CN112049626A - Method and system for distinguishing extraprovenance dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil reservoir - Google Patents
Method and system for distinguishing extraprovenance dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for distinguishing extraprovenance dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from an ancient oil reservoir, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the contents of pyrobitumen and organic carbon in a plurality of stratums to be judged; acquiring an infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen; acquiring the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen content parameter ratio of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram; fitting a first relation curve of the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen; fitting a second relation curve of the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen; taking the corresponding organic carbon content as a threshold value when the ratio of the aliphatic parameter in the first relation curve and the ratio of the oxygen content parameter in the second relation curve are both smaller than a set value; and judging whether the stratum to be judged is the paleor reservoir or the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon according to the threshold value, and improving the utilization rate of the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soluble organic matters, in particular to a method and a system for distinguishing extraprovenance dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from an ancient oil reservoir.
Background
With the successive discovery of atmospheric fields such as Weiyuan, Anyue and the like in recent years, the marine natural gas resource becomes an important target for oil and gas exploration. The largest marine carbonate rock integrally-packed super-large gas reservoir discovered in the natural gas exploration history of the Sichuan basin is discovered in the Gao Shi-Mi district in Sichuan, and test gas production data of million squares of daily yield are obtained in 8 wells, 9 wells and 11 wells of Longwang temple groups in Miao until 2013 years, which indicates that the oil gas resources of the Han dynasty of the Sichuan basin are rich (Lidingdu et al, 2008; Zhouxan, 2014) and the method has great exploration potential.
China's marine strata system has undergone multi-cycle sedimentary tectonic movement, has the characteristics of multiple hydrocarbon source types, compound hydrocarbon generation and multi-stage reservoir formation, and the problems of organic quality of dispersed soluble organic matters serving as an important gas source of marine natural gas in a laminated basin, contribution to natural gas reservoir and the like have attracted wide attention of petroleum geologists at home and abroad (e.g., Dieckmann et al, 2000; Zhao wen Zhi et al, 2005; Chen Jian Ping et al, 2007). Due to the limited hydrocarbon-generating potential of kerogen in the high evolution stage, the dispersed soluble organic matter is considered as an important gas source in the high evolution stage of the marine stratum system due to factors such as distribution range and enrichment degree (Liuwenhui, 2012; Schroe, 2015). The soluble organic matter is divided into two parts, namely source interior and source exterior, wherein the first part is organic matter remained in hydrocarbon source rocks in the evolution process of kerogen, namely the soluble organic matter is dispersed in the source; and the other is the ancient oil reservoir which is transported from the hydrocarbon source rock to the reservoir and is in a dispersed state and dispersed soluble organic matters and an aggregation state outside the source. The in-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon is used as one of three occurrence forms of oil generated by marine hydrocarbon source rocks at an oil window generation stage at a high-over-mature evolution stage and is widely distributed in strata, Li Ming Cheng et al can simulate the oil accumulation amount through experiments to obtain that the retained or lost hydrocarbon amount in the migration process can reach more than 90%, and scholars such as Wang Cuishan (2007) and Zhao Wen Zhi (2015) and the like show that the dispersed liquid hydrocarbon can be widely retained or dispersed in reservoirs through observation and research under a mirror on fluorescence characteristics and thermogenic asphalt. The liquid hydrocarbon which is remained in the migration channel in the early period and can be cracked again to generate gas after being buried in the later period is a supplementary gas source of the sea phase system in the high-over mature period. The contribution of the out-of-source dispersion soluble organic matter pyrolysis gas resource quantity of the Sichuan basin seismic system to the gas reservoir is up to 58 percent, which is higher than 39 percent of the contribution of the ancient oil reservoir pyrolysis gas resource quantity to the gas reservoir, and the result shows that the contribution of the out-of-source oil pyrolysis gas to the gas reservoir is very high in the high evolution stage of the marine stratum system, so that the liquid hydrocarbon can be cracked, and particularly the contribution of the out-of-source dispersion liquid hydrocarbon to cracking into gas to the natural gas reservoir cannot be ignored.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for distinguishing the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from the ancient oil reservoir, which divide the region of the stratum to be distinguished into the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir according to the threshold value of the organic carbon content, and improve the utilization rate of the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method for distinguishing ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil reservoirs comprises the following steps:
acquiring the contents of pyrobitumen and organic carbon in a plurality of stratums to be judged;
acquiring an infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen;
acquiring the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen content parameter ratio of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram;
fitting a first relation curve of the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
fitting a second relation curve of the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
taking the corresponding organic carbon content as a threshold value when the ratio of the aliphatic parameter in the first relation curve and the ratio of the oxygen content parameter in the second relation curve are both smaller than a set value;
judging whether the organic carbon content of the stratum to be judged is greater than or equal to the threshold value or not;
if so, the stratum to be judged is an ancient oil reservoir;
and if not, the stratum to be judged is the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon.
