CN107743667B - 用于铝构件的接地端子 - Google Patents

用于铝构件的接地端子 Download PDF

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CN107743667B
CN107743667B CN201680031486.2A CN201680031486A CN107743667B CN 107743667 B CN107743667 B CN 107743667B CN 201680031486 A CN201680031486 A CN 201680031486A CN 107743667 B CN107743667 B CN 107743667B
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adapter
ground terminal
grounding screw
soldered fitting
component
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CN107743667A (zh
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G·布伦宁格
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections
    • H01R4/029—Welded connections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/621—Bolt, set screw or screw clamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/62—Connections between conductors of different materials; Connections between or with aluminium or steel-core aluminium conductors
    • H01R4/625—Soldered or welded connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/64—Connections between or with conductive parts having primarily a non-electric function, e.g. frame, casing, rail
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/20—Ferrous alloys and aluminium or alloys thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
    • H01R2201/26—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于铝构件、尤其是车身构件(3)的接地端子，包括在插入表面扩大的适配器(8；12)的情况下固定在该铝构件上的接地螺柱(4)，该接地螺柱由相对于铝构件更高强度并且电化序不同的材料、尤其是钢制成；和将接地导体(2)的电缆接线片(1)夹紧在接地螺柱的相对应的接触表面(7)上的螺纹元件(5)，根据本发明以制造简单的方式这样确保持续的高功能可靠性，即，所述接地螺柱(4)与适配器(8；12)由耐腐蚀性匹配的材料制成并且相互材料锁合地连接，并且所述适配器至少在构件侧镀锌并且在与构件(3)无接触的位置通过以铝作为填料制成的钎焊接头(11)大表面地固定在该构件上。

Description

用于铝构件的接地端子
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于铝构件、尤其是车身构件的接地端子，包括在插入面积扩大的适配器的情况下固定在铝构件上的接地螺柱，该接地螺柱由相对于铝构件更高强度并且电化序不同的材料、尤其是钢制成；和将接地导体的电缆接线片夹紧在接地螺柱的相对应的接触表面上的螺纹元件。
背景技术
DE 10249918 A1公开了这种用于铝构件的、包括钢制接地螺柱的接地端子，其中，在螺柱和铝构件之间接入套筒状间隔件形式的适配器，该适配器由与铝构件相容的材料、优选也由铝制成。接地螺柱与间隔件形状锁合和/或摩擦锁合地抗扭连接。这种已知的接地端子的问题在于其在钢制螺柱和铝适配器之间的接口处显著的易腐蚀性和由此产生的、在暂时极高的、直至1000A或更高的电流下与接地导体的电缆接线片的接触电阻。另外，必须以相对于结构尺寸极高的拧紧力矩来拧紧螺纹元件，以便机械牢固地夹紧接地导体的电缆接线片与接地端子，但接地螺柱与铝适配器的形状锁合和/或摩擦锁合连接却因材料而只能承受有限的扭矩并因此常常不能承受所要求的拧紧力矩。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于这样构造开头所提类型的接地端子，使得以制造技术简单的方式确保持续的高功能可靠性。
根据本发明，接地端子的功能可靠性在多个方面被显着改善。因此，接地端子的耐负荷性和因此螺纹元件的容许拧紧力矩通过下述方式显著提高，即，在接地螺柱和适配器之间的接口构造为材料锁合的，即优选构造为一体的或者构造为熔焊接头，并且在适配器和构件之间的接口构造成大面积的并且作为在构件侧借助铝作为填料的焊接接头以及在适配器侧借助锌涂层作为熔剂的钎焊接头的组合而高度耐负荷。同时接地端子具有显著改善的耐腐蚀性，因为接地螺柱和适配器材料相同并且因此无电化序差异地彼此连接并且适配器在另一接口上与构件保持无接触并且位于其间的间隙通过钎焊接头中受控的材料过渡部跨接。最后，接地端子也具有极低的接触电阻，因为除了所使用材料的高导电性外各个连接点也可毫无问题地借助相应于所需电流负荷的大通过横截面来确定。此外，根据本发明的接地端子具有制造简单、可成批生产且便于安装的结构。
另一种制造技术简化在于，所述钎焊接头构造为在适配器边缘和构件之间线性连续延伸的角焊缝。
适配器优选构造为平行于构件的表面延伸在钎焊接头上方自由悬伸的、在自由端部上与接地螺柱连接的适配板。由此一方面在构件侧导入的振动可在经过可振动连接的适配板的路程上减弱地传递到接地螺柱上并且另一方面不仅在钎焊接头上而且也在适配器其余表面上出于防腐蚀原因避免了适配器与构件的直接连接。
在一些应用情况中、尤其是在接地端子设置在机动车外部区域中时，仅适配器在构件上的无接触连接结合在钎焊接头上受控的材料过渡部不足以实现持久有效的防腐蚀保护，因此接地端子可附加地涂覆防腐蚀层。
已证明特别有利的是，钎焊接头通过本身已知的极性交替的冷金属过渡法制成，并且在此优选根据钎焊接头上的相应材料配对而可变地调节极性交替。
附图说明
下面结合附图参考两种实施例详细说明本发明。高度示意示出的附图如下：
图1a、b以侧视图(a)和俯视图(b)示出根据本发明构造的接地端子；和
图2a、b也以侧视图(a)和俯视图(b)示出本发明的另一种实施例的相应于图1的视图。
具体实施方式
附图中所示的接地端子用于机械和电气连接可承受高电气负荷的接地导体2的电缆接线片1和铝构件和尤其是车身构件3并且作为主要组件包括钢制的接地螺柱4和与其旋接的呈螺母形式的螺纹元件5，该螺母作为带肩螺母和/或在插入止动片6的情况下以高拧紧力矩拧紧到接地导体2的电缆接线片1上，使得电缆接线片以相应高的预紧力固定在螺纹元件5和接地螺柱4的相对应的接触表面7之间。
接地螺柱4在铝构件3上的电气和机械连接通过中间接入的呈镀锌的钢板形式的适配器8实现，接地螺柱4与该适配器的一个端部区段例如以电弧点燃(Hubzündung)的方式大面积地且材料相同地在附图标记9处熔焊。在与接地螺柱4相对置的端部上，适配板8设有线性轮廓化的边缘区段10并且通过钎焊接头11耐负荷地固定在铝构件3上。在此重要的是，适配板8在整个下侧上与铝构件3保持距离并且位于其间的间隙s即使在制造钎焊接头11时也未在适配器边缘10上消失，而是仅通过钎焊接头填充和跨接。
钎焊接头11根据以铝作为填料并且极性交替的冷金属过渡法制造。在此在铝构件3侧产生具有大面积熔焊连接的受控的材料过渡部并且在相应轮廓化的适配器边缘10侧也产生大面积的以锌涂层作为熔剂的钎焊连接。对于各种铝/钢配对，冷金属过渡工艺的极性交替能够可变地调节。
图2所示的接地端子(在图2中相应于第一种实施例的部件用同一附图标记表示)与第一种实施例的主要区别在于，适配器8作为面积扩大的支承板12一体成形在接地螺柱4上并且在两侧分别通过在又镀锌的并且线性轮廓化的外部边缘10上的钎焊接头11固定在铝构件3上，在此这样选择边缘轮廓，使得在支承板12侧产生大面积的钎焊连接。在该实施例中，支承板12也在制造钎焊接头11时与构件3保持足以避免腐蚀现象的大距离，使得在位于其间的间隙s中在支承板边缘10上在不与构件直接接触的情况下又在钎焊接头11中形成受控的材料过渡部。在其它方面，结构和功能与上述实施例相同。
如必要，还可通过下述方式改善所述接地端子的耐腐蚀性，尤其是在其应用于处于恶劣运行条件下的外部区域中时，即，事后至少在其钎焊接头11的区域中涂覆防腐蚀层。
在本发明范围中可进行许多修改。接地螺柱4和/或适配器8代替由钢制成也可由其它可彼此良好熔焊的材料制成。此外，接地端子也可与其导电性能无关地用于将与铝不相容的构件纯机械地固定在由铝制成的车身构件上。
附图标记列表
1 电缆接线片
2 接地导体
3 铝构件
4 接地螺柱
5 螺纹元件
6 止动片
7 接触表面
8 适配器
9 熔焊接头
10 适配器边缘
11 钎焊接头
12 适配板
s 间隙

