CN107706538A - A kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107706538A
CN107706538A CN201610642521.6A CN201610642521A CN107706538A CN 107706538 A CN107706538 A CN 107706538A CN 201610642521 A CN201610642521 A CN 201610642521A CN 107706538 A CN107706538 A CN 107706538A
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square
fss
patch
wave
band
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CN107706538B (en
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阳开华
张春波
杨帆
樊君
杨洁颖
赵英民
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Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
    • H01Q17/008Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape

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Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method, and the patch-type FSS cellular constructions being molded using carbon film spraying coating process on dielectric-slab, described FSS cellular constructions are the square of fractal structure, using square grid periodic arrangement;The square of described fractal structure includes the well word structure paster at center and the big square patch positioned at square corner, the end expansion squarely prong like of four arms of described well word structure paster, small square patch is arranged in square prong like internal symmetry.The special FSS structures of the present invention, its sheet resistance characteristic having breaches characteristic of the legacy frequencies selection surface stopband for total reflection, introduce the dissipative network of electric capacity, inductance, resistance and transmission line composition, stopband frequency range can effectively be reduced, the application for solving existing frequency-selective surfaces is limited to the technical barrier of construction profile.

Description

A kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method, belong to Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology Field.
Background technology
While development with modern military technology high-speed, the aircraft wave transparent/stealth technology arisen at the historic moment is also into various countries The focus and emphasis of research.Frequency-selective surfaces (FSS) are a kind of spatial electromagnetic filter structures, can special frequency channel make electromagnetism without Loss or low-loss are by and being filtered the electromagnetic wave outside the frequency range.FSS technologies are constantly subjected to height after being suggested from its concept Degree is paid attention to, and such as the technology is applied on aircraft radars cover, can realize our radar normal work, enemy radar is worked The reflection of electromagnetic wave of frequency range is to other directions, reduction RCS, thus FSS is to realize aircraft wave transparent/stealth technology Important measures.
FSS structural unit types can be divided into two classes:Fluting type, patch type.Two types are complementary, but both tools There is opposite frequency response characteristic.From the perspective of equivalent circuit method, shaped grooved FSS is LC parallel circuit, be can be used for Band logical designs;And patch type is then opposite.
In terms of FSS construction units, common structure type can be divided into 4 kinds.1st kind:Center connecting-type, it is such as simplest Straight line units, three pole subelements, anchor unit, Jerusalem cross-shaped element, square spiral unit;2nd kind:Annular element, Such as three legs and four leg loading units, and annulus, Fang Huan and hexagonal rings;3rd kind:Solid unit or variously-shaped board-like list Member;4th kind:Assembled unit.
Traditional sucrose radome can realize high wave transparent requirement of the ship mast antenna in low-frequency range, but in X-band not There is stealth effect.In wave transparent/Stealthy reflector Antenna cover electrical property design, using reflection-type frequency-selective surfaces (FSS) technology, The one kind of the cellular construction of generally use for more than in four kinds of forms, is processed, this FSS technologies are applicable using metal patch In the antenna house of Stealth shape, its principle is that reflection of electromagnetic wave is reduced into the RCS of antenna house to other orientation, for non-low The avette antenna house of the antenna house of RCS profiles, such as tangent, elliptical antenna cover and hemispherical antenna house type, the technology is not It is applicable, it is difficult to reduce the RCS of antenna house.Therefore, in the radome electrical property of non-low RCS profiles can design, it need to use to have and inhale The dissipative type FSS structures of ripple effect, such a structure are abandoned the form processing of metal patch, are processed into using the carbon film with sheet resistance Construction unit, generally use square patch or strip patch form in structure type, surface capacitive reactances is formed, inhaled so as to reach Ripple effect.But existing carbon film is processed into construction unit, can not meet to inhale ripple by force in high wave transmission rate and X-band in HF/VHF wave bands The requirement of performance.Therefore, need badly it is a kind of can meet in HF/VHF wave bands wave transmission rate more than 90%, X-band internal reflection rate less than- 20dB dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome prior art insufficient, there is provided one kind high wave transmission rate (wave transparent in HF/VHF wave bands 90%) rate is more than, the dissipative type of wave transparent/stealthy function integration of strong absorbing property (reflectivity is less than -20dB) in X-band Wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures and preparation method.
