CN107760909A - A kind of anti-corrosion Ag Li Y silver lithium alloys close to fine silver electrical conductivity - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of anti-corrosion Ag Li Y silver lithium alloys close to fine silver electrical conductivity.By weight percentage, alloy composition is：Li:0.5‑3.2wt.%,Y:0.2‑0.5wt.%,Mg:0.8‑1.2wt.%,Ti:0.2‑0.4wt.%,Ca:0.8‑1.5wt.%,Ge:0.1‑0.3wt.%,Pt:0.2‑0.4wt.%,Th:0.1‑0.5wt.%,Er:0.1 0.4wt.%, B:0.2 0.6wt.%, surplus are silver.Relative to conventional electrical contacts silver alloy, the material has excellent mechanical performance, high conductivity and extremely strong corrosion resistance.

Description

A kind of anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy close to fine silver electrical conductivity

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, is related to a kind of silver-colored lithium alloy.

Background technology

Electrical contact element is also known as contact or contact, and connection, disjunction, water conservancy diversion and isolation electric current are played in high and low pressure electrical equipment Effect, be one of key element of high and low voltage electrical equipment.Electrical contact element is mainly made up of contact material, and contact material is The key function material of electrical alloy, for high and low voltage switch contact, its performance directly influences power generating equipment and power transmission and transformation dress Standby technical merit.Contact material must have good conduction, thermal conductivity and resistance to electrical arc erosion, anti-melting welding, small electric mill Damage, low and stable contact resistance, not with playing chemical change using medium, having certain intensity and to be easy to machining etc. logical Property.Silver has excellent electric conductivity and thermal conductivity, becomes current contact material and develops indispensable raw material.Silver-based electricity Contact alloy is widely used in various low pressure and High-Voltage Electrical Appliances, is widely used in distribution system, household electrical appliances, traffic and control machinery equipment In.

Silver alloy has the excellent performance of some row.(1) excellent physical and chemical properties.The conduction of silver alloy and heat conduction Property is also fine.Silver alloy is very high to the resistance to corrosion of air and water.(2) good processing characteristics.Plasticity is fine, easily hot and cold Shaping；Casting silver alloy has good casting character.(3) there are some special machine performances.Such as excellent antifriction quality and resistance to Mill property, high elastic limit and fatigue limit.

Oneself the external electrical conductivity of the novel electrical contact silver alloy through exploitation can't be satisfactory, could not be more than 90% IACS, it is impossible to meet the requirement of modern industry and component to silver-based electric contact material conductance and other performance.Exploitation possesses Property silver alloy has two methods, and one kind is to add alloying element to strengthen matrix by solution strengthening, and another kind is logical Cross addition second-phase strength and mutually form silver-based composite material.Lithium is added in silver alloy as alloy element can greatly improve silver The elastic performance of alloy, electric conductivity and other performance.Develop novel silver-based electric contact alloy has turned into inevitable.

In melting and forming process oxidation easily occurs for silver-colored lithium alloy, burning is even exploded, the not only shaping to part Damaged with performance, also easily injure human body and pollution environment.One important directions of silver-colored lithium alloy industrialization are exactly such as What prevents the oxidizing fire under its high temperature.At present frequently with chlorate flux protection method and inert gas shielding in metallurgy industry Method.But both approaches have the defects of it is difficult to avoid that, such as it is also easy to produce toxic gas pollution environment and causes flux to be mingled with And damage alloy property.In addition, melting, casting equipment and complex process, increase cost.Solve silver-colored lithium alloy to melt in an atmosphere Another approach that burning is produced during refining is to add alloying element into silver-colored lithium alloy, reaches fire-retardant mesh by the method for alloying 's.Its mechanism of alloying ignition-proof method is that specific alloying element is added in silver-colored lithium alloy fusion process to influence the heating power of alloy Learn and dynamic process, formation have the dense oxidation film and nitride film of protective effect, reach and prevent alloy vigorous oxidation and nitrogen The purpose of change, and the tendency of oxidizing fire of the silver-colored lithium alloy during following process substantially reduces, and is closed so as to improve silver-colored lithium The process safety of gold.

But as a kind of contact material silver alloy, it is to meet only to have gratifying electric conductivity It is required that, it is often more important that final silver-colored lithium alloy product will also possess gratifying mechanical strength and other performance simultaneously.Cause And the content of various alloying elements how is balanced in silver-colored lithium alloy, prepare fire-retardant under atmospheric environment, prevent lithium in melting During the silver-colored lithium alloy that volatilizees, and possess excellent conductive and mechanical properties, be that one of current silver-colored lithium alloy is urgently to be resolved hurrily The problem of.

