CN107727832A - A kind of method and device for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of method and device for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method and device for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency.Thermal evolution history is buried according to target, obtains geologic parameter, and be converted into experiment condition；Heat-press simulation experiment is carried out to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition；Measure experimental product；Organic element analysis, pyrolysis and organic carbon analysis are carried out to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil, obtain their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values；The relational expression with the H/C atomic ratios of the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample and geology maturity Ro is established, obtains laboratory sample in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point；According to the metering of experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, laboratory sample is obtained in the expulsive efficiency of different mature periods and draws expulsive efficiency curve.The present invention determines method to realize that the evaluation of destination layer position hydrocarbon source rock Hydrocarbon yield provides quick, accurate and effective underlying parameter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil and gas resource evaluation analysis technical field, be related to a kind of method for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency and
Device.
Background technology
In oil and gas resource evaluation work, according to petroleum system, it is necessary to know the quality of hydrocarbon source rock, hydrocarbon generation capacity, row's hydrocarbon
Efficiency, migration process loss amount, oil and gas dissipation amount, it could finally estimate the petroleum resources amount of somewhere hydrocarbon source rock.These will
In element, the Cognitive Dissonance of expulsive efficiency height is maximum, and numerically 40%-90%, causes going out greatly very much for resource assessment result
Enter.Hydrocarbon source rock hydrocarbon expulsion process is the result of various geologic(al) factor comprehensive functions, and in terms of the definition of expulsive efficiency, expulsive efficiency is row
Go out the percent value of hydrocarbon and total hydrocarbon amount, therefore influence factor includes the influence factor of hydrocarbon generation capacity, it include organic matter type,
Abundance of organic matter, thermal maturity, also have an impact row hydrocarbon row hydrocarbon dielectric space and physical property, hydrocarbon expulsion dynamics in terms of rock pore-seam
The factors such as structure, barometric gradient, dielectric surface physical property.It can not be bypassed it is thus determined that the expulsive efficiency of hydrocarbon source rock is oil-gas exploration
Complicated problem.
On the quantitative approach of hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, forefathers have done substantial amounts of research and have proposed many methods, overview
Getting up mainly has two major classes：One kind is geologic elements and procedural information evaluation method, including residual hydrocarbons amount method, multi-phase porous flow theory
Method, hydrocarbon saturation method, geologic analogy method etc., another kind of is the method combined according to the experiment of Pyrolysis Experiment data with geology,
Including original hydrocarbon potentiality restoring method, hydrocarbon potentiality method, material balance method etc..However, various methods have respective shortcoming, such as
Row's hydrocarbon thresholding theoretical (Pang Xiongqi, 1995) is represents residual hydrocarbons method, although it is contemplated that various row's hydrocarbon phases, but calculate residual hydrocarbons amount
When adsorbed hydrocarbons, water-soluble hydrocarbon, parameter Krb, Krw, Kro of the molten hydrocarbon of oil for using be difficult to directly measuring, although it is contemplated that lighter hydrocarbons dissipate
Lose, but in practical operation, the earth's surface core extraction thing data after barometric gradient increases, lighter hydrocarbons scatter and disappear still are applied, with ground
There is difference in matter condition, cause result bigger than normal.The shortcomings that multinomial seepage theory method is that the minimum critical saturation of requirement is more than 20%,
Obviously largely to arrange hydrocarbon have it is very big difficult.Hydrocarbon saturation method assumes that hydrocarbon source rock discharge and the stream being trapped in hydrocarbon source rock
Hydrocarbon saturation is identical in body, but no geologic basis illustrates heterogeneous fluid that water is certainly existed in hydrocarbon expulsion process, also with row
Hydrocarbon original state hydro carbons is outwards arranged the state fact of the drive outside without hydrocarbon from hydrocarbon source rock and runed counter to.The problem of geologic analogy method, is us
The oil in place of determination is changed as exploration is deepened, and evaluates the oil in place come in most cases than actual discharge rate
It is much smaller.Application for a patent for invention " a kind of more geologic(al) factor quantitative assessment expulsive efficiency methods " (application number 201510626815.5,
Publication number CN105243204A), establishing lighter hydrocarbons recovery coefficient evaluation model using PY-GC experimental systems data as foundation, combining
Hydrocarbon potentiality method and hydrocarbon measured value (including hydrocarbon yield and residue maturity Ro parameters) propose typical well expulsive efficiency evaluation base
On plinth, the ground under abundance of organic matter, organic matter type, maturity and source storage 4 kinds of geologic(al) factors of configuration relation is more disclosed
Matter evaluation method model；Its shortcoming is that lighter hydrocarbons recover and maturity indicates, and PY-GC Pyrolysis Experiment methods used are not examined
Consider pressure and the situation of the semiclosed life residence system of geology is not represented to total hydrocarbon, the influence of lighter hydrocarbons generation, its lighter hydrocarbons recovery coefficient, by
It can reach more than 0.2% in difference of the organic matter thermal maturity index Ro under the conditions of the different experiments rate of heat addition, pressure etc.,
Experiment residue actual measurement Ro used in it does not have corrected, and error amount has approached abscissa section in application example, easily allows people to it
As a result accuracy produces query.This method is more tended to analyze the expulsive efficiency under the influence of a variety of geologic(al) factors, and its is light
It is foundation that hydrocarbon amount, which is needed by means of the PY-GC experimental systems data of other samples, by establishing lighter hydrocarbons recovery coefficient evaluation model
It is not direct data to be estimated, is not pointed out to geological conditions experimentally in life residence, such as hydrocarbon expulsion mode, pressure simulation
Deng consideration.
