CN107709263A - 设置有具有热性质的叠层的基板 - Google Patents
设置有具有热性质的叠层的基板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107709263A CN107709263A CN201680039871.1A CN201680039871A CN107709263A CN 107709263 A CN107709263 A CN 107709263A CN 201680039871 A CN201680039871 A CN 201680039871A CN 107709263 A CN107709263 A CN 107709263A
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- dielectric
- thickness
- coat
- dielectric coat
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
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- PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium zirconium Chemical compound [Ti].[Zr] PMTRSEDNJGMXLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004425 Makrolon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Ca] Chemical compound [Na].[Ca] VEUACKUBDLVUAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJFFNQSUUAIWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamic acid;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O.OC(=O)C=C JJFFNQSUUAIWHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KYKLWYKWCAYAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxotin;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn]=O KYKLWYKWCAYAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZARVOZCHNMQIBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) titanium(4+) zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4] ZARVOZCHNMQIBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluorochlorine Chemical compound FCl(F)F JOHWNGGYGAVMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
- B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
- B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
- B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
- B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/225—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
- C03C17/23—Oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3613—Coatings of type glass/inorganic compound/metal/inorganic compound/metal/other
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3639—Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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Abstract
本发明涉及包含涂覆有薄层叠层的透明基板的材料，所述薄层叠层从该基板开始相继包含交替的从基板开始的三个银基功能金属层和四个介电涂层，使得各功能金属层位于两个介电涂层之间。选择三个功能层的厚度和介电涂层的厚度，以赋予该材料对大约40%的透光率小于20%的太阳因子值。
Description