The content of the invention

Present invention aims to overcome that the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind can be under 1050-1150 degree atmospheric conditions Carry out the anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy and its processing technology close to fine silver electrical conductivity of melting.And in this temperature range melting Alloy final products there is the high conductivity possessed required for silver-based electric contact material, high intensity and excellent corrosion-resistant energy Power.This method also has production cost low, the characteristics of being easy to mass produce.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：

A kind of anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy having between 1050-1150 degree during melting close to fine silver electrical conductivity.By weight Percentages, the composition of alloy are：Li: 0.5-3.2wt.%,Y:0.2-0.5wt.%,Mg:0.8-1.2wt.%,Ti:0.2- 0.4wt.%,Ca:0.8-1.5wt.%,Ge:0.1-0.3wt.%,Pt:0.2-0.4wt.%,Th:0.1-0.5wt.%,Er: 0.1- 0.4wt.%, B:0.2-0.6wt.%, surplus are silver.The silver-colored lithium alloy in fusion process because volatilize and form the reason such as clinker and The weight of loss is in 2.0-5.0wt.% or so.

The preparation method of above-mentioned silver-colored lithium alloy, comprises the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added under atmosphere protection Electric induction furnace in, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 1050-1150 degree, and is stirred using electromagnetism Effect is mixed to be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is incubated 10 minutes in 1050-1150 degree and is poured onto heat top same level equipment Interior carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 10-15m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, every time It is 8-12% to roll lower amount.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, and technique is：260 degree, 3.1 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 670 degree, 2.9 hours；Vacuum aging processing 170 Degree, 2.6 hours.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：

（1）The present situation that patent of the present invention is directed to silver-colored lithium alloy under current high temperature and needs protect melting in melting provides A kind of novel atmosphere protection solution.By the main and secondary addition element in preferred alloy, so as to effectively prevent Burning occurs for silver-colored lithium alloy under melting state and excessive Evaporation Phenomenon is entered., not only can be big by preferable alloying method Big the shortcomings that reducing alloying element usage amount, extraordinary flame retardant effect can also be obtained and improve lithium recovery rate, final products The content of middle lithium accounts for 80-90wt.% of initial lithium addition or so.

（2）The Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy that this patent proposes has extremely excellent fire resistance, Ke Yida in the quiescent state Burnt to 5 hours are stood under atmospheric environment in 1050-1150 temperature ranges without obvious.In dynamic process, Such as liquid alloy is stirred, blown etc. during melt treatment, after its skin covering of the surface is because being stirred vigorously destroyed, remain to Rapid regeneration, successfully hinder the burning of alloy.Gained alloy surface oxide-film and nitride film have extraordinary plasticity and viscosity, Alloy surface intactly can be sprawled and covered, is effectively stopped in air intrusion aluminium alloy.And the silver-colored lithium alloy is in melting The weight that Cheng Yinwei volatilizees and forms the reasons such as clinker and lose is less than 5.0wt.% or so.

（3）The Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy is after lithium is added, so that crystal grain is refined.In addition, the alloy have it is low Liquid-solid phase solidification temperature range, can solve that hot cracking tendency is big during casting, the empty and loose substantially product yield rate of casting is low Deng technical barrier.Smelting processing method is simple, and production cost is reduced to equipment requirement than relatively low.So that alloy service life It is further improved, is easy to industrialize large-scale application.

（4）The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional silver-base alloy：Tensile strength is 820-890MPa；Traditional material Material tensile strength is less than 700MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain 102-105 (traditional material is less than 90).The material Corrosion rate in the seawater is 1.9 × 10^-4Mm/.Thus, the material be used for maritime environment can with trouble free service 40 years with On.In addition, the material reduces 5-8% or so than the density of traditional silver-base alloy.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

A kind of anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy that there are 1080 degree of meltings close to fine silver electrical conductivity.By weight percentage, alloy Chemical composition be：Li: 2.1wt.%,Y:0.3wt.%,Mg:0.9wt.%,Ti:0.3wt.%,Ca:0.9wt.%,Ge: 0.2wt.%,Pt:0.3wt.%,Th:0.2wt.%,Er:0.2wt.%, B:0.3wt.%, surplus are silver.The preparation method of alloy：Will As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating to 1080 degree, Alloy solution is formed, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is poured for 10 minutes in 1080 degree of insulations Cast onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 12m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is become at room temperature Shape is handled, and amount is 9% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, work Skill is：260 degree, 3.1 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 670 degree, 2.9 hours；Vacuum 170 degree, 2.6 hours of Ageing Treatment.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional silver-base alloy：Tensile strength is 832MPa； Traditional material tensile strength is less than 700MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain for 103 (traditional material is less than 90).The material The corrosion rate of material in the seawater is 1.9 × 10^-4Mm/.Thus, the material can be 40 years with trouble free service for maritime environment More than.In addition, the material reduces by 5.2% or so than the density of traditional silver-base alloy.The alloy in 1080 degree and 5 hours it Between stirred under atmospheric environment, the melt treatment such as refining is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material is due to evaporating and being formed The raw material proportion of goods damageds can be controlled in 2.9wt.% or so caused by the reason for clinker.

