CN103706783B - High-fusion-welding-resistance CuCr40Te contact material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-fusion-welding-resistance CuCr40Te contact material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-fusion-welding-resistance CuCr40Te contact material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal material preparation. The high-fusion-welding-resistance CuCr40Te contact material is composed of, by weight, 30-50 parts of Cr powder blanks, 0.009-0.021 part of Cu2Te intermediate alloy and 50-70 parts of non-oxygen copper bars. Compared with the prior art, the high-fusion-welding-resistance CuCr40Te contact material has the advantages that on the basis that original excellent performance of a fusion-casting CuCr40 contact material is guaranteed, a trace of a third element face which does not influence pressure resistance of a contact is added, so that the contact material is enabled to have higher fusion welding resistance, contact pressure of a conventional vacuum switch is lowered, and the objectives of miniaturization and intelligentization of the vacuum switch are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of metal material preparation is and in particular to a kind of high resistance fusion welding CuCr40Te contact material
And preparation method thereof.
Background technology
With the continuous development of Vacuum Relay Technique, voltage levels, miniaturization, intellectuality become main direction of studying.
Vacuum switch miniaturized intelligentization is mainly the closing force reducing vacuum interrupter, so that mechanism's separating brake matching component volume is reduced,
Can quick, intelligent operate, thus reaching the miniaturized intelligent of vacuum switch.
The reduction of vacuum interrupter closing force also implies that the reduction of contact pressure, thus proposing to contact material
Harsher requirement, needs to have higher resistance fusion welding energy.
For existing contact material preparation technology both at home and abroad, have been developed over vacuum casting CuCr40 contact material to optimize
Vacuum electrical contact, meets market and client 12kV and 40.5kV electric pressure, but founding contact CuCr40 has higher tension
Intensity, cannot fully meet client's needs in the vacuum interrupter requiring contact pressure to reduce.Therefore upgrading CuCr40 touches
Head material performance, improves contact material resistance fusion welding, reduction vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber contact contact pressure also becomes imperative thing.
Patent CN101402137B discloses and melts, using vacuum, the method that method prepares CuCr40 contact material, and the method is main
It is that founding becomes CuCr40 contact material under vacuum using copper and chromium.This contact compositions only has copper and two kinds of elements of chromium,
Without other third phase elements.It is mainly used in 12kV and 40.5kV electric pressure, be not suitable for the low contact pressure of existing development
In power vacuum interrupter.
Content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of high resistance fusion welding CuCr40Te contact material and preparation method thereof, this low contact pressure,
High resistance fusion welding vacuum casting CuCr40Te contact material preparation method, is ensureing the excellent break performance of founding CuCr40 contact
Meanwhile, the resistance fusion welding energy of contact can be improved, and reduce the contact pressure of vacuum switch.
The technical scheme is that and be achieved in that：A kind of high resistance fusion welding CuCr40Te contact material, it is by following
The component of weight portion is made：Cr powder base 30-50 part, Cu2Te intermediate alloy 0.009-0.021 part, non-oxygen copper bar 50-70 part.
Further, it is made up of the component of following weight portion：Cr powder base 35-45 part, Cu2Te intermediate alloy 0.015-
0.018 part, non-oxygen copper bar 55-65 part.
Further, it is made up of the component of following weight portion：40 parts of Cr powder base, Cu20.016 part of Te intermediate alloy,
60 parts of non-oxygen copper bar.
Further, described is Cu2Te intermediate alloy is derived from QTe alloy bar.
The preparation method of above-mentioned a kind of high resistance fusion welding CuCr40Te contact material, it comprises the following steps：
（1）Weigh Cr powder base, QTe alloy bar and non-oxygen copper bar in proportion, then Cr powder base, non-oxygen copper bar are directly loadable into
In casting furnace, QTe alloy bar is loaded in secondary feeder；
（2）Evacuation will be carried out in casting furnace, reach≤9x10 in vacuum-2Heated during pa, heating rate 70-80
DEG C/min, non-oxygen copper bar be completely melt after formed CuCr alloy molten solution, after CuCr alloy molten solution stirs, by QTe alloy
Rod is added in CuCr alloy molten solution by secondary feeder, fully melts, and continues to heat up by speed 70-80 DEG C/min simultaneously；
（3）Under continuous stirring aluminium alloy is heated to after 1700-1800 DEG C, is incubated 3-5min, treat that aluminium alloy stirring is filled
After point, quickly cast to crystallizer, CuCr40Te contact material is obtained with the cooldown rate cooling of 500-800 DEG C/min.
