CN107771282B - Wireless ultrasonic sensor - Google Patents
Wireless ultrasonic sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107771282B CN107771282B CN201680035941.6A CN201680035941A CN107771282B CN 107771282 B CN107771282 B CN 107771282B CN 201680035941 A CN201680035941 A CN 201680035941A CN 107771282 B CN107771282 B CN 107771282B
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012771 pancakes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2481—Wireless probes, e.g. with transponders or radio links
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2475—Embedded probes, i.e. probes incorporated in objects to be inspected
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/044—Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
Abstract
A wireless ultrasonic sensor (404) for non-destructive testing of a test object (502), the sensor comprising: an ultrasonic transducer (406), a first induction coil (408) electrically coupled to the ultrasonic transducer, a second induction coil (414) electrically coupled in parallel with the first induction coil; wherein the first and second induction coils are arranged such that the transducer is inductively operable by a remote device (504); wherein the diameter of the second induction coil is larger than the diameter of the first induction coil.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a wireless sensor for non-destructive testing.
Technical Field
Non-destructive testing (NDT) is widely used in various industries to evaluate the characteristics of a test object without causing damage to the test object. Examples of test objects include composite aircraft panels, gas turbine engine components, pipes, and pressure vessels.
It is known to integrate NDT sensors into test subjects to provide, for example, reliable repeatable testing and/or in situ detection during test subject service. For example, it is known to integrate an ultrasonic sensor in or on a test object.
In addition, it is known to provide wireless integrated NDT sensors that can be inductively coupled to a remote device. This inductive coupling enables power to be provided from a remote device to an integrated sensor in a manner similar to known Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) modules. The inductive coupling may also be used to transmit measurement information from the integrated sensor back to the remote device.
However, the inventors have recognized that in known systems, the operable distance or range between the NDT sensor and the remote device required for inductive coupling is limited, especially for sensors that operate at high frequencies, such as ultrasonic sensors.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wireless ultrasonic sensor for non-destructive testing of a test object, the wireless ultrasonic sensor comprising:
An ultrasonic transducer;
A first inductive coil electrically coupled to the ultrasonic transducer;
a second induction coil electrically coupled to the ultrasound transducer in parallel with the first induction coil;
wherein the first and second induction coils are arranged to enable inductive operation of the transducer by a remote device at its operating frequency;
wherein the outer diameter of the second induction coil is larger than the outer diameter of the first induction coil.
In known wireless NDT sensors, the ultrasound transducer forms part of an inductance-capacitance (LC) circuit comprising the ultrasound transducer and an induction coil. To operate an ultrasound transducer, the resonant frequency of the LC circuit should be matched to the operating frequency of the ultrasound transducer. For NDT applications using ultrasonic transducers, the frequency is typically in the range of 1 to 10 MHz. To provide the LC circuit with resonance in this frequency range for a given ultrasound transducer, the inductance required for the approximation of the induction coil can be estimated by:
Where f o is the operating frequency required by the transducer and C pz is the capacitance of the transducer. For example, for a 15mm transducer operating at a frequency of 5MHz with a capacitance of 3.5nf, an induction coil with an inductance of about 0.29 μH is required.
Thus, it can be seen that such an application requires an induction coil with a lower inductance. In order to provide a coil with a relatively low inductance, it is known to design the coil with a relatively small number of turns and a small diameter. For planar coils, such as PCB pancake coils, the coil inductance increases with increasing number of turns and diameter. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the most important parameter with respect to the coil inductance is the number of turns, followed by the average coil diameter that affects the coil outer diameter.
To achieve the inductance values required for high frequency operation of the ultrasound transducer, the induction coil may typically have an average diameter between 25mm and 50mm and a number of turns between 1 and 10.
However, the use of an inductive coil with a smaller average diameter limits the maximum distance that a wireless NDT sensor can operate through an inductively coupled external device because the operable inductive coupling distance decreases as the coil diameter decreases. The maximum read distance may be approximately equal to the outer diameter of the coil.
