CN107727308B - Steel pipe column expansion crack failure internal pressure multi-point control automatic alarm system - Google Patents
Steel pipe column expansion crack failure internal pressure multi-point control automatic alarm system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107727308B CN107727308B CN201710978278.XA CN201710978278A CN107727308B CN 107727308 B CN107727308 B CN 107727308B CN 201710978278 A CN201710978278 A CN 201710978278A CN 107727308 B CN107727308 B CN 107727308B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/08—Means for indicating or recording, e.g. for remote indication
- G01L19/12—Alarms or signals
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic alarm system developed for preventing expansion crack of a steel pipe column from losing bearing capacity, in particular to an automatic alarm system for controlling internal pressure of a steel pipe, which is developed aiming at the condition that soil contained in the steel pipe column cracks due to frost heaving in winter in northern China when the steel pipe column is used as a main component of a supporting structure system in a tunnel or deep foundation pit supporting system. A group of alarm systems capable of sensing the internal pressure of the steel pipe are arranged on the steel pipe column along the length direction of the steel pipe column, and when the pressure reaches a certain limit value, the alarm systems automatically give out alarm sounds immediately and are provided with colored lights to display, so that the automatic and instant alarm function is realized. Therefore, corresponding plan measures are taken, and engineering accidents caused by frost cracking of the steel pipe column due to sudden change of internal pressure are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic alarm system developed for preventing expansion crack of a steel pipe column from losing bearing capacity, in particular to an automatic alarm system for controlling internal pressure of a steel pipe, which is developed aiming at the condition that soil contained in the steel pipe column cracks due to frost heaving in winter in northern China when the steel pipe column is used as a main component of a supporting structure system in a tunnel or deep foundation pit supporting system.
Background
The steel pipe column is an important component of a common supporting structure system of an urban open-cut or semi-covered-cut construction tunnel, a large pier or a deep foundation pit of a high-rise building. The construction of such a support structure system generally comprises: the foundation pit excavation method comprises the following steps of constructing and pouring enclosure row piles through drilling before excavation of a foundation pit, providing steel pipe columns (or lattice columns) with vertical supporting force, horizontally supporting transverse steel pipes, consolidating the tops of the enclosure piles into a whole, forming a common stressed crown beam, providing a bridge plate of a construction operation surface, supporting steel enclosing purlins stressed at two ends of each steel support, providing a pile foundation at the lower part of each steel pipe column, providing a support with the steel supports in place and parallel to the direction of a beam tie, and forming the concrete beam tie parallel to the direction of the crown beam.
The deep foundation pit supporting system has good integral stability and is very widely applied in practical engineering. In the whole supporting system, the upper end of the steel pipe column is used for providing a fulcrum for the horizontal and transverse concrete support at the top, and the vertical load transmitted by the concrete support at the top of the cover-excavation construction or semi-cover-excavation construction foundation pit is borne. The lower end of the steel pipe column is implanted into the foundation, and the part is welded with a reinforcement cage inside the concrete pile. When the steel pipe column is installed, the construction method is adopted, before hoisting, the steel pipe column and the reinforcement cage of the concrete pile are welded together and implanted into a pile hole which is drilled in advance, and then concrete is injected into the reinforcement cage of the concrete pile at the bottom until the preset design is poured. The construction method is bound to jack water and slurry in a pile hole into the steel pipe column in the process of pouring the concrete pile so as to fill the steel pipe column with the slurry. In the north of China, when a foundation pit is excavated and enters winter, slurry in the steel pipe column tends to cause frozen expansion, so that the steel pipe column bears huge internal expansion force, the expansion force is enough to expand and crack the steel pipe column, the bearing capacity of the steel pipe column is lost, and finally the instability of a support system structure can be caused. The expansion crack failure of the steel pipe column sometimes occurs in northern foundation pit engineering.
