CN107757333B - Solar hybrid electric vehicle - Google Patents

Solar hybrid electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107757333B
CN107757333B CN201711169635.4A CN201711169635A CN107757333B CN 107757333 B CN107757333 B CN 107757333B CN 201711169635 A CN201711169635 A CN 201711169635A CN 107757333 B CN107757333 B CN 107757333B
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China
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resistor
solar
diode
capacitor
respectively connected
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CN107757333A (en
Inventor
陈清洪
唐长芳
陈功贺杰
王勇
蒋志勤
陶勇
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Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering
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Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K16/00Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L8/00Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60L8/003Converting light into electric energy, e.g. by using photo-voltaic systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K16/00Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
    • B60K2016/003Arrangements in connection with power supply of propulsion units in vehicles from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind solar power driven
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/90Energy harvesting concepts as power supply for auxiliaries' energy consumption, e.g. photovoltaic sun-roof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar hybrid electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle frame, a vehicle roof, a tail box cover, an engine and a storage battery, wherein an ignition switch is connected to the engine, and a parking brake switch is arranged on the vehicle frame; first, second and third solar thin film battery modules are mounted on the vehicle; the solar energy automobile comprises an automobile roof, an ignition switch, a parking brake switch, a solar cell ECU (electronic control unit), a solar cell ECU), a parking brake switch, a light sensor, an ignition switch, a parking brake switch and a solar cell ECU. The invention has stable working voltage, high automation degree and high intelligent degree.

Description

Solar hybrid electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar hybrid electric vehicle technology, in particular to a solar hybrid electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles.
Background
With the development of automobile technology and the continuous application of new energy technology, solar automobiles have become an important development direction of automobiles in the future, wherein hybrid automobiles are popular because of more mature technology and stronger power compared with pure solar automobiles. Currently, research on solar hybrid vehicles has been widely conducted, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN101670777 discloses a "solar hybrid vehicle", which describes a roof, both sides and a hood on which solar receiving devices, i.e., solar panels, are laid, but there is no disclosure in the patent that the problem of unfolding and folding the solar panels, and that driving safety is affected if the surface of a cabin is covered entirely due to the need for charging during the traveling of the vehicle. In order to solve the technical problem, chinese patent publication No. CN104527441 discloses a solar hybrid electric vehicle capable of self-charging, which designs a solar cell panel structure capable of being folded, and realizes voltage conversion between a solar cell panel and a storage battery through a DC/DC converter, although the vehicle with such structure can be normally used, as the area of a plurality of solar cell panels is too small and the output voltage is different, the voltage input to the storage battery is in an unstable state for a long time, and the fluctuation is large, so that the service life of the vehicle-mounted storage battery is seriously affected, and as is generally known, the price cost of the vehicle-mounted battery in China is very high, so that the maintenance cost of the electric vehicle is also very high. Moreover, the existing solar automobile has obvious defects on a pipeline of a storage battery, and a fixed capacity proportion charging mode is usually adopted, for example, a common battery mostly adopts a battery capacity charging range of 20% -80%, the same capacity mode is adopted in any weather state, so that the workload on a battery panel is larger, and the unstable operation of the battery is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to solve the problem that the input voltage of a storage battery fluctuates greatly due to the fact that a plurality of battery plates with different sizes are arranged on the existing solar hybrid electric vehicle, and the problem that the existing solar hybrid electric vehicle lacks a function of adjusting the state of charge of the storage battery, so that the solar hybrid electric vehicle with stable working voltage and high intelligent degree is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the solar hybrid power automobile comprises a frame, an automobile top cover, a tail box cover, an engine and a storage battery, wherein an ignition switch is connected to the engine, and a parking brake switch is arranged on the frame; the solar energy system is characterized in that a second solar energy film battery assembly is arranged on the roof cover, a first solar energy film battery assembly is arranged on the engine cover, a third solar energy film battery assembly is arranged on the tail box cover, the first solar energy film battery assembly is connected with the front end of the second solar energy film battery assembly through a first winding and unwinding machine, and the third solar energy film battery assembly is connected with the rear end of the second solar energy film battery assembly through a second winding and unwinding machine; the vehicle roof cover is provided with a light sensor, the ignition switch is provided with an ignition switch sensor, the parking brake switch is provided with a parking brake switch sensor, the output end of the light sensor, the output end of the ignition switch sensor and the output end of the parking brake switch sensor are respectively connected with corresponding input ends of a solar battery ECU, the solar battery ECU is provided with at least three battery assembly interfaces, and the battery assembly interfaces of the solar battery ECU are respectively connected with the output ends of corresponding solar thin film battery assemblies; the output end of the solar cell ECU is also respectively connected with the control end of the first winding and unwinding machine, the control end of the second winding and unwinding machine, the signal input end of the hybrid power storage battery management module and the signal input end of the DC conversion module, the voltage input end of the DC conversion module is respectively connected with the voltage output end of the first solar thin film battery component, the voltage output end of the second solar thin film battery component and the voltage output end of the third solar thin film battery component, the voltage output end of the DC conversion module is connected with the input end of the storage battery, and the storage battery is also connected with the hybrid power storage battery management module through a bidirectional communication interface;
