CN107718814A - 一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107718814A
CN107718814A CN201710940022.XA CN201710940022A CN107718814A CN 107718814 A CN107718814 A CN 107718814A CN 201710940022 A CN201710940022 A CN 201710940022A CN 107718814 A CN107718814 A CN 107718814A
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fabric
solution
fire
compliant conductive
preparation
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邱志明
林晓东
刘青松
王泽华
严玉蓉
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Modern Avenue Fashion Group Co Ltd
South China University of Technology SCUT
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Modern Avenue Fashion Group Co Ltd
South China University of Technology SCUT
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物及制备方法，该导电织物由上至下依次包括上层阻燃疏水织物、中间层柔性导电织物、下层舒适透气织物，针对目前导电高分子涂层电导率较低的问题，提供了一种制备高效导电的聚噻吩/石墨烯复合导电织物，通过将定量石墨烯与待纺丝液混合然后纺丝并加工成织物，将上述织物在聚乙撑二氧噻吩单体溶液及氧化液中原位聚合得到高效导电织物，将该织物作为中间层与上层的阻燃疏水织物以及下层的舒适透气织物叠合。所得到的三层复合织物导电性能优良，舒适度佳且兼具阻燃疏水性适用于更多领域。

Description

一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及功能纺织品领域，具体涉及一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物及制备方法。
背景技术
早在60年前，摆脱天然纤维的各种新型纤维不断被开发，其中导电纤维因其导电性受到了极大的关注。根据导电纤维的特点，可将其分为金属系导电纤维，炭黑系导电纤维、导电高分子型纤维、金属化合物型导电纤维。导电织物是由导电纤维与服用纤维混纺而成或者以服用织物为基底在其上负载导电材料。导电织物作为一种功能性面料，可广泛应用于抗静电纺织品、屏蔽电磁波纺织品、反侦察伪装材料和智能可穿戴纺织品等领域，极大地拓展了纺织服装的应用领域。
虽然导电纤维得到了长足的发展，但也存在着一定的问题，如金属系导电纤维手感不好，抱合差，自重过大且不易混纺；炭黑系导电纤维耐冲击性差，易折损；导电高分子型纤维刚度过大，难溶，难熔，不易成型；金属化合物型导电纤维手感粗糙，舒适性较差。因此由导电纤维和服用纤维混纺而成的导电织物拥有各种缺陷，而以服用纺织品为基底在其上负载导电材料的研究更加广泛。
随着社会的发展，人们对多功能防护服的需求越来越多，如抗菌/抗静电织物，抗静电/疏水疏油织物等。但是目前各类功能整理剂的作用较为单一，且单一功能整理剂之间存在相容性问题，有的难以同浴使用，有的即使分步处理也难以达到相应的要求。目前关于兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物的研究仍较少。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的缺点与不足，本发明提供一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物及制备方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物，由上至下依次为阻燃疏水织物层、柔性导电织物层及舒适透气织物层，上述三层粘结在一起，所述柔性导电织物层由至少一个条状的柔性导电织物构成，条状的宽度及长度根据实际情况确定。
上述三层的纤维克重为20-300克/平方米。
所述舒适透气织物层为棉、麻、毛、丝、天丝及其混纺织物中的一种。
一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物的制备方法，
所述柔性导电织物层的制备，包括如下步骤：
S2.1将乙撑二氧噻吩和粘结剂按质量分数比(1～10)：(1～10)溶解于溶剂中得到均匀的单体溶液；
S2.2将氧化剂在溶剂中配置成氧化液；
S2.3将所述单体溶液与所述氧化液混合得到混合液；
S2.4将石墨烯掺杂的化学纤维织物浸入所述混合液中，在30℃～120℃下原位聚合5min～40min，将得到的织物用甲醇洗涤数次，然后置于50℃～90℃的烘箱中干燥10min～60min，即得中间层柔性导电织物层。