Optionally, the formula for calculating the total organic carbon content of the stratum to be discriminated is as follows: the method comprises the steps of TOC (a) logR + b delta t + c, wherein TOC represents the organic carbon content of a stratum to be distinguished, R represents a resistivity logging curve value of the stratum to be distinguished, delta t represents a sonic jet transit time logging curve value of the stratum to be distinguished, a represents a first coefficient, b represents a second coefficient, and c represents a third coefficient.
Optionally, the infrared spectrogram is a fourier infrared spectrogram.
Optionally, the formation to be discriminated comprises crude oil and reservoir rock.
Optionally, the pyrobitumen of the crude oil is obtained by a gold tube thermal simulation test.
Optionally, the pyrobitumen of the reservoir rock is obtained by enrichment.
The invention also provides a discrimination system for the ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the contents of pyrobitumen and organic carbon in a plurality of stratums to be judged;
the infrared spectrogram acquisition module is used for acquiring the infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen;
the structure parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen content parameter ratio of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram;
the first fitting module is used for fitting a first relation curve of the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
the second fitting module is used for fitting a second relation curve of the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
a threshold value determining module, configured to use, as threshold values, the corresponding organic carbon content when both the fat degree parameter ratio in the first relation curve and the oxygen degree parameter ratio in the second relation curve are smaller than a set value;
the judging module is used for judging whether the organic carbon content of the stratum to be judged is greater than or equal to the threshold value;
the ancient oil reservoir distinguishing module is used for judging that the stratum to be distinguished is the ancient oil reservoir if the organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is greater than or equal to the threshold value;
and the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon distinguishing module is used for judging that the stratum to be distinguished is source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon if the organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is less than the threshold value.
Optionally, the formula for calculating the total organic carbon content of the stratum to be discriminated is as follows: and TOC represents the organic carbon content, R represents the resistivity logging curve value of the stratum to be distinguished, Δ t represents the acoustic jet-lag logging curve value of the stratum to be distinguished, a represents a first coefficient, b represents a second coefficient, and c represents a third coefficient.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a method and a system for distinguishing source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil deposit, wherein a threshold value of organic carbon content is determined according to the correlation between the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen degree parameter ratio of medium-tar pitch of a stratum to be distinguished and the organic carbon content, and the stratum to be distinguished is divided into the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil deposit according to the threshold value of the organic carbon content, so that the utilization rate of the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a thermal simulation test of a gold tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an infrared spectrum of pyrobitumen obtained by thermal cracking of crude oil at various temperatures without addition of water according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an infrared spectrum of a pyrobitumen enriched in reservoir rock samples in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the temperature-dependent change of the degree of fat parameter of the residual pyrobitumen in the gold tube thermal simulation experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is the variation of oxygen content parameter of residual pyrobitumen with temperature in the gold tube thermal simulation experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a correlation of the fat content parameter of the tar enriched sample in the reservoir of the wash tank with TOC according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a relationship between the fat degree parameter of the coke tar enriched in the Longwang temple group reservoir sample and TOC;
FIG. 9 is a graph of the correlation of the bitumen-in-tar adiposity parameter enriched for a four-segment reservoir sample with TOC according to the invention;
FIG. 10 is a graphical representation of the relationship of the oxygen content parameter of the enriched pyrobitumen to the TOC for a reservoir sample from a wash basin stack in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a relationship between the oxygen content parameter of the pitch enriched in the Longwang temple group reservoir sample and TOC;
FIG. 12 is a graph of the relationship of the oxygen content parameter of the pyrobitumen enriched in a four-bank reservoir sample with the TOC according to the invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for distinguishing ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from an ancient oil reservoir.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention discloses a method for distinguishing extraprovenant dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
step 101: and acquiring the contents of the pyrobitumen and the organic carbon in the stratums to be judged.
Step 102: and acquiring an infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen.
