the current flowing to, for example, the solenoid coil L.
At time t3, the 2 nd MOSFET5 is turned on, and after time t3, the 1 st MOSFET2 starts an intermittent on operation. Thus, a small current of a degree necessary to hold the valve element of the solenoid valve at the command position flows to the solenoid coil L.
After that, when the drive command is switched from on to off at time t4, the control circuit 6 turns off both the 1 st MOSFET2 and the 2 nd MOSFET 5. During the period from time t3 to time t4, the 1 st MOSFET2 performs the intermittent on operation, and therefore, the current flowing to the solenoid coil L is also smaller than the current flowing at time t1 to time t2, and the power stored in the solenoid coil L is also smaller. Thus, even if the 1 st MOSFET2 is turned off at time t4, the counter electromotive force generated at the solenoid coil L is not so large. Further, since the 2 nd MOSFET5 is turned off at time t4, the counter electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil L can be absorbed by the zener diode 3, and the current flowing through the solenoid coil L can be made zero in a short time.
Thereafter, at time t4, when the drive command is switched from on to off, the control circuit 6 turns the gate voltage Vb1 of the 1 st MOSFET2 to the low potential to turn off the 1 st MOSFET2, and turns the gate voltage Vb2 of the 2 nd MOSFET5 to the low potential to turn off the 2 nd MOSFET 5.
On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example of fig. 3, since the counter electromotive force of the solenoid coil L generated immediately after the 1 st MOSFET2 is switched from the continuous communicating operation to the intermittent communicating operation is absorbed only by the solenoid coil L and the free wheel diode 4, it takes time to reduce the current flowing through the solenoid coil L. The reduction in the current flowing to the solenoid coil L takes time, which means that the power consumption of the solenoid coil L increases.
In the case of the comparative example of fig. 3, since the variable resistor is provided instead of the zener diode, the back electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil L is absorbed by the variable resistor after time t4, and the electrical characteristics of the variable resistor deteriorate when the solenoid valve is frequently switched.
However, in the present embodiment, immediately after the 1 st MOSFET2 is switched from the continuous on operation to the intermittent on operation, the 2 nd MOSFET5 is temporarily turned off and the zener diode 3 absorbs the counter electromotive force of the solenoid coil L, and therefore, even if the drive command is switched at any subsequent time, the current flowing through the solenoid coil L can be quickly set to zero.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of an installation form of the solenoid valve driving device 1 of fig. 1. The circuit configuration of fig. 4 is apparently different from the circuit configuration of fig. 1, but the basic operation is the same. In the circuit of fig. 4, the orientation of the zener diode 3 and the orientation of the freewheel diode 4 are opposite to those in fig. 1, and there is no difference in circuit operation between fig. 1 and 4. In fig. 4, the control circuit 6 of fig. 1 is not shown.
The circuit of fig. 4 includes, in addition to the circuit of fig. 1, an electric field capacitor 10 and 3 diodes 7 to 9. The diode 7 is connected to the power supply voltage node Vcc and is provided for the purpose of preventing reverse flow to the power supply voltage node Vcc. For example, a schottky barrier diode having a small forward voltage is used as the diode 7, but another type of diode may be used.
The electric field capacitor 10 is connected between the cathode of the diode 7 and the source of the 1 st MOSFET2, and functions to suppress fluctuations in the power supply voltage Vcc.
In fig. 4, the directions of the currents flowing are indicated by arrow lines y1 to y 3. When the control circuit 6 sets the gate voltage Vb1 of the 1 st MOSFET2 to a high potential, a current from the power supply voltage node Vcc flows between the drain and the source of the 1 st MOSFET2 as indicated by an arrow y 1.
During the period in which the 1 st MOSFET2 and the 2 nd MOSFET5 are both off when the 1 st MOSFET2 is switched from the continuous on operation to the intermittent on operation, the control circuit 6 causes a current due to the counter electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil L to flow through the flywheel diode 4 and the zener diode 3 as indicated by an arrow y 3. Thereafter, while the 1 st MOSFET2 is turned off during the intermittent on operation of the 1 st MOSFET2, a current caused by the back electromotive force of the solenoid coil L flows through the flywheel diode 4 and the 2 nd transistor 5 as indicated by an arrow y 2. Thereafter, when the drive command is switched from on to off, both the 1 st MOSFET2 and the 2 nd MOSFET5 are turned off, and the current caused by the electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil L is absorbed through the flywheel diode 4 and the zener diode 3 on the path of the arrow line y 3.