The inclusion of a second inductive coil coupled in parallel with the transducer coil and the ultrasonic transducer increases the remote operating range of the NDT sensor while maintaining the resonant frequency of the LC circuit at a value required to operate the ultrasonic transducer. This effect is achieved by including a second induction coil having an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the first induction coil.
In addition to improving the remote operating range of the wireless sensor, the use of two induction coils may also improve the strength of the inductive coupling between the sensor and the remote device, as both induction coils contribute to the inductive coupling. Thus, the signal amplitude of a single transmission between the sensor and the remote device may also be enhanced compared to a single coil design.
The outer diameter of the second induction coil may be at least 1.1 times as large, preferably at least 2 times as large, as the outer diameter of the first induction coil.
The ultrasonic transducer, the first induction coil, and the second induction coil may be mounted in a substantially coaxial arrangement. The first and second induction coils may be mounted in substantially the same plane.
This provides a sensor with a low profile which can be easily installed within a test object.
The first induction coil may have an inductance such that the first induction coil and the ultrasonic transducer form a circuit having a resonant frequency that matches an optimal operating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer.
The inductance of the first induction coil may be between 0.05 μh and 10 μh. Preferably, the inductance of the first induction coil may be between 0.2 μh and 5 μh.
The inductance of the second induction coil may be between 0.1 μh and 20 μh. Preferably, the inductance of the second induction coil may be between 0.2 μh and 5 μh.
The sensor may further include an outer induction coil electrically coupled to the ultrasound transducer in parallel with the first induction coil, each outer induction coil having an outer diameter greater than an outer diameter of the first induction coil.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing an ultrasonic sensor for non-destructive testing of a test object, comprising:
Providing a first induction coil having a first outer diameter;
Providing a second induction coil having an outer diameter greater than the first outer diameter;
electrically coupling the first induction coil to an ultrasonic transducer; and
The second induction coil and the first induction coil are electrically coupled in parallel to the ultrasound transducer.
The method may comprise the step of calculating an inductance value required to operate the ultrasound transducer at an operating frequency, and the step of providing the first and second induction coils may comprise:
providing the first induction coil with a required inductance value; and
Providing a second induction coil having a diameter that is greater than the first diameter and providing an inductance that does not substantially alter the overall inductance of the ultrasonic sensor.
The method ensures that the inductance of the ultrasonic sensor is optimized for the operating frequency of the transducer by initially designing the first coil with an inductance forming a resonant circuit of the desired frequency and independent of the second coil. A second coil having a diameter greater than the diameter of the first coil is then added to the circuit in parallel with the first coil in order to increase the range of possible remote operation between the sensor and the remote device without significantly affecting the overall inductance of the ultrasonic sensor circuit. The inventors have found that the operating range can be increased by a factor of about 2 to 3 without adversely affecting the operation of the transducer.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wireless sensor for non-destructive testing of a test object, the wireless sensor comprising:
a transducer;
A first planar induction coil electrically coupled to the transducer;
a second planar induction coil electrically coupled to the ultrasound transducer in parallel with the first induction coil;
wherein the first and second induction coils are arranged to enable inductive operation of the transducer by a remote device at its operating frequency;
wherein the outer diameter of the second induction coil is larger than the outer diameter of the first induction coil.
This may facilitate a lower profile arrangement and increase the remote operating range of the NDT sensor.
The selection features of the first aspect may be applied to the third aspect in a similar manner.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wireless non-destructive testing system comprising: the wireless ultrasonic sensor according to the first aspect and a detection bar for inductively operating the wireless ultrasonic sensor.
Drawings
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a known wireless NDT system.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the wireless ultrasonic sensor of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a simplified circuit diagram of the wireless ultrasonic sensor of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wireless ultrasonic sensor.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wireless NDT system including the sensor of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the wireless ultrasonic sensor of fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first method of producing a wireless ultrasonic sensor according to a second embodiment.