Hydrocarbon gate method, it is to use rock core in practical operation, by extracting its residual hydrocarbons, is allowed to and low ripe sample
Maximum hydrocarbon potentiality compare acquisition expulsive efficiency.Obviously because rock core barometric gradient caused by earth's surface is mentioned in underground increases rapidly, make
Hydro carbons discharge core surface, plus placement of the later stage in drill and smearing, it is serious with the situation under stratum to be detained hydrocarbon
It is not inconsistent, its expulsive efficiency result has over-evaluated geology truth.
Generally, the above method a large amount of geological sample Datum Argument all in need and the problems such as be not quite similar with geological conditions
Defect, the time cost of the complete needs of data collection is added, reduce the degree of reliability of evaluation result.
As what unconventionaloil pool and Deep Oil And Gas Exploration were explored gos deep into, the degree of accuracy to oil and gas resource evaluation proposes higher want
Ask, need badly explore it is a kind of it is more accurate, close to geological condition, expulsive efficiency evaluation side convenient and swift, easy to utilize
Method.
The content of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of side for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency
Method and device.It is tested to determine the method for hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency based on the life residence under simulation geological conditions, is effectively reduced
Demand to geologic information, the reliability for increasing result, improve precision, reach it is convenient and swift, easy to utilize, with it is effective
And accurately application purpose.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of method for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, thermal evolution history is buried according to target, obtains geologic parameter, and be converted into experiment condition；
Step 2, heat-press simulation experiment is carried out to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition；
Step 3, measure experimental product；
Step 4, organic element analysis, pyrolysis and organic are carried out to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil
Carbon is analyzed, and obtains their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values；
Step 5, establish H/C atomic ratios and geology with the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample
Maturity Ro relational expression, laboratory sample is obtained in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point；
Step 6, according to the metering of experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, laboratory sample is obtained in different geology
The expulsive efficiency of mature period simultaneously draws expulsive efficiency curve.
In the above method, it is preferable that the geologic parameter includes immature source rock laboratory sample, during burying thermal evolution
Lithostatic pressure force value, fluid pressure value and thermal maturity process parameter such as Ro etc. corresponding to the crucial hot stage of ripeness.
In the above method, step 1 extracts geological conditions, to be converted into by understanding the thermal evolution history of burying of goal in research
Experiment condition.To studying the space developmental state of area's target zone, low ripe sample can adopt situation, hydrocarbon stove exemplary position buries heat
Evolutionary History, the data collection of evolution of geopressure field history and understanding, obtain immature source rock laboratory sample, bury thermal evolution during close
Lithostatic pressure, fluid pressure value corresponding to the key heat stage of ripeness.
In the above method, inside geology, if without abnormal pressure,, can be with if abnormal pressure with hydrostatic pressure
Use formation fluid pressure；In laboratory, Fluid pressure is used.In order to take into full account that geology hydrostatic pressure and abnormal pressure are being tested
Indoor expression, we go use hydrostatic pressure × pressure coefficient=Fluid pressure, and pressure coefficient is 1 under normal pressure.Pressed by adjusting
Force coefficient is distinguished to express.
In the above method, it is preferable that the method that the geologic parameter of acquisition is converted into experiment condition is：According to geologic parameter
Experimental temperature point, constant temperature time and experimental pressure are determined, specially chooses key point on thermal evolution history figure in burying for area of research
With crucial turning point, according to isothermal experiments pattern, maturity identical with geological conditions can be reached by calculating acquisition with hydrocarbon-generating dynamics
Under experiment needed for temperature spot, constant temperature time, experimental pressure, which is directly derived from, to be buried in thermal evolution history figure key point and crucial turns
Break buries lithostatic pressure and strata pressure.
In the above method, it is preferable that carry out heat-press simulation experiment to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition and concretely comprise the following steps：
The whole-rock sample of low ripe shallow well or fresh exposure is chosen, and carries out broken sample, its granularity is maintained at 15-60 mesh, is filled
Sample；
Experimental temperature point, constant temperature time and the experimental pressure of experiment condition setting are inputted in experimental control Software, to sample
Product apply lithostatic pressure；
After reactor and collection device vacuumize, deionized water is injected from reactor lower end, makes sample saturation water, fluid pressure
Power reaches setting range, then proceeds by heat-press simulation experiment；
According to the pattern of subterranean strata continuous seepage flow row hydrocarbon on the whole, the row's of setting hydrocarbon pressure threshold, treat what upper end detected
When pressure exceedes desired value, pneumatic operated valve is opened, allows pressure multipier to carry out slowly row's hydrocarbon balance pressure, to the fluid of upper end detection
Pressure in claimed range, closed by pneumatic operated valve, and hydrocarbon is arranged in so circulation repeatedly；Finally collect experimental product.
In the above method, step 2 carries out heat-press simulation experiment to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition and measures experimental product
In, laboratory sample setting has been carried out respectively, temperature-pressure program is set, hydrocarbon exhaust condition is set, collection of products condition such as refers at the side
Face, wherein hydrocarbon exhaust condition are arranged to core.
