CN104578453A - Magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device achieving self-optimization of frequency and dynamic tuning - Google Patents
Magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device achieving self-optimization of frequency and dynamic tuning Download PDFInfo
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- CN104578453A CN104578453A CN201510017622.XA CN201510017622A CN104578453A CN 104578453 A CN104578453 A CN 104578453A CN 201510017622 A CN201510017622 A CN 201510017622A CN 104578453 A CN104578453 A CN 104578453A
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device achieving self-optimization of frequency and dynamic tuning. The device comprises a high-frequency power power source, a transmitting module, a receiving module, a transmitting end detecting module, a receiving end detecting module, a digital controller, a rectification and voltage regulation module and a load. The magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device is characterized in that the optimized frequency can be followed in real time according to the change of a coupling magnetic field of a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, the change of main circuit parameters and the change of the load, so that the power and efficiency of the whole system (from the power source to the load) are improved, the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device achieving self-optimization of frequency and dynamic tuning can be applied to the solution for the detuning problem under the fixed frequency condition and can also be applied to the occasions with variable frequency and stable power and efficiency, and the wide application prospect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission device technical field, being specifically related to can the tuning wireless power transmission device of self-adjusting frequency dynamic according to power efficiency requirement.
Background technology
2006, the researcher of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) utilizes magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission device successfully to light with the efficiency of 40% bulb that an about 2m locates 60W, this experiment is broken at that time for realizing the predicament that the wireless transmission of electric energy of middle and long distance high efficiency faces, and has caused people and has studied and the upsurge optimizing magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission device.
Magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission device is a kind of utilize magnetic resonance coupling technique to realize electric energy transfers to load device from power supply wireless.Magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission device comprises high-frequency power supply, transmitting coil, receiving coil, tuning capacitance, rectifying and pressure-regulating module and load.Rectifying and pressure-regulating module, for converting the power delivery of reception to load, also can realize improving the efficiency of delivery of electrical energy with the impedance matching of load end and being delivered to the maximum transmission power of load.
Because wireless transmission energy mainly relies on the resonance of transmitting coil and corresponding tuning capacitance, the coupled magnetic field that the resonance of receiving coil and corresponding tuning capacitance is formed, therefore keep transmitter module consistent with the resonance frequency of receiver module for maintenance electric energy transmitting efficiency and transmission power most important.But the frequency change of high frequency power source, by temperature, time and surrounding magnetic field change the launch and accept coil caused, and the change etc. of tuning capacitance Parameters variation and load impedance angle all can cause the off resonance of transmitter module and receiver module.The change (underloading or heavy duty etc.) of transmitting coil and receiving coil coupled magnetic field change (causing primarily of the change of coil relative position) and load is also by the through-put power of influential system and efficiency simultaneously, causes and exports instability.
Prior art concentrates on the off resonance problem of receiver module under the frequency tracing control problem between high-frequency power supply and transmitter module of solving or transmitter module frequency fixing situation, efficiency between through-put power and efficiency or transmitting coil to load between main consideration transmitting coil and receiving coil, whether the through-put power of system and efficiency reach requirement not have on the whole (power supply is to load) to consider.The optimization of magnetic resonance coupling wireless power transmission device is needed badly and solves following problem: keep through-put power and efficiency to meet the demands when load variations and transmitting coil and receiving coil change in location and impact on high-frequency power supply efficiency; Inductance when the frequency of high-frequency power supply changes in transmitter module and receiver module and electric capacity and each parasitic parameter value all will change, and have a negative impact to system tunning; In theory analysis, the load of receiving system is often considered as pure resistor load, and the load of reality resistance sense or resistance capacitive load often, load characteristic change often makes the easier off resonance of receiving system, and off resonance problem is also usually more difficult to resolve certainly.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above weak point of prior art, the invention provides a kind of magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning, reply load and transmitting coil and receiving coil change in location can realize the resonance frequency self-regulation meeting system effectiveness and power request transmission, and receiver module when load (can by rectifying and pressure-regulating module and connect the loading section that load is all considered as receiving terminal) and component parameters changes can follow optimum resonance frequency.Concrete technical scheme is as follows.
The magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning, it comprises: high-frequency power supply, transmitter module, receiver module, transmitting terminal detection module, receiving terminal detection module, digitial controller, digitial controller, rectifying and pressure-regulating module and load; The switching device driving signal input of high-frequency power supply is connected with the output of digitial controller; The output of high-frequency power supply is connected with transmitter module, and the input of transmitting terminal detection module is connected with transmitter module, and the output of transmitting terminal detection module is connected with the input of the first digitial controller, and the output of the first digitial controller is also connected with transmitter module; The output of receiver module is connected with rectifying and pressure-regulating module, and the input of receiving terminal detection module is connected with receiver module, and the output of receiving terminal detection module is connected with the second digitial controller; The output of the second digitial controller is connected with receiver module; The output of rectifying and pressure-regulating module connects load.
Further, described transmitter module comprises impedance transformer network, the first tuning capacitance and transmitting coil, wherein the first tuning capacitance and transmitting coil series connection, the input of impedance transformer network connects the output of high-frequency power supply, and the output of impedance transformer network is connected with the series circuit two ends of transmitting coil with the first tuning capacitance; Described receiver module comprises second tune electric capacity and receiving coil, wherein second tune electric capacity and receiving coil parallel connection; The output of the first digitial controller connects switching device driving signal input, the variable passive components control end of impedance transformer network, the first tuning capacitance control end of high-frequency power supply, controls the capacitance of the switching frequency of high-frequency power supply, the resistance value of impedance transformer network and the first tuning capacitance; The output of the second digitial controller is connected with second tune Capacity control end, controls the value of second tune electric capacity.
Further, the first described digitial controller and the second digitial controller include DSP module (DSP control circuit), specific works process is: when the detection signal of transmitting terminal detection module and the detection signal of receiving terminal detection module are delivered in corresponding DSP module, the frequency of the frequency shift high-frequency power supply that the first digitial controller is calculated by frequency optimization algorithm, the variable passive components value of corresponding impedance variation network and the first tuning capacitance value; The resonant frequency signal of optimization is sent to the second digitial controller by wireless communication module built-in in the first digitial controller, and the value that the second digitial controller changes second tune electric capacity according to the resonance frequency optimized reaches new resonance condition again; Repeat the above-mentioned course of work until the through-put power that detects of transmitting terminal detection module and receiving terminal detection module and efficiency meet the demands, calculate and stop, resonance frequency is now that final system optimizes resonance frequency.
Further, when the DSP module in the first digitial controller receives the voltage and current signal of transmitting terminal detection module, both calculating phase difference, regulates the value of the first tuning capacitance until phase difference is decreased to zero; Simultaneously according to the signal of transmitting terminal detection module voltage and current, digitial controller calculates the equivalent resistance R of transmitting coil and the first tuning capacitance, and then show that the value of variable passive components in impedance transformer network is with the optimum operating state of the switch realizing high-frequency power supply;
When in load impedance angle change or receiver module, receiving coil inductance and parasitic capacitance Parameters variation or the second digitial controller receive the resonant frequency signal of the optimization that digitial controller sends, in the second digitial controller, DSP module calculates the value of second tune switching capacity according to the resonant frequency signal of the receiving terminal detection module voltage and current signal received and optimization.
Further, transmitting terminal detection module comprises electric current and voltage Hall element and modulate circuit thereof, and the first tuning capacitance and transmitting coil form voltage partly, electric current and active power testing circuit; Described receiving terminal detection module comprises electric current and voltage Hall element and modulate circuit thereof, rectifying and pressure-regulating module input active power testing circuit.
Further, described impedance transformer network is made up of variable electric capacity and inductance, and the change of resistance value is controlled by the first digitial controller, realizes the optimized switch operating state of high-frequency power supply switching device by changing himself resistance value.
Further, the electric current of the transmitting coil that described frequency optimization algorithm detects from the overall power of magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device and the angle of efficiency according to transmitting terminal detection module, the voltage of the rectifying and pressure-regulating module input of transmitting coil two ends active power and the first tuning capacitance voltage and the detection of receiving terminal detection module, galvanometer calculates high-frequency power supply switching frequency, impedance transformer network resistance value, first tuning capacitance value and second tune capacitance, the above-mentioned value double counting of real-time adjustment is until efficiency and power reach requirement, transmitting coil and the first tuning capacitance reach resonance and receiving coil and second tune electric capacity and reach resonance.
The present invention can automatically follow optimum resonance frequency according to the requirement of system effectiveness and through-put power, not only achieve the frequency following of high-frequency power supply and transmitter module, also achieve the frequency following of the receiver module under different loads, there is intelligent and reliability.