the DC conversion module comprises a chip IC1 with the model of STC15F104E, a first pin of the chip IC1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with the anode of a diode D4 and the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 is respectively connected with a second pin of the chip IC1 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, one end of a capacitor C2 and the anode of the diode D2 after being connected with the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C1 and the base of a triode D1 after being connected with the resistor R3, the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1, the emitter of the triode D1 and the eighth pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2, the cathode of the diode D7 and a conversion signal input end U1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the collector of the triode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D7 is connected with the collector of the triode D6, the base electrode of the triode D6 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R7, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and the negative electrode of the diode D2, the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the third pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with the fourth pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R7, one end of the capacitor C6 and the emitter of the triode D8, the other end of the capacitor C6 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the diode D5, the positive electrode of the diode D5 is connected with the emitter of the triode D6, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the base electrode of the triode D8, the collector of the triode D8 is connected with one end of the relay K, and the other end of the relay K is connected with the voltage output end V4; the fifth pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R11 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D11, the anode of the diode D11 is connected with the voltage input end V3, the sixth pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R10 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D10, the anode of the diode D10 is connected with the voltage input end V2, the seventh pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R9 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D9, and the anode of the diode D9 is connected with the voltage input end V1;
the hybrid power storage battery management module comprises a chip IC2 with the model of 10F220, a first pin of the chip IC2 is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is respectively connected with a management signal input end U2, one end of a resistor R12, one end of a resistor R13, one end of a resistor R16 and one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a resistor R19 after being connected with a capacitor C8, the other end of the resistor R19 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R20 and one end of a capacitor C10, the other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected with a second pin of the chip IC2 and a source electrode of a field effect tube T1, a grid electrode of the field effect tube T1 is connected with a negative electrode of a diode D12, a positive electrode of the diode D12 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R13 and a drain electrode of the field effect tube T1 after being connected with the resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is respectively connected with a third pin of the chip IC 2; the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with the resistor R21 and then connected to the positive input end of the amplifier A, the reverse input end of the amplifier A is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R22 and one end of the resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D14, the negative electrode of the diode D14 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube T3 and the source electrode of the field effect tube T2, the source electrode of the field effect tube T3 is grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube T3 is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube T2 and the other end of the resistor R15 after being connected with the capacitor C11, the grid electrode of the field effect tube T2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R18 and the positive electrode of the diode D13, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the resistor R17 and then the other end of the resistor R16 and the negative electrode of the diode D13; the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with one end of the capacitor C12, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is respectively connected with the output end of the amplifier A and the management signal output end U3.
In the invention, the installed light sensor can adopt the existing mature components and parts, and has the functions of detecting the external light intensity in real time and feeding back the light signal to the solar battery ECU; the ignition switch sensor also adopts the existing detection device, and has the functions of detecting whether the ignition switch of the automobile is in an on state or an off state and simultaneously sending a detected signal to the solar battery ECU; the parking brake switch sensor adopts the existing components, and the parking brake switch sensor is supposed to detect the state of a brake switch in the structure of the application and feed back signals to the solar battery ECU. The solar battery ECU is a control core of the system, a control chip with the model of PC8394T is adopted, a control program is preset in the chip, and the solar battery ECU respectively controls each module to work after comprehensively judging according to the detected three groups of signals and the program prefabricated in the solar battery ECU.