Further, described step（2）In heating rate be 75 DEG C/min.
Further, described step（3）The cooldown rate of middle temperature is 600 DEG C/min.
The ultimate principle of the present invention is：In Cu solution, Te and Cu can form a kind of Cu2Te intermediate alloy phase, Cu2Te alloy
It is a kind of fragility phase alloy it is easy to rupture.Cu in CuCr alloy graining process2Te alloy separates out between Cu, Cr phase boundary.Cu2Te
Alloy is outer except itself being easy to fracture, also reducing Cu, Cr and combine power, thus reducing the tensile strength of contact material, improving tactile
The resistance fusion welding of head material.
The design philosophy of preparation technology in the present invention：1st, due to Cu2Te alloy melting point is relatively low（900℃）, add excessive meeting
The compressive resistance of impact vacuum switch, brittlement phase excessively also can make material deformability poor.And Cu2Te is relatively few, will not cause
Due resistance fusion welding, therefore Cu2The content of Te needs to be precisely controlled.2nd, because Te content is up to 0.01%, third phase is very few
Make Cu2Te phase is difficult to be uniformly distributed in material structure.The present invention adopts Cu2Te intermediate alloy, secondary interpolation ensure that Te in material
It is uniformly distributed in tissue.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：Ensureing the original Optimality of founding CuCr40 contact material
On the basis of energy, add the micro third element phase not affecting the pressure performance of contact, so that contact material has higher resisting
Melting welding performance, reduces the contact pressure of traditional vacuum switch, reaches the purpose of vacuum switch miniaturized intelligent.
The third element phase adding in the present invention is Te, and the element such as Bi, C can also add as third element phase simultaneously
Enter, but when third element phase is Te, the minor face effect that can preferably be controlled and bring into is minimum, so that contact material tool
There is higher resistance fusion welding energy.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below will be to required use in embodiment description
Accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention one of embodiment, right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings
Other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the founding CuCr40Te contact microscopic metallographic structure figure of gained in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the macrofracture of founding CuCr40Te of gained and common founding CuCr40 macrofracture pair in embodiment 2
Compare schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described it is clear that described embodiment is only
Therein several embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of not making creative work, broadly falls into the model of present invention protection
Enclose.
Used in the embodiment of the present invention, raw material is：
（1）Cr powder base：Purity >=99.3%, oxygen content≤700ppm, powder size is in 50-300 micron；
（2）Anaerobic Cu rod：Purity >=99.95%, oxygen content≤30ppm；
（3）QTe0.5 alloy bar：Cu2Te:0.8-1.0%, oxygen content≤20ppm.
The equipment that the embodiment of the present invention is used is vacuum induction melting furnace, is industrialization melting common equipment.
Embodiment 1：
1.1st, in the embodiment of the present invention, the weight portion of required each component is：
40 parts of Cr powder base；
Cu20.016 part of Te；
60 parts of anaerobic Cu rod；
Produce the founding CuCr40Te contact material 7kg of the present invention, the actual weight of required each component is：Cr powder base
2.7996kg；QTe0.5 alloy bar（Cu2Te content presses 0.9% calculating）124.4g, anaerobic Cu rod 4.1993kg.
1.2nd, preparation process：
（1）By the weight of mentioned component, weigh Cr powder base, QTe0.5 alloy bar, anaerobic Cu rod, then by Cr powder base, no
Oxygen copper rod is directly loadable in casting furnace, and QTe0.5 alloy bar is loaded in secondary feeder；
（2）Evacuation will be carried out in casting furnace, reach 9x10 in vacuum-2Heated during pa, 75 DEG C of heating rate/
Min, non-oxygen copper bar forms CuCr alloy molten solution, after CuCr alloy molten solution stirs, by QTe0.5 alloy after being completely melt
Rod is added in CuCr alloy molten solution by secondary feeder, fully melts, and continues to heat up by 75 DEG C/min of speed simultaneously；
（3）Under continuous stirring aluminium alloy is heated to after 1750 DEG C, is incubated 4min, after aluminium alloy stirring fully, soon
Speed is cast to crystallizer, obtains CuCr40Te contact material with the cooldown rate cooling of 650 DEG C/min.