In order to solve the problem, in the winter construction process of the foundation pit, measures for preventing the steel pipe columns from frost cracking include increasing foundation pit heat preservation measures, punching holes in the walls of the steel pipe columns, exhausting moisture in the steel pipe columns as much as possible, heating in the foundation pit, and heating each steel pipe column if necessary. The steel pipe column is frost-cracked due to untimely heating, the construction cost is increased due to excessive heating, and energy waste is caused. Therefore, the internal pressure of the steel pipe column is mastered in time, automatic alarm is realized before the expansion crack is reached, protective measures such as heating are taken, the loss of the bearing capacity of the steel pipe column caused by the expansion crack of the steel pipe column is avoided, and the stability of the support system structure is ensured. For example, in winter construction of a south-north fast trunk line of a certain city in a tunnel of the city, moisture in steel pipe columns is not removed in time, and the steel pipe columns are heated untimely, so that expansion cracks of 73 steel pipe columns in the tunnel in different degrees are caused, the steel pipe walls of 24 steel pipe columns are completely cracked from top to bottom, so that the bearing capacity of the steel pipe columns is lost, a steel pipe column is forced to be added beside each expanded steel pipe column, an electric blanket is wrapped on 10 long columns of 200 steel pipe columns for heating for 24 hours, the steel pipe columns are guaranteed not to be frost-cracked, and the stability of an original support system in a tunnel foundation pit is guaranteed. The construction cost increased by only adopting the measure is up to more than 1000 ten thousand yuan.
In a tunnel or deep foundation pit supporting system using a steel pipe column as a main vertical stress component, aiming at the condition that the steel pipe column cannot be found in time due to the fact that frost cracking danger occurs in winter construction, a warning system which can monitor the internal pressure change of the steel pipe column in real time is arranged at different positions of the steel pipe column, and when the internal pressure of the steel pipe column reaches a certain limit value, a warning sound is sent out immediately and is matched with a colored light to display, corresponding plan measures can be taken in time, and therefore engineering accidents are avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic alarm system for controlling the internal pressure of a steel pipe column. The pressure change can be monitored in real time by placing an alarm system which can automatically give out alarm sound when the pressure change is sensed to reach a certain limit value and is provided with a colored light display.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides a steel-pipe column rises and splits inefficacy internal pressure multiple spot control automatic alarm system which characterized in that:
comprises a steel pipe column, a pressure switch and an alarm;
the upper end of the steel pipe column provides a fulcrum for the concrete support with the top horizontal and transverse, and the lower end of the steel pipe column is implanted into a foundation and welded with a reinforcement cage in the concrete pile;
the alarm device includes:
the contact sheet plate takes the support column as a fulcrum to form a lever structure; one end of the contact plate is connected with the base through a spring, an electromagnet is arranged between the other end of the contact plate and the base, and a gap is formed between the electromagnet and the contact plate;
the electromagnet, the pressure switch and the electromagnet loop power supply form a closed loop;
the contact sheet on the contact sheet plate and the green light wiring terminal are normally closed, and the loop power supply and the green light form a loop;
when the electromagnet is electrified and adsorbs the contact plate, the contact plate is contacted with the red light wiring terminal, so that the red light, the PLC group, the electric bell and the loop power supply form a closed loop;
the pressure switch is formed by connecting three pressure control switches in parallel; the first pressure control switch is installed on the upper part of the steel pipe column; the second pressure control switch is arranged in the middle of the steel pipe column; and the third pressure control switch is arranged at the lower part of the steel pipe column.
The steel pipe column expansion crack failure internal pressure multi-point control automatic alarm system is characterized in that: each pressure control switch is structurally characterized in that two bearing plates are separated by a bearing spring, and the inner sides of the two bearing plates are oppositely provided with a contact and a pressure switch wiring terminal.
The steel-pipe column rises and splits inefficacy internal pressure multiple spot control automatic alarm system, its characterized in that: the PLC group consists of three groups of PLCs; wherein the PLC1 is connected with the first pressure control switch; wherein the PLC2 is connected with the second pressure control switch; wherein the PLC3 is connected with the third pressure control switch; and different alarm modes are set in the three groups of PLCs.