Claims (10)

1.用于铝构件(3)的接地端子，包括：在插入面积扩大的适配器(8；12)的情况下固定在所述铝构件上的接地螺柱(4)，该接地螺柱由相对于所述铝构件更高强度并且电化序不同的材料制成；和将接地导体(2)的电缆接线片(1)夹紧在所述接地螺柱的相对应的接触表面(7)上的螺纹元件(5)，其特征在于，接地螺柱(4)和适配器(8；12)由彼此耐腐蚀性匹配的材料制成并且相互材料锁合地连接，并且所述适配器至少在构件侧镀锌并且在与铝构件(3)无接触的位置通过以铝作为填料制成的钎焊接头(11)而大面积地固定在该铝构件上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述适配器(12)一体成形在接地螺柱(4)上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述适配器(8)与接地螺柱(4)分开预制并被镀锌并且随后与接地螺柱焊接。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述钎焊接头(11)包括在镀锌的适配器边缘(10)上连续延伸的角焊缝。
5.根据权利要求4所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述适配器(8)构造为平行于铝构件(3)的表面延伸在钎焊接头(11)上方自由悬伸的、在自由端部上与接地螺柱(4)连接的适配板。
6.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述适配器(8；12)和铝构件(3)至少在钎焊接头(11)的区域中涂覆有防腐蚀层。
7.根据权利要求1至3中之一所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述钎焊接头(11)通过极性交替的冷金属过渡法制成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述极性交替能够根据铝构件(3)和适配器(8；12)的材料配对而可变地调节。
9.根据权利要求1所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述铝构件是车身构件。
10.根据权利要求1所述的接地端子，其特征在于，所述接地螺柱由钢制成。
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DE102015217383.6A DE102015217383A1 (de) 2015-09-11 2015-09-11 Masseanschluss für ein Aluminiumbauteil
DE102015217383.6 2015-09-11
PCT/EP2016/064810 WO2017041919A1 (de) 2015-09-11 2016-06-27 Masseanschluss für ein aluminiumbauteil

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US20180109008A1 (en) 2018-04-19
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EP3347949B1 (de) 2019-08-28

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