1.3rd, it is illustrated in figure 1 the CuCr40Te contact microscopic metallographic structure figure of the present embodiment founding, the metallographic group of gained
Knitting figure is gained under 100 times of metallurgical microscope.
Embodiment 2：
2.1st, in the embodiment of the present invention, the weight portion of required each component is：
35 parts of Cr powder base；
Cu20.018 part of Te；
65 parts of anaerobic Cu rod；
Produce the founding CuCr40Te contact material 7kg of the present invention, the actual weight of required each component is：Cr powder base
2.4496kg；QTe0.5 alloy bar（Cu2Te content presses 0.8% calculating）157.5g, anaerobic Cu rod 4.5492kg.
2.2nd, preparation process：
（1）By the weight of mentioned component, weigh Cr powder base, QTe0.5 alloy bar, anaerobic Cu rod, then by Cr powder base, no
Oxygen copper rod is directly loadable in casting furnace, and QTe0.5 alloy bar is loaded in secondary feeder；
（2）Evacuation will be carried out in casting furnace, reach 8x10 in vacuum-2Heated during pa, 70 DEG C of heating rate/
Min, non-oxygen copper bar forms CuCr alloy molten solution, after CuCr alloy molten solution stirs, by QTe0.5 alloy after being completely melt
Rod is added in CuCr alloy molten solution by secondary feeder, fully melts, and continues to heat up by 70 DEG C/min of speed simultaneously；
（3）Under continuous stirring aluminium alloy is heated to after 1800 DEG C, is incubated 5min, after aluminium alloy stirring fully, soon
Speed is cast to crystallizer, obtains CuCr40Te contact material with the cooldown rate cooling of 600 DEG C/min.
2.3rd, it is illustrated in figure 2 the present embodiment founding CuCr40Te macrofracture and common founding CuCr40 macrofracture pair
Ratio schematic diagram, wherein A are the macrofracture of founding CuCr40Te, and B is the macrofracture of common founding CuCr40.
Embodiment 3：
3.1st, in the embodiment of the present invention, the weight portion of required each component is：
45 parts of Cr powder base；
Cu20.015 part of Te；
55 parts of anaerobic Cu rod；
Produce the founding CuCr40Te contact material 7kg of the present invention, the actual weight of required each component is：Cr powder base
3.1495kg；QTe0.5 alloy bar（Cu2Te content presses 1.0% calculating）105.0g, anaerobic Cu rod 3.8494kg.
3.2nd, preparation process：
（1）By the weight of mentioned component, weigh Cr powder base, QTe0.5 alloy bar, anaerobic Cu rod, then by Cr powder base, no
Oxygen copper rod is directly loadable in casting furnace, and QTe0.5 alloy bar is loaded in secondary feeder；
（2）Evacuation will be carried out in casting furnace, reach 7x10 in vacuum-2Heated during pa, 80 DEG C of heating rate/
Min, non-oxygen copper bar forms CuCr alloy molten solution, after CuCr alloy molten solution stirs, by QTe0.5 alloy after being completely melt
Rod is added in CuCr alloy molten solution by secondary feeder, fully melts, and continues to heat up by 80 DEG C/min of speed simultaneously；
（3）Under continuous stirring aluminium alloy is heated to after 1700 DEG C, is incubated 3min, after aluminium alloy stirring fully, soon
Speed is cast to crystallizer, obtains CuCr40Te contact with the cooldown rate cooling of 800 DEG C/min.