In the above method, hydrocarbon exhaust condition is one of principal element for influenceing final expulsive efficiency result.In mechanism, discharge
Hydrocarbon no longer or be slowly evolved into natural gas, undischarged hydrocarbon then at high temperature easily rapid cleavage into natural gas, this influence
Discharge hydrocarbon component and amount.Second, arranging the pattern of hydrocarbon also influences to discharge hydrocarbon component and amount, and hydrocarbon expulsion mode has so-called curtain formula to arrange
Hydrocarbon, continuous seepage flow row's hydrocarbon and closing, open system are several, wherein so-called curtain formula row's hydrocarbon is with significantly opening wide in laboratory
The mode of row's hydrocarbon decompression is realized, is pneumatic valve device, is only switched, discharge rate is not controlled quantitatively, this and geology
Situation is not inconsistent；The problem of oil that closed system has generation continues cracking because not discharging in time, this is not inconsistent with geological condition yet；
Open system is due to reacting incomplete, and also and geological condition deviation is larger.The application using quantitative row's hydrocarbon control by the way of, press
According in geology microcrack row hydrocarbon-decompression-energy storage is boosted-rise again split row hydrocarbon pattern carry out simulation geological process, meet geology pressure
Power changing rule, also ensure that make reaction more completely, row's hydrocarbon it is more true in accordance with geology.
Sample selects the whole-rock sample of low ripe shallow well or fresh exposure as far as possible, and broken sample is carried out to sample, and granularity is kept
In 15~60 mesh, it is therefore intended that eliminate the anisotropism of sample, while and can keeps the pore structure of geological sample.
The experimental provision that heat-press simulation experiment uses is " diagenesis hydrocarbon arranges hydrocarbon overall process heat-press simulation experiment device " (patent
Number it is：201210216250.X), it is incorporated by reference in its entirety；Or use this area conventional hot-press analogue experiment installation.
The empirical results tested according to the semiclosed system of life residence, set experimental temperature and constant temperature time, and set the evolution level
Corresponding geology lithostatic pressure and fluid pressure value.In order to avoid experiment high temperature causes hydrocarbon reaction and geological condition not
Together, experimental temperature is limited in the critical temperature range of water, and the process that life residence develops is improved by increasing simulated experiment.It is quiet
Rock pressure power applies axial mechanical pressure to realize by upper and lower hydraulic press to sample, and Fluid pressure passes through following row's hydrocarbon control
Device processed and set to realize.
When being collected to experimental product, discharge hydrocarbon is introduced into gas-liquid separator, and gas-liquid separator is in cold-trap, with fixation
Liquid hydrocarbon under normal temperature, C1-C4 gaseous hydrocarbons then enter the gas collector of rear end connection, to measure and sample.Liquid hydrocarbon exists
By pre-treatments such as dehydration slagging-off after experiment, with quantitative and various test analysis.It should be strongly noted that gas-liquid separation
Device can change other devices into, and to meet the collection of C5-C14 lighter hydrocarbons or metering, specific method with reference to patent application, " collect by one kind
Liquid separatnig container and its method using device measure lighter hydrocarbons content " (Application No. 201610529352.5, Publication No.
CN106178604A), it is incorporated by reference in its entirety；Or with reference to patent application " in a kind of life residence thermal simulation experiment gently
The evaluation method of hydrocarbon products amount " (Application No. 201610527943.9, Publication No. CN105974028A), its full text is introduced
As reference.The hydrocarbon discharged in experimentation is discharge hydrocarbon, and it includes gaseous hydrocarbon and liquid hydrocarbon；Wherein, gaseous hydrocarbon passes through normal temperature
Volume under normal pressure is measured, and liquid hydrocarbon passes through the patented method in above-mentioned heat-press simulation experiment or comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography side
Method is measured.
In the above method, it is preferable that the experimental temperature point is arranged to multiple experimental simulations in the range of 300-370 DEG C
Point；By controlling temperature temperature is rapidly heated to experimental temperature point, and constant temperature 72-480h.
In the above method, it is preferable that when carrying out heat-press simulation experiment, by the press member of oil pump respectively to sample and
The bottom of heat-press simulation experiment device is pressed, the lithostatic pressure suffered by simulated formation；Simulate ground by injecting distilled water
Layer fluid pressure；Preferably, 0.2 times that hydrocarbon pressure threshold is arranged to formation fluid pressure is arranged.
In the above method, it is preferable that the experimental product includes discharge hydrocarbon and is detained hydrocarbon.
In the above method, experimental product is divided according to position, wherein including gas in discharge hydrocarbon and delay hydrocarbon
Oil in state hydrocarbon and liquid hydrocarbon, wherein liquid hydrocarbon can be divided into conventional oil (based on more than C14) and lighter hydrocarbons (C5-C14 components), often
Rule oil includes discharge oil and retained oil.