Detailed Description
Referring first to fig. 1, a known wireless NDT system is shown generally at 100. The NDT system is arranged to test a test object and includes a wireless ultrasonic sensor 104 embedded in or attached to the test object 102 and a remote device including a detection wand 106. The wireless ultrasonic sensor 104 includes a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 108 electrically coupled to an induction coil 110. The induction coil 110 enables the wireless ultrasonic sensor 104 to be remotely powered by the detection bar 106 via inductive coupling. The induction coil 110 is connected to the negative electrode of the transducer 108 by a first connection line 112 and to the positive electrode of the transducer 108 by a second connection line 114.
The induction coil 110 and the ultrasonic transducer 108 together form an LC circuit having a certain resonant frequency. In use, the detection bar 106 is directed towards the sensor 104, which induces a current in the LC circuit at the resonant frequency. This causes the transducer 108 to output an ultrasonic pulse. The ultrasonic pulses may reflect off the surface of the test object and the reflected signals are received by the transducer 108, thereby generating an electrical current in the sensor 104, which may be transmitted to the detection bar 106 by inductive coupling.
In order to create an inductive coupling between the detection bar 106 and the sensor 104, the detection bar 106 must be maintained within the distance x of the ultrasonic sensor 104. Outside this range, the inductive coupling is too weak to enable the detection bar 106 to operate the ultrasonic sensor 104 (i.e., send and/or receive signals to the ultrasonic sensor 104). The maximum operating distance is determined by a number of factors, including: the resonant frequency of the sensor 104, the resonant frequency of the detection rod 106, the material between the detection rod and the sensor, and the outer diameter d of the coil.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of the wireless NDT sensor 104 of fig. 1. The induction coil 110 may be represented as an inductance L, a parasitic resistance R d, and a capacitance C d, which are electrically coupled in parallel with the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 108, and the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 108 may be represented as an impedance Z pz.
For high frequency (about 1-10 MHz) applications, such as in ultrasonic sensors, coils with a small number of turns (typically 1 to 10 turns) are typically used, so ideal inductor assumptions can be made and parasitic resistance and capacitance of the induction coil can be ignored. Thus, the circuit shown in FIG. 3 may be reduced to an inductance associated with coil L and a capacitance associated with transducer C pz. The frequency f o can be given by:
and the inductance required by the induction coil can be estimated as:
It is known to design coils to achieve this inductance by adjusting coil parameters such as coil diameter, turns and turns density. The inductance of a circular ring with number of turns N, radius of circle R, radius of line a, and relative permeability of the medium μr is given by:
To design a coil with the required inductance to achieve the frequency f o required to operate the ultrasound transducer, the coil will necessarily have a smaller diameter, especially for coils with a small number of turns, which in turn limits the distance the detection rod 106 can operate the sensor because the range of inductive coupling for smaller diameter coils is reduced.
In fig. 4, a wireless ultrasonic sensor according to a first embodiment is shown generally at 404. The sensor 404 includes a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 406 and a first planar induction coil 408. The first inductive coil 406 is connected to the negative pole of the transducer 406 by a first connection line 410 and to the positive pole of the transducer by a second connection line 412.
The wireless ultrasonic sensor 404 further includes a second planar induction coil 414 having an outer diameter d 2 that is greater than the outer diameter d 1 of the first induction coil. The second induction coil 414 is connected to the negative electrode of the transducer by a third connection 416 and to the positive electrode of the transducer 406 by a fourth connection 418. Thus, the first and second induction coils 408, 414 are connected in parallel with the transducer 406. In some embodiments, an external induction coil may also be provided in parallel with the first induction coil 408.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the first induction coil 408 has an outer diameter d 1 between 35mm and 75mm and the second induction coil 414 has an outer diameter d 2 between 38.5mm and 150 mm. However, in some embodiments, the first induction coil 408 may have an outer diameter d 1 between 35mm and 100mm, the second induction coil 414 may have an outer diameter d 2 between 38.5mm and 200mm, and the outer diameter of the outer coil is at least 1.1 times the outer diameter of the inner coil. The inner diameter of the outer coil may be at least 1.1 times the outer diameter of the inner coil, enabling a nested coil arrangement with a specific low profile.
The first induction coil 408 may have 1 to 20 turns. The second induction coil 414 may have 1 to 20 turns.
The inner and outer coils 408, 414 may have suitable wire radii. In some embodiments, the line radius of each coil 408, 414 may be the same.