The steel pipe column expansion crack failure internal pressure multi-point control automatic alarm system is characterized in that: the three pressure control switches are arranged on the steel pipe column at the following installation positions:
when the length L of the steel pipe column is less than 9m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column1L/3, the second pressure control switch is far from the top of the column23L/5; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝4/5L；
When the length of the steel pipe columnL is 9m, and the first pressure control switch is at a distance L from the top of the column12.5m, second pressure control switch is at a distance L from the top of the column25.5 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝7.5m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is 9-12 m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column is12.5-3.5 m, and the distance L between the second pressure control switch and the top of the column25.5m to 7.0 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝7.5m～10m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is 12m, the distance L of the first pressure control switch from the top of the column13.5m, second pressure control switch is at a distance L from the top of the column27 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝10m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is 12-16 m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column is13.5-6.0 m, and the distance L between the second pressure control switch and the top of the column27.0-9.5 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝10.0m～12.5m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is 16m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column is16m, the second pressure control switch is at a distance L from the top of the column29.5 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝12.5m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is 16-20 m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column16.0-6.5 m, and the distance L between the second pressure control switch and the top of the column29.5-11.5 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝12.5m～15.5m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is 20m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column16.5m, second pressure control switch is at a distance L from the top of the column211.5 m; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝15.5m。
When the length L of the steel pipe column is more than 20m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch and the top of the column1L/3, the second pressure control switch is far from the top of the column23L/5; third pressure control switch distance L from column top3＝4/5L。
The advantages and effects are as follows:
the automatic alarm system has the advantages that the automatic alarm system for preventing the expansion crack of the steel pipe column from losing the bearing capacity is realized, the automatic alarm system is automatic and accurate, and the manual guard is not needed.
1) The range of the pressure switch can be designed according to the material and the design size of the steel pipe column on the value of the internal pressure of the steel pipe column, and the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the alarm pressure value are determined.
2) The same alarm system can realize the pressure protection of multiple points of the steel pipe column, thereby saving the cost and improving the benefit;
3) the automatic unattended operation is realized, and the real-time alarm function is realized.
Therefore, corresponding plan measures are taken in time, and the occurrence of engineering accidents caused by expansion and cracking of the steel pipe column is avoided.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an alarm;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pressure control switch;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a foundation pit supporting structure and a steel pipe column;
the labels are: 1. the system comprises a first pressure control switch, 2, a second pressure control switch, 3, a third pressure control switch, 4, a contact plate, 5, an electromagnet, 6, a contact, 7, a green lamp wiring terminal, 8, a red lamp wiring terminal, 9, a green lamp, 10, a red lamp, 11, an alarm electric bell, 12, an alarm lamp loop power supply, 13, an electromagnet loop power supply, 14, a pressure-bearing spring, 15, a pressure-bearing plate, 16, a pressure switch wiring terminal, 17, a fender post, 18, a crown beam, 19, a concrete support, 20, a steel pipe column, 21, a steel support, 22, a steel purlin, 23, a floor and 24.
Detailed Description
The system comprises three parts, namely a steel pipe column in a deep foundation pit supporting system, an alarm device and a pressure switch arranged on the steel pipe column.
As shown in fig. 3:
the upper end of the steel pipe column 20 provides a fulcrum for the concrete support 19 with the horizontal and transverse top, and the lower end of the steel pipe column is embedded into the foundation 24 and welded with a reinforcement cage inside the concrete pile.
The upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the steel pipe column are respectively provided with a pressure control switch, the position of each switch firstly considers the length of the steel pipe column and the arrangement position of the transverse steel support, and the length of the steel pipe column and the installation position of a sensor refer to the following table according to the arrangement principle of the transverse steel support and the reference of engineering experience:
TABLE 1 this alarm system pressure switch mounting position
The pressure control switch is connected with an alarm, and the alarm is structurally shown in figure 1:
the contact sheet plate 4 takes the support column as a fulcrum to form a lever structure; one end of the contact plate 4 is connected with the base through a spring, an electromagnet 5 is arranged between the other end of the contact plate 4 and the base, and a gap is formed between the electromagnet 5 and the contact plate 4;