本发明涉及包含涂覆有薄层叠层的透明基板的材料，如窗玻璃，所述薄层叠层包含数个功能层，该功能层可以影响太阳辐射和/或红外辐射。本发明还涉及包含这些材料的窗玻璃，以及此类材料用于制造绝热和/或日光防护窗玻璃的用途。
这些窗玻璃可能意在装备建筑物和车辆，特别是用于降低空调负荷和/或防止过度加热，该窗玻璃被称为“阳光控制”窗玻璃，和/或减少耗散到外部的能量的量，该窗玻璃被称为“低辐射”窗玻璃，由建筑和车辆客舱中装有窗玻璃的表面日益增长的尺寸驱动。
取决于安装这些窗玻璃的国家的气候，透光率和太阳因子方面的所需性能可以在一定范围内变动。该透光率必须足够低以消除眩光，并且应该足够高，以使得所述窗玻璃限定的空间内部透过的光的量能够无需使用人工光。例如，在日照水平高的国家，对具有大约40%的透光率和足够低的太阳因子值的窗玻璃有着巨大的需求。
已经提出了包含涂覆有薄层叠层的透明基板的窗玻璃以改善日光防护同时保持足够的透光率，所述薄层叠层包含三个功能金属层，各自位于两个介电涂层之间。这些叠层通常通过一系列通过阴极溅射（任选磁控溅射）进行的沉积来获得。这些窗玻璃描述为选择性的，因为它们能够：
-通过具有低太阳因子（SF或g）来降低建筑物内部透过的太阳能的量，
-保证充足的光透射率，
-具有低发射率以减少长波红外辐射造成的热损失。
根据本发明：
-太阳因子“g”理解为是指通过该窗玻璃进入该空间的总能量对入射太阳能的比（以百分比形式），
-选择性“s”理解为是指透光率对太阳因子的比TL/g。
基于包含三个功能层的叠层的现有技术中最具选择性的材料能够获得高达22%的太阳因子值。但是，该值对某些国家而言仍然过高，在那里需要低于20%的太阳因子值。
目前市场上的材料不能结合低太阳因子（对于大约40%的透光率而言，特别是小于20%）、良好的选择性（> 2.0）以及在外侧上的低反射率。
本发明的目的因此是开发一种具有卓越的阳光控制性质，特别是对大约40%的透光率而言具有小于20%的太阳因子值的材料。根据本发明，因此试图使太阳因子最小化并提高选择性，同时保持适于允许良好绝热和良好视觉的透光率。
包含三个银-基功能层的叠层的复杂性使得难以在不会对该叠层的其它性质造成不利影响的情况下改善热性能和反射性质。
申请人已经令人惊讶地发现，通过优化三个功能层的厚度和介电涂层的厚度，获得了能够表现出所需性质的材料。
本发明的解决方案代表了在光学性能、热性能、透明度和美观外观之间的良好兼顾。
本发明的一个主题是包含涂覆有薄层叠层的透明基板的材料，所述薄层叠层从该基板开始相继包含交替的从基板开始被称为第一、第二和第三功能层的三个银-基功能金属层和从基板开始被称为M1、M2、M3和M4的四个介电涂层，各介电涂层包含至少一个介电层，以使得各功能金属层位于两个介电涂层之间，其特征在于：
-第一功能层的厚度小于第二功能层的厚度，
-第一功能层的厚度小于第三功能层的厚度，
-第三功能金属层的厚度对第二功能层的厚度的比为0.90至1.10，包括这些值，优选为0.95至1.05，
-介电涂层M1、M2、M3和M4各自具有满足以下关系式的光学厚度Eo1、Eo2、Eo3和Eo4：Eo4< Eo1 < Eo2 < Eo3，
-介电涂层M1的光学厚度Eo1大于80 nm，
-介电涂层M2的光学厚度Eo2大于100 nm，
-介电涂层M3的光学厚度Eo3大于120 nm，
-介电涂层M4的光学厚度Eo4大于60 nm。
本发明还涉及：
-获得本发明的材料的方法，
-包含至少一种本发明的材料的窗玻璃，
-本发明的窗玻璃作为建筑物或车辆的阳光控制窗玻璃的用途，
-包含本发明的窗玻璃的建筑物或车辆。
通过调节功能层和介电涂层的厚度，可以控制该窗玻璃的透明度以获得大约40%的透光率TL值，该范围非常特别适于意在用于强日照地区的窗玻璃。但是本发明的主要优点在于在外部反射中获得具有特定颜色的令人满意的视觉外观，并且不会出现低到足以有损日光防护性能的外部反射率值。保持优异的能量性能，而无需显著改变该叠层的其它参数，如形成它的层的性质、厚度和顺序。
在本说明书的其余部分中出现的优选特征既适用于本发明的方法，在适当的情况下还适用于产品，也就是说适用于该材料或包含该材料的窗玻璃。
说明书中给出的所有发光特性根据欧洲标准EN 410中描述的原理和方法获得，所述标准涉及建筑物玻璃中使用的窗玻璃的发光和阳光特性的测定。
通常，折射率在550 nm的波长下测得。透光率TL和光反射率RL因子在光源D65下以2°的视场测得。
除非另行说明，光学和热特征的所有值和值的范围对双层窗玻璃给出，所述双层窗玻璃由带有该薄层叠层的6毫米普通钠钙玻璃型基板、用比例为90%的氩气和比例为10%的空气填充的16毫米夹层空间和未涂覆并具有4毫米厚度的另一钠钙玻璃型基板组成。放置涂覆的基板以使得该薄层叠层在该窗玻璃的面2上。外部反射率Rext.是从包含该叠层的基板一侧观察到的，同时从未包含该叠层的基板一侧观察到的反射被称为内部反射。不具有叠层的普通钠钙玻璃型基板的透光率（TL）大于89%，优选90%。
除非另行提及，本文中所述的厚度在没有其它规范的情况下是物理厚度、真实厚度或几何厚度，称为Ep，其以纳米表示（不是光学厚度）。光学厚度Eo定义为相关层的物理厚度乘以其在550 nm的波长处的折射率：Eo = n*Ep。因为折射率是无量纲值，光学厚度的单位可以认为是对物理厚度所选择的单位。
如果介电涂层由多个介电层组成，该介电涂层的光学厚度对应于构成该介电涂层的不同介电层的光学厚度之和。