Step 103: and acquiring the ratio of the fatty degree parameter and the ratio of the oxygen content parameter of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram.
Step 104: and fitting a first relation curve of the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen.
Step 105: and fitting a second relation curve of the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen.
Step 106: and taking the corresponding organic carbon content as a threshold value when the ratio of the fat degree parameter in the first relation curve and the ratio of the oxygen degree parameter in the second relation curve are both smaller than a set value.
Step 107: and judging whether the organic carbon content of the stratum to be judged is greater than or equal to the threshold value.
If yes, go to step 108: and judging the stratum to be distinguished to be the ancient oil reservoir.
If not, go to step 109: and the stratum to be judged is the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon.
The idea and the specific process of the invention are described in detail as follows:
the pyrobitumen representing the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and the paleor reservoir is generated by using a gold tube thermal simulation experiment, and the structure of the gold tube thermal simulation experiment is shown in figure 2. The out-of-source soluble organic matter is divided into 2 fractions: the method comprises the following steps of dispersing soluble organic matters outside a dispersed state source and an aggregated state ancient oil reservoir, wherein the dispersed state has the highest water content ratio, and the aggregated state contains part of water. The oil-water ratio of 2:1 represents an ancient oil reservoir, the oil-water ratio of 1:2 represents externally dispersed liquid hydrocarbon, and a gold tube thermal simulation hydrocarbon generation experiment of adding different water contents to crude oil is carried out.
The maximum volume adopted in the experiment is 1cm3And the test was carried out using a gold tube having an outer diameter and a width of 4mm and a wall thickness of 0.2 mm. Firstly, a crude oil sample (or an oil-water mixed sample) is sealed in a gold tube under the protection of argon, then a high-pressure pump is used for filling water into the high-pressure kettle in which the gold tube is placed, and the gold tube is subjected to flexible deformation under the action of high-pressure water, so that the purpose of applying pressure to the sample is achieved. Before the sample is sealed under the protection of argon, the gold tube is sealed by arc welding after ensuring that the sample is not polluted by air. The pressure value of 50MPa was used in this experiment. Because the pyrobitumen content generated by the low-temperature gold tube experiment is very low, only the crude oil cracking residual solid matter experiment of 425 ℃ and 600 ℃ at the temperature-rising rate of 2 ℃/h is carried out. After heating, before taking out the gold tube containing the sample, closing a valve on the autoclave, taking out the autoclave, and then quickly putting the autoclave into cold water for cooling.
And carrying out Fourier infrared spectrum analysis on the residual pyrobitumen obtained by the gold tube thermal simulation experiment and the pyrobitumen obtained by enriching the reservoir rock sample to obtain the infrared spectrogram characteristics of the pyrobitumen (obtaining the infrared spectrogram of the pyrobitumen and analyzing the characteristics of different pyrobitumens so as to distinguish different pyrobitumens), and distinguishing the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from the ancient oil reservoir by using the characteristics. In this time, 46 reservoir rock samples of four sections of Xixiang pond group, Longwanggao group and jordan lamp of the frigid-martial system in the middle of Sichuan basin are selected as research objects to perform tar enrichment treatment, and the specific operation is as follows: crushing the collected reservoir rock sample containing the tar pitch, passing through a 20-mesh sieve pore, and taking the rock sample with the density of less than 1.6g/cm3Extracting the powder with chloroform to remove soluble organic substances, mixing with acid (hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid), removing minerals, and separating insoluble substancesI.e., pyrobitumen. And (3) fully grinding the selected 1-2 mg pyrobitumen sample, then putting the sample into a small clean beaker, putting the small clean beaker and the beaker filled with KBr solid into an oven to be dried for 48 hours at 40 ℃, and removing the water in the sample to the maximum extent in order to reduce the interference of hydroxyl. Finally, the dried micro-samples are respectively selected and mixed with 200mg of pure KBr to be prepared into tablets through grinding and then the infrared spectrum is measured.
