CN107747050A - A kind of ferritic stainless steel alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of ferritic stainless steel alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107747050A CN107747050A CN201710902694.1A CN201710902694A CN107747050A CN 107747050 A CN107747050 A CN 107747050A CN 201710902694 A CN201710902694 A CN 201710902694A CN 107747050 A CN107747050 A CN 107747050A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides one kind：C≤0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%, Si≤0.5%, Mn 0.3~0.8%, Cr 19.0~24.0%, Cu 0.2 1.5%, Nb 0.01~0.6%, Ti 0.01~0.6%, N≤0.05%, Al 0.05~1.5%, mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium：0.01~0.1%, Fe surplus.Using smelting, casting, ingot casting or strand cogging, hot rolling, roll the processes such as after annealing pickling and be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel alloy material technical field, and in particular to it is a kind of without nickel without molybdenum high corrosion-resistant ferrite not
Rust steel and its manufacture method.
Background technology
Ferritic stainless steel refers to the stainless steel based on ferritic structure in a state of use, and its chrome content is in 12%-
30%, there is body-centered cubic crystal structure.This kind of steel is typically without nickel or few nickel, sometimes also containing members such as a small amount of molybdenum, niobium and titaniums
Element.This kind of steel typically has the characteristics that thermal conductivity factor is big, the coefficient of expansion is small, good in oxidation resistance and stress corrosion resistant are excellent, uses
In the parts for manufacturing resistance to air, vapor and oxidizing acid corrosion.But toughness plasticity is poor, brilliant under room temperature and low temperature due to it
Between the shortcomings of corrosion susceptibility is high, plasticity and corrosion resistance substantially reduce after welding, and these shortcomings are with the increasing of its sectional dimension
Add, cooling velocity it is slack-off etc. and more obvious.To improve disadvantage mentioned above, by reducing carbon in steel, nitrogen content, such steel is to super
The direction of low-carbon and nitrogen and super-purity ferrite stainless steel is developed.
Therefore, further to reduce cost, improving decay resistance and improving hot-working character, the present invention considers
The factors such as production cost, corrosion resisting property, a kind of economical no nickel is have developed without molybdenum, cupric, aluminium and rare earth and corrosion resisting property is excellent
Good ferritic stainless steel.The present invention ferritic stainless steel alloy material, can be widely applied to kitchen utensils, communications and transportation,
The every field such as vehicle part, building decoration, electronic device.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind without nickel without molybdenum high corrosion-resistant ferritic stainless steel and its manufacture method.
The mass percent of ferritic stainless steel alloy material ingredient of the present invention is：C≤0.02%, S≤
0.02%, P≤0.02%, Si≤0.5%, Mn 0.3~0.8%, Cr 19.0~24.0%, Cu 0.2-1.5%, Nb 0.01
~0.6%, Ti 0.01~0.6%, N≤0.05%, Al 0.05~1.0%, rare earth：0.01~0.1%, Fe surplus.
Rare earth is preferably mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium.
Lanthanum accounts for Zhi amount Bai Fen Bi≤41% of mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium in preferable mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium, and it is dilute that cerium accounts for the mixing of lanthanum cerium
Zhi amount Bai Fen Bi≤50% of soil.
Preferable mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium also containing praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium rare earth element one or more, rare earth contained therein
Element summation accounts for mass percent >=99.5% of mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium.
The preparation method of ferritic stainless steel alloy material of the present invention includes：Smelting-ingot casting or ingot formation-heat
Retrogressing is rolled-rolls to fight pickling.