The CuCr40Te of gained in embodiment 1-3 and common founding CuCr40 is carried out performance comparison, comparing result is as follows
Shown in table：
The vacuum casting CuCr40Te contact material that the present invention produces, in the experiment of 12kV/31.5KA electric pressure, contacts
Pressure is reduced to 1600N by original 3300N, successfully passes type experiment, and founding CuCr40Te touches as can be seen from the above table
Head material, on the basis of having original premium properties, due to having higher resistance fusion welding energy, significantly reduces biography
The contact pressure of system vacuum switch, so as to reach the purpose of vacuum switch miniaturized intelligent.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high resistance fusion welding CuCr40Te contact material it is characterised in that：It is made up of the component of following weight portion：Cr powder
Base 30-50 part, Cu2Te intermediate alloy 0.009-0.021 part, non-oxygen copper bar 50-70 part；
Described Cu2Te intermediate alloy is derived from QTe alloy bar；
The preparation method of described high resistance fusion welding CuCr40Te contact material, it comprises the following steps：
(1) weigh Cr powder base, QTe alloy bar and non-oxygen copper bar in proportion, then Cr powder base, non-oxygen copper bar are directly loadable into founding
In stove, QTe alloy bar is loaded in secondary feeder；
(2) evacuation will be carried out in casting furnace, reach≤9x10 in vacuum-2Heated during pa, 70-80 DEG C of heating rate/
Min, non-oxygen copper bar forms CuCr alloy molten solution after being completely melt, after CuCr alloy molten solution stirs, QTe alloy bar is led to
Cross secondary feeder to be added in CuCr alloy molten solution, fully melt, continue to heat up by speed 70-80 DEG C/min simultaneously；
(3) under continuous stirring aluminium alloy is heated to after 1700-1800 DEG C, is incubated 3-5min, after aluminium alloy stirring fully,
Quickly cast to crystallizer, CuCr40Te contact material is obtained with the cooldown rate cooling of 500-800 DEG C/min；
Institute using raw material be：
1) Cr powder base：Purity >=99.3%, oxygen content≤700ppm, powder size is in 50-300 micron；
2) anaerobic Cu rod：Purity >=99.95%, oxygen content≤30ppm；
3) selection of QTe alloy bar is：QTe0.5 alloy bar：Cu2Te：0.8-1.0%, oxygen content≤20ppm；
In Cu solution, Te and Cu can form a kind of Cu2Te intermediate alloy phase, Cu2Te alloy is a kind of fragility phase alloy it is easy to break
Split；Cu in CuCr alloy graining process2Te alloy separates out between Cu, Cr phase boundary；Cu2Te alloy, in addition to itself being easy to fracture, is gone back
Cu, Cr being reduced combine power, thus reducing the tensile strength of contact material, improving the resistance fusion welding of contact material.
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| CN111206163B (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-03-02 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of CuCr contact with high Te content |
| CN112458385B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-09-21 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Forging deformation and heat treatment method of CuCrTe metal section bar |
| CN112091216B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-02 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-welding-resistance copper-chromium fine-grain composite contact |
| CN114914109B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-03-28 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-chromium-tellurium-copper-chromium composite contact |
| CN116574937B (en) * | 2023-05-08 | 2023-10-03 | 江苏爱斯凯电气有限公司 | Contact material used as vacuum switch and preparation method thereof |
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| NL7111412A (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1973-02-21 | ||
| WO1989001231A1 (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1989-02-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Contact material for vacuum switches and process for manufacturing same |
| DE3864979D1 (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1991-10-24 | Siemens Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING MELTING MATERIALS FROM COPPER, CHROME AND AT LEAST ONE LIGHT EVAPORABLE COMPONENT, AND MELTING ELECTRODE FOR USE IN SUCH A METHOD. |
| JP3598195B2 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 2004-12-08 | 芝府エンジニアリング株式会社 | Contact material |
| JP3663038B2 (en) * | 1997-09-01 | 2005-06-22 | 芝府エンジニアリング株式会社 | Vacuum valve |
| CN101488406B (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2012-12-12 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Method for preparing CuCr25ZrTe contact tip by vacuum casting process |
| JP2011108380A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-06-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Electric contact for vacuum valve, and vacuum interrupter using the same |
| CN102286673B (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-04-17 | 上海理工大学 | Preparation method of CuCr25Me alloy cast blank |
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