Compared with prior art tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of the frequency self optimization dynamic tuning frequency that high-frequency power supply, transmitter module resonance and receiver module resonance can be regulated to have according to load variations (underloading and heavy duty etc.) and transmitting coil and receiving coil change in location (apart from, angle and dislocation etc.), to meet set power efficiency requirement.
In the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of 2, frequency self optimization dynamic tuning, in digital control impedance transformer network, the value of variable passive components can realize the optimum operating state of high-frequency power supply breaker in middle device, improves power supply output performance.
In the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of 3, frequency self optimization dynamic tuning, the tuning capacitance of digital controllable can solve the off resonance problem of transmitter module and receiver module, the analysis being only limitted to pure resistor load different from the past simultaneously, is directed to resistance sense or resistance capacitive load is applicable equally.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device structural representation of a kind of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the frequency optimization algorithm flow schematic diagram of a kind of frequency self optimization system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the main circuit isoboles that Fig. 1 simplifies.
Fig. 4 is the changed power curve chart after off resonance under resistance sense load variations.
Fig. 5 is the efficiency curves figure after off resonance under resistance sense load variations.
Fig. 6 is the changed power curve chart after off resonance under capacitance-resistance load variations.
Fig. 7 is the efficiency curves figure after off resonance under capacitance-resistance load variations.
Fig. 8 is receiving coil second tune electric capacity adjustment reduced graph.
Specific embodiments
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the concrete enforcement in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.If have process or the symbol of not special detail specifications it is noted that following, be all that those skilled in the art can refer to existing techniques in realizing or understand by usual expression.
As shown in Figure 1, be the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device structural representation of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning of the present invention, below in conjunction with this figure, operation principle of the present invention be described.
In Fig. 1, first digitial controller 4 draws optimal frequency according to the requirement of efficiency and through-put power according to the optimized algorithm set for the change of load variations, transmitting coil and receiving coil change in location and coupling coefficient, regulates the first tuning capacitance C respectively according to optimum resonance frequency first digitial controller 4 and the second digitial controller 6
1with second tune electric capacity C
2value reach new resonance condition, now the value of regulating impedance network variable passive components makes higher frequency power switching devices be operated in optimized switch state, then check power efficiency whether reach given requirements, if not, repeat said process.According to Fig. 1 setting system optimization algorithm routine schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 3 is the isoboles simplified according to Fig. 1 main circuit, and wherein high-frequency power supply is equivalent to high-frequency ac source V
aC, the first inductance L
1with the first electric capacity C
1realize the resonance in transmitter module, R
1be equivalent to the resistance of transmitting coil and power supply, the second inductance L
2with the second electric capacity C
2realize the resonance of receiver module, rectifying and pressure-regulating system and load are equivalent to the impedance load Z in Fig. 2 jointly
l(by receiving coil R
2bring in load).Suppose that the first loop 1 and second servo loop 2 reach resonance condition when load is pure resistive loads, resonance frequency f
0equal high-frequency ac source V
aCfrequency f (resonance angular frequency ω
0meet
) be now passed to load R
lpower P
l0for
Efficiency eta
0for
when load becomes impedance load Z
l(suppose resistance value R
lstill consistent) time, obviously, second servo loop 2 is by off resonance.Situation of below dividing discusses impedance load Z after off resonance
lon the impact of systematic function.
(1) as impedance load Z
lduring for resistance inductive load, i.e. Z
l=R
l+ j ω L
l, the total impedance Zs of second servo loop 2 is
Wherein
second servo loop 2 is because magnetic coupling is at the reflected umpedance Z in the first loop 1
rfor
wherein γ=n
2(1+ λ)-1, then the first loop 1 total impedance Z
pbe expressed as
Wherein
assuming that high-frequency ac power still holding frequency f
0constant, i.e. n=1, therefore Z
s=R
l+ jQ λ R
l,
as an example, a kind of parameter of resonance coupling wireless power transmission systems is f
0=1MHz, L
1=L
2=40 μ H, C
1=C
2=633.26pF, R
1=2 Ω, R
l=5 Ω, coupling coefficient k=0.1, the then power output of access resistance inductive load
Efficiency
Load output power ratio
efficiency ratio
respectively as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the Q value wherein changing second servo loop 2 can obtain different α, beta curve, Q to the curve changed with λ
1<Q
2<Q
3<Q
4.