FIG. 3 shows the infrared spectral characteristics of pyrobitumen produced by pyrolysis of crude oil without addition of water at different temperatures, and FIG. 4 shows the infrared spectral characteristics of pyrobitumen enriched in partial reservoir rock samples. The absorption peak assignments for pyrobitumen can be obtained as follows (see table 1): 3300cm-1The nearby absorption peak is free hydroxyl or amino stretching vibration after association; 3045cm-1The absorption peak should be the C-H stretching vibration absorption peak of the aromatic ring; 2920 and 2850cm-1The absorption peaks near the aliphatic C-H stretching vibration are respectively corresponding to methylene-CH2Asymmetric stretching vibration and symmetric stretching vibration of 2960cm-1The absorption peak is methyl-CH3Weak absorption peak generated by asymmetric stretching vibration; 1700cm-1The absorption peak is the stretching vibration of aromatic acid anhydride C ═ O; the aromatic carbon C ═ C stretching vibration shifts to 1580cm in low frequency due to conjugation with benzene ring-1Nearby; CH (CH)21440cm since bending vibration was shifted to a low frequency by bonding to an unsaturated group, an O atom having strong electronegativity, or the like-1The absorption peaks are CH at the side chain ends of saturated, aromatic and non-hydrocarbon2Bending vibration; 1264cm-1The nearby absorption peak is observed by Ar-O-Ar, and three obvious absorption peaks appear on the spectrogram, namely 870cm, 812cm and 750cm-1Absorption peak at position around, 870cm-1Is ascribed to 812cm that the benzene ring has one hydrogen atom, namely the benzene ring is pentasubstituted-1Is 750cm adjacent to two or three hydrogen atoms on benzene ring-1Is the benzene ring disubstituted by four adjacent hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring. A condensed vibration, attributed to an aromatic ether bond structure; 1216-1174 cm-1The absorption peak between the two is R-O-C stretching vibration; the absorption peak between 1100 and 1006 is C-O-C stretching vibration; 900-700 cm-1Absorption band ofThe benzene ring vibrates out of plane deformation of the aromatic H surface under various substitution modes.
TABLE 1 adsorption peak assignment of pyrobitumen for thermal simulation of pyrolysis, enrichment of reservoir rock samples
| Peak position | Range of fluctuation | Absorption peak assignment |
| 3300 | 3600～3200 | OH stretching vibration and NH stretching vibration of phenol, alcohol, carboxylic acid and water |
| 3045 | 3113～2991 | CH stretching vibration in aromatic hydrocarbon |
| 2920 | 2943～2892 | CH2Asymmetric telescopic vibration |
| 2850 | 2875～2800 | CH2Symmetric telescopic vibration |
| 1700 | 1720～1687 | Aromatic C ═ |
| 1600 | 1645～1545 | Vibration of C-C skeleton |
| 1460 | 1480～1421 | CH3And CH2Asymmetric deformation vibration |
| 1264 | 1283～1216 | Ar-O-Ar stretching vibration |
| 1175 | 1216～1174 | R-O-C stretching vibration |
| 1083 | 1100～1006 | C-o-C stretching vibration |
| 870 | 921～850 | Out-of-plane CH deformation in aromatics vibration (2 adjacent H atoms) |
| 812 | 850～800 | Out-of-plane deformation vibration of CH in aromatic hydrocarbon (3 adjacent H atoms) |
| 750 | 780～730 | Out-of-plane deformation vibration of CH in aromatic hydrocarbons (4-5 adjacent H atoms) |
Thermal simulated crackingThe attribution condition of the absorption peak of the pyrobitumen is slightly different from that of the pyrobitumen in the reservoir rock, and the absorption peak is mainly concentrated in 1300-1000 cm-1The absorption band is probably because the pyrobitumen enriched in the reservoir rock sample is seriously influenced by inorganic minerals, the requirement on the purity of the sample is higher, if the pyrobitumen is not completely enriched, the content of the inorganic minerals is too high, the absorption peak intensity of organic functional groups of the pyrobitumen is directly influenced, and certain errors exist in an infrared spectrogram result, but the conventional infrared parameter index can still be applied to the infrared characteristic analysis of the reservoir pyrobitumen.
