CN107767813A - 一种像素驱动电路及液晶显示装置 - Google Patents

一种像素驱动电路及液晶显示装置 Download PDF

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CN107767813A
CN107767813A CN201711143603.7A CN201711143603A CN107767813A CN 107767813 A CN107767813 A CN 107767813A CN 201711143603 A CN201711143603 A CN 201711143603A CN 107767813 A CN107767813 A CN 107767813A
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switch pipe
reset
reset switch
driving transistor
storage capacitance
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侯学顺
李雪
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711143603.7A priority Critical patent/CN107767813A/zh
Priority to US15/746,455 priority patent/US20190385528A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/117177 priority patent/WO2019095494A1/zh
Publication of CN107767813A publication Critical patent/CN107767813A/zh
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种像素驱动电路及液晶显示装置，其采用6T2C结构，包括：扫描开关管(T1)、第一复位开关管(T2)、第二复位开关管(T3)、第三复位开关管(T4)、控制开关管(T5)、驱动晶体管(T6)、有机发光二极管OLED、以及存储电容(C1)和耦合电容(C2)。实施本发明实施例，可以补偿驱动薄膜晶体管阈值电压的漂移，从而提高OLED显示画面的均一性，提升显示品质。

Description

一种像素驱动电路及液晶显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种像素驱动电路及液晶显示装置。
背景技术
有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode，OLED)显示装置具有低功耗、高色域、高亮度、高分辨率、宽视角、高响应速度等优点。OLED显示装置按照驱动方式可以分为无源矩阵型OLED(passive matrix OLED，PMOLED)和有源矩阵型OLED(active matrixOLED，AMOLED)两大类。其中，AMOLED具有呈阵列式排布的像素，属于主动显示类型，发光效能高，通常用作高清晰度的大尺寸显示装置。
AMOLED是电流驱动器件，当有电流流过有机发光二极管时，有机发光二极管发光，且发光亮度由流过有机发光二极管自身的电流决定。大部分已有的集成电路(integratedcircuit，IC)都只传输电压信号，故AMOLED的像素驱动电路需要完成将电压信号转变为电流信号的任务。传统的AMOLED像素驱动电路通常为2T1C，即采用两个薄膜晶体管加一个电容的结构将电压变换为电流。
传统用于AMOLED的2T1C像素驱动电路对薄膜晶体管的阈值电压和沟道迁移率、有机发光二极管的启动电压和量子效率以及供电电源的瞬变过程都很敏感。驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压会随着工作时间而漂移，从而导致有机发光二极管的发光不稳定，引起像素驱动电路的亮度差异，降低显示品质。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种像素驱动电路，可以补偿驱动薄膜晶体管阈值电压的漂移，从而提高OLED显示画面的均一性，提升显示品质。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种像素驱动电路，该电路包括扫描开关管(T1)、第一复位开关管(T2)、第二复位开关管(T3)、第三复位开关管(T4)、控制开关管(T5)、驱动晶体管(T6)、有机发光二极管OLED、以及存储电容(C1)和耦合电容(C2)；
该耦合电容(C2)的第一端接电源线(Vdd)；
该扫描开关管(T1)的源极接数据线(Vdata)，该扫描开关管(T1)的栅极接扫描控制线(Scan)，该扫描开关管(T1)的漏极接该耦合电容(C2)的第二端和该存储电容(C1)的第一端；
该第一复位开关管(T2)的源极接该耦合电容(C2)的第二端和该存储电容(C1)的第一端，该第一复位开关管(T2)的栅极接复位信号(Reset)，该第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极接该控制开关管(T5)的漏极和该驱动晶体管(T6)的源极；
该第二复位开关管(T3)的源极接参考电压(Vi)，该第二复位开关管(T3)的栅极接该复位信号(Reset)，该第二复位开关管(T3)的漏极接收该第三复位开关管(T4)的源极和该存储电容(C1)的第二端；
该第三复位开关管(T4)的源极接该第二复位开关管(T3)的漏极和该存储电容(C1)的第二端，该第三复位开关管(T4)的栅极接该复位信号(Reset)，该第三复位开关管(T4)的漏极接该驱动晶体管(T6)的漏极和该有机发光二极管OLED的正极；
该控制开关管(T5)的源极接该电源线(Vdd)和该耦合电容(C2)的第一端，该控制开关管(T5)的栅极接驱动信号(Em)，该控制开关管(T5)的漏极接该第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极和该驱动晶体管(T6)的源极；