在说明书通篇中，本发明的基板被认为是水平放置的。该薄层叠层沉积在基板顶部。表述“在……之上”和“在……之下”和“下方”和“上方”的含义应相对于该取向来考虑。除非特别规定，表述“在……之上”和“在……之下”不一定意味着两个层和/或涂层彼此接触定位。当规定一个层沉积与另一层或涂层“接触”时，这意味着在这两个层（或层与涂层）之间不能插入一个（或多个）层。
在本发明的含义内，用于该功能层或介电涂层的标签“第一”、“第二”、“第三”和“第四”是从承载该叠层的基板开始定义的，并参照具有相同功能的层或涂层。例如，最接近该基板的功能层是第一功能层，远离该基板的下一个功能层是第二功能层，等等。
优选地，该叠层通过磁控阴极溅射来沉积。根据这种有利的实施方案，该叠层的所有层通过磁控组合阴极溅射来沉积。
本发明还涉及获得本发明的材料的方法，其中该叠层的层通过磁控阴极溅射来沉积。
该银-基功能金属层包含该功能层重量的至少95.0重量%，优选至少96.5重量%和更好至少98.0重量%的银。优选地，该银-基功能金属层包含该银-基功能层重量的小于1.0重量%的非银金属。
根据本发明的有利实施方案，该功能金属层满足以下条件的一个或多个：
-三个功能金属层对应于从基板开始限定的第一、第二和第三功能金属层，
-第三功能金属层的厚度对第二功能层的厚度的比为0.90至1.10，包括这些值，优选为0.95至1.05，和/或
-第一功能金属层的厚度按照越来越优选的次序为6至12 nm、7至11 nm、8至10 nm，和/或
-第二功能层的厚度大于15 nm，和/或
-第二功能金属层的厚度按照越来越优选的次序为15至20 nm、16至18nm，和/或
-第三功能金属层的厚度按照越来越优选的次序为15至20 nm、16至18nm。
该功能金属层的这些厚度范围是对于在双层窗玻璃中大约40%的透光率和低反射率与太阳因子获得最佳结果的范围。由此，获得高选择性，以及从外部在反射中的中性色彩。
该叠层还可以包含与功能层接触定位的至少一个阻挡层。
阻挡层的作用通常是保护功能层免受上部介电涂层沉积过程中以及退火、弯曲和/或回火类型的任选高温热处理过程中可能的劣化。
该阻挡层选自一种或多种选自钛、镍、铬和铌的元素的基于金属或金属合金的金属层、金属氮化物层、金属氧化物层和金属氧氮化物层，如Ti、TiN、TiOx、Nb、NbN、Ni、NiN、Cr、CrN、NiCr或NiCrN。当这些阻挡层以金属、氮化物或氧氮化物形式沉积时，这些层可以根据它们的厚度和围绕它们的层的性质经受部分或完全氧化，例如，在沉积下一层时或通过接触下方层氧化。
根据本发明的有利实施方案，该阻挡层满足以下条件的一个或多个：
-各功能金属层与选自下阻挡层和上阻挡层的至少一个阻挡层接触，和/或
-各功能金属层与下阻挡层和上阻挡层接触，和/或
-各阻挡层的厚度为至少0.1 nm，优选0.5至2.0 nm，和/或
-与功能层接触的所有阻挡层的总厚度为3至8 nm，包括这些值，优选4至7 nm，或甚至5至6 nm。
根据本发明的有利实施方案，该介电涂层在厚度方面满足以下条件的一个或多个：
-该第一介电涂层M1的光学厚度按照越来越优选的次序为80至140 nm、90至130 nm、95至125 nm，和/或
-该第一介电涂层M1的物理厚度按照越来越优选的次序为30至80 nm、40至70 nm、45至65 nm，和/或
-该第二介电涂层M2的光学厚度按照越来越优选的次序为100至170 nm、130至160 nm、140至150 nm，和/或
-该第二介电涂层M2的物理厚度按照越来越优选的次序为40至100 nm、50至80 nm、65至75 nm，和/或
-该第三介电涂层M3的光学厚度按照越来越优选的次序为120至240 nm、140至220 nm、155至210 nm、180至200 nm，和/或
-该第三介电涂层M3的物理厚度按照越来越优选的次序为60至120 nm、80至110 nm、90至100 nm，和/或
-该第四介电涂层M4的光学厚度按照越来越优选的次序为60至120 nm、70至110 nm、80至100 nm，和/或
-该第四介电涂层M4的物理厚度按照越来越优选的次序为20至60 nm、30至55 nm、40至50 nm。
根据本发明的有利实施方案，该介电涂层满足以下条件的一个或多个：
-该介电涂层包含至少一个基于选自硅、钛、锆、铝、锡、锌的一种或多种元素的氧化物或氮化物的介电层，和/或
-至少一个介电涂层包含至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层，和/或
-各介电涂层包含至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层，和/或
-具有阻挡功能的介电层基于硅和/或铝化合物，所述化合物选自氧化物如SiO2和Al2O3、氮化硅Si3N4和AlN以及氧氮化物SiOxNy和AlOxNy，和/或
-具有阻挡功能的介电层基于硅和/或铝化合物，任选包含至少一种其它元素，如铝、铪和锆，和/或
-至少一个介电涂层包含至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层，和/或
-各介电涂层包含至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层，和/或
-具有稳定功能的介电层优选基于氧化物，所述氧化物选自氧化锌、氧化锡、氧化锆或其至少两种的混合物，
-具有稳定功能的介电层优选基于结晶氧化物，特别是基于氧化锌，任选掺杂有至少一种其它元素（如铝），和/或