In the invention, when wiring is installed, a conversion signal input end U1 on a DC conversion module is connected with a corresponding output end on a solar battery ECU, a voltage input end V1, a voltage input end V2 and a voltage input end V3 on the DC conversion module are respectively correspondingly connected with voltage output ends of three groups of solar thin film battery components, and a voltage output end V4 on the DC conversion module is connected with a voltage input end on a storage battery. The management signal input end U2 on the hybrid power storage battery management module is connected with the corresponding output end on the solar battery ECU, and the management signal output end U3 on the hybrid power storage battery management module is in bidirectional communication connection with the storage battery.
Optimally, the model of the field effect tube T1 is 2SJ143, the model of the field effect tube T2 is 2SK386, and the model of the field effect tube T3 is 2SJ177.
Optimally, the first volume discharging machine comprises a motor, a tripod, wheels and a base, wherein the mounting support is arranged below the base, a connecting shaft is arranged in the middle of the mounting support, the wheels are arranged on two sides of the connecting shaft, the bearing is arranged above the base, a coupler is arranged on the side face of the motor, a large belt wheel is arranged on the other side of the coupler, the tripod is arranged on two sides of the base, a bearing mounting seat is arranged above the tripod, a winding drum is arranged in the middle of the bearing mounting seat, a rotating device is arranged in the winding drum, the rotating device comprises a bearing, a stabilizing wheel, a transmission shaft, an inner ring gear, an outer gear, a small belt wheel and a buckle, the end part of the transmission shaft is provided with the small belt wheel, one side of the small belt wheel is provided with the bearing, the outer gear is arranged on the other side of the outer gear, the stabilizing wheel is externally provided with the buckle, the tripod is provided with the bearing mounting seat, the hanging rod is provided with the hanging rod, and the hanging rod is provided with the hanging rod.
In the structure, the solar film battery is fixed on the winding drum, the motor is electrified, the motor drives the large belt pulley to rotate through the coupler, the small belt pulley rotates through the belt, the small belt pulley rotates the rotating device, the rotating device drives the winding drum to rotate through the buckle, so that the solar film battery is wound on the winding drum, when the number of the wound solar film batteries is very large, the length of the telescopic rod can be adjusted to wind more solar film, after the winding is finished, the motor is closed, the device can be moved to a position which does not hinder the operation, and the winding of the solar film battery is completed. The winding and unwinding machine provided by the invention has the advantages that the winding and unwinding efficiency of the solar thin film battery is greatly improved, the winding and unwinding machine can be applied to winding and unwinding of solar thin film batteries with various specifications, the equipment size is small, the occupied area is small, the manpower and material resources are reduced, and the solar thin film battery is protected to a certain extent.
In order to further improve the rolling efficiency of the solar thin film battery, the connecting shaft is connected with the base through the mounting bracket through bolts, and the wheels are connected to the connecting shaft through bolts.
In order to further improve the rolling efficiency of the solar thin film battery, the tripod is welded above the base, the bearing mounting seat is welded with the tripod, and the telescopic rod is connected with the tripod through a bolt.
In order to further improve the rolling efficiency of the solar thin film battery, the hanging hooks are connected with the telescopic rods through bolts, the positioning rods are inlaid on the hanging hooks, and the motor is connected with the base through bolts.
In order to further improve the rolling efficiency of the solar thin film battery, the large belt wheel is connected with the motor through the coupler, the winding drum is connected with the rotating device through the buckle, and the bearing is embedded in the middle of the bearing mounting seat.
In order to further improve the rolling efficiency of the solar thin film battery, the stabilizing wheel is connected with the transmission shaft through a key, the outer gear is connected with the transmission shaft through a key, and the inner ring gear is in gear transmission with the outer gear through a gear.
In order to further improve the rolling efficiency of the solar thin film battery, the buckle is inlaid on the stabilizing wheel, and the small belt wheel is connected with the large belt wheel through a belt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. has stable working voltage: the invention designs the voltage conversion device according to the difference of the voltage values of the battery plates at different positions, which can regulate the input voltages of a plurality of different battery plates and rectify the regulated input voltages into stable input voltages for charging the storage battery, thereby greatly guaranteeing the use safety of the battery.
2. Simple structure, be convenient for install or repacking current car: the invention can be refitted to the existing hybrid electric vehicle or pure electric vehicle, and only the corresponding device is required to be installed in the existing hybrid electric vehicle or electric vehicle, so that the invention is applicable to both the hybrid electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, and even applicable to the traditional internal combustion engine vehicle, and has wide market prospect.