In the above method, it is preferable that the specific method for measuring experimental product is：The gas of discharge is subjected to normal pressure lower volume meter
Amount, its part sample is then taken, carry out chromatographic component analysis, determine hydrocarbon gas volumn concentration, the gaseous state as discharge hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon quantifies；The liquid put into the knockout drum of -20 DEG C of cold-traps, together with row hydrocarbon pipeline, device, reactor inwall and
Sample surfaces rinse resulting solution with dichloromethane and collected, and determine liquor capacity, then carry out the full oil analysis of chromatogram, use
External standard method carries out absolute quantitation, as quantifying for the liquid hydrocarbon for discharging hydrocarbon；Experimental solids residue is milled to below 60 mesh again,
Soaked with dichloromethane, ultrasonic washing oil 30 minutes totally 3 times, eluate carries out volume quantitative and the full oil analysis of chromatogram, as delay
The liquid hydrocarbon of hydrocarbon quantifies.
In the above method, it is preferable that establish former with the H/C of the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample
Son obtains tool of the laboratory sample in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point than the relational expression with geology maturity Ro
Body method is：
Statistics and the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample, establish the H/C atomic ratios of geological sample
With geology maturity Ro relational expression, by the H/C atoms of the solid residue after the experiment of the laboratory sample of each experimental temperature point, washing oil
Than substituting into relational expression, so as to obtain laboratory sample in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point.
In the above method, it is preferable that draw expulsive efficiency curve specific method be：
Using the laboratory sample of acquisition the expulsive efficiency of different mature periods numerical value as ordinate, with the experiment sample of acquisition
Product are abscissa in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point, draw out row's hydrocarbon effect in different geology maturity stages
Rate curve.
In the above method, expulsive efficiency is defined as：Discharge hydrocarbon (including lighter hydrocarbons) with reach the temperature spot total hydrocarbon amount it
Business, as expulsive efficiency；If the discharge hydrocarbon of molecule changes the liquid hydrocarbon amount of discharge into, denominator changes total oil generating quantity into, as arrange
Oily efficiency.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of device for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, determination hydrocarbon source rock row's hydrocarbon effect
The device of rate includes：
Acquisition and conversion module, for burying thermal evolution history according to target, geologic parameter is obtained, and be converted into experiment bar
Part；
Heat-press simulation experiment module, for carrying out heat-press simulation experiment to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition；
Experimental product metering module, for measuring experimental product；
Parameter value calculation module, for carrying out organic element point to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil
Analysis, pyrolysis and organic carbon analysis, obtain their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values；
Geology maturity computing module, for establishing and the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample
The relational expression of H/C atomic ratios and geology maturity Ro, laboratory sample is obtained in geology maturity Ro corresponding to each experimental temperature point
Value；
Expulsive efficiency computing module, for the metering according to experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, tested
Sample different geology mature periods expulsive efficiency and draw expulsive efficiency curve.
A kind of method for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency provided by the invention is applied to all kinds, various abundances of organic matter
Hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency evaluation, only requirement is that can obtain underdone, low ripe experiment sample, in organic carbon recovery and hydrocarbon
Under the conditions of rate pushes back, the minimum ripe sample of target zone in target area can be suitably relaxed to.In actual applications, according to us
Research, the major control factors of expulsive efficiency are maturity and hydrocarbon generation capacity (organic matter type and TOC), TOC ＞'s 1.0%
The expulsive efficiency of Effective source rocks, high TOC and low TOC samples does not have significant difference (10%), therefore to the organic matter of sample
Abundance does not do particular/special requirement.Of course, it is possible to according to circumstances, different TOC sample is selected to carry out experiment, to meet it is believed that having
The research that machine matter abundance influences expulsive efficiency needs.Need consider sand and mud interstratification in the case of, can use true core for
Sample, the hydrocarbon gauge in sand layers is entered Hydrocarbon yield, to analyze its expulsive efficiency.
It is an advantage of the invention that：On the basis of newest lighter hydrocarbons measurement technology and experimental technique break through, with the sheet of on-load pressure
Body sample experiments, carry out direct measurement lighter hydrocarbons, avoid the uncertainty for not considering pressure and being brought without this sample；It is loaded with quiet
Rock pressure power and formation fluid pressure so that the process of experiment hydrocarbon row's hydrocarbon is identical with geological process condition, realizes with hand to hand
The experiment of matter condition is analyzed instead of geology statistics, overcome geological sample depart from subsurface pressure condition bring it is uncertain
Property, intend defining a kind of method for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, to realize that the evaluation of destination layer position hydrocarbon source rock Hydrocarbon yield provides
Quick, accurate and effective underlying parameter determines method, and configuration provides theory and technology branch is stored up with unconventionaloil pool source to be conventional
Hold, obtained the accreditation of academia, and implement to be confirmed by exploration.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the method that hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency is determined in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is that the virtual well location of Ordos Basin extension group hydrocarbon source rock buries thermal evolution history figure in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is geological sample kerogen H/C atomic ratios and maturity Ro statistical relationship figures in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is Ordos Basin extension group mud shale hydrocarbon efficiency curve diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 5 is Ordos Basin extension group mud shale expulsive efficiency curve map in embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart for the device that hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency is determined in embodiment.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the beneficial effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme carry out it is described further below, but it is not intended that to the present invention can practical range restriction.