The infrared spectrogram of the pyrobitumen thermally cracked without adding water in crude oil at different temperatures and the infrared spectrogram of the pyrobitumen enriched in the reservoir rock sample are subjected to unified baseline correction and curve fitting treatment by using OMINIC infrared spectrum processing software, and a plurality of structural parameters including a fat degree parameter, an aromatization parameter, an oxygen enrichment degree parameter and the like can be obtained according to a peak fitting result, wherein the structural parameters are shown in Table 2. Wherein the aromatic degree parameter is common aromatic CH stretching vibration (3000-3100 cm)-1) Or aromatic hydrocarbon CH out-of-plane deformation vibration (700-900 cm)-1) Telescopic vibration (2800-3000 cm) with aliphatic CH bond-1) Is expressed by the ratio of aromatic carbon to aliphatic carbon, i.e., the aromatization degree is expressed by the ratio of aromatic carbon to aliphatic carbon. But due to the C-H stretching vibration of the aromatic hydrocarbon (3000-3100 cm)-1) The absorption in the infrared spectrogram of the pyrobitumen obtained by thermal cracking and the pyrobitumen enriched in the reservoir rock sample is very weak and 700-900 cm-1The absorption band overlapping peaks in the region are extremely numerous and are deeply influenced by inorganic minerals, so that the calculation processing such as peak separation is difficult to perform, and the like, so that the infrared spectrum characteristics of the pyrobitumen of different types outside the source are analyzed only by considering indexes such as a fat degree parameter, an oxygen degree parameter and the like.
TABLE 2 pyrobitumen Infrared structural parameters and their significance
Wherein, 2850cm-1/1600cm-1The index reflects the relative intensity ratio of the infrared absorption spectrum peaks of the aliphatic hydrocarbon and the aromatic carbon. Compared with the factor A parameter proposed by Ganz et al, the fat degree parameter expresses the hydrogen enrichment degree of methylene in organic matters, and can also reflect the residual hydrocarbon generation potential of crude oil cracking intermediate products. As the maturity is increased, the aliphatic chain is continuously removed, and the vibration absorption intensity of the aromatic carbon skeleton is basically kept unchanged, so that the aliphatic hydrocarbon CH is characterized2(2850cm-1Nearby) and C ═ C (1600 cm) characterizing the vibration of the aromatic nucleus skeleton-1Nearby) absorption peak intensity to reflect the evolution condition of the organic matter is feasible, and the index ratio is gradually reduced along with the increase of the thermal evolution degree, which shows that the residual hydrocarbon generation potential of the organic matter is continuously reduced along with the increase of the maturity.
The oxygen content parameter A1700/A1600, which reflects the variation of oxygen-containing groups, is similar to the C factor parameter proposed by Ganz et al. With the increase of maturity, C ═ O groups are gradually removed, and an infrared absorption band 1700cm for representing carbonyl C ═ O stretching vibration-1Will decrease continuously, and represent 1600cm of vibration of the aromatic carbon C ═ C skeleton-1The relative intensity of the absorption peak is kept basically constant, and the ratio index is gradually reduced along with the enhancement of the maturation effect.
As the temperature increases, the aliphatic hydrocarbons are continuously separated from the matrix, and the amount of the aliphatic hydrocarbons in the residual pyrobitumen generated by the cracking of the crude oil is gradually reduced. In FIG. 5, the abscissa represents temperature and the ordinate represents a degree of fat parameter, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that, in the absence of water, the hydrogen-rich value of the degree of fat parameter should be the same as the amount of fat hydrogen in oil, but the amounts of fat hydrocarbons in residual pyrobitumen obtained by the simulation experiment of crude oil with different water contents under the same temperature conditions are different, which indicates that the presence of water has a certain influence on the activity of crude oil. In the high evolution stage (after 530 ℃), some aliphatic hydrocarbons remain in the pyrobitumen thermally cracked by crude oil plus formation water (1:2), while the alkyl chains of the pyrobitumen in the conditions of crude oil plus formation water (2:1) and crude oil without water are substantially completely removed.
During thermal cracking, oxygen-containing functional groups are more easily shed than fatty structures because of the lower activation energy required. From the change of the oxygen content parameter (see fig. 6), it can be seen that the abscissa of fig. 6 represents temperature and the ordinate represents the oxygen content parameter, and as the temperature increases, the oxygen content sharply decreases, and a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups are detached. Due to the influence of water, small amounts of non-exfoliated oxygen-containing functional groups remain under the crude oil plus formation water (1:2) conditions.
And performing correlation analysis on the Total Organic carbon (Total Organic carbon TOC) of the pyrobitumen according to the obtained fatness parameter and oxygen content parameter of the pyrobitumen infrared spectrum, and distinguishing the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir by using the TOC. The infrared spectrum characteristics of the residual pyrobitumen obtained by the crude oil and different water content simulation experiments analyzed in the previous section can be known to be 2800-3000 cm-1、1700cm-1And 1600cm-1The three characteristic peaks can be applied to the analysis of infrared spectrum characteristics of different types of pyrobitumen outside the source. According to the infrared result analysis, two indexes of a fat degree parameter (A2850/A1600) and an oxygen degree parameter (A1700/A1600) are selected, the two infrared parameter indexes are applied to the infrared spectrogram result of the pyrobitumen obtained by reservoir enrichment, and the identification analysis of the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir is carried out by combining the TOC value of a reservoir sample.