Preferable described smelt uses any technique in vaccum sensitive stove, electric furnace+external refining, converter+external refining,
Rare earth is added before tapping casting, cast temperature is controlled at 1500-1650 DEG C.The ingot casting or ingot formation using hammer cogging or
Continuous casting and rolling, heating-up temperature are 1000-1200 DEG C, and at 1050-1200 DEG C, final forging temperature control exists the control of cogging initial forging temperature
800-950℃.1000-1200 DEG C of blank heating temperature during the hot rolling, start rolling temperature control is at 1050-1200 DEG C, finish to gauge temperature
Degree control is at 800-950 DEG C.It is described to roll after annealing pickling and made for steel forging or hot-roll annealing and pickling, annealing temperature 850-
1000 DEG C, 2-5 minutes are incubated, furnace cooling to taking-up and pickling during room temperature.
Ferritic stainless steel alloy material of the present invention has high corrosion-resistant.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, each element composition of the present invention and its mechanism are as follows：
C and N：C and N be out of favour in ferritic stainless steel but unavoidable important element.Mainly due to it
Solubility in ferrite it is very low.Carbon easily reacts the carbide to form chromium with chromium, reduces the corrosion resistance of steel；Nitrogen has in steel
Certain solution strengthening effect, but nitrogen easily forms the nitride or carbon nitrogen of niobium, vanadium and titanium with elements such as the niobium in steel, vanadium and titaniums
Complex chemical compound.If the carbon, nitrogen content in ferritic stainless steel are too high, brittle transition temperature can be caused to raise, crackle lacks
Mouthful sensitiveness and Susceptibility To Intergranular Corrosion is big and postwelding corrosion resistance declines etc..Therefore, it is necessary to reduce theirs as far as possible by smelting
Content is simultaneously fixed using strong carboritride formation element.The present invention has considered the performance of ferritic stainless steel, work
Skill feasibility and cost etc. factor, control C, N content are respectively C≤0.02%, N≤0.05%.
Si:Si is a kind of alloying element, plays solid solution strengthening effect and deoxidation, moreover it is possible to improve the high-temperature oxidation resistant of steel
Property.But ductility of the silicone content compared with Gao Shigang can be deteriorated.Therefore, consider from the hot-workability of ferritic stainless steel, its content model
Enclose for Si≤0.5%.
Mn：Mn not only plays solution strengthening effect but also plays deoxidation as Si.Manganese content increase can significantly improve steel
Intensity, but the toughness plasticity of steel can be also reduced, therefore Mn contents of the present invention control is 0.3~0.8%.
P、S：P and S is harmful element in stainless steel, therefore to reduce their content as far as possible.P can produce cold short, and S
In steel except can produce it is hot-short in addition to, can also reduce the corrosion resisting property of steel.Other S is easily and Mn reactions generate strip manganese sulfide,
Seriously reduce the side knock performance of steel plate.So usual P, S content will be controlled less than 0.03%, P of the invention and
S contents are controlled in S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%.
Cr：Cr is ferrite former, and main function is exactly the corrosion resistance for improving stainless steel, but when chromium content is too high,
On the one hand cost can be increased, another aspect machinability can be deteriorated.Therefore patent Cr contents of the present invention control 19.0~
24.0%.
Al：Al is a kind of strong deoxidant element, can effectively reduce oxygen content in steel.In addition, appropriate Al can be solid-solution in steel
In matrix, in addition to solution strengthening effect is played, moreover it is possible to form Al on the surface of steel with together with Cr2O3And Cr2O3, can significantly endure high ferro
Decay resistance, antioxygenic property and the machine-shaping property of ferritic stainless steel.In this patent Al content control 0.05~
1.0%.
Cu：Cu is very weak austenite former, but the addition of a small amount of copper is to the institutional framework of ferritic stainless steel
Do not produce significant impact.The addition of copper can effectively improve the corrosion resistance and machine-shaping property of steel in ferritic stainless steel.Therefore,
Cu contents control of the present invention is in 0.2-1.5%.
Nb、Ti：Nb and Ti is ferrite former, and they have very strong chemical combination with C, N, can be formed stable
Nb and Ti carbonitride, and can fining ferrite stainless steel crystal grain, the toughness, processability and resistance to intergranular for improving steel is rotten
Corrosion energy.Therefore, Nb of the invention and Ti content range Nb 0.01~0.6%, Ti 0.01~0.6%.