Embodiment
This implementation provides a kind of method for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
S101：Thermal evolution history is buried according to target, obtains geologic parameter, and is converted into experiment condition, is specially：
Understand the thermal evolution history of burying of goal in research, geological conditions is extracted, to be converted into experiment condition.Goal in research is Hubei Province
7 sections of hydrocarbon source rocks of length of Er Duosi basins Triassic Yanchang Formation, it is 201~417mg/g that it, which is pyrolyzed hydrogen index (HI), II2 type kerogen classes
Type accounts for 49%, II1 types and accounts for 40%, and maturity Ro is 0.76~1.1%, in the ripe oil generation stage.Its hydrocarbon source rock depocenter
Bury thermal evolution history as shown in Fig. 2 experimental temperature reference range is obtained with Easy Ro method and technologies, with reference to Lewan
(1993) the experimental temperature point and constant temperature time that add water seal experimental model, determine different constant temperature times, then according to relative
Answer the geology buried depth of maturity point, it is determined that experiment pressure condition, as shown in table 1, table 1 be life residence experiment parameter with into
Ripe degree geology demarcation numerical tabular.
Table 1
S102：Heat-press simulation experiment is carried out to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition, is specially：
Laboratory sample is selected from ZK808 wells (221~234m sections) top integral function in basin and grows 7 dark brown mud shales,
TmaxFor 440 DEG C, organic carbon content 5.9%, free hydrocarbon, pyrolysis hydrocarbon content are respectively 1.35mg/g and 23.23mg/g, and hydrogen refers to
Number is 394mg/g TOC, belongs to II2 type kerogens.Before experiment, naturally dry after sample is cleaned with distilled water, then it is crushed to
15-60 mesh.
Experimental selection is carried out in direct press type life residence thermal simulation experiment system.Altogether 8 are carried out in 300 DEG C~370 DEG C sections
The simulation of individual experimental point, the sample being sealed in kettle is heated by thermocouple, control temperature and temperature to become by computer
Change speed, experiment heating schedule is to be quickly ramped up to target temperature from 20 DEG C, then constant temperature 72~480 hours.
Sample and kettle are pressed respectively by the press member of oil pump, come lithostatic pressure suffered by simulated formation and
Kettle is sealed.Contact is selected to ooze come simulated formation Fluid pressure, row's hydrocarbon mode by injecting the distilled water of certain pressure
Stream mode, row's hydrocarbon threshold value are 0.2 times of formation fluid pressure, i.e., hydrocarbon supercharging row's hydrocarbon during hydrocarbon, allow example reaction kettle
Interior Fluid pressure maintains 0.2 times of setup pressure value all the time.
S103：Experimental product is measured, is specially：
By semiconductor cooling trap device and knockout drum, to realize the separation of gas-liquid two-phase product and collect metering.Tool
Body, semiconductor cold-trap is opened, knockout drum is cooled to -20 DEG C, keeps being in the state in whole experiment process.Experiment
After end, solid residue surface in sample room, inner wall of kettle and row's hydrocarbon pipeline are rinsed with dichloromethane, is collected with gas-liquid separation
Liquid hydrocarbon in device is combined into discharge liquid hydrocarbon, because for multicomponent mixture, it is necessary to carry out pre-treatment, method is to add first
Enter dichloromethane, stood after fully shaking, allow water and oil solution to be layered, then tried one's best away top aqueous layer with rubber head dropper, so
Surplus solution is poured into afterwards multiple times of filtration is carried out in the funnel for be plugged with absorbent cotton, to remove solid residue and residual moisture, institute
After obtaining purified solution constant volume, take its part to carry out volatilization constant weight and quantify.Solid residue is obtained stagnant with dichloromethane extracting after crushing
Oil (liquid hydrocarbon for being detained hydrocarbon) is stayed, method is that solid residue is crushed to below 60 mesh, heats q. s. methylene chloride, uses JK-2200
Ultrasonic cleaning machine ultrasound 30 minutes, extracts solution, then proceedes to heat dichloromethane, ultrasonic again, such 3 times, gained is always molten
Liquid carries out water removal as described above, filtering, constant volume, quantitative.All gases being collected into are gaseous product, are counted under normal temperature and pressure
Cumulative volume is measured, by chromatography component, measures gaseous state hydrocarbon content.In particular, discharge liquid hydrocarbon and be detained hydrocarbon
Quantify, can take patent " it is a kind of collect liquid separatnig container and its using the device measure lighter hydrocarbons content method " (application number
201610529352.5, publication number CN106178604A), the metering of the liquid hydrocarbon of full constituent can be reached, eliminate lighter hydrocarbons loss
The problem of.
S104：Organic element analysis, pyrolysis and organic carbon are carried out to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil
Analysis, obtains their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values, is specially：
Organic element, pyrolysis, organic carbon detection point are carried out to solid residue after laboratory sample, laboratory sample experiment, washing oil
Analysis, obtain H/C atomic ratios, HI, TOC parameter value.Wherein before organic element measure, first with HCl treatment to remove DIC,
Then Vaio MICRO cube elemental analysers are applied, according to national standard GB/T 19143-2003《Carbon in rock organic matter, hydrogen,
Oxygen element analysis method》Determine the carbon hydrogen element content of each experimentalists and technicians residue sample.Organic carbon determination is with reference to national standard GB/T
19145-2003《The measure of total organic carbon in sedimentary rock》, total content of organic carbon in sedimentary rock is determined with CS-230HC carbon sulphur instrument.