3. The degree of automation is high: the solar energy power generation can be fully utilized, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, different driving states can be met, and the power generation can be realized through the 2 nd solar thin film battery pack when the automobile normally runs; after the automobile is parked, the 1 st group, the 2 nd group and the 3 rd group of solar thin film batteries can generate electricity, and as the 1 st group and the 3 rd group of solar thin film batteries are unfolded, the temperature in the automobile can be effectively reduced, and adverse effects caused by rapid temperature rise in the automobile due to open parking in summer are avoided.
4. The intelligent degree is high: the invention specifically designs the storage battery management controller which can adjust the charging capacity of the storage battery in real time so as to cope with different weather environments, the energy-saving effect is obviously improved, and the storage battery management controller adopts automatic control, does not need driver intervention and does not cause any adverse effect on driving of a driver.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a circuit structure of the solar hybrid electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a DC conversion module according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a hybrid battery management module according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first winding and unwinding machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rotating device inside the first reel-up in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side view of a first reel-up in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure, 1-frame, 2-roof, 3-tail box cover, 4-engine cover, 5-engine, 6-storage battery, 7-ignition switch, 8-parking brake switch, 9-second solar film battery assembly, 10-first solar film battery assembly, 11-third solar film battery assembly, 12-first winding and unwinding machine, 13-second winding and unwinding machine, 14-light sensor, 15-ignition switch sensor, 16-parking brake switch sensor, 17-solar battery ECU, 18-hybrid battery management module, 19-DC conversion module, 20-bearing mount, 21-positioning rod, 22-hanging hook, 23-tripod, 24-wheel, 25-mounting bracket, 26-base, 27-connecting shaft, 28-motor, 29-coupling, 30-large pulley, 31-telescopic rod, 32-buckle, 33-small pulley, 34-rotating device, 35-winding drum, 36-bearing, 37-stable pulley, 38-transmission shaft, 39-gear, 40-external gear.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the solar hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention comprises a vehicle frame 1, a vehicle roof 2, a tail box cover 3, an engine cover 4, an engine 5 and a storage battery 6, wherein an ignition switch 7 is connected to the engine 5, and a parking brake switch 8 is mounted on the vehicle frame 1; the solar energy film solar energy vehicle is characterized in that a second solar energy film battery assembly 9 is installed on the vehicle roof cover 2, a first solar energy film battery assembly 10 is installed on the engine cover 4, a third solar energy film battery assembly 11 is installed on the tail box cover 3, the first solar energy film battery assembly 10 is connected with the front end of the second solar energy film battery assembly 9 through a first winding and unwinding machine 12, and the third solar energy film battery assembly 11 is connected with the rear end of the second solar energy film battery assembly 9 through a second winding and unwinding machine 13; the automobile body cover 2 is provided with a light sensor 14, the ignition switch 7 is provided with an ignition switch sensor 15, the parking brake switch 8 is provided with a parking brake switch sensor 16, the output end of the light sensor 14, the output end of the ignition switch sensor 15 and the output end of the parking brake switch sensor 16 are respectively connected with corresponding input ends of a solar battery ECU17, the solar battery ECU17 is provided with at least three battery component interfaces, and the battery component interfaces of the solar battery ECU17 are respectively connected with corresponding output ends of solar thin film battery components; the output end of the solar cell ECU17 is further connected to the control end of the first winding and unwinding machine 12, the control end of the second winding and unwinding machine 13, the signal input end of the hybrid power storage battery management module 18 and the signal input end of the DC conversion module 19, the voltage input end of the DC conversion module 19 is connected to the voltage output end of the first solar thin film battery assembly 10, the voltage output end of the second solar thin film battery assembly 9 and the voltage output end of the third solar thin film battery assembly 11, the voltage output end of the DC conversion module 19 is connected to the input end of the storage battery 6, and the storage battery 6 is further connected to the hybrid power storage battery management module 18 through a bidirectional communication interface.