In addition, the still another feature of the present invention is to add La and Ce mixed rare-earth elements, their chemical property are active, atomic weight
Quite and property is similar, and solution strengthening effect is not only played in steel, moreover it is possible to improves the stability of rich Cr passivating films, improves corrosion-resistant
Property；In addition, the rare-earth enrichment being solid-solubilized in steel in crystal boundary, can improve grain-boundary strength and anti intercrystalline corrosion ability.Alloy of the present invention
The content range of La, Ce mischmetal is 0.01~0.1%.
The corrosion resisting property of alloy of the present invention is excellent, also with preferable thermo forming performance.Its corrosion resisting property and
SUS304 austenitic stainless steels are suitable, but its cost is far below SUS304 austenitic stainless steels；Alloy ratio SUS304's of the present invention
Density is low, and under weight same case, stock utilization can improve 2.5%, and good heat conductivity, thermal coefficient of expansion are small；In addition,
The r values of alloy of the present invention are higher than SUS304, so deep-draw deep drawability is superior, available for kitchen utensils and building decoration etc. pair
Material corrosion resistance requires high industry, and cost of material can be greatly reduced and reduce material usage.Therefore, if substituted with it
Material cost not only is greatly reduced in SUS304 austenitic stainless steels, and the workpiece life-span also greatly improves, and this is to development resource
Conservation-minded society is of great significance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The alloy and comparative example 1-3 grade of steel prepared for the embodiment of the present invention 4 (also referred to as " alloy 4 " of the present invention),
I.e. SUS430, SUS410L ferritic stainless steel and SUS304 austenite stainless grade of steel are in 50 DEG C of 10%FeCl3 6H2O solution passes through
Pitting test photo after 48h.
Embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated with reference to embodiments, but these embodiments do not form any limit to the present invention
System.
The preparation of the corrosion resistant ferritic stainless steel alloy materials of embodiment 1-5：According to set by the present invention chemistry into
Divide scope, 5 stove steel have been smelted in vaccum sensitive stove, its composition is shown in Table 1.Specific preparation method is as follows：Smelting-ingot casting or ingot casting
Cogging-hot rolling-is rolled retrogressing and fought pickling,
(1) smelting uses vacuum induction technique, and rare earth is added before tapping casting, and cast temperature is controlled in 1500-
1650℃。
(2) ingot casting or ingot formation use hammer cogging or continuous casting and rolling, and heating-up temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, and cogging is begun
Temperature control is forged at 1050-1200 DEG C, final forging temperature is controlled at 800-950 DEG C.
(3) 1000-1200 DEG C of blank heating temperature during hot rolling, start rolling temperature control is at 1050-1200 DEG C, finishing temperature control
System is at 800-950 DEG C.
(4) it is that steel forging is made or hot-roll annealing and pickling, annealing temperature are 850-1000 DEG C to roll after annealing pickling, is incubated 2-
5 minutes, furnace cooling to taking-up and pickling during room temperature.
The samples such as mechanical property, corrosion test and the hardness of alloy of the present invention are directly from the sheet material after hot-roll annealing pickling
Upper laterally sampling.
Comparative example 1-3：For ease of contrast, SUS430, SUS410L ferritic stainless steel have also been smelted simultaneously and SUS304 is difficult to understand
Family name's body stainless steel, comparative example 1,2,3 is labeled as successively.Contrast test smelted with embodiment identical, forging, hot rolling and corruption
Carried out under the conditions of corrosion test etc..