-各功能层在介电涂层上方，其上层是具有稳定功能的介电层，优选基于氧化锌，和/或在介电涂层下方，其下层是具有稳定功能的介电层，优选基于氧化锌，
-位于功能金属层下方的至少一种介电涂层包含至少一个具有平滑功能的介电层，和/或
-位于功能金属层下方的各介电涂层包含至少一个具有平滑功能的介电层，和/或
-具有平滑功能的介电层优选基于选自Sn、Zn、In、Ga的至少两种金属的混合氧化物，和/或
-具有平滑功能的介电层优选是任选掺杂的锌锡混合氧化物层。
优选地，各介电涂层仅由一个或多个介电层组成。优选地，由此在介电涂层中不存在吸收层，以便不降低透光率。
本发明的叠层可以包含具有阻挡功能的介电层、术语“具有阻挡功能的介电层”理解为是指由能够形成对氧气和水分（源于环境气氛或源于该透明基板）在高温下向功能层扩散的屏障的材料制成的层。具有阻挡功能的介电层的组成材料由此不必在高温下经受化学或结构改性，这会导致其光学性质的改变。一个或多个具有阻挡功能的层优选还选择能够形成对功能层的组成材料的屏障的材料。具有阻挡功能的介电层由此允许该叠层经受退火、回火或弯曲类型的热处理，而不发生显著的光学变化。
本发明的叠层可以包含具有稳定功能的介电层。在本发明的含义中，“稳定”是指选择该层的性质以稳定功能层与该层之间的界面。这种稳定可以提高功能层对围绕其的层的粘附性并由此阻止其组成材料的迁移。
一个或多个具有稳定功能的介电层可以与功能层直接接触或被阻挡层隔开。
优选地，位于功能层下方的各介电涂层的最终介电层是具有稳定功能的介电层。这是因为有利的是在功能层下方存在具有稳定功能的层（例如基于氧化锌），因为其促进了银-基功能层的粘附和结晶，并提高了其品质及其在高温下的稳定性。
同样有利的是在功能层上方存在具有稳定功能的层（例如基于氧化锌）以提高其粘附性并最佳地阻止来自该叠层与基板相对的一侧的扩散。
一个或多个具有稳定功能的介电层由此可以在至少一个功能层或各功能层的上方和/或下方，与之直接接触或被阻挡层隔开。
有利地，具有阻挡功能的各介电层通过至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层与功能层分隔开。
具有稳定功能的介电层具有至少4 nm的厚度，特别是4至10 nm的厚度和更好8至10 nm的厚度。
该薄层叠层可以任选包含平滑层。术语“平滑层”理解为是指具有促进稳定层在优选晶面取向上生长的作用的层，其经由外延生长现象促进银层的结晶。该平滑层位于稳定层下方，并优选与之接触。
基于混合氧化物的平滑层可以描述为“非结晶的”，含义是它可以是完全非晶或或部分非晶的，并由此可以是部分结晶的，但是它在其整个厚度上不能是完全结晶的。由于其基于混合混合氧化物（混合氧化物是至少两种元素的氧化物），因此其不能具有金属性质。
该薄层叠层可以任选包含保护层。该保护层优选是该叠层的最后一层，也就是说距离涂覆有该叠层的基板最远的层。这些上保护层被认为包括在第四介电涂层中。这些层通常具有2至10 nm，优选2至5 nm的厚度。该保护层可以选自钛、锆、铪、锌和/或锡的层，这种或这些金属可以是金属、氧化物或氮化物形式。
该保护层例如可以选自氧化钛层、锌锡氧化物层或钛锆氧化物层。
一个特别有利的实施方案涉及涂覆有叠层的基板，从透明基板开始定义，包括：
-第一介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第一功能层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第二介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有稳定功能的下介电层和、至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和至少一个具有稳定功能的上介电层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第二功能层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第三介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有稳定功能的下介电层和、至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和至少一个具有稳定功能的上介电层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第三功能层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第四介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层、至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和任选的至少一个保护层。
本发明的透明基板优选由无机刚性材料如玻璃，或基于聚合物的有机材料制成（或由聚合物制成）。
本发明的有机透明基板还可以由刚性或柔性聚合物制成。根据本发明合适的聚合物的实例特别包括：
-聚乙烯，
-聚酯，如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯（PBT）、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯（PEN）；