该驱动晶体管(T6)的源极接该第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极和该控制开关管(T5)的漏极，该驱动晶体管(T6)的漏极接该第三复位开关管(T4)和该有机发光二极管OLED的正极，该驱动晶体管(T6)的栅极接该存储电容(C1)的第二端。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种液晶显示装置，该液晶显示装置上述第一方面的像素驱动电路。
本发明实施例通过上述像素驱动电路，可以把驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)先储存在驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压(Vgs)内，再根据有机发光二极管OLED的饱和电流公式抵消Vth的影响，从而使得流经该有机发光二极管OLED的电流不再受驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压(Vth)的影响，可以补偿驱动薄膜晶体管阈值电压的漂移，从而提高OLED显示画面的均一性，提升显示品质。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的复位阶段的等效电路的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的补偿阶段的等效电路的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的发光阶段的等效电路的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的驱动时序图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应当理解，当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解，在此本发明说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本发明。如在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况，否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。
还应当进一步理解，在本发明说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
如在本说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，术语“如果”可以依据上下文被解释为“当...时”或“一旦”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地，短语“如果确定”或“如果检测到[所描述条件或事件]”可以依据上下文被解释为意指“一旦确定”或“响应于确定”或“一旦检测到[所描述条件或事件]”或“响应于检测到[所描述条件或事件]”。
参见图1，是本发明实施例提供一种像素驱动电路的结构示意图，如图1所示，该像素驱动电路包括扫描开关管(T1)、第一复位开关管(T2)、第二复位开关管(T3)、第三复位开关管(T4)、控制开关管(T5)、驱动晶体管(T6)、有机发光二极管OLED、以及存储电容(C1)和耦合电容(C2)。
该耦合电容(C2)的第一端接电源线(Vdd)，该耦合电容(C2)有两端，该耦合电容(C2)的一端称为第一端，该耦合电容(C2)的另一端称为第二端。
该扫描开关管(T1)的源极接数据线(Vdata)，该扫描开关管(T1)的栅极接扫描控制线(Scan)，该扫描开关管(T1)的漏极接该耦合电容(C2)的第二端和该存储电容(C1)的第一端，该存储电容(C1)有两端，该存储电容(C1)的一端称为第一端，该存储电容(C1)的另一端称为第二端。
该第一复位开关管(T2)的源极接该耦合电容(C2)的第二端和该存储电容(C1)的第一端，该第一复位开关管(T2)的栅极接复位信号(Reset)，该第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极接该控制开关管(T5)的漏极和该驱动晶体管(T6)的源极。
该第二复位开关管(T3)的源极接参考电压(Vi)，该第二复位开关管(T3)的栅极接该复位信号(Reset)，该第二复位开关管(T3)的漏极接收该第三复位开关管(T4)的源极和该存储电容(C1)的第二端。
该第三复位开关管(T4)的源极接该第二复位开关管(T3)的漏极和该存储电容(C1)的第二端，该第三复位开关管(T4)的栅极接该复位信号(Reset)，该第三复位开关管(T4)的漏极接该驱动晶体管(T6)的漏极和该有机发光二极管OLED的正极。
该控制开关管(T5)的源极接该电源线(Vdd)和该耦合电容(C2)的第一端，该控制开关管(T5)的栅极接驱动信号(Em)，该控制开关管(T5)的漏极接该第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极和该驱动晶体管(T6)的源极。
该驱动晶体管(T6)的源极接该第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极和该控制开关管(T5)的漏极，该驱动晶体管(T6)的漏极接该第三复位开关管(T4)和该有机发光二极管OLED的正极，该驱动晶体管(T6)的栅极接该存储电容(C1)的第二端。
具体地，有机发光二极管OLED可以是AMOLED，也可以是其他类型的发光器件。具体地，该复位信号(Reset)和该驱动信号(Em)由时序控制器TCON提供，该参考电压(Vi)为预设的恒定电压。该扫描开关管(T1)、该第一复位开关管(T2)、该第二复位开关管(T3)、该第三复位开关管(T4)、该控制开关管(T5)和该驱动晶体管(T6)均属于多晶硅薄膜晶体管、非晶硅薄膜晶体管、氧化锌基薄膜晶体管和有机薄膜晶体管中的一种。需要理解的是，该扫描开关管(T1)、该第一复位开关管(T2)、该第二复位开关管(T3)、该第三复位开关管(T4)、该控制开关管(T5)和该驱动晶体管(T6)可以属于相同的晶体管类型，也可以属于不同的晶体管类型，例如，这些开关管均为有机薄膜晶体管；再如，扫描开关管(T1)为多晶硅薄膜晶体管，该第一复位开关管(T2)为非晶硅薄膜晶体管，该第二复位开关管(T3)为氧化锌基薄膜晶体管，该第三复位开关管(T4)为有机薄膜晶体管，该控制开关管(T5)为有机薄膜晶体管，该驱动晶体管(T6)为多晶硅薄膜晶体管。