The technical solution of the present invention:A kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures, are being situated between using carbon film spraying coating process The patch-type FSS cellular constructions being molded on scutum, described FSS cellular constructions are the square of fractal structure, using square Grid cycle arranges;
The square of described fractal structure includes the well word structure paster at center and the big pros positioned at square corner Shape paster, the end expansion squarely prong like of four arms of described well word structure paster, in square prong like Portion is arranged symmetrically small square patch, and the height H of square prong like is consistent with big square patch length of side a, small square patch The outer side edges of piece overlap with the square side of fractal structure, gap, big square patch between well word structure paster arm The gap between gap b and small square patch and square prong like between square prong like is wide.
Described big square patch length of side a=4b~6b, described small square patch length of side c=2b~3b, it is described Well word structure paster four wide d=0.8b~1.2b of arm.
Described FSS cellular construction length of sides L=10b~20b.
Described gap b span is 0.1mm~0.5mm.
The carbon film thickness of described FSS cellular constructions is 0.01mm~0.02mm.
Gap b between gap and big square patch and square prong like between described square grid etc. It is wide.
The FSS structures of the present invention, square patch is used in well word structural perimeter, plays the work for effectively suppressing parasite current With, while there is preferable angle stability and polarizer stability, well word structure end expansion squarely prong like, and in side Shape prong like intermediate arrangement square patch adjusts paster as impedance, plays regulation hindrance function.Whole paster uses carbon film Spraying coating process is molded, and has certain sheet resistance.The structure of paster of the present invention and special structure proportion relation and antenna house Cover material matches, and inhales the effect of ripple by force in the high wave transparent of Antenna Operation frequency range, stealthy frequency range so as to realize.
A kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structure preparation methods, are realized by following steps:
The first step, conductive carbon black is evenly applied on processing release paper with doctor knife coater, carbon film plate is made;
Realize control to carbon film sheet resistance by controlling coating layer thickness, carbon film thickness be generally 0.01mm~ 0.02mm.Specific carbon film spraying coating process is known in the art technology, does not just repeat one by one herein.
Second step, the carbon film plate prepared is cut into shape needed for FSS cellular constructions, FSS cellular constructions are arranged in In medium substrate, described FSS cellular constructions are the square of fractal structure, including the well word structure paster at center and positioned at just The big square patch of square corner, the end expansion squarely prong like of four arms of described well word structure paster, Small square patch, the height H of square prong like and big square patch length of side a are arranged in square prong like internal symmetry Unanimously, the outer side edges of small square patch overlap with the square side of fractal structure, the seam between well word structure paster arm The seam between gap b and small square patch and square prong like between gap, big square patch and square prong like Gap is wide.
Carbon film plate is cut out to be cut out using laser cutting machine.
The beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art:
(1) the special FSS structures of the present invention, its sheet resistance characteristic having breach legacy frequencies selection surface stopband For the characteristic of total reflection, the dissipative network of electric capacity, inductance, resistance and transmission line composition is introduced, stopband frequency range can be carried out effective Decrement, the application for solving existing frequency-selective surfaces are limited to the technical barrier of construction profile;
(2) present invention uses square patch in well word structural perimeter, can effectively suppress parasite current, plays choking effect, well The paster of font distribution has preferable angle stability and polarizer stability, can meet that in the range of wide angular domain (0~60 ° enters In elevation range) there are high wave transmission rate and strong wave-sucking performance, well word structure end expansion squarely prong like, in square forked knot Structure intermediate arrangement square patch adjusts paster as impedance, regulation hindrance function is played, so as to meet antenna house in Practical Project Upper application;
(3) proportionate relationship between special construction of the present invention and structure, which coordinates, realizes the high wave transmission rate in HF/VHF wave bands (wave transmission rate is more than 95%), the characteristic of strong absorbing property (reflectivity is less than -20dB), solves non-low RCS profiles in X-band The stealthy problem of antenna house low frequency wave transparent, high frequency;
(4) present invention can apply to the design of many kinds of radar cover structures such as individual layer, A interlayers, B interlayers, C interlayers, to meet not Same design requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is FSS construction units schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that, wherein 4 be antenna house cover body, 5 be dissipative type FSS using the stealth radar cover structure schematic diagram of the present invention Substrate, 6 be dissipative type FSS films, and 7 be dissipative type FSS substrates;
Fig. 3 is FSS units arrangement mode of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the X-band microwave absorbing property of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the HF/VHF pass-band performances of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to instantiation and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
By taking certain ship mast antenna house wave transparent/stealth technology index as an example, technical indicator is:Working frequency range:HF/VHF, work Make bandwidth:500MHz;Wave transmission rate:>=90% (in bandwidth of operation), stealthy frequency range:X-band, reflectivity:≥-20dB.Due to day Irdome profile is non-low RCS profiles (oval outer shape), thus from dissipative type FSS radomes research and development proposal as shown in Fig. 2 by Antenna house cover body 4, dissipative type FSS substrates 5, dissipative type FSS films 6, dissipative type FSS substrates 7.
The FSS cellular constructions of FSS films 6 are the square of fractal structure as shown in Figure 1,3, include the well word structure at center Paster 1 and the big square patch 2 positioned at square corner, the end expansion squarely of four arms of well word structure paster 1 Prong like 11, small square patch 3 is arranged in square prong like internal symmetry, the height H of square prong like 11 with it is big The length of side a of square patch 2 is consistent, and the outer side edges of small square patch 3 overlap with the square side of fractal structure, well word structure Gap b between gap, big square patch 2 and square prong like 11 and small square patch 3 between the arm of paster 1 with Gap between square prong like 11 is wide.
FSS cellular construction preferred proportions are as follows:Length of side a=4b~6b of big square patch 2, the small side of square patch 3 Long c=2b~3b, four wide d=0.8b~1.2b of arm of well word structure paster 1;FSS cellular construction length of sides L=10b~ The carbon film thickness of 20b, FSS cellular construction is 0.01mm~0.02mm.
Optimization design:
Establish dissipative type FSS structural models in professional electromagnetic simulation software, including radome cover body, FSS cellular constructions, Substrate.The electrical parameter (such as dielectric constant, loss tangent) of each layer medium is accurately inputted in the model of foundation.Antenna house material Expect be:Cover material is Quartz ceramic material;Base material is quartz fibre/cyanate composite material.
It can be obtained by optimizing analysis, FSS cellular constructions thickness is 0.018mm, cover body thickness 3.0mm, substrate thickness 0.5mm.B=0.2mm, a=1.05mm, c=0.35mm, d=0.18mm, L=3.61mm
Processing technology:
Conductive carbon black is evenly applied on processing release paper with doctor knife coater, carbon film is made, thickness is applied by controlling Degree realizes the control to carbon film sheet resistance.By prepare meet sheet resistance requirement carbon film plate using laser cutting machine by The good shape of design optimization cuts out FSS units, and each FSS units are arranged in medium substrate by design parameter.
The ship mast antenna house HF/VHF pass-band performances and X-band microwave absorbing property being prepared according to above-mentioned parameter are as schemed 4th, shown in 5, it can be seen that technical indicator can be fully met:Working frequency range HF/VHF, bandwidth of operation 500MHz;Wave transmission rate >= 90% (in bandwidth of operation), stealthy frequency range X-band, reflectivity >=-20dB.