Pyrolysis is detected with according to national standard GB/T 18602-2012, the domestic ROCK EVAL VI rock pyrolysis evaluation instrument of usage.
S105：Establish with the H/C atomic ratios of the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample and geology into
Ripe degree Ro relational expression, laboratory sample is obtained in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point, specially：
Statistics and the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample, establish geological sample H/C atomic ratios with
Geology maturity Ro statistical relationship mathematical expressions, the H/C of the solid residue after laboratory sample experiment, washing oil each experimental temperature point
Atomic ratio substitutes into relational expression, obtains corresponding geology maturity Ro value of the laboratory sample in each temperature spot.To from Song-liao basin 22
Individual, 14 lacustrine facies II1 type mudstone samples of Ordos Basin, by kerogen rich and organic matter solvent extraction, carry out cheese
Root element, reflectance of vitrinite measure and relation statistical analysis, as a result as shown in Figure 3.Phase is presented with Ro in kerogen H/C atomic ratios
Logarithmic function relation very high Guan Du, with the increase of maturity, H/C atomic ratios reduce rapidly.Same method, to 8 raw rows
Hydrocarbon experimental solids residue sample is handled, and determines its kerogen H/C atomic ratios.According to geological sample kerogen achieved above
H/C atomic ratios and Ro relations, can obtain geology Ro values corresponding to corresponding experimental temperature point, data are as shown in table 1.Obviously,
Easy Ro values are higher than calibrated geology Ro values, and experimental product actual measurement Ro numerical value is higher by geology Ro values about 0.2~0.35, thus,
It is very big deviation of the abscissa to evaluation hydrocarbon source rock oil generation to eliminate Easy Ro.
S106：According to the metering of experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, obtain laboratory sample different geology into
The expulsive efficiency in ripe period simultaneously draws expulsive efficiency curve, is specially：
Determine the yield of all kinds of products.The demarcation of accurate measurement and maturity based on more than to experimental product, can be obtained
Laboratory sample different mature periods hydrocarbon efficiency, as shown in Figure 4.Gaseous hydrocarbon is denoted in figure respectively, is detained hydrocarbon, discharge
The yield of hydrocarbon, total oil and total hydrocarbon.On the whole, sample starts hydrocarbon when Ro is 0.5%, and 1.0% or so reaches hydrocarbon peak, production
Hydrocarbon rate 275mg/gTOC, hydrocarbon yield when 1.3% is 320mg/gTOC.It is to increase first with maturity to be detained oily yield general trend
Reduced after increase, reach maximum 110mg/gTOC when Ro is 1.0%.Total oil productivity is in fall after rising with the rise of maturity
Trend, maximum oil generating ratio is 185mg/gTOC, and corresponding Ro is 1.0%, and water vapour transfer increases over 100mg/ afterwards
gTOC.Discharge hydrocarbon quickly increased opportunity and delay hydrocarbon reduction are can be seen that from being detained on the variation characteristic of hydrocarbon and discharge hydrocarbon
Opportunity is essentially identical, and when total hydrocarbon yield is fastest-rising.
Determine expulsive efficiency and draw curve map.Defined according to expulsive efficiency, discharge hydrocarbon (including lighter hydrocarbons) is with reaching the temperature
Spend the business of total hydrocarbon amount of point, as expulsive efficiency.If the discharge hydrocarbon of molecule changes the liquid hydrocarbon amount of discharge into, denominator changes into
Total oil generating quantity, as oil extraction efficiency.The demarcation of accurate measurement and maturity based on more than to experimental product, can obtain experiment sample
Product different mature periods expulsive efficiency, as shown in Figure 5.Expulsive efficiency is that the phase of gained is calculated using stage hydrocarbon yield as denominator
To expulsive efficiency.It is generally in rising trend with the increase of maturity to discharge oily yield, is 1.65% only in Ro corresponding to 370 DEG C
Point decrease.The reason for analysis discharge oil reduces, it should be that experiment should be made in 370 DEG C of hot stages, reactor inwall
Cracked at high temperature to discharge the liquid hydrocarbon of oil measurement.With the rise of maturity, oil extraction and expulsive efficiency increase,
Ro is that the expulsive efficiency speedup in 1.0% oil generation peak period is maximum.Reach the early stage before oil generation peak, oil extraction and row's hydrocarbon
Efficiency it is not high, oil extraction efficiency is below 45%, and expulsive efficiency is below 60%；In the oil generation peak later stage, both increase rapidly,
All reach more than 80% after Ro is more than 1.3%.
Based on above-mentioned same inventive concept, the present embodiment also provides a kind of device for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, such as Fig. 6
Shown, the device of the determination hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency includes：
Acquisition and conversion module 601, for burying thermal evolution history according to target, geologic parameter is obtained, and be converted into experiment
Condition；
Heat-press simulation experiment module 602, for carrying out heat-press simulation experiment to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition；
Experimental product metering module 603, for measuring experimental product；
Parameter value calculation module 604, for carrying out organic element to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil
Analysis, pyrolysis and organic carbon analysis, obtain their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values；
Geology maturity computing module 605, for establishing the geology sample with the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample
The H/C atomic ratios of product and geology maturity Ro relational expression, it is ripe in geology corresponding to each experimental temperature point to obtain laboratory sample
Spend Ro values；
Expulsive efficiency computing module 606, for the metering according to experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, obtain real
Sample is tested in the expulsive efficiency of different geology mature periods and draws expulsive efficiency curve.