该像素驱动电路有三个工作阶段：复位阶段、补偿阶段和发光阶段。接下来将对这三个阶段进行描述。
复位阶段是将该复位信号(Reset)置于低电平，该扫描信号(Scan)和该驱动信号(Em)置于高电平。因此，该第一复位开关管(T2)，该第二复位开关管(T3)和该第三复位开关管(T4)为导通状态；该扫描开关管(T1)和控制开关管(T5)为关闭状态；驱动晶体管(T6)的栅极处的电位被复位，处于低电平状态。
参见图2，是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的复位阶段的等效电路的结构示意图。如图2所示，参考电压(Vi)输入该像素驱动电路，存储电容(C1)通过第一复位开关管(T2)和驱动晶体管(T6)释放自身存储的电荷，避免上一阶段发光过程残余的电荷干扰本次发光过程。存储电容(C1)存储的电荷释放完毕时，节点A处的电压为：
VA＝Vi-Vth
此时，节点G处的电压为：
VG＝Vi
从而，该驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)存储在该存储电容(C1)中。
具体的，该存储电容(C1)通过该第二复位开关管(T3)和该驱动晶体管(T6)放电之前，该存储电容(C1)两端(即第一端与第二端)的电压差大于该阈值电压(Vth)。可选的，复位阶段开始之前，在节点A处输入第一初始电压(Va)，在节点G处输入第二初始电压(Vb)，并且第一初始电压(Va)与第二初始电压(Vb)的电压差大于Vth，使得存储电容(C1)两端的电压差大于该阈值电压(Vth)。可选的，电路进入复位阶段时，节点A处和节点G处的电压差为Vth，当参考电压(Vi)输入时，将会使得节点A处和节点G处的电压降低，但由于耦合电容(C2)的作用，将会使得节点G处的电压降低的更多，使得该存储电容(C1)两端的电压差大于该阈值电压(Vth)。
补偿阶段是将该扫描信号(Scan)置于低电平，该复位信号(Reset)和该驱动信号(Em)置于高电平。因此，该第一复位开关管(T2)、该第二复位开关管(T3)，该第三复位开关管(T4)和该控制开关管(T5)为关闭状态；该扫描开关管(T1)为导通状态；当驱动晶体管(T6)的栅极电位到达阈值电压(Vth)加上数据线(Vdata)写入的灰度数据电压的电位时，驱动晶体管(T6)处于关闭状态。
参见图3，是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的补偿阶段的等效电路的结构示意图。如图3所示，灰度数据电压将通过数据线(Vdata)写入节点A处，节点A处的电压为：
VA＝Vdata
节点G处的电压为：
VG＝Vdata+Vth
驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压(Vgs)为：
Vgs＝Vg-Vs＝VG-Vs＝Vdata+Vth-Vs
使得驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)储存在驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压(Vgs)中。
发光阶段是将该驱动信号(Em)置于低电平，该复位信号(Reset)和扫描信号(Scan)该置于高电平。因此，该第一复位开关管(T2)、该第二复位开关管(T3)、该第三复位开关管(T4)和该扫描开关管(T1)为关闭状态；该控制开关管(T5)为导通状态；驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压驱动有机发光二极管OLED发光，在发光阶段，驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压保持不变，直到下一帧图像刷新。
参见图4，是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的发光阶段的等效电路的结构示意图。如图4所示，电源电压通过电源线(Vdd)与有机发光二极管OLED连通，驱动晶体管(T6)的源极电压为：
Vs＝Vdd
通过有机发光二极管OLED的饱和电流为：
IOLED＝K(Vgs-Vth)2
其中，K为与驱动晶体管(T6)相关的参数，Vgs为驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压，Vth为驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压，由于
Vgs＝Vdata+Vth-Vs
因此：
IOLED＝K(Vdd-Vdata)2
由上式可以知道，在发光阶段，有机发光二极管OLED的饱和电流不再受驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)的影响，从而实现了该像素补偿电路对电流的补偿，消除了Vth的影响。
在图1所示的像素驱动电路中，把驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)先储存在驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压(Vgs)内，再根据有机发光二极管OLED的饱和电流公式抵消Vth的影响，使得流经该有机发光二极管OLED的电流不再受驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压(Vth)的影响，可以补偿驱动薄膜晶体管阈值电压的漂移，从而提高OLED显示画面的均一性，提升显示品质。
参见图5，是本发明实施例提供的一种像素驱动电路的驱动时序图。如图5所示：在复位阶段，复位信号(Reset)为低电平，是有效电平，驱动信号(Em)和扫描信号(Scan)为高电平，为无效电平；在补偿阶段，扫描信号(Scan)为低电平，是有效电平，驱动信号(Em)和复位信号(Reset)为高电平，为无效电平；在发光阶段，驱动信号(Em)为低电平，是有效电平，复位信号(Reset)和扫描信号(Scan)为高电平，为无效电平。驱动时序的工作过程可参考图1所描述的像素驱动电路的工作过程，这里不再赘述。