Embodiment 2

It is a kind of have 1100 degree of meltings close to fine silver electrical conductivity anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy by weight percentage, alloy Chemical composition be：Li: 2.3wt.%,Y:0.4wt.%,Mg:0.9wt.%,Ti:0.4wt.%,Ca:1.4wt.%,Ge: 0.2wt.%,Pt:0.3wt.%,Th:0.2wt.%,Er:0.3wt.%, B:0.5wt.%, surplus are silver.The preparation method of alloy：Will As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating to 1100 degree, Alloy solution is formed, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is poured for 10 minutes in 1100 degree of insulations Cast onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 12m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is become at room temperature Shape is handled, and amount is 10% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, work Skill is：260 degree, 3.1 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 670 degree, 2.9 hours；Vacuum 170 degree, 2.6 hours of Ageing Treatment.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional silver-base alloy：Tensile strength is 864MPa； Traditional material tensile strength is less than 700MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain for 104 (traditional material is less than 90).The material The corrosion rate of material in the seawater is 1.9 × 10^-4Mm/.Thus, the material can be 40 years with trouble free service for maritime environment More than.In addition, the material reduces by 6.2% or so than the density of traditional silver-base alloy.The alloy in 1100 degree and 5 hours it Between stirred under atmospheric environment, the melt treatment such as refining is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material is due to evaporating and being formed The raw material proportion of goods damageds can be controlled in 3.1wt.% or so caused by the reason for clinker.

Embodiment 3

A kind of anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy that there are 1120 degree of meltings close to fine silver electrical conductivity.By weight percentage, alloy Chemical composition be：Li: 2.9wt.%,Y:0.3wt.%,Mg:0.9wt.%,Ti:0.2wt.%,Ca:1.2wt.%,Ge: 0.2wt.%,Pt:0.3wt.%,Th:0.2wt.%,Er:0.3wt.%, B:0.5wt.%, surplus are silver.The preparation method of alloy：Will As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating to 1120 degree, Alloy solution is formed, and is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect.Alloy liquid is poured for 10 minutes in 1120 degree of insulations Cast onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carry out semi-continuous casting, it is 13m/min that ingot casting, which moves down speed,.Ingot casting is become at room temperature Shape is handled, and amount is 10% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, work Skill is：260 degree, 3.1 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution handles 670 degree, 2.9 hours；Vacuum 170 degree, 2.6 hours of Ageing Treatment.The material has the mechanical property higher than traditional silver-base alloy：Tensile strength is 865MPa； Traditional material tensile strength is less than 700MPa.And conductance (%IACS) can maintain for 103 (traditional material is less than 90).The material The corrosion rate of material in the seawater is 1.9 × 10^-4Mm/.Thus, the material can be 40 years with trouble free service for maritime environment More than.In addition, the material reduces by 5.4% or so than the density of traditional silver-base alloy.The alloy in 1120 degree and 5 hours it Between stirred under atmospheric environment, the melt treatment such as refining is without occurring obvious burning phenomenon, and material is due to evaporating and being formed The reason for clinker and cause the raw material proportion of goods damageds to control in 3.6wt.% or so.

Claims (3)

1. A kind of 1. anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy close to fine silver electrical conductivity, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, alloy Chemical composition is：Li: 0.5-3.2wt.%,Y:0.2-0.5wt.%,Mg:0.8-1.2wt.%,Ti:0.2-0.4wt.%,Ca: 0.8-1.5wt.%,Ge:0.1-0.3wt.%,Pt:0.2-0.4wt.%,Th:0.1-0.5wt.%,Er:0.1-0.4wt.%, B: 0.2-0.6wt.%, surplus are silver.
2. 2. according to claim 1 close to the anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy of fine silver electrical conductivity, it is characterised in that the system of alloy Preparation Method comprises the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses carborundum Crucible；Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect to 1050-1150 degree；It will close Golden liquid is poured onto in the same level equipment of heat top and carries out semi-continuous casting for 10 minutes in the insulation of 1050-1150 degree, and ingot casting moves down speed For 10-15m/min.
3. 3. according to claim 1 close to the anti-corrosion Ag-Li-Y silver lithium alloy of fine silver electrical conductivity, it is characterised in that comprising as follows Procedure of processing：Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 8-12% under every time rolling；Every 3 passes need to carry out Intermediate heat-treatment is hardened to eliminate processing, and technique is：260 degree, 3.1 hours；Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is： Vacuum solid solution handles 670 degree, 2.9 hours；Vacuum aging handles 170 degree, 2.6 hours.