-聚丙烯酸酯，如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）；
-聚碳酸酯；
-聚氨酯；
-聚酰胺；
-聚酰亚胺；
-含氟聚合物，例如氟代酯，如乙烯-四氟乙烯（ETFE）、聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）、聚三氟氯乙烯（PCTFE）、乙烯-三氟氯乙烯（ECTFE）、氟化乙烯-丙烯（FEP）共聚物；
-可光交联和/或可光聚合的树脂，如硫醇烯（thiolene）、聚氨酯、氨基甲酸酯-丙烯酸酯和聚酯-丙烯酸酯树脂；和
-聚硫氨酯。
该基板优选是玻璃或玻璃-陶瓷的片材。
该基板优选是透明、无色（其可以是透明玻璃或超透玻璃）或有色的，例如蓝色、灰色或青铜色。该玻璃优选是钠钙硅类型，但是也可以由硼硅酸盐或硼铝硅酸盐类型的玻璃制成。
该基板有利地具有大于或等于 1 m，或甚至2 m 和甚至3 m的至少一个尺寸。该基板的厚度通常在0.5 mm至19 mm之间变化，优选0.7至9 mm，特别是2至8 mm，或甚至4至6mm。该基板可以是平面的或弯曲的，或甚至是柔性的。
该材料，也就是涂覆有该叠层的基板，可以经受高温热处理，如退火（例如快速退火，如激光退火或火焰退火）、回火和/或弯曲。该热处理的温度高于400℃，优选高于450℃，更好高于500℃。涂覆有该叠层的基板因此可以是曲面和/或回火的。
本发明还涉及包含本发明的材料的窗玻璃。传统上，窗玻璃的面是从建筑物外部开始并从其装备的舱体或空间的外部向内部对该基板的面进行编号来描述。这意味着入射的太阳光以它们的编号的升序穿过这些面。
该叠层优选位于窗玻璃中，以使得来自外部的入射光在穿过第一功能金属层之前先穿过第一介电涂层。该叠层并非沉积在限定该窗玻璃的外壁的基板表面上，而是沉积在该基板的内表面上。该叠层因此有利地定位在面2上，如常规那样，该窗玻璃的面1是该窗玻璃的最外表面。
该材料意在用于需要涂覆有该叠层的基板经受高温下的热处理（如回火、退火或弯曲）的应用。
本发明的窗玻璃可以是单片、层压或多层窗玻璃形式，特别是双层窗玻璃或三层窗玻璃。
在单片或多层窗玻璃的情况下，该叠层优选沉积在面2上，也就是说其在限定该窗玻璃的外部壁的基板上，并且更具体而言在该基板的内表面上。
单片窗玻璃包含2个面：面1在建筑物外部，因此构成该窗玻璃的外部壁，面2在建筑物内部，因此构成该窗玻璃的内部壁。
多层窗玻璃包含保持一定距离以限定由隔绝气体填充的空腔的至少两块基板。当它们在具有增强的热绝缘（ETI）的双层窗玻璃中使用时，本发明的材料是非常特别合适的。
双层窗玻璃包含4个面；面1在建筑物外部，因此构成该窗玻璃的外部壁，面4在建筑物内部，因此构成该窗玻璃的内部壁，面2和3在该双层窗玻璃的内部。
以相同的方式，三层窗玻璃包含6个面；面1在建筑物外部（窗玻璃的外部壁），面6在建筑物内部（窗玻璃的内部壁），面2至5在该三层窗玻璃的内部。
层压窗玻璃包含至少一种第一基板/片材/第二基板类型的结构。该薄层叠层位于基板之一的至少一个面上。该叠层可以在第二基板的面上，不与优选为聚合物的片材接触。当层压窗玻璃与第三基板一起组装成双层窗玻璃时，该实施方案是有利的。
本发明的窗玻璃（用作单片窗玻璃或用在双层窗玻璃类型的多层窗玻璃中）在外部反射中，在蓝色或蓝绿色范围内（主要波长值为大约470至500纳米）具有中性、令人愉悦和柔和的颜色。此外，无论观察该窗玻璃的入射角如何（法向入射和在一定角度下），该视觉外观实际上保持不变。这意味着不会给观察者留下颜色或外观明显缺乏统一性的印象。
术语“蓝绿范围内的颜色”应理解为是指在本发明的含义内，在L*a*b*颜色测量体系中，a*为-10.0至0.0，优选-5.0至0.0，b*为-10.0至0.0，优选-5.0至0.0。
本发明的窗玻璃在L*a*b*颜色测量体系中在透射中具有以下颜色：
- a*为-6.0至0.0，优选-5.0至-1.0，
- b*为-6.0至3.0，优选-5.0至0.0。
本发明的窗玻璃在L*a*b*颜色测量体系中在外部一侧上在反射中具有以下颜色：
- a*为-5.0至0.0，优选-4.0至-1.0，和/或
- b*为-10.0至0.0，优选-9.0至-5.0。
根据有利的实施方案，本发明的窗玻璃为双层窗玻璃形式，包含位于面2上的叠层，使得特别能够实现以下性能：
-太阳因子小于或等于20%，或甚至小于或等于19%，和/或
-透光率小于50%，优选30%至50%，或甚至35%至45%，和/或
-高选择性，按照越来越优选的次序为至少1.8、至少1.9、至少2.0、至少2.1和/或
-低辐射率，特别是小于1%，和/或
-在外侧上的光反射率小于或等于25%，优选小于或等于22.5%，或甚至小于或等于20%，和/或
-在外部反射中的中性色彩。
本发明的有利细节和特征将从以下非限制性实施例中显现，借助附图进行说明。
为了使附图易于阅读，各组件之间不按比例。
图1显示了具有三个功能金属层40、80、120的叠层的结构，该结构沉积在透明玻璃基板10上。各功能层40、80、120位于两个介电涂层20、60、100、140之间，使得：
-第一功能层40，从该基板开始，位于介电涂层20、60之间，
-第二功能层80位于介电涂层60、100之间，并且
-第三功能层120位于介电涂层100、140之间。
这些介电涂层20、60、100、140各自包含至少一个介电层 24、28；62、64、68；102、104、106、108；142、144。