所述粘结剂为聚酰亚胺、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或聚乙烯醇中的一种以上；
所述溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、正丁醇或二甲基乙酰胺中的一种以上；
所述单体溶液中的单体和粘结剂的总质量百分含量为5％～20％；
所述氧化剂为重铬酸钾、高锰酸钾或氯化铁中的一种以上；
所述氧化液中的氧化剂的质量百分含量为10％～60％；
所述混合液中的单体溶液与氧化液按照氧化剂与乙撑二氧噻吩的质量分数比为(1～5)：(1～5)混合配制。
所述石墨烯掺杂的化学纤维织物中的石墨烯质量百分比为0.1％～5％；
所述化学纤维织物为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、氨纶及其混纺织物中的一种；所述石墨烯掺杂的化学纤维织物的掺杂方式为纺丝溶液掺杂或者纺丝熔融体掺杂。
还包括所述阻燃疏水织物的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1.1将粘结剂加入至去离子水中得到溶液a；
S1.2将石墨、N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、磷酸氢二铵以及纳米二氧化钛加入至所述溶液a中得到溶液b；
S1.3将所述溶液b超声分散30min得到溶液c；
S1.4将化学纤维织物浸入至所述溶液c中2min～60min然后挤压再浸入反复1～5次；
S1.5将处理后的化学纤维织物在室温下干燥再在50℃～200℃下固化即得上层阻燃疏水织物。
所述粘结剂为聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素钠或淀粉中的一种以上；
所述溶液a中的粘结剂的质量百分含量为1％～15％；
所述溶液b中的石墨、N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、磷酸氢二铵和纳米二氧化钛的混合物的质量百分含量为1％～15％；
所述石墨、N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、磷酸氢二铵和纳米二氧化钛的质量分数比为(1～2)：(1～2)：(1～4)：(0～0.3)；
所述化学纤维织物为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、氨纶及其混纺织物中的一种。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)掺杂剂石墨烯与原位聚合的导电聚乙撑二氧噻吩的相互协同作用使织物电导率得到极大提高，能够满足导电织物对高导电性的要求，而且掺杂剂石墨烯的加入能够有效改善导电涂层与织物的结合力，且提供一定的抗菌性、远红外发热功能。
(2)通过采用三层织物叠合的结构，不仅可以满足高导电性的要求还提供了阻燃疏水功能，同时满足服装对舒适透气性的要求。这种设计解决了市场对多功能服装的需求与各类功能整理剂的作用较为单一，且单一功能整理剂之间存在相容性问题，有的难以同时使用，有的即使分步处理也难以达到相应的要求这一问题。
(3)三层织物都保持了原有织物的柔性，织物本身的服用性能变化不大，穿着舒适。
(4)因掺杂剂石墨烯与原位聚合的导电聚乙撑二氧噻吩的相互协同作用使织物电导率得到极大提高，所以可以使用条状的柔性导电织物粘贴在舒适透气织物层，任意形状设置，实现导电功能，节约材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明作进一步地详细说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
将4g PVA1750加热溶解在50ml的去离子水中得到PVA的质量百分含量为8％的PVA水溶液a。
将1g石墨、1g N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、2g磷酸氢二铵以及0.2g纳米二氧化钛加入至所述溶液a中得到溶液b。
将所述溶液b超声分散30min得到溶液c。
将涤纶织物浸入至所述溶液c中10min然后挤压再浸入反复3次，得到后处理涤纶织物。
将后处理涤纶织物在室温下干燥再在70℃下固化即得上层阻燃疏水织物。
将2g乙撑二氧噻吩和0.2g的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Mw.36000)溶解于20ml正丁醇中得到均匀的单体溶液。
将1g对甲苯磺酸铁溶解在2.2ml正丁醇中配制成45％浓度的氧化液。
将单体溶液与氧化液混合得到混合液。
将1wt.％石墨烯掺杂的腈纶织物浸入所述混合液中在65℃下原位聚合20min，将得到的织物用甲醇洗涤数次，置于65℃的烘箱中干燥30min，即得中间层柔性导电织物。
将上层阻燃疏水织物、中间层柔性导电织物、下层棉织物叠合即得兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物。
实施例2：
将4g PVA1750加热溶解在50ml的去离子水中得到PVA的质量百分含量为8％的PVA水溶液a。