Fig. 5 illustrates a wireless NDT system including the wireless ultrasonic sensor 404 described in fig. 4 embedded in or attached to a test object 502, and in this case a remote device of a test wand 504. The wireless ultrasonic sensor may be tampered with by the detection wand 504 in a similar manner as the wireless NDT system of fig. 1. However, because the wireless ultrasonic sensor 404 includes the first and second inductive coils 408, 414, the NDT system 500 of fig. 5 may operate with a greater distance x 2 between the detection bar 504 and the wireless ultrasonic sensor 404 than would be possible in the NDT system of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 shows a circuit diagram of the wireless NDT sensor of fig. 4. The first inductive coil 408 may be represented as an inductance L, a parasitic resistance R d, and a capacitance C d. The second induction coil 414 may be represented as an inductance L 2, a parasitic resistance R 2d, and a capacitance C 2d. The first and second induction coils are coupled in parallel with a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 108, which may be represented as an impedance Z pz. In addition, the first and second induction coils may have associated voltages V and V 2, respectively, which are induced voltages caused by mutual inductance between the coils.
The total inductance of the sensor is determined by the inductance values of the first and second induction coils (when the parasitic resistance and capacitance of the coils are negligible), and is given by:
Wherein L eq is the total inductance, L is the inductance of the first coil, L 2 is the inductance of the second coil, and M is the mutual inductance between the coils. Thus, as the inductance of the second coil increases relative to the first coil, the total inductance L eq of the wireless ultrasound sensor 404 approaches the inductance of the first inductive coil 408. This enables a second coil having a larger diameter to be included in the sensor in order to increase the operational range of the sensor, while still enabling the overall inductance of the sensor to be low enough to provide a resonant frequency circuit for high frequency applications. The improvement in range is known for any combination of average diameters of the induction coils, provided that one is larger in diameter than the other and the resonant frequency of the LC circuit is capable of operating the transducer.
In some embodiments, the second induction coil 414 may have a non-negligible parasitic resistance and capacitance because the energy loss caused by the parasitic resistance and capacitance increases as the coil diameter increases. In this case, the outer coil 414 may be designed with sufficient coil turns and coil diameters to provide balanced parasitic resistance, but without resulting in an inductance L 2 of significant parasitic resistance.
Referring now to fig. 7, a method of producing an ultrasonic wireless transducer is shown generally at 700.
In step 702, an ultrasonic transducer having a particular operating frequency and a known static capacitance may be provided.
In step 704, the inductance required for the transducer coil to form an LC circuit with resonance at the operating frequency is calculated.
At step 706, a first induction coil having a first diameter and having a calculated required inductance is provided.
At step 708, an outer diameter of the second induction coil is determined. The inner diameter of the second induction coil may have a value greater than the outer diameter of the first induction coil. The outer diameter of the second induction coil is determined by the required read distance and/or maximum sensor footprint for a given application. For example, the outer diameter may be approximately equal to the square root of 2 times the optimal read distance (2×sqrt (2) ×read distance), and approximately equal to the maximum read distance.
In step 710, a first induction coil and a second induction coil are connected in parallel to the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, of an ultrasonic transducer.
As mentioned above, for any combination of average diameters of the induction coils, an improvement in sensor range can be seen as long as one is larger than the other and the resonant frequency of the LC circuit enables the transducer to operate. Thus, the method may comprise:
Providing a first induction coil having a first average diameter;
providing a second induction coil having an average diameter greater than the first diameter;
Electrically coupling the first inductive coil to an ultrasonic transducer; and electrically coupling the second inductive coil in parallel with the first inductive coil to the ultrasound transducer.
Claims (9)
1. A wireless ultrasonic sensor for non-destructive testing of a test object, the sensor comprising:
An ultrasonic transducer;
a first induction coil electrically coupled to the ultrasonic transducer, the first induction coil connected to a negative electrode of the ultrasonic transducer and a positive electrode of the ultrasonic transducer;
a second induction coil electrically coupled to the ultrasonic transducer in parallel with the first induction coil, the second induction coil connected to the negative electrode of the ultrasonic transducer and the positive electrode of the ultrasonic transducer;
wherein the first and second induction coils are arranged to enable inductive operation of the ultrasound transducer by a remote device at its operating frequency;
wherein the outer diameter of the second induction coil is larger than the outer diameter of the first induction coil;
wherein the first and second induction coils are mounted in the same plane.