The DC conversion module 19 includes a chip IC1 of the type STC15F104E, the first pin of the chip IC1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with the anode of a diode D4 and the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 is respectively connected with the second pin of the chip IC1 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, one end of a capacitor C2 and the anode of the diode D2 after being connected with the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C1 and the base of a triode D1 after being connected with the resistor R3, the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1, the emitter of the triode D1 and the eighth pin of the chip IC1, the eighth pin of the chip IC1 is grounded, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2, the cathode of the diode D7 and the conversion signal input end U1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the collector of the triode D1, the anode of the diode D7 is connected with the collector of the triode D6, the base of the triode D6 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R7, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and the cathode of the diode D2, the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the third pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with a fourth pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R7, one end of the capacitor C6 and the emitter of the triode D8, the other end of the capacitor C6 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the cathode of the diode D5, the anode of the diode D5 is connected with the emitter of the triode D6, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the base of the triode D8, the collector electrode of the triode D8 is connected with one end of a relay K, and the other end of the relay K is connected with a voltage output end V4; the fifth pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R11 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D11, the anode of the diode D11 is connected with the voltage input end V3, the sixth pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R10 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D10, the anode of the diode D10 is connected with the voltage input end V2, the seventh pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R9 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D9, and the anode of the diode D9 is connected with the voltage input end V1.
The hybrid power storage battery management module 18 comprises a chip IC2 with the model of 10F220, a first pin of the chip IC2 is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is respectively connected with a management signal input end U2, one end of a resistor R12, one end of a resistor R13, one end of a resistor R16 and one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a resistor R19 after being connected with a capacitor C8, the other end of the resistor R19 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R20 and one end of a capacitor C10, the other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected with a second pin of the chip IC2 and a source electrode of a field effect transistor T1, a grid electrode of the field effect transistor T1 is connected with a cathode of a diode D12, an anode of the diode D12 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R13 and a drain electrode of the field effect transistor T1 after being connected with the resistor R14, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected with a third pin of the chip IC 2; the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with the resistor R21 and then connected to the positive input end of the amplifier A, the reverse input end of the amplifier A is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R22 and one end of the resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D14, the negative electrode of the diode D14 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube T3 and the source electrode of the field effect tube T2, the source electrode of the field effect tube T3 is grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube T3 is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube T2 and the other end of the resistor R15 after being connected with the capacitor C11, the grid electrode of the field effect tube T2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R18 and the positive electrode of the diode D13, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the resistor R17 and then the other end of the resistor R16 and the negative electrode of the diode D13; the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with one end of the capacitor C12, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is respectively connected with the output end of the amplifier A and the management signal output end U3.
In the invention, the solar cell ECU17 is a control chip of model PC 8394T. The model of the field effect tube T1 is 2SJ143, the model of the field effect tube T2 is 2SK386, and the model of the field effect tube T3 is 2SJ177.
Referring to fig. 5-7, the first reel electric discharge machine 12 comprises a motor 28, a tripod 23, wheels 24 and a base 26, a mounting bracket 25 is installed below the base 26, a connecting shaft 27 is installed in the middle of the mounting bracket 25, the wheels 24 are arranged on two sides of the connecting shaft 27, the motor 28 is installed above the base 26, a coupling 29 is arranged on one side of the motor 28, a large belt pulley 30 is installed on the other side of the coupling 29, the tripod 23 is installed on two sides of the base 26, a bearing mounting seat 20 is installed above the tripod 23, a winding drum 35 is installed in the middle of the bearing mounting seat 20, a rotating device 34 is installed inside the winding drum 35, the rotating device 34 comprises a bearing 36, a stabilizing wheel 37, a transmission shaft 38, an inner ring gear 39, an outer gear 40, a small belt pulley 33 and a buckle 32, an outer gear 40 is installed at the end of the transmission shaft 38, a bearing 36 is installed on one side of the small belt pulley 33, an outer gear 40 is installed on the other side of the bearing 36, an outer gear 40 is installed at the other side of the outer belt pulley 40, an outer gear 39 is installed at the other side of the outer ring gear 22 is installed at the end of the outer ring gear 37, a hanging gear 37 is installed at the outer ring gear 37 is provided with a hanging gear 31, and a hanging rod is installed at the outer ring 31.