将1g石墨、1g N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、2g磷酸氢二铵至所述溶液a中得到溶液b。
将所述溶液b超声分散30min得到溶液c。
将涤纶织物浸入至所述溶液c中10min然后挤压再浸入反复3次，得到后处理涤纶织物。
将后处理涤纶织物在室温下干燥再在70℃下固化即得上层阻燃疏水织物。
将2g乙撑二氧噻吩和0.2g的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Mw.36000)溶解于20ml正丁醇中得到均匀的单体溶液。
将1g对甲苯磺酸铁溶解在2.2ml正丁醇中配制成45％浓度的氧化液。
将单体溶液与氧化液混合得到混合液。
将0.2wt.％石墨烯掺杂的腈纶织物浸入所述混合液中在65℃下原位聚合20min，将得到的织物用甲醇洗涤数次，置于65℃的烘箱中干燥30min，即得中间层柔性导电织物。
将上层阻燃疏水织物、中间层柔性导电织物、下层棉织物叠合即得兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物。
实施例3：
将4g PVA1750加热溶解在50ml的去离子水中得到PVA的质量百分含量为8％的PVA水溶液a。
将1g石墨、1g N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、1.5g磷酸氢二铵以及0.2g纳米二氧化钛加入至所述溶液a中得到溶液b。
将所述溶液b超声分散30min得到溶液c。
将涤纶织物浸入至所述溶液c中10min然后挤压再浸入反复3次，得到后处理涤纶织物。
将后处理涤纶织物在室温下干燥再在70℃下固化即得上层阻燃疏水织物。
将2g乙撑二氧噻吩和0.2g的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Mw.36000)溶解于30ml正丁醇中得到均匀的单体溶液。
将1g对甲苯磺酸铁溶解在4ml正丁醇中配制成25％浓度的氧化液。
将单体溶液与氧化液混合得到混合液。
将没有石墨烯掺杂的腈纶织物浸入所述混合液中在65℃下原位聚合20min，将得到的织物用甲醇洗涤数次，置于65℃的烘箱中干燥30min，即得中间层柔性导电织物。
将上层阻燃疏水织物、中间层柔性导电织物、下层棉织物叠合即得兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物。
实施例4：
将4g PVA1750加热溶解在80ml的去离子水中得到PVA的质量百分含量为5％的PVA水溶液a。
将1g石墨、1g N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、2.5g磷酸氢二铵以及0.2g纳米二氧化钛加入至所述溶液a中得到溶液b。
将所述溶液b超声分散30min得到溶液c。
将涤纶织物浸入至所述溶液c中10min然后挤压再浸入反复3次，得到后处理涤纶织物。
将后处理涤纶织物在室温下干燥再在70℃下固化即得上层阻燃疏水织物。
将2.5g乙撑二氧噻吩和0.2g的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(Mw.36000)溶解于20ml正丁醇中得到均匀的单体溶液。
将1g对甲苯磺酸铁溶解在2.2ml正丁醇中配制成45％浓度的氧化液。
将单体溶液与氧化液混合得到混合液。
将没有石墨烯掺杂的腈纶织物浸入所述混合液中在65℃下原位聚合20min，将得到的织物用甲醇洗涤数次，置于65℃的烘箱中干燥30min，即得中间层柔性导电织物。
将上层阻燃疏水织物、中间层柔性导电织物、下层棉织物叠合即得兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物。
利用四探针电阻率测量仪、垂直燃烧实验仪、接触角测试仪检测，样品为300×80mm的长方形，实施例1-4制备的一种兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物的上层阻燃疏水织物的燃烧速率、水接触角，中间层柔性导电织物的电导率的结果如下所示：
由上表可见，本发明制备的一种兼具阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物具有良好的阻燃疏水性，同时拥有很高的电导率。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受所述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物，其特征在于，由上至下依次为阻燃疏水织物层、柔性导电织物层及舒适透气织物层，上述三层粘结在一起，所述柔性导电织物层由至少一个条状的柔性导电织物构成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柔性导电织物，其特征在于，上述三层的纤维克重为20-300克/平方米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柔性导电织物，其特征在于，所述舒适透气织物层为棉、麻、毛、丝、天丝及其混纺织物中的一种。