The A2850/A1600 index of the degree of fat characterizes the amount of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the residual pyrobitumen, and the A1700/A1600 ratio of the degree of oxygen characterizes the amount of oxygen-containing groups in the residual pyrobitumen. From the infrared parameter characteristics (see fig. 5 and fig. 6) of the residual pyrobitumen obtained by the thermal simulation experiment, it can be known that the amount of water in the environment where the liquid hydrocarbon is located has a certain influence on the cracking reaction of the liquid hydrocarbon (or oil), and the presence of water not only provides a hydrogen source and an oxygen source for the generation of gas, but also provides more aliphatic chains and oxygen-containing functional groups for the crude oil cracking intermediate product (solid residual substance). Because the liquid hydrocarbon water content of the uplift region (ancient oil reservoir region) and the slope region (ex-source dispersion region) is different, the ancient oil reservoir region does not contain water or has little water content, the ex-source dispersion region has more water content, and the hydrogen content and the oxygen content of the pyrobitumen generated by the thermal cracking of the ex-source dispersion liquid hydrocarbon under the same temperature condition are higher than those of the ancient oil reservoir in a high evolution stage. From the geological phenomena, under the condition that the water content is not considered, the distribution of the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon is deeper than the depth of the ancient oil reservoir, and the degree of evolution of the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon is reasonably higher, the aliphatic hydrocarbon content and the oxygen content of the pyrobitumen cracked by the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon are lower than those of the ancient oil reservoir under the same condition, but the aliphatic hydrocarbon content and the oxygen content of the pyrobitumen cracked by the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon are higher than those of the ancient oil reservoir, and the influence of water is also confirmed from the side.
From fig. 7 to 12, the high-value area (i.e., the TOC low-value area) of the fat degree parameter and the oxygen degree parameter is divided into the pyrobitumen sample part cracked by the liquid hydrocarbon outside the source, the low-value area (i.e., the TOC high-value area) of the ratio is the pyrobitumen sample part obtained by the thermal evolution of the ancient oil reservoir, the abscissa of fig. 7 to 9 is the TOC content, the ordinate is the fat degree parameter, the abscissa of fig. 10 to 12 is the TOC content, and the ordinate is the oxygen degree parameter. The distribution conditions of the ratio of the fatness parameter and the oxygen content parameter of the Xixiang pool group, the Longwanggio group and the lamp four-section out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir cracked tar are comprehensively considered, and the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir are determined to be divided by taking TOC (total organic carbon) of 0.6% as a boundary, namely, the TOC of less than 0.6% is regarded as out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon, and the TOC of more than or equal to 0.6% is regarded as the ancient oil reservoir.
And judging the reservoir rock (dead carbon) to be judged as belonging to the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon or the residue of the ancient oil reservoir through the determined TOC limit value, and then, representing and calculating the amount of the dead carbon through a logging geochemical method. Crude oil located in the reservoir, under varying degrees of evolution, will crack to produce a portion of residual hydrocarbons and non-effective carbon that cannot be re-cracked, which we refer to as dead carbon.
And calculating a TOC value of each 0.125m of the stratum reservoir rock to be distinguished.
The formula of delta logR calculated according to the acoustic and resistivity logging curves is as follows:
Δlog R＝log10(R/Rbase line)+0.02(Δt-ΔtBase line) (1)
In the formula: Δ logR represents the reading of the distance between the two curves on the corresponding coordinates;
r represents the resistivity (omega. m) of 0.125m reservoir rock actually measured by the logging instrument;
Rbase lineRepresents the corresponding value of resistivity (Ω. m) on the baseline;
0.02 represents the ratio of the logarithmic coordinate value corresponding to one resistivity unit to the arithmetic coordinate value corresponding to one sound wave time difference period;
Δ t represents the acoustic time difference (μ s/ft) for the measured 0.125m reservoir rock;
Δtbase lineThe acoustic time difference (μ s/ft) corresponding to the baseline is shown.