the electromagnet 5, the pressure switch and the electromagnet loop power supply 13 form a closed loop;
the contact 6 on the contact plate 4 is normally closed with the green lamp binding post 7, and the loop power supply 12 and the green lamp 9 form a loop;
when the electromagnet 5 is electrified and adsorbs the contact plate 4, the contact 6 is contacted with the red light wiring terminal 8, so that the red light 10, the PLC group, the electric bell 11 and the loop power supply 12 form a closed loop;
the pressure switch is formed by connecting the three pressure control switches in parallel;
each pressure control switch is structurally characterized in that two bearing plates (15) are separated by a bearing spring (14), and the inner sides of the two bearing plates (15) are oppositely provided with a contact and a pressure switch wiring terminal (16);
the alarm is provided with a PLC group which consists of three groups of PLCs; wherein the PLC1 is connected with the first pressure control switch (1); wherein the PLC2 is connected with the second pressure control switch (2); wherein the PLC3 is connected with the third pressure control switch (3); different alarm modes are set in the three groups of PLCs, and the following table is specifically set:
TABLE 2 Warning light and alarm Bell alarm mode settings
In order to better distinguish that the pressure at the upper, middle and lower different positions in the steel pipe column reaches the alarm value, 3 groups of program controllers (PLC) are configured on the warning lamp and the alarm bell circuit, and three groups of different alarm indication red lamps and alarm bells are matched to be arranged, so that the positions of dangerous points and the reasons for alarming can be accurately distinguished. When the pressure at the upper part of the steel pipe column reaches an alarm value, the 1 st group of program controllers PLC1 work, and a first group of alarm indication red lamps and alarm bells are set to start alarm; similarly, when the pressure of the middle part of the steel pipe column reaches an alarm value, the 2 nd group of program controllers PLC1 work, and the 2 nd group of alarm indication red lamps and alarm bells are set to start alarm; similarly, when the pressure at the lower part of the steel pipe column reaches an alarm value, the 3 rd group of program controllers PLC1 work, and the 3 rd group of alarm indication red lamps and alarm bells are arranged to start alarm.
When the pressures of the upper, middle and lower parts inside the steel pipe column are in a normal range during foundation pit construction, the system is in a closed loop formed by a 7 green lamp binding post, a 9 normal working green lamp and a 12 loop power supply, the steel support is in a normal working state at the moment, and the green lamp is turned on. When the temperature in the foundation pit is reduced to a certain degree, when any of the internal pressures in the upper, middle and lower three positions inside the steel pipe column reaches a set value, the pressure sensing device at the position is transmitted to the alarm device main body through a signal line, a corresponding switch in figure 1 is closed immediately, 5 electromagnets work to generate magnetic force, 6 contact sheet joints are separated from 7 green lamp binding posts, and 8 red lamp binding posts are connected, so that the system is positioned by 8 red lamp binding posts, 9 alarm indication red lamps, 11 alarm electric bells and 12 loop power supplies form a closed loop, the red lamps are turned on and the electric bells are turned off at the same time, and an alarm signal is sent. And according to the action of the PLC, different sound and light signals are sent out when the switches at different positions give an alarm.
In actual use, different alarm values are set for the pressure switch according to different steel strength of the steel pipe column. For example, the specification of the steel pipe column designed for the north-south fast main line tunnel of a certain city is steel pipe
609 multiplied by 16, the strength of the steel is designed to be 315N/mm2, and the general specification on engineering is obtained by calculating and referring to engineering experience
The 609 x 16 steel pipe column strength alarm values are respectively as follows:
TABLE 3 alarm value of pressure sensor of alarm system
By implementing the invention, the automatic alarm system for preventing the expansion crack of the steel pipe column from losing the bearing capacity is realized, and the automatic alarm system is automatic and accurate and does not need to be attended manually.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a steel-pipe column rises and splits inefficacy internal pressure multiple spot control automatic alarm system which characterized in that:
comprises a steel pipe column (20), a pressure switch and an alarm;
the upper end of the steel pipe column provides a fulcrum for a concrete support (19) with the top horizontal and transverse, and the lower end of the steel pipe column is implanted into a foundation (24) and welded with a reinforcement cage in the concrete pile;
the alarm device includes:
the contact sheet plate (4) takes the support column as a fulcrum to form a lever structure; one end of the contact sheet plate (4) is connected with the base through a spring, an electromagnet (5) is arranged between the other end of the contact sheet plate and the base, and a gap is formed between the electromagnet (5) and the contact sheet plate (4); the electromagnet (5), the pressure switch and the electromagnet loop power supply (13) form a closed loop;
the contact (6) on the contact plate (4) and the green lamp wiring terminal (7) are normally closed, and the loop power supply (12) and the green lamp (9) form a loop;
under the state that the electromagnet (5) is electrified to adsorb the contact plate (4), the contact plate (6) is contacted with the red light wiring terminal (8), so that a red light (10), the PLC group, the electric bell (11) and the loop power supply (12) form a closed loop;