The connecting shaft 27 is connected with the base 26 through the mounting bracket 25 by bolts, and the wheels 24 are connected with the connecting shaft 27 by bolts. The tripod 23 is welded above the base 26, the bearing mounting base 20 is welded with the tripod 23, and the telescopic rod 31 is connected with the tripod 23 by bolts. The hanging hook 22 is connected with the telescopic rod 31 by a bolt, the positioning rod 21 is embedded on the hanging hook 22, and the motor 28 is connected with the base 26 by a bolt. The large belt wheel 30 is connected with the motor 28 through the coupling 29, the winding drum 35 is connected with the rotating device 34 through the buckle 32, and the bearing 36 is embedded in the middle of the bearing mounting seat 20. The stabilizing wheel 37 is connected with the transmission shaft 38 by a key, the external gear 40 is connected with the transmission shaft 38 by a key, and the internal ring gear 39 is driven by a gear between the external gear 40. The buckle 32 is embedded on the stabilizing wheel 37, and the small belt wheel 33 is connected with the large belt wheel 30 through a belt.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the light intensity is detected by a light sensor to judge whether the sun is a sunny day or other days, the solar cell ECU receives the light signal and then judges the sun, if the sun is a sunny day, the sun transmits a signal to the hybrid power storage battery management module, and the range of the charge state of the storage battery (the charge state is the reference of the charge state of the storage battery in the field and is known by the person in the field) is adjusted so that the power generated by the solar cell can be stored in a mode of charging the storage battery (the charge state range of the hybrid power automobile is 20% -80% in general, and the highest value of the charge state can be properly adjusted here); if the weather is other, the charge state range of the hybrid power storage battery management module is kept unchanged; meanwhile, a parking brake switch signal and an ignition switch signal are sent to a solar battery ECU, if a parking brake handle is released or an ignition switch is turned on, the automobile is indicated to be running or is about to enter running, the 1 st group and the 3 rd group of solar thin-film battery assemblies are rolled up by the action of a rolling and unreeling motor, and only the 2 nd group of solar thin-film battery assemblies are in a power generation state; if the parking brake handle is pulled up for more than 5 minutes or the ignition switch is turned off for more than 5 minutes, the solar cell ECU outputs signals to the winding and unwinding machines of the 1 st group and the 3 rd group of solar cell assemblies, the two groups of solar cell assemblies are unfolded, the 1 st group, the 2 nd group and the 3 rd group of solar cell assemblies are in a power generation state, and the solar cell ECU simultaneously outputs signals to the electronic switch of the solar cell assemblies to connect the three groups of solar cell power lines. After the signal is judged, the solar cell ECU judges whether the group 2 solar film battery assemblies independently generate power or the group 1, 2 and 3 solar film battery assemblies generate power (the output voltages of the two power generation states are different) according to the signal, and the solar cell ECU outputs the signal to the DC conversion module to perform mode switching so as to enable the power generation voltage of the solar film battery assemblies to be converted into the required voltage to charge the storage battery.
The hybrid electric vehicle can fully utilize solar energy to generate electricity to charge the storage battery of the vehicle no matter the vehicle runs or parks, reduce discomfort caused by the fact that sunlight irradiates into the vehicle when the vehicle parks, and simultaneously utilize solar energy to charge the storage battery, save energy and reduce energy consumption of the vehicle, thereby reducing the use cost of the vehicle. Besides being applied to hybrid electric vehicles, the battery management system of the pure electric vehicles can be used, and the battery management system of the pure electric vehicles can be used by properly adjusting the charge state and replacing a proper DC conversion module.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solution, and although the applicant has described the present invention in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents of the technical solution of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The solar hybrid electric vehicle comprises a vehicle frame (1), a roof cover (2), a tail box cover (3), an engine cover (4), an engine (5) and a storage battery (6), wherein an ignition switch (7) is connected to the engine (5), and a parking brake switch (8) is arranged on the vehicle frame (1); the solar energy power generation system is characterized in that a second solar energy film battery assembly (9) is installed on the roof cover (2), a first solar energy film battery assembly (10) is installed on the engine cover (4), a third solar energy film battery assembly (11) is installed on the tail box cover (3), the first solar energy film battery assembly (10) is connected with the front end of the second solar energy film battery assembly (9) through a first winding and unwinding machine (12), and the third solar energy film battery assembly (11) is connected with the rear end of the second solar energy film battery assembly (9) through a second winding and unwinding machine (13); a light sensor (14) is arranged on the roof cover (2), an ignition switch sensor (15) is arranged on the ignition switch (7), a parking brake switch sensor (16) is arranged on the parking brake switch (8), the output end of the light sensor (14), the output end of the ignition