The verification proves that: Δ logR (amount of separation) is linearly related to TOC and is a function of maturity, and the following empirical formula for organic carbon is established:
TOC＝ΔlogR×10(2.297-0.1688LOM)+ΔTOC (2)
in the formula: TOC represents the calculated organic carbon content value (%).
The LOM represents the maturity of organic matter (the size of the parameter is obtained by carrying out a large amount of Tmax analysis or Ro and other experiments on samples in corresponding areas).
Δ TOC represents the magnitude (%) of the background value of the organic carbon content.
The TOC is evaluated by mainly adopting an improved delta logR method, a delta logR model is optimized from the aspect of superposition coefficient K, and the formula (1) is optimized and improved as follows:
ΔlogR＝log(R/Rbase line)+K(Δt-ΔtBase line) (3)
K＝log(Rmax/Rmin)/(Δtmax-Δtmin) (4)
Wherein R ismaxAnd RminRespectively representing the maximum and minimum values, at, of the measured resistivity of the formation reservoir rockmaxAnd Δ tminRespectively representing the maximum and minimum measured acoustic moveout of the formation reservoir.
When calculating the correlation degree R between the TOC and the measured TOC at a certain position2When the maximum value is reached, the superposition coefficient K value at the moment is shown to enable the calculated result to be closest to the actual geological condition, and the K value at the moment should be the correlation degree R2The value corresponding to the turning point from increasing to decreasing, thus obtaining an optimized and improved Δ logR calibration model:
TOC＝a*logR+bΔt+c (5)
wherein TOC represents the content of organic carbon, R represents the resistivity of the stratum to be distinguished, delta t represents the acoustic wave time difference of the stratum to be distinguished, a represents a first coefficient, b represents a second coefficient, and c represents a third coefficient. The optimized delta logR method does not need to artificially set a superposition coefficient K, read a delta logR value, select LOM and determine a delta TOC value.
And (4) utilizing the obtained dead carbon content TOC to invert and evaluate the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon gas source range. The cracking and gasification effects of the out-of-source soluble organic matters are carried out in stages along with the changes of the burial depth, the evolution degree and the like, and the out-of-source soluble organic matters can be cracked into gas in different stages under different thermal histories and burial histories. The specific calculation method is as follows:
TOCdead carbon＝QCrack (crack)·0.83·KDead carbon (6)
Namely: qCrack (crack)＝TOCDead carbon÷(0.83·KDead carbon) (7)
In the formula: qCrack (crack)Represents the liquid hydrocarbon content of the cracking to gas;
TOCdead carbonIndicates the mass of dead carbon (or ineffective carbon);
0.83 represents the mass fraction of carbon in the oil;
Kdead carbonIndicating the yield of dead carbon (which can be obtained by thermal simulation of the experimental results).
Testing the quality of crude oil sample, the quality of hydrocarbon gas and CO generated according to thermal simulation2Can be obtained with respect to KDead carbonThe relation of (1):
dead carbon mass-mass of C in crude oil sample- (mass of C in hydrocarbon gas + CO)2Mass of C);
Kdead carbonQuality of dead carbon/quality of C in crude oil sample
Wherein the mass TOC of dead carbonDead carbonIt can also be obtained from the relationship between total organic carbon and the mass of carbon in residual hydrocarbon and cracked hydrocarbon:
TOCdead carbon＝TOC-(S1+S2)·0.083 (8)
According to equation (8), the liquid hydrocarbon content at which cracking occurs can be calculated by inversion of the amount of dead carbon. And the total gas production rate of the liquid hydrocarbon cracking can be obtained by means of the yield of the oil cracking gas obtained by a gold tube experiment.
Qog＝QCrack (crack)·KHydrocarbon gas (9)
In the formula: qogRepresents the total gas production of liquid hydrocarbon cracking;
Khydrocarbon gasRepresenting the yield of hydrocarbon gas (which can be calibrated by oil-to-gas chemical kinetic models).
The invention also provides a discrimination system for the ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil reservoir, which comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition module 201 is configured to acquire the contents of pyrobitumen and organic carbon in a plurality of strata to be distinguished.
And an infrared spectrogram obtaining module 202, configured to obtain an infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen.
And the structure parameter acquisition module 203 is used for acquiring the ratio of the fatty degree parameter and the ratio of the oxygen content parameter of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram.
A first fitting module 204, configured to fit a first relation curve between the aliphatic degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the aliphatic degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen.
And a second fitting module 205, configured to fit a second relation curve between the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen.