该叠层还可以包含：
-下阻挡层30、70和110（未显示），与功能层接触定位，
-上阻挡层50、90和130，与功能层接触定位，
-保护层160（未显示）。
实施例
I. 制备基板：叠层、沉积条件和热处理
下面限定的薄层叠层沉积在厚度为6毫米的透明钠钙玻璃制成的基板上。
在本发明的实例中：
-该功能层是银（Ag）层，
-该阻挡层是镍-铬合金制成的金属层（NiCr），
-该阻挡层基于氮化硅，掺杂有铝（Si3N4:Al），
-该稳定层由氧化锌制成（ZnO），
-该平滑层基于锌锡混合氧化物（SnZnOx），
-该保护层由钛锆氧化物制成（TiZrOx）。
沉积层的条件总结在表1中，所述层通过溅射（磁控溅射）来沉积。
| 表1 | 所用靶 | 沉积压力 | 气体 | n 550 nm |
| Si3N4 | Si:Al，92:8重量% | 3.2×10-3 mbar | Ar /(Ar + N2) 55% | 2.03 |
| ZnO | Zn:Al，98:2重量% | 1.8×10-3 mbar | Ar /(Ar + O2) 63% | 1.95 |
| SnZnOx | Sn:Zn (60:40重量%) | 1.5×10-3 mbar | Ar 39% - O2 61% | 2.09 |
| TiZrO | TiZrOx | 2-4×10-3 mbar | Ar 90% - O2 10% | 2.32 |
| NiCr | Ni(80原子%):Cr(20原子%) | 2-3×10-3 mbar | Ar，100% | - |
| Ag | Ag | 3×10-3 mbar | Ar，100% | - |
at. = 原子。
随着它们相对于承载该叠层的基板（表底部的最后一行）的位置，表2列举了构成该叠层的各个层或涂层的材料和以纳米为单位的物理厚度（除非另行说明）。“标记”数字对应于图1的附图标记。
在功能层40、80、120下方的各介电涂层20、60、100包含基于结晶氧化锌的最终稳定层28、68、108，并且其与紧随其上沉积的功能层 40、80、120接触。
在功能层40、80、120上方的各介电涂层60、100、140包含基于结晶氧化锌的第一稳定层62、102、142，并且其与紧随其上沉积的功能层 40、80、120接触。
各介电涂层20、60、100、140包含具有阻挡功能的介电层24、64、104、144，基于氮化硅，掺杂有铝，在本文中称为Si3N4。
该介电涂层100还包含基于锌锡混合氧化物的平滑层106。
各功能金属层40、80、120在阻挡层30、70和110（未显示在图1中）上方，并在阻挡层50、90和130下方并与之接触。
该叠层还包含钛锆氧化物制成的保护层160（未显示在图1中）。
下表3总结了与功能层和介电涂层的厚度相关的特性。
RD：介电涂层；CB：阻挡层；Ep：物理厚度；Eo：光学厚度。
II. “阳光控制”和比色性能
表4列举了该窗玻璃是具有6/16/4结构的双层窗玻璃的一部分时测得的主要光学特性：6毫米玻璃/16毫米填充有90%氩气和10%空气的夹层空间/4毫米玻璃，该叠层位于面2上（按照惯例，该窗玻璃的面1是该窗玻璃的最外侧的面）。
对于这些双层窗玻璃：
-TL表示：可见光区域内的透光率，以%为单位，根据光源D65在2°观察者处测得；
-a*T和b*T表示根据光源D65在2°观察者处测得和垂直于该窗玻璃测得的在L*a*b*体系中在透射中的a*和b*颜色；
-RLext表示：在可见光区域内的光反射率，以%为单位，根据光源D65在2°观察者处在最外面（面1）一侧上测得；
-a*Rext和b*Rext表示根据光源D65在2°观察者处在最外面一侧上测得和由此垂直于该窗玻璃测得的在L*a*b*体系中在反射中的a*和b*颜色；
-RLint表示：在可见光区域内的光反射率，以%为单位，根据光源D65在2°观察者处在内部面（面4）一侧上测得；
-a*Rint 和 b*Rint表示根据光源D65在2°观察者处在内部面一侧上测得和由此垂直于该窗玻璃测得的在L*a*b*体系中在反射中的a*和b*颜色。
在60°的入射角下在单层窗玻璃上测量在角度a*g60°和b*g60°处的比色值。这考虑了在一定角度处颜色的中性。
| 表4 | 目标值 | 发明1 | 发明2 | 发明3 | 发明4 | 对比1 | 对比2 |
| “g” % | ≤ 20% | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 22 | 28 |
| “s” | > 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.1 |
| TL % | ≈ 40% | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| - a*T | <0 | -4.5 | -5.0 | -4.7 | -5.7 | -7.0 | -6.9 |
| - b*T | - | -0.1 | 0.0 | -1.4 | 2.0 | .05 | 3.0 |
| RLext % | < 20% | 18 | 18 | 14 | 12 | 17 | 15 |
| - a*Rext | <0 | -2.4 | -2.7 | -2.2 | -2.8 | -6.5 | -3.1 |
| - b*Rext | <0 | -6.6 | -7.0 | -7.0 | -9.0 | -8.5 | -8.9 |