switch sensor (15) and the output end of the parking brake switch sensor (16) are respectively connected with corresponding input ends of a solar cell ECU (17), at least three battery component interfaces are arranged on the solar cell ECU (17), and the battery component interfaces on the solar cell ECU (17) are respectively connected with corresponding output ends of solar thin film battery components; the output end of the solar cell ECU (17) is also respectively connected with the control end of the first winding and unwinding machine (12), the control end of the second winding and unwinding machine (13), the signal input end of the hybrid power storage battery management module (18) and the signal input end of the DC conversion module (19), the voltage input end of the DC conversion module (19) is respectively connected with the voltage output end of the first solar thin film battery assembly (10), the voltage output end of the second solar thin film battery assembly (9) and the voltage output end of the third solar thin film battery assembly (11), the voltage output end of the DC conversion module (19) is connected with the input end of the storage battery (6), and the storage battery (6) is also connected with the hybrid power storage battery management module (18) through a two-way communication interface;
the DC conversion module (19) comprises a chip IC1 with the model of STC15F104E, a first pin of the chip IC1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C4 is respectively connected with the anode of a diode D4 and the anode of a voltage stabilizing diode D3, the cathode of the diode D4 is respectively connected with a second pin of the chip IC1 and one end of a resistor R4, the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D3, one end of a capacitor C2 and the anode of the diode D2 after being connected with the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C2 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C1 and the base of a triode D1 after being connected with the resistor R3, the other end of the capacitor C1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R1, the emitter of the triode D1 and the eighth pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2, the cathode of the diode D7 and the converted signal input end U1, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the collector of the triode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D7 is connected with the collector of the triode D6, the base electrode of the triode D6 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R7, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and the negative electrode of the diode D2, the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the third pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R6 is respectively connected with the fourth pin of the chip IC1, the other end of the resistor R7, one end of the capacitor C6 and the emitter of the triode D8, the other end of the capacitor C6 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R8 and the negative electrode of the diode D5, the positive electrode of the diode D5 is connected with the emitter of the triode D6, the other end of the resistor R8 is connected with the base electrode of the triode D8, the collector of the triode D8 is connected with one end of the relay K, the other end of the relay K is connected with a voltage output end V4; the fifth pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R11 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D11, the anode of the diode D11 is connected with the voltage input end V3, the sixth pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R10 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D10, the anode of the diode D10 is connected with the voltage input end V2, the seventh pin of the chip IC1 is connected with the resistor R9 and then connected to the cathode of the diode D9, and the anode of the diode D9 is connected with the voltage input end V1;
the hybrid power storage battery management module (18) comprises a chip IC2 with the model of 10F220, a first pin of the chip IC2 is connected with one end of a capacitor C7, the other end of the capacitor C7 is respectively connected with a management signal input end U2, one end of a resistor R12, one end of a resistor R13, one end of a resistor R16 and one end of a resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C9 and one end of a resistor R19 after being connected with a capacitor C8, the other end of the resistor R19 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R20 and one end of a capacitor C10, the other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected with a second pin of the chip IC2 and a source electrode of a field effect transistor T1, a grid electrode of the field effect transistor T1 is connected with a cathode of a diode D12, an anode of the diode D12 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R14 and a drain electrode of the field effect transistor T1, and the other end of the capacitor C10 is connected with a third pin of the chip IC 2; the other end of the capacitor C9 is connected with the resistor R21 and then connected to the positive input end of the amplifier A, the reverse input end of the amplifier A is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R22 and one end of the resistor R23, the other end of the resistor R22 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D14, the negative electrode of the diode D14 is respectively connected with the grid electrode of the field effect tube T3 and the source electrode of the field effect tube T2, the source electrode of the field effect tube T3 is grounded, the drain electrode of the field effect tube T3 is respectively connected with the drain electrode of the field effect tube T2 and the other end of the resistor R15 after being connected with the capacitor C11, the grid electrode of the field