(2) as impedance load Z
lduring for resistance capacitive load, namely
the total impedance Z of second servo loop 2
sfor
Wherein
assuming that high-frequency ac power still holding frequency f
0constant, i.e. n=1, therefore Z
s=R
l-jQ σ
-1r
l, the first loop 1 total impedance Z
pbe expressed as
as an example, a kind of parameter of resonance coupling wireless power transmission systems is f
0=1MHz, L
1=L
2=40 μ H, C
1=C
2=633.26pF, R
1=2 Ω, R
l=5 Ω, coupling coefficient k=0.1, the then power output of access resistance capacitive load
Efficiency
Load output power ratio
Efficiency ratio
respectively as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, the Q value wherein changing second servo loop 2 can obtain different α, beta curve, Q to the curve changed with σ
1<Q
2<Q
3<Q
4.
As the above analysis, the power output after off resonance and efficiency fall with load induction reactance with the ratio λ of coil reactance or load capacitive reactance relevant with the ratio σ of tuning capacitive reactance.When load is for resistance inductive load, power output and efficiency decline with the increase of λ, and the amplitude declined is very large, and the rate of change of decline is relevant with the Q value of secondary circuit during resonance, and the rate of change of the larger power output of Q value is less and the rate of change of efficiency is larger; When load is for resistance capacitive load, power output and efficiency decline with the minimizing of σ, when load institute capacitor is greater than more than tuning capacitance three orders of magnitude, power output and efficiency are substantially constant, when in load, capacitive reactance is less, can cause power output and larger the falling of efficiency, the rate of change of decline is relevant with the Q value of secondary circuit during resonance, and the rate of change of the larger power output of Q value is less and the rate of change of efficiency is larger.
To hinder inductive load, Z
l=R
l+ j ω L
l, for making second servo loop 2 resonance frequency f
rthe supply frequency f of following frequency self-optimizing Operation system setting
s.According to simple equivalent circuit Fig. 8, wherein L
1, R
1be respectively equivalent inductance and the equivalent resistance of transmitting coil, C
1be the first tuning capacitance, L
2, R
2for equivalent inductance and the equivalent resistance of receiving coil, C
sfor the parasitic capacitance of receiving coil, C
2for second tune electric capacity, then loop has
As long as the then second tune electric capacity C of second servo loop 2
2press
Change, therefore the algorithm 2 in Fig. 2 can be expressed as
wherein Z
s,
for impedance and the impedance angle of receiver module receiving coil, Z
l,
be respectively impedance and the impedance angle of load.
When load is pure resistive loads, can unidirectional change C
2value (increase or reduce) until detect that receiver module two ends and rectifying and pressure-regulating module 7 input terminal voltage and the current and phase difference flowed through are 0, the method is equally applicable to the value of adjustment first tuning capacitance.
The adjustment impedance transformer network object that makes high-frequency power supply switching device reach optimized switch operating state is to reduce switching loss to improve power supply to the efficiency of receiver module and through-put power.For E class high frequency inverter, switch ends voltage v when its optimized switch operating state is switch conduction
dSbe that 0 (namely no-voltage opens v
dS=0) and switch conduction time switch ends current versus time derivative be 0 (dv
dS/ dt=0).For a fixing switching frequency, there is a best resistance R
opt(Fig. 1 system being to the equivalent resistance of entering viewed from the first tuning capacitance and transmitting coil part) makes switch can reach optimized switch state, and therefore adjustable impedance converting network makes R
in=R
opt.
Be illustrated the disclosed embodiments above, the present invention and execution mode thereof should not be only limitted to this, are also one of embodiments of the present invention shown in accompanying drawing.General Principle as defined herein when not departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiment of the present invention, can realize in other embodiments; The section components of the embodiment of the present invention also can combine, substitute in other embodiments.Therefore the embodiment of the present invention can not be restricted to shown embodiment, but meets the widest scope consistent with disclosed principle and feature, and each parts of the present invention and similar parts thereof all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning, is characterized in that comprising:
High-frequency power supply (1), transmitter module, receiver module, transmitting terminal detection module (3), receiving terminal detection module (5), the first digitial controller (4), the second digitial controller (6), rectifying and pressure-regulating module (7) and load (8); The switching device driving signal input of high-frequency power supply is connected with the output of the first digitial controller (4); The output of high-frequency power supply is connected with transmitter module, and the input of transmitting terminal detection module is connected with transmitter module, and the output of transmitting terminal detection module is connected with the input of the first digitial controller, and the output of the first digitial controller is also connected with transmitter module; The output of receiver module is connected with rectifying and pressure-regulating module, and the input of receiving terminal detection module is connected with receiver module, and the output of receiving terminal detection module is connected with the second digitial controller; The output of the second digitial controller is connected with receiver module; The output of rectifying and pressure-regulating module connects load.
2. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning according to claim 1, is characterized in that described transmitter module comprises impedance transformer network (2), the first tuning capacitance (C
1) and transmitting coil (L
s), wherein the first tuning capacitance (C
1) and transmitting coil (L
s) series connection, the input of impedance transformer network connects the output of high-frequency power supply, the output of impedance transformer network and the first tuning capacitance (C
1) and transmitting coil (L
s) series circuit two ends be connected; Described receiver module comprises second tune electric capacity (C
2) and receiving coil (L
d), wherein second tune electric capacity (C
2) and receiving coil (L
d) in parallel; The output of the first digitial controller (4) meets switching device driving signal input, the variable passive components control end of impedance transformer network (2), the first tuning capacitance (C of high-frequency power supply
1) control end, control the switching frequency of high-frequency power supply (1), the resistance value of impedance transformer network (2) and the first tuning capacitance (C
1) capacitance; The output of the second digitial controller is connected with second tune Capacity control end, controls the value of second tune electric capacity.
3. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the first described digitial controller and the second digitial controller include DSP module, specific works process is: when the detection signal of transmitting terminal detection module and the detection signal of receiving terminal detection module are delivered in corresponding DSP module, the frequency of the frequency shift high-frequency power supply that the first digitial controller is calculated by frequency optimization algorithm, the variable passive components value of corresponding impedance variation network and the first tuning capacitance value; The resonant frequency signal of optimization is sent to the second digitial controller by wireless communication module built-in in the first digitial controller, and the value that the second digitial controller changes second tune electric capacity according to the resonance frequency optimized reaches new resonance condition again; Repeat the above-mentioned course of work until the through-put power that detects of transmitting terminal detection module and receiving terminal detection module and efficiency meet the demands, calculate and stop, resonance frequency is now that final system optimizes resonance frequency.
4. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the DSP module worked as in the first digitial controller receives the voltage and current signal of transmitting terminal detection module, both calculating phase difference, regulates the value of the first tuning capacitance until phase difference is decreased to zero; Simultaneously according to the signal of transmitting terminal detection module voltage and current, digitial controller calculates the equivalent resistance of transmitting coil and the first tuning capacitance, and then show that the value of variable passive components in impedance transformer network is with the optimum operating state of the switch realizing high-frequency power supply;
When in load impedance angle change or receiver module, receiving coil inductance and parasitic capacitance Parameters variation or the second digitial controller receive the resonant frequency signal of the optimization that digitial controller sends, in the second digitial controller, DSP module calculates the value of second tune switching capacity according to the resonant frequency signal of the receiving terminal detection module voltage and current signal received and optimization.
5. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning according to claim 3, it is characterized in that transmitting terminal detection module comprises electric current and voltage Hall element and modulate circuit thereof, the first tuning capacitance and transmitting coil form voltage partly, electric current and active power testing circuit; Described receiving terminal detection module comprises electric current and voltage Hall element and modulate circuit thereof, rectifying and pressure-regulating module input active power testing circuit.
6. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of a kind of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described impedance transformer network (2) is made up of variable electric capacity and inductance, the change of resistance value is controlled by the first digitial controller (4), realizes the optimized switch operating state of high-frequency power supply switching device by changing himself resistance value.
7. the magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device of a kind of frequency self optimization dynamic tuning according to claim 3, is characterized in that the transmitting coil (L that described frequency optimization algorithm detects from the overall power of magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transmission device and the angle of efficiency according to transmitting terminal detection module
s) electric current (I
1), transmitting coil (L
s) two ends active-power P and the first tuning capacitance voltage (U
c1) and the voltage (U of rectifying and pressure-regulating module (7) input that detects of receiving terminal detection module
2), electric current (I
2) calculate high-frequency power supply (1) switching frequency, impedance transformer network (2) resistance value, the first tuning capacitance (C1) value and second tune electric capacity (C2) value, adjust above-mentioned value double counting in real time until efficiency and power reach requirement, transmitting coil (L
s) and the first tuning capacitance (C
1) reach resonance and receiving coil (L
d) and second tune electric capacity (C
2) reach resonance.
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