A threshold value determining module 206, configured to use, as a threshold value, the corresponding organic carbon content when both the fat degree parameter ratio in the first relation curve and the oxygen degree parameter ratio in the second relation curve are smaller than a set value.
And the judging module 207 is used for judging whether the organic carbon content of the stratum to be judged is greater than or equal to the threshold value.
And a source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon distinguishing module 208, configured to determine that the stratum to be distinguished is source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon if the organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is smaller than the threshold value.
And the old reservoir distinguishing module 209 is configured to determine that the stratum to be distinguished is an old reservoir if the organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is greater than or equal to the threshold value.
The formula for calculating the total organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is as follows: TOC denotes organic carbon content, R denotes resistivity of the formation to be discriminated, Δ t denotes acoustic moveout of the formation to be discriminated, a denotes a first coefficient, b denotes a second coefficient, and c denotes a third coefficient.
The invention provides a method and a system for distinguishing source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil deposit, wherein a threshold value of organic carbon content is determined according to the correlation between the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen degree parameter ratio of medium-tar pitch of a stratum to be distinguished and the organic carbon content, and the stratum to be distinguished is divided into the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon and the ancient oil deposit according to the threshold value of the organic carbon content, so that the utilization rate of the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon is improved.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for distinguishing extraprovenant dispersed liquid hydrocarbon from ancient oil reservoirs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the contents of pyrobitumen and organic carbon in a plurality of stratums to be judged;
acquiring an infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen;
acquiring the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen content parameter ratio of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram;
fitting a first relation curve of the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
fitting a second relation curve of the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
taking the corresponding organic carbon content as a threshold value when the ratio of the aliphatic parameter in the first relation curve and the ratio of the oxygen content parameter in the second relation curve are both smaller than a set value;
judging whether the organic carbon content of the stratum to be judged is greater than or equal to the threshold value or not;
if so, the stratum to be judged is an ancient oil reservoir;
and if not, the stratum to be judged is the out-of-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbon.
2. The method for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein a formula for calculating the total organic carbon content of the stratum to be discriminated is as follows: TOC denotes organic carbon content, R denotes resistivity of the formation to be discriminated, Δ t denotes acoustic moveout of the formation to be discriminated, a denotes a first coefficient, b denotes a second coefficient, and c denotes a third coefficient.
3. The method of discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the infrared spectrogram is a fourier infrared spectrogram.
4. The method for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the stratum to be discriminated comprises crude oil and reservoir rock.
5. The method for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to claim 4, wherein the pyrobitumen of the crude oil is obtained by a gold tube thermal simulation test.
6. The method for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to claim 4, wherein the pyrobitumen of the reservoir rock is obtained by enrichment.
7. A system for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and paleoid reservoirs, the system comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the contents of pyrobitumen and organic carbon in a plurality of stratums to be judged;
the infrared spectrogram acquisition module is used for acquiring the infrared spectrogram of each pyrobitumen;
the structure parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring the fat degree parameter ratio and the oxygen content parameter ratio of the pyrobitumen according to the infrared spectrogram;
the first fitting module is used for fitting a first relation curve of the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the fatty degree parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
the second fitting module is used for fitting a second relation curve of the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content according to the oxygen content parameter ratio and the organic carbon content of each pyrobitumen;
a threshold value determining module, configured to use, as threshold values, the corresponding organic carbon content when both the fat degree parameter ratio in the first relation curve and the oxygen degree parameter ratio in the second relation curve are smaller than a set value;
the judging module is used for judging whether the organic carbon content of the stratum to be judged is greater than or equal to the threshold value;
the ancient oil reservoir distinguishing module is used for judging that the stratum to be distinguished is the ancient oil reservoir if the organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is greater than or equal to the threshold value;
and the source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon distinguishing module is used for judging that the stratum to be distinguished is source external dispersion liquid hydrocarbon if the organic carbon content of the stratum to be distinguished is less than the threshold value.
8. The system for discriminating between ex-source dispersed liquid hydrocarbons and ancient oil reservoirs according to claim 7, wherein a formula for calculating the total organic carbon content of the stratum to be discriminated is as follows: TOC denotes organic carbon content, R denotes resistivity of the formation to be discriminated, Δ t denotes acoustic moveout of the formation to be discriminated, a denotes a first coefficient, b denotes a second coefficient, and c denotes a third coefficient.
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