Test example：
Carry out the chemical composition of alloy and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel (its rare earth elements is represented with RE) described in embodiment 1-5,
Mechanical performance, decay resistance contrast test, concrete outcome see the table below：
Alloy and the chemical composition (wt%) of comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by the embodiment 1-5 of table 1
Alloy and the physical property of comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by the embodiment 1-5 of table 2
Alloy and the normal temperature mechanical property of comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by the embodiment 1-5 of table 3
Alloy and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by the embodiment 1-5 of table 4 is in boiling temperature 5% (wt.%) H2SO4In the aqueous solution
Homogeneous corrosion performance
The point of alloy and comparative example 1-3 grades of steel prepared by the embodiment 1-5 of table 5 in 30 DEG C of 3.5% (wt.%) NaCl solution
Corrosion test result
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ferritic stainless steel alloy material, it is characterised in that the mass percent of the alloy material ingredient is：C
≤ 0.02%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%, Si≤0.5%, Mn 0.3~0.8%, Cr 19.0~24.0%, Cu 0.2-
1.5%, Nb 0.01~0.6%, Ti 0.01~0.6%, N≤0.05%, Al 0.05~1.0%, rare earth：0.01~
0.1%, Fe surplus.
2. ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rare earth is that the mixing of lanthanum cerium is dilute
Soil.
3. ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that lanthanum in the mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium
Zhi amount Bai Fen Bi≤41% of mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium is accounted for, cerium accounts for Zhi amount Bai Fen Bi≤50% of mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium.
4. ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium also contains
There are praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, the one or more of samarium rare earth element, rare earth element summation contained therein accounts for the quality hundred of mixed rare earth of lanthanum and cerium
Divide ratio >=99.5%.
5. the preparation method of the ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that institute
Stating preparation method includes：Smelting-ingot casting or ingot formation-hot rolling-roll retrogressing and fought pickling.
6. the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the smelting is adopted
With any technique in vaccum sensitive stove, electric furnace+external refining, converter+external refining, rare earth, casting are added before tapping casting
Temperature control is at 1500-1650 DEG C.
7. the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the ingot casting or
Ingot formation uses hammer cogging or continuous casting and rolling, and heating-up temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, and cogging initial forging temperature is controlled in 1050-
1200 DEG C, final forging temperature is controlled at 800-950 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 7, it is characterised in that during the hot rolling
1000-1200 DEG C of blank heating temperature, start rolling temperature are controlled at 1050-1200 DEG C, and finishing temperature control is at 800-950 DEG C.
9. the preparation method of ferritic stainless steel alloy material according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described to roll retrogressing
Fiery pickling is that steel forging is made or hot-roll annealing and pickling, annealing temperature are 850-1000 DEG C, is incubated 2-5 minutes, furnace cooling is arrived
Simultaneously pickling is taken out during room temperature.
10. according to the ferritic stainless steel alloy material described in claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the alloy material
With high corrosion-resistant.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109182912A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-11 | 东北大学 | A kind of rare earth treatment is containing 430 ferritic stainless steel of copper and tin and preparation method thereof |
| CN113278866A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of ferritic stainless steel for stopper rod |
| CN114635076A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-17 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | High-strength ferrite stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261744A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-01 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-toughness low-chromium ferrite stainless steel medium plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101787495A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-07-28 | 日新制钢株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel and steel sheet for heat pipes, and heat pipe and high-temperature exhaust heat recovery system |
| CN103958717A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-07-30 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel |
| CN104711493A (en) * | 2015-04-08 | 2015-06-17 | 华北理工大学 | Nickel-saving rare-earth/barium-containing biphase stainless steel alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1271027A (en) * | 1999-04-19 | 2000-10-25 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Stainless steel material for solid polymer fuel battery |
| CN101381845A (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2009-03-11 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High-purity ferrite stainless steel material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101787495A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-07-28 | 日新制钢株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel and steel sheet for heat pipes, and heat pipe and high-temperature exhaust heat recovery system |
| CN103958717A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-07-30 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Ferritic stainless steel |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109182912A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-11 | 东北大学 | A kind of rare earth treatment is containing 430 ferritic stainless steel of copper and tin and preparation method thereof |
| CN114635076A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-06-17 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | High-strength ferrite stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN113278866A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-20 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of ferritic stainless steel for stopper rod |
| CN115261744A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-01 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-toughness low-chromium ferrite stainless steel medium plate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115261744B (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2023-10-27 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | High-toughness low-chromium ferrite stainless steel medium plate and manufacturing method thereof |
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