the pressure switch is formed by connecting three pressure control switches in parallel; wherein, the first pressure control switch (1) is arranged at the upper part of the steel pipe column; the second pressure control switch (2) is arranged in the middle of the steel pipe column; the third pressure control switch (3) is arranged at the lower part of the steel pipe column;
each pressure control switch is structurally characterized in that two bearing plates (15) are separated by a bearing spring (14), and the inner sides of the two bearing plates (15) are oppositely provided with a contact and a pressure switch wiring terminal (16);
the three pressure control switches are arranged on the steel pipe column at the following installation positions:
when the length L of the steel pipe column is less than 9m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1= L/3, distance L of second pressure control switch (2) from column top2= 3L/5; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=4/5L；
When the length L of the steel pipe column =9m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=2.5m, distance L of second pressure control switch (2) from column top2=5.5 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=7.5m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column =9 m-12 m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=2.5 m-3.5 m, distance L of the second pressure control switch (2) from the top of the column2=5.5 m-7.0 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=7.5m~10m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column =12m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=3.5m, distance L of second pressure control switch (2) from column top2=7 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=10m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column =12 m-16 m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=3.5 m-6.0 m, distance L of the second pressure control switch (2) from the top of the column2=7.0 m-9.5 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=10.0m~12.5m；
When the length L =16m of the steel pipe column, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=6m, secondDistance L between the pressure control switch (2) and the top of the column2=9.5 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=12.5m；
When the length L =16 m-20 m of the steel pipe column, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=6.0 m-6.5 m, distance L of the second pressure control switch (2) from the top of the column2=9.5 m-11.5 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=12.5m~15.5m；
When the length L =20m of the steel pipe column, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1=6.5m, distance L of second pressure control switch (2) from column top2=11.5 m; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=15.5m；
When the length L of the steel pipe column is more than 20m, the distance L between the first pressure control switch (1) and the top of the column1= L/3, distance L of second pressure control switch (2) from column top2= 3L/5; the distance L between the third pressure control switch (3) and the top of the column3=4/5L。
2. The steel pipe column expansion fracture failure internal pressure multipoint control automatic alarm system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PLC group consists of three PLCs; wherein the PLC1 is connected with the first pressure control switch (1); wherein the PLC2 is connected with the second pressure control switch (2); wherein the PLC3 is connected with the third pressure control switch (3); and different alarm modes are set in the three groups of PLCs.
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| CN201710978278.XA CN107727308B (en) | 2017-10-18 | 2017-10-18 | Steel pipe column expansion crack failure internal pressure multi-point control automatic alarm system |
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| CN104422618A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-18 | 江苏瑞银不锈钢制品有限公司 | Protection improvement device for steel pipe water pressure testing machine |
| CN205375724U (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-07-06 | 曹清明 | Intelligent anti -theft net |
| CN106370343A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-01 | 中南大学 | Blower fan feature multipoint pressure synchronous measurement test system |
| CN206514987U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-09-22 | 刘正茂 | A kind of piping lane internal pressure detection means |
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2017
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Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2139305Y (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1993-07-28 | 罗强 | Pressure switch |
| CN202137693U (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2012-02-08 | 蒋思 | Pressure protecting device |
| CN202274857U (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-06-13 | 王瑜 | Concrete formwork deformation monitoring alarm |
| CN103207118A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2013-07-17 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Real-time measuring apparatus and real-time measuring method for large deformation and stress of test tube in steel pipe bending deformation |
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| CN104422618A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-18 | 江苏瑞银不锈钢制品有限公司 | Protection improvement device for steel pipe water pressure testing machine |
| CN104019849A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-03 | 河海大学 | Steel penstock and expansion joint operating parameter automatic monitoring system and evaluation method thereof |
| CN205375724U (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2016-07-06 | 曹清明 | Intelligent anti -theft net |
| CN106370343A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-01 | 中南大学 | Blower fan feature multipoint pressure synchronous measurement test system |
| CN206514987U (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-09-22 | 刘正茂 | A kind of piping lane internal pressure detection means |
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| CN107727308A (en) | 2018-02-23 |
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