在图5所示的像素驱动时序图中，把驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)先储存在驱动晶体管(T6)的栅源电压(Vgs)内，再根据有机发光二极管OLED的饱和电流公式抵消Vth的影响，从而使得流经该有机发光二极管OLED的电流不再受驱动薄膜晶体管的阈值电压(Vth)的影响，可以补偿驱动薄膜晶体管阈值电压的漂移，从而提高OLED显示画面的均一性，提升显示品质。
在本发明的另一实施例中提供一种液晶显示装置，该显示装置包含图1所描述的像素驱动电路。
综上所述，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，但该较佳实施例并非用以限制本发明，该领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本发明的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种像素驱动电路，其特征在于，所述电路包括扫描开关管(T1)、第一复位开关管(T2)、第二复位开关管(T3)、第三复位开关管(T4)、控制开关管(T5)、驱动晶体管(T6)、有机发光二极管OLED、以及存储电容(C1)和耦合电容(C2)；
所述耦合电容(C2)的第一端接电源线(Vdd)；
所述扫描开关管(T1)的源极接数据线(Vdata)，所述扫描开关管(T1)的栅极接扫描控制线(Scan)，所述扫描开关管(T1)的漏极接所述耦合电容(C2)的第二端和所述存储电容(C1)的第一端；
所述第一复位开关管(T2)的源极接所述耦合电容(C2)的第二端和所述存储电容(C1)的第一端，所述第一复位开关管(T2)的栅极接复位信号(Reset)，所述第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极接所述控制开关管(T5)的漏极和所述驱动晶体管(T6)的源极；
所述第二复位开关管(T3)的源极接参考电压(Vi)，所述第二复位开关管(T3)的栅极接所述复位信号(Reset)，所述第二复位开关管(T3)的漏极接收所述第三复位开关管(T4)的源极和所述存储电容(C1)的第二端；
所述第三复位开关管(T4)的源极接所述第二复位开关管(T3)的漏极和所述存储电容(C1)的第二端，所述第三复位开关管(T4)的栅极接所述复位信号(Reset)，所述第三复位开关管(T4)的漏极接所述驱动晶体管(T6)的漏极和所述有机发光二极管OLED的正极；
所述控制开关管(T5)的源极接所述电源线(Vdd)和所述耦合电容(C2)的第一端，所述控制开关管(T5)的栅极接驱动信号(Em)，所述控制开关管(T5)的漏极接所述第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极和所述驱动晶体管(T6)的源极；
所述驱动晶体管(T6)的源极接所述第一复位开关管(T2)的漏极和所述控制开关管(T5)的漏极，所述驱动晶体管(T6)的漏极接所述第三复位开关管(T4)和所述有机发光二极管OLED的正极，所述驱动晶体管(T6)的栅极接所述存储电容(C1)的第二端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述复位信号(Reset)置于低电平时，所述第一复位开关管(T2)、所述第二复位开关管(T3)和所述第三复位开关管(T4)为导通状态，所述存储电容(C1)用于存储所述驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电路，其特征在于，所述存储电容(C1)用于通过所述第一复位开关管(T2)和所述驱动晶体管(T6)放电，直至存储电容(C1)存储的电荷释放完毕，以使所述驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)存储在所述存储电容(C1)中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电路，其特征在于，所述存储电容(C1)通过所述第一复位开关管(T2)和所述驱动晶体管(T6)放电之前，所述存储电容(C1)的电压差大于所述T阈值电压(Vth)。
5.根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述驱动晶体管(T6)的阈值电压(Vth)存储在存储电容(C1)中之后，所述数据线(Vdata)用于在所述扫描控制线(Scan)的输入信号置于低电平，并且所述复位信号(Reset)置于高电平时，写入灰度数据电压。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电路，其特征在于，所述数据线(Vdata)写入灰度数据电压之后，所述有机发光二极管OLED用于在所述驱动信号(Em)置于低电平，并且所述扫描控制线(Scan)的输入信号置于高电平，并且所述复位信号(Reset)置于高电平时发光。
7.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述扫描开关管(T1)、所述第一复位开关管(T2)、所述第二复位开关管(T3)、所述第三复位开关管(T4)、所述控制开关管(T5)和所述驱动晶体管(T6)均属于多晶硅薄膜晶体管、非晶硅薄膜晶体管、氧化锌基薄膜晶体管和有机薄膜晶体管中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述复位信号(Reset)和所述驱动信号(Em)由时序控制器TCON提供。
9.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述参考电压(Vi)为预设的恒定电压。
10.一种液晶显示装置，其特征在于，所述液晶显示装置包含如权利要求1-9任一项所述的像素驱动电路。
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