effect tube T2 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R18 and the positive electrode of the diode D13, and the other end of the resistor R18 is connected with the resistor R17 and then the other end of the resistor R16 and the negative electrode of the diode D13; the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with one end of a capacitor C12, and the other end of the capacitor C12 is respectively connected with the output end of the amplifier A and the management signal output end U3; the solar battery ECU (17) is a control chip with the model PC8394T, the model of the field effect tube T1 is 2SJ143, the model of the field effect tube T2 is 2SK386, and the model of the field effect tube T3 is 2SJ177; the first coil discharging machine 12 comprises a motor (28), a tripod (23), wheels (24) and a base (26), a mounting bracket (25) is arranged below the base (26), a connecting shaft (27) is arranged in the middle of the mounting bracket (25), two sides of the connecting shaft (27) are provided with the wheels (24), the motor (28) is arranged above the base (26), a coupler (29) is arranged on the side face of the motor (28), a large belt wheel (30) is arranged on the other side of the coupler (29), a bearing mounting seat (20) is arranged above the tripod (23), a winding drum (35) is arranged in the middle of the bearing mounting seat (20), a rotating device (34) is arranged in the winding drum (35), the rotating device (34) comprises a bearing (36), a stabilizing wheel (37), a transmission shaft (38), a gear (39), an external gear (40), a small belt wheel (33) and a buckle (32), two sides of the coupler (29) are arranged on the side face of the motor (28), two sides of the base (26) are provided with the small belt wheel (33) and the small belt wheel (33) is arranged on one side of the small belt wheel (33), the other side of the bearing (36) is provided with the external gear (40), the external part of the external gear (40) is provided with the inner ring gear (39), the other side of the external gear (40) is provided with the stabilizing wheel (37), the external part of the stabilizing wheel (37) is provided with the buckle (32), the tripod (23) is provided with the telescopic rod (31), the end part of the telescopic rod (31) is provided with the hanging hook (22), the hanging hook (22) is provided with the positioning rod (21), the connecting shaft (27) is connected with the base (26) through the mounting bracket (25) through a bolt, the wheel (24) is connected with the connecting shaft (27) through a bolt, the tripod (23) is welded above the base (26), the bearing mounting seat (20) is welded with the tripod (23), the telescopic rod (31) is connected with the tripod (23) through a bolt, the hanging hook (22) is connected with the hanging hook (31) through a bolt, and the hanging hook (22) is connected with the hanging hook (26) through a bolt; the large belt wheel (30) is connected with the motor (28) through the coupler (29), the winding drum (35) is connected with the rotating device (34) through the buckle (32), and the bearing (36) is embedded in the middle of the bearing mounting seat (20); the stabilizing wheel (37) is connected with the transmission shaft (38) through a key, the external gear (40) is connected with the transmission shaft (38) through a key, and the internal ring gear (39) is in gear transmission with the external gear (40); the buckle (32) is embedded on the stabilizing wheel (37), and the small belt wheel (33) is connected with the large belt wheel (30) through a belt; when the solar battery charging system works, the light intensity is detected by the light sensor to judge whether the solar battery charging system is in a sunny day or other days, the solar battery ECU receives the light signal and then judges the solar battery charging system, if the solar battery charging system is in a sunny day, the solar battery charging system transmits the signal to the hybrid power storage battery management module, and the state of charge range of the storage battery is adjusted so that the power generated by the solar battery can be stored in a storage battery charging mode; if the weather is other, the charge state range of the hybrid power storage battery management module is kept unchanged; meanwhile, a parking brake switch signal and an ignition switch signal are sent to a solar battery ECU, if a parking brake handle is released or an ignition switch is turned on, the automobile is indicated to be running or is about to enter running, the 1 st group and the 3 rd group of solar thin-film battery assemblies are rolled up by the action of a rolling and unreeling motor, and only the 2 nd group of solar thin-film battery assemblies are in a power generation state; if the parking brake handle is pulled up for more than 5 minutes or the ignition switch is turned off for more than 5 minutes, the solar cell ECU outputs signals to the winding and unwinding machines of the 1 st group of solar cell modules and the 3 rd group of solar cell modules, the 1 st group of solar cell modules, the 2 nd group of solar cell modules and the 3 rd group of solar cell modules are in a power generation state, and the solar cell ECU outputs signals to the electronic switch of the solar cell modules at the same time, so that the three groups of solar cell power lines are connected; after the signals are judged, the solar cell ECU judges whether the 2 nd group of solar film battery assemblies independently generate power or the 1, 2 and 3 groups of solar film battery assemblies generate power simultaneously according to the signals, and the solar cell ECU outputs signals to the DC conversion module to perform mode switching so as to enable the generated voltage of the solar film battery assemblies to be converted into the required voltage to charge the storage battery.
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