4.如权利要求1-2任一项所述的一种具有阻燃疏水作用的柔性导电织物的制备方法，其特征在于，
所述柔性导电织物层的制备，包括如下步骤：
S2.1将乙撑二氧噻吩和粘结剂按质量分数比(1～10)：(1～10)溶解于溶剂中得到均匀的单体溶液；
S2.2将氧化剂在溶剂中配置成氧化液；
S2.3将所述单体溶液与所述氧化液混合得到混合液；
S2.4将石墨烯掺杂的化学纤维织物浸入所述混合液中，在30℃～120℃下原位聚合5min～40min，将得到的织物用甲醇洗涤数次，然后置于50℃～90℃的烘箱中干燥10min～60min，即得中间层柔性导电织物层。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为聚酰亚胺、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或聚乙烯醇中的一种以上；
所述溶剂为N-甲基吡咯烷酮、正丁醇或二甲基乙酰胺中的一种以上；
所述单体溶液中的单体和粘结剂的总质量百分含量为5％～20％；
所述氧化剂为重铬酸钾、高锰酸钾或氯化铁中的一种以上；
所述氧化液中的氧化剂的质量百分含量为10％～60％；
所述混合液中的单体溶液与氧化液按照氧化剂与乙撑二氧噻吩的质量分数比为(1～5)：(1～5)混合配制。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述石墨烯掺杂的化学纤维织物中的石墨烯质量百分比为0.1％～5％；
所述化学纤维织物为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、氨纶及其混纺织物中的一种；所述石墨烯掺杂的化学纤维织物的掺杂方式为纺丝溶液掺杂或者纺丝熔融体掺杂。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括所述阻燃疏水织物的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
S1.1将粘结剂加入至去离子水中得到溶液a；
S1.2将石墨、N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、磷酸氢二铵以及纳米二氧化钛加入至所述溶液a中得到溶液b；
S1.3将所述溶液b超声分散30min得到溶液c；
S1.4将化学纤维织物浸入至所述溶液c中2min～60min然后挤压再浸入反复1～5次；
S1.5将处理后的化学纤维织物在室温下干燥再在50℃～200℃下固化即得上层阻燃疏水织物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述粘结剂为聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素钠或淀粉中的一种以上；
所述溶液a中的粘结剂的质量百分含量为1％～15％；
所述溶液b中的石墨、N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、磷酸氢二铵和纳米二氧化钛的混合物的质量百分含量为1％～15％；
所述石墨、N-[3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙基]-乙二胺、磷酸氢二铵和纳米二氧化钛的质量分数比为(1～2)：(1～2)：(1～4)：(0～0.3)；
所述化学纤维织物为涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氯纶、氨纶及其混纺织物中的一种。
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CN105774137A (zh) * 2014-11-26 2016-07-20 金宝电子工业股份有限公司 织物结构

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CN108589270A (zh) * 2018-05-10 2018-09-28 武汉纺织大学 纤维基pedot:pss纳米花及制备方法及其应用
CN109652898A (zh) * 2019-01-16 2019-04-19 宁波石墨烯创新中心有限公司 一种新型多功能三维导电织物以及制备方法和用途
CN109774282A (zh) * 2019-03-15 2019-05-21 广州市拓新纺织科技有限公司 一种耐火抑菌型窗帘布料及其制备方法
CN110284322A (zh) * 2019-07-01 2019-09-27 深圳市尼森实业有限公司 一种柔性导电发热碳基阻燃复合织物及其制备方法
CN112127166A (zh) * 2020-08-07 2020-12-25 浙江理工大学 原位聚合低电阻稳定传导疏水织物的制备方法
CN112525392A (zh) * 2020-11-05 2021-03-19 青岛大学 一种压力感知智能织物及其制备方法和应用
CN115352142A (zh) * 2022-08-18 2022-11-18 东莞市凯信针织有限公司 一种石墨烯导电性面料及其制备工艺

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