Unspecified part of the present invention is known to the skilled person technology.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures, it is characterised in that:It is molded using carbon film spraying coating process on dielectric-slab Patch-type FSS cellular constructions, described FSS cellular constructions are the square of fractal structure, using square grid periodic arrangement;
    The square of described fractal structure includes the well word structure paster (1) at center and the big square positioned at square corner Paster (2), the end expansion squarely prong like (11) of four arms of described well word structure paster (1), in square fork Shape inside configuration is arranged symmetrically small square patch (3), height H and big square patch (2) side of square prong like (11) Long a is consistent, and the outer side edges of small square patch (3) overlap with the square side of fractal structure, well word structure paster (1) arm Between gap, the gap b between big square patch (2) and square prong like (11) and small square patch (3) and side Gap between shape prong like (11) is wide.
  2. A kind of 2. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described big pros Shape paster (2) length of side a=4b~6b, described small square patch (3) length of side c=2b~3b, described well word structure paster (1) four wide d=0.8b~1.2b of arm.
  3. A kind of 3. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described FSS units Structure length of side L=10b~20b.
  4. A kind of 4. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described gap b's Span is 0.1mm~0.5mm.
  5. A kind of 5. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described FSS units The carbon film thickness of structure is 0.01mm~0.02mm.
  6. A kind of 6. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structures according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described square The gap b between gap and big square patch (2) and square prong like (11) between grid is wide.
  7. 7. a kind of dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structure preparation methods, it is characterised in that realized by following steps:
    The first step, conductive carbon black is evenly applied on processing release paper with doctor knife coater, carbon film plate is made;
    Second step, shape needed for FSS cellular constructions is cut into by the carbon film plate prepared, and FSS cellular constructions are arranged in into medium In substrate, described FSS cellular constructions are the square of fractal structure, including the well word structure paster (1) at center and positioned at just The big square patch (2) of square corner, the end expansion squarely of four arms of described well word structure paster (1) are forked Structure (11), small square patch (3) is arranged in square prong like internal symmetry, the height H of square prong like (11) with Big square patch (2) length of side a is consistent, and the outer side edges of small square patch (3) overlap with the square side of fractal structure, well Gap b between gap, big square patch (2) and square prong like (11) between word structure paster (1) arm and small Gap between square patch (3) and square prong like (11) is wide.
  8. A kind of 8. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structure preparation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:It is described Big square patch (2) length of side a=4b~6b in second step, small square patch (3) length of side c=2b~3b, well word structure patch Four wide d=0.8b~1.2b of arm of piece (1).
  9. A kind of 9. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structure preparation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:It is described FSS cellular constructions length of side L=10b~20b in second step, gap b span are 0.1mm~0.5mm.
  10. A kind of 10. dissipative type wide-band and wave-absorbing FSS structure preparation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:It is described Carbon film thickness is 0.01mm~0.02mm in the first step.
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CN110429389A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-08 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 A kind of absorbent structure
CN111180839A (en) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-19 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Broadband electromagnetic wave absorption structure based on frequency selective surface
CN112072320A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-11 武汉灵动时代智能技术股份有限公司 Quasi-lumped FSS structure based on geometric separable inductor and capacitor
CN112117550A (en) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-22 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 Wave-absorbing unit structure
CN114614266A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-06-10 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 X-band-pass absorption and transmission integrated frequency selective surface structure

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SE2100152A1 (en) * 2021-10-18 2023-04-19 Saab Ab A product and method for frequency selective camouflage material

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111180839A (en) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-19 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 Broadband electromagnetic wave absorption structure based on frequency selective surface
CN112117550A (en) * 2019-06-21 2020-12-22 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 Wave-absorbing unit structure
CN112117550B (en) * 2019-06-21 2023-11-03 深圳市环波科技有限责任公司 Wave absorbing unit structure
CN110429389A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-11-08 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 A kind of absorbent structure
CN110429389B (en) * 2019-08-08 2021-01-05 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 Wave-absorbing structure
CN112072320A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-12-11 武汉灵动时代智能技术股份有限公司 Quasi-lumped FSS structure based on geometric separable inductor and capacitor
CN114614266A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-06-10 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 X-band-pass absorption and transmission integrated frequency selective surface structure
CN114614266B (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-08-12 成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司 X-band-pass absorption and penetration integrated frequency selective surface structure

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