Need what is illustrated, device described above can also include other embodiment party according to the description of embodiment of the method
Formula, concrete implementation mode are referred to the description of related method embodiment, not repeated one by one herein.
The embodiment of the present invention realizes following technique effect：By by lithostatic pressure, Fluid pressure, hydrocarbon expulsion process, lighter hydrocarbons,
The geological conditions such as maturity carry out the simulation under experiment condition, pass through laboratory sample, experimental solids residue, experiment gaseous hydrocarbon, bag
The liquid hydrocarbon for including lighter hydrocarbons, the separation and quantitative detection and analysis for being detained the products such as hydrocarbon, can simply and effectively determine specific District Representative
Property hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, reached simple through the above way, accurately determined the technology effect of hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency
Fruit.
The application is not limited to be the situation described by the embodiment of the present application.Some professional standards use certainly
Definition mode or embodiment description practice processes on embodiment amended slightly can also realize above-described embodiment it is identical,
The implementation result being anticipated that after equivalent or close or deformation.Using data acquisition/storage/judgement after these modifications or deformation
Deng the embodiment of acquisition, still may belong within the scope of the optional embodiment of the application.
Although this application provides the method operating procedure as described in embodiment or flow chart, based on conventional or noninvasive
The means for the property made can include more or less operating procedures.The step of being enumerated in embodiment order is only numerous steps
A kind of mode in execution sequence, does not represent unique execution sequence., can be with when device in practice or end product perform
According to embodiment, either method shown in the drawings order performs or parallel performs (such as parallel processor or multiple threads
Environment, even distributed data processing environment).Term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to
Nonexcludability includes, so that process, method, product or equipment including a series of elements not only will including those
Element, but also the other element including being not expressly set out, or it is this process, method, product or equipment also to include
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, be not precluded from the process including the key element, method, product or
Other identical or equivalent elements in person's equipment also be present.
Unit, device or module that above-described embodiment illustrates etc., it can specifically be realized by computer chip or entity, or
Realized by the product with certain function.For convenience of description, various modules point are divided into function when describing apparatus above
Do not describe.Certainly, when implementing the application can the function of each module in same or multiple softwares and/or hardware it is real
It is existing, the module for realizing same function can also be realized by the combination of multiple submodule or subelement etc..Dress described above
Put that embodiment is only schematical, for example, the division of the unit, only a kind of division of logic function, when actually realizing
There can be other dividing mode, such as multiple units or component can combine or be desirably integrated into another system, or one
A little features can be ignored, or not perform.It is another, shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct-coupling or communication link
It can be by some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication connection of device or unit to connect, and can be electrical, mechanical or other shapes
Formula.
It is also known in the art that in addition to realizing controller in a manner of pure computer readable program code, it is complete
Entirely can by by method and step carry out programming in logic come controller with gate, switch, application specific integrated circuit, may be programmed
The form of logic controller and embedded microcontroller etc. realizes identical function.Therefore this controller is considered one kind
Hardware component, and what its inside was included is used to realize that the device of various functions can also to be considered as the structure in hardware component.Or
Person even, not only can be able to will be the software module of implementation method but also can be hardware for realizing that the device of various functions is considered as
Structure in part.
The application can be described in the general context of computer executable instructions, such as program
Module.Usually, program module includes performing particular task or realizes routine, program, object, the group of particular abstract data type
Part, data structure, class etc..The application can also be put into practice in a distributed computing environment, in these DCEs,
By performing task by communication network and connected remote processing devices.In a distributed computing environment, program module can
With in the local and remote computer-readable storage medium including storage device.
As seen through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that the application can
Realized by the mode of software plus required general hardware platform.Based on such understanding, the technical scheme essence of the application
On the part that is contributed in other words to prior art can be embodied in the form of software product, the computer software product
It can be stored in storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, CD, including some instructions are causing a computer equipment
(can be personal computer, mobile terminal, server, either network equipment etc.) perform each embodiment of the application or implementation
Method described in some parts of example.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, same or analogous portion between each embodiment
Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment.The application can be used for crowd
In more general or special purpose computing system environments or configuration.Such as：Personal computer, server computer, handheld device or
Portable set, laptop device, multicomputer system, the system based on microprocessor, set top box, programmable electronics are set
Standby, network PC, minicom, the DCE etc. of mainframe computer including any of the above system or equipment.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and
Change is without departing from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changed without departing from the application's
Spirit.
Claims (11)
- A kind of 1. method for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Step 1, thermal evolution history is buried according to target, obtains geologic parameter, and be converted into experiment condition；Step 2, heat-press simulation experiment is carried out to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition；Step 3, measure experimental product；Step 4, organic element analysis, pyrolysis and organic carbon point are carried out to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil Analysis, obtains their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values；Step 5, establish ripe with geology with the H/C atomic ratios of the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample Ro relational expression is spent, obtains laboratory sample in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point；Step 6, according to the metering of experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, it is ripe in different geology to obtain laboratory sample The expulsive efficiency in period simultaneously draws expulsive efficiency curve.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：The geologic parameter includes immature source rock laboratory sample, Bury lithostatic pressure force value, fluid pressure value and thermal maturity process parameter corresponding to the crucial hot stage of ripeness during thermal evolution.