2. The wireless ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the second induction coil is at least 1.1 times greater than the outer diameter of the first induction coil.
3. The wireless ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic transducer, the first induction coil, and the second induction coil are mounted in a coaxial arrangement.
4. The wireless ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the first inductive coil has an inductance such that the first inductive coil and the ultrasonic transducer form a circuit having a resonant frequency that matches an optimal operating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer.
5. The wireless ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the inductance of the first inductive coil is between 0.05 μΜ and 10 μΜ.
6. The wireless ultrasonic sensor of claim 1, wherein the inductance of the second inductive coil is between 0.1 μΜ/-20 μΜ/.
7. A method of producing an ultrasonic sensor for non-destructive testing of a test object, comprising:
Providing a first induction coil having a first outer diameter, the first induction coil being connected to a negative electrode of the ultrasonic transducer and a positive electrode of the ultrasonic transducer;
Providing a second induction coil having an outer diameter greater than the first outer diameter, the first and second induction coils being arranged to enable inductive operation of the ultrasonic transducer by a remote device at its operating frequency, the second induction coil being connected to the negative electrode of the ultrasonic transducer and the positive electrode of the ultrasonic transducer;
electrically coupling the first induction coil to an ultrasonic transducer; and
The second induction coil and the first induction coil are electrically coupled in parallel to the ultrasound transducer.
8. The method of claim 7, comprising the step of calculating an inductance value required to operate the ultrasound transducer at an operating frequency, whereby the step of providing the first and second induction coils comprises:
providing the first induction coil with a required inductance value; and providing a second induction coil having an outer diameter that is greater than the first outer diameter and provides an inductance that does not change the total inductance of the ultrasonic sensor.
9. A wireless non-destructive testing system, comprising: a wireless ultrasonic sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a detection wand for inductively operating the wireless ultrasonic sensor.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1510968.9A GB2533833B (en) | 2015-06-22 | 2015-06-22 | Wireless ultrasound sensor with two induction coils |
| GB1510968.9 | 2015-06-22 | ||
| PCT/GB2016/051668 WO2016207604A1 (en) | 2015-06-22 | 2016-06-07 | Wireless ultrasound sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107771282A CN107771282A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
| CN107771282B true CN107771282B (en) | 2024-04-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201680035941.6A Active CN107771282B (en) | 2015-06-22 | 2016-06-07 | Wireless ultrasonic sensor |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US20180217106A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3311154B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6855068B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107771282B (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2533833B (en) |
| MY (1) | MY192738A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016207604A1 (en) |
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| JP6900771B2 (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2021-07-07 | オムロン株式会社 | Proximity sensor and method |
| JP6887317B2 (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2021-06-16 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Sensor system |
| GB2566438B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-01-08 | Inductosense Ltd | Wireless sensor |
| GB2573129A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2019-10-30 | Univ Bristol | Multi-frequency wireless sensor |
| GB2583507B (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2021-09-22 | Inductosense Ltd | Calibrating a non-destructive piezoelectric sensor |
| GB2597105B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2023-01-18 | Inductosense Ltd | Wireless sensor |
| DE102021123869A1 (en) | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-16 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Method for producing a fiber composite component and device for monitoring the same |
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| GB2533833B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
| JP6855068B2 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
| US11927568B2 (en) | 2024-03-12 |
| EP3311154A1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
| CN107771282A (en) | 2018-03-06 |
| JP2018518671A (en) | 2018-07-12 |
| MY192738A (en) | 2022-09-06 |
| US20220011273A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
| GB2533833A (en) | 2016-07-06 |
| GB201510968D0 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
| US20180217106A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
| WO2016207604A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
| EP3311154B1 (en) | 2022-05-25 |
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