As described above, in the present embodiment, the zener diode 3 is used instead of the variable resistor whose electrical characteristics are likely to deteriorate due to repeated switching of the solenoid valve, and a large back electromotive force generated in the solenoid coil L is caused to flow to the zener diode 3 when the 1 st MOSFET2 that controls switching of whether or not to cause a current to flow to the solenoid coil L is switched from the continuous communication operation to the intermittent communication operation, so that the current flowing to the solenoid coil L in the intermittent communication operation of the 1 st MOSFET2 can be rapidly reduced. This can increase the switching speed of the solenoid valve.
In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the zener diode 3 is provided as the surge absorbing circuit has been described, but a variable resistor may be provided instead of the zener diode 3. By providing a larger variable resistor instead of the zener diode 3, for example, deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the variable resistor can be suppressed.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may be modified in various ways as will occur to those skilled in the art, and the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above. That is, various additions, modifications, and partial deletions can be made without departing from the concept and spirit of the present invention derived from the contents and equivalents thereof defined in the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A solenoid valve driving device includes:
a 1 st switching element that controls whether or not a current flows to a solenoid coil of the solenoid valve;
a rectifying circuit and a surge absorbing circuit connected in series between both terminals of the solenoid coil;
a 2 nd switching element connected in parallel between both terminals of the surge absorption circuit; and
a control circuit that controls switching of on or off of the 1 st switching element and the 2 nd switching element,
the control circuit has:
a 1 st control unit that performs 1 st current control in which the 1 st switching element is continuously connected and a 1 st current is caused to flow to the solenoid coil in order to move a valve body of the solenoid valve toward a command position, and thereafter performs 2 nd current control in which the 1 st switching element is intermittently connected and a 2 nd current smaller than the 1 st current is caused to flow to the solenoid coil, in accordance with a drive command for the solenoid valve; and
and a 2 nd control unit configured to turn off the 2 nd switching element for a predetermined period at a timing when the 1 st control unit ends the 1 st current control.
2. The electromagnetic valve driving device according to claim 1,
the predetermined period is a period starting at a time point when the 1 st current control of the 1 st switching element is finished and ending at a time point when the 2 nd current control of the 1 st switching element is started.
3. The electromagnetic valve driving device according to claim 1 or 2,
the length of the predetermined period is set according to the current flowing to the solenoid coil.
4. The electromagnetic valve driving device according to claim 1 or 2,
the length of the predetermined period is set based on the inductance of the solenoid coil and the surge voltage absorbed by the surge absorption circuit.
5. The solenoid valve driving device according to claim 4, wherein,
the surge absorption circuit has a zener diode,
the length of the predetermined period is set based on the inductance of the solenoid coil and the breakdown voltage of the zener diode.
6. The electromagnetic valve driving device according to claim 1 or 2,
when the drive command period for the solenoid valve ends, the control circuit turns off the 1 st switching element and the 2 nd switching element, and causes a current due to a back electromotive force generated at both ends of the solenoid coil to flow through the surge absorbing circuit and the rectifying circuit.
7. The electromagnetic valve driving device according to claim 1 or 2,
the electromagnetic valve is used for switching ship equipment.
CN201710735200.5A 2016-08-26 2017-08-24 Solenoid valve driving device Active CN107781490B (en)

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JP2016165922A JP2018032819A (en) 2016-08-26 2016-08-26 Electromagnetic valve driver
JP2016-165922 2016-08-26

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DE102018215432A1 (en) * 2018-09-11 2020-03-12 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Method for regulating the speed or torque of an engine, speed control system and control unit
JP6855558B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2021-04-07 川崎重工業株式会社 Controls for non-excited electromagnetic brakes, multi-brake systems, robots, and medical robot systems
CN110071491B (en) * 2019-04-04 2021-06-29 苏州汇川技术有限公司 Load tail current eliminating circuit

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CN102782779A (en) * 2010-03-05 2012-11-14 Ckd株式会社 Solenoid drive circuit
CN205244567U (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-18 无锡隆盛科技股份有限公司 Oil spout electromagnetic valve drive circuit that drive current ends fast

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