- 3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The geologic parameter of acquisition is converted into experiment condition Method is：Experimental temperature point, constant temperature time and experimental pressure are determined according to geologic parameter, the specially heat of burying in research area is drilled Change and key point and crucial turning point chosen on history figure, according to isothermal experiments pattern, with hydrocarbon-generating dynamics calculate acquisition can reach with The temperature spot needed for experiment, constant temperature time under the identical maturity of geological conditions, experimental pressure, which is directly derived from, buries thermal evolution history Key point and crucial turning point buries lithostatic pressure and strata pressure in figure.
- 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Heat-press simulation experiment is carried out to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition Concretely comprise the following steps：The whole-rock sample of low ripe shallow well or fresh exposure is chosen, and carries out broken sample, its granularity is maintained at 15-60 mesh, fills sample；Experimental temperature point, constant temperature time and the experimental pressure of experiment condition setting are inputted in experimental control Software, sample is applied Add lithostatic pressure；After reactor and collection device vacuumize, deionized water is injected from reactor lower end, makes sample saturation water, Fluid pressure reaches To setting range, heat-press simulation experiment is then proceeded by；According to the pattern of subterranean strata continuous seepage flow row hydrocarbon on the whole, the row's of setting hydrocarbon pressure threshold, the pressure that upper end detects is treated During more than desired value, pneumatic operated valve is opened, allows pressure multipier to carry out slowly row's hydrocarbon balance pressure, to the Fluid pressure of upper end detection In claimed range, pneumatic operated valve is closed, and hydrocarbon is arranged in so circulation repeatedly；Finally collect experimental product.
- 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that：The experimental temperature point is arranged in the range of 300-370 DEG C Multiple experimental simulation points；By controlling temperature temperature is rapidly heated to experimental temperature point, and constant temperature 72-480h.
- 6. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that：When carrying out heat-press simulation experiment, pass through the pressure of oil pump Part presses to the bottom of sample and heat-press simulation experiment device respectively, the lithostatic pressure suffered by simulated formation；Pass through note Enter distilled water and carry out simulated formation Fluid pressure；Preferably, 0.2 times that hydrocarbon pressure threshold is arranged to formation fluid pressure is arranged.
- 7. the method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The experimental product includes discharge hydrocarbon and is detained hydrocarbon.
- 8. the method according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that：Metering experimental product specific method be：The gas of discharge is subjected to normal pressure lower volume metering, then takes its part sample, chromatographic component analysis is carried out, determines hydrocarbon gas Volumn concentration, as quantifying for the gaseous hydrocarbon for discharging hydrocarbon；The liquid put into the knockout drum of -20 DEG C of cold-traps, even Resulting solution is rinsed with dichloromethane to collect, determine solution with row's hydrocarbon pipeline, device, reactor inwall and sample surfaces Volume, the full oil analysis of chromatogram is then carried out, absolute quantitation is carried out using external standard method, as quantifying for the liquid hydrocarbon for discharging hydrocarbon； Experimental solids residue is milled to below 60 mesh again, is soaked with dichloromethane, ultrasonic washing oil 30 minutes totally 3 times, and eluate is carried out Volume quantitative and the full oil analysis of chromatogram, as quantifying for the liquid hydrocarbon for being detained hydrocarbon.
- 9. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Establish and the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample The H/C atomic ratios of geological sample and geology maturity Ro relational expression, obtain laboratory sample corresponding to each experimental temperature point The specific method of matter maturity Ro values is：Statistics and the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample, establish the H/C atomic ratios and ground of geological sample Matter maturity Ro relational expression, by the H/C atomic ratio generations of the solid residue after the laboratory sample experiment of each experimental temperature point, washing oil Enter in relational expression, so as to obtain laboratory sample in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point.
- 10. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Draw expulsive efficiency curve specific method be：Using the laboratory sample of acquisition the expulsive efficiency of different mature periods numerical value as ordinate, existed with the laboratory sample of acquisition Geology maturity Ro values are abscissa corresponding to each experimental temperature point, and the expulsive efficiency for drawing out the different geology maturity stages is bent Line.
- A kind of 11. device for determining hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency, it is characterised in that the device bag of the determination hydrocarbon source rock expulsive efficiency Include：Acquisition and conversion module, for burying thermal evolution history according to target, geologic parameter is obtained, and be converted into experiment condition；Heat-press simulation experiment module, for carrying out heat-press simulation experiment to hydrocarbon source rock according to experiment condition；Experimental product metering module, for measuring experimental product；Parameter value calculation module, for carrying out organic element analysis, heat to the solid residue after laboratory sample and its experiment, washing oil Solution and organic carbon analysis, obtain their H/C atomic ratios, HI and TOC parameter values；Geology maturity computing module, for establishing the H/C with the geological sample of the same or like organic matter type of laboratory sample The relational expression of atomic ratio and geology maturity Ro, laboratory sample is obtained in geology maturity Ro values corresponding to each experimental temperature point；Expulsive efficiency computing module, for the metering according to experimental product and geology maturity Ro demarcation, obtain laboratory sample Different geology mature periods expulsive efficiency and draw expulsive efficiency curve.
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