| RLint % | - | 22 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 19 |
| - a*Rint | <0 | -11.0 | -13.0 | -13.0 | -13.2 | -8.0 | -3.8 |
| - b*Rint | <0 | -10.8 | -13.1 | -13.0 | -13.5 | -8.0 | -3.0 |
| - a*g60° | - | -6.5 | -4.7 | -4.0 | -1.2 | -4.2 | -4.2 |
| - b*g60° | - | -1.1 | -1.9 | -1.2 | -2.4 | -1.2 | -1.2 |
本发明的实施例均在透射中，优选在蓝色或蓝绿色范围内具有令人愉悦和柔和的颜色。
本发明的窗玻璃具有小于或等于20%的太阳因子和大于2.0的选择性。这些窗玻璃还具有至少小于20%的外部反射率。
提出的解决方案因此能够在保持大于2.0的选择性和良好的外观的同时具有小于20%的太阳因子。
本发明的实施例3和4是特别有利的，因为它们除了低太阳因子和高选择性之外还具有在外部一侧上的极低的光反射率值，特别地小于15%。
Claims (15)
1.包含涂覆有薄层叠层的透明基板的材料，所述薄层叠层从该基板开始相继包含交替的从基板开始被称为第一、第二和第三功能层的三个银-基功能金属层和从基板开始被称为M1、M2、M3和M4的四个介电涂层，各介电涂层包含至少一个介电层，以使得各功能金属层位于两个介电涂层之间，其特征在于：
-第一功能层的厚度小于第二功能层的厚度，
-第一功能层的厚度小于第三功能层的厚度，
-第三功能金属层的厚度对第二功能层的厚度的比为0.90至1.10，包括这些值，
-介电涂层M1、M2、M3和M4各自具有满足以下关系式的光学厚度Eo1、Eo2、Eo3和Eo4：Eo4< Eo1 < Eo2 < Eo3，
-介电涂层M1的光学厚度Eo1大于80 nm，
-介电涂层M2的光学厚度Eo2大于100 nm，
-介电涂层M3的光学厚度Eo3大于120 nm，
-介电涂层M4的光学厚度Eo4大于60 nm。
2.如权利要求1中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于第二功能层的厚度大于15 nm。
3.如前述权利要求之一中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于所述三个功能金属层满足以下特征：
-第一功能金属层的厚度为6至12 nm，
-第二功能金属层的厚度为15至20 nm，
-第三功能金属层的厚度为15至20 nm。
4.如前述权利要求任一项中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于该叠层还包含与功能金属层接触定位的至少一个阻挡层，所述阻挡层选自一种或多种选自钛、镍、铬和铌的元素的基于金属或金属合金的金属层、金属氮化物层、金属氧化物层和金属氧氮化物层，如Ti、TiN、TiOx、Nb、NbN、Ni、NiN、Cr、CrN、NiCr或NiCrN层。
5.如前述权利要求中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于与所述功能层接触的所有阻挡层的总厚度为4至7 nm，包括这些值。
6.如前述权利要求之一中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于所述介电涂层满足以下特征：
-该第一介电涂层M1的光学厚度为80至140 nm，
-该第二介电涂层M2的光学厚度为100至170 nm，
-该第三介电涂层M3的光学厚度为120至240 nm，
-该第四介电涂层M4的光学厚度为60至120 nm。
7.如前述权利要求任一项中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于各介电涂层包含至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层，所述介电层基于硅和/或铝化合物，所述化合物选自氧化物如SiO2和Al2O3、氮化硅Si3N4和AlN以及氧氮化物SiOxNy和AlOxNy。
8.如前述权利要求任一项中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于各介电涂层包含至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层，所述介电层基于结晶氧化物，特别是基于氧化锌，任选掺杂有至少一种其它元素，如铝。
9.如前述权利要求任一项中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于各功能层在介电涂层上方，其中上层是具有稳定功能的介电层，优选基于氧化锌，和/或在介电涂层下方，其中下层是具有稳定功能的介电层，优选基于氧化锌。
10.如前述权利要求任一项中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于其包含叠层，所述叠层从透明基板开始定义，包括：
-第一介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第一功能层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第二介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有稳定功能的下介电层和、至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和至少一个具有稳定功能的上介电层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第二功能层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第三介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有稳定功能的下介电层和、至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和至少一个具有稳定功能的上介电层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第三功能层，
-任选的阻挡层，
-第四介电涂层，其包含至少一个具有稳定功能的介电层、至少一个具有阻挡功能的介电层和任选的至少一个保护层。
11.如前述权利要求任一项中所要求保护的材料，其特征在于其具有小于50%的透光率和/或小于20%的在外侧上的光反射率。
12.获得如前述权利要求之一中所要求保护的材料的方法，其中所述叠层的层通过磁控阴极溅射来沉积。
13.包含至少一种如权利要求1至12任一项中所要求保护的材料的窗玻璃。
14.如前述权利要求中所要求保护的窗玻璃，其特征在于该叠层位于窗玻璃中，以使得来自外部的入射光在穿过第一功能金属层之前先穿过第一介电涂层。
15.如权利要求13或14之一中所要求保护的窗玻璃，其特征在于其为单片、层压或多层窗玻璃形式，特别是双层窗玻璃或三层窗玻璃。
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- 2016-06-30 KR KR1020187000105A patent/KR102568551B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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| WO2013104438A1 (de) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-18 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Transparente scheibe mit elektrisch leitfähiger beschichtung |
| CN104619669A (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2015-05-13 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 设有具备热性质的叠堆的基底 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10843962B2 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
| PL3319919T3 (pl) | 2021-09-27 |
| HUE055180T2 (hu) | 2021-11-29 |
| BR112017027153A2 (zh) | 2018-08-21 |
| ES2884111T3 (es) | 2021-12-10 |
| BR112017027153B1 (pt) | 2022-10-18 |
| MX2017016710A (es) | 2018-03-09 |
| EP3319919B1 (fr) | 2021-06-16 |
| FR3038596B1 (fr) | 2021-12-10 |
| RU2018103405A3 (zh) | 2019-10-22 |
| JP2018519238A (ja) | 2018-07-19 |
| JP6951317B2 (ja) | 2021-10-20 |
| KR20180028436A (ko) | 2018-03-16 |
| FR3038596A1 (fr) | 2017-01-13 |
| RU2720336C2 (ru) | 2020-04-29 |
| CN107709263B (zh) | 2022-02-22 |
| PT3319919T (pt) | 2021-09-02 |
| CO2017012948A2 (es) | 2018-03-09 |
| KR102568551B1 (ko) | 2023-08-21 |
| US20180194676A1 (en) | 2018-07-12 |
| RU2018103405A (ru) | 2019-08-08 |
| WO2017006027A1 (fr) | 2017-01-12 |
| EP3319919A1 (fr) | 2018-05-16 |
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