CN107702969A - A kind of method for measuring carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron - Google Patents
A kind of method for measuring carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN107702969A CN107702969A CN201710930541.8A CN201710930541A CN107702969A CN 107702969 A CN107702969 A CN 107702969A CN 201710930541 A CN201710930541 A CN 201710930541A CN 107702969 A CN107702969 A CN 107702969A
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- sample
- carbon content
- mesh
- pearlite
- ferrite
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/32—Polishing; Etching
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method for measuring spheroidal graphite cast-iron carbon content, one, choose test block, test sample is representative, and two, by test block plane in being polished on sand paper, it is invisible to naked eyes, to prevent graphite from dragging tail, peeling or directional polish during polishing, polishing power is moderate, and polishing tangential velocity is not less than 2m/s；Three, diamond paste is reused, until sample polishes out minute surface；Four, remove sample surfaces abrasive pastes impurity and water stain and other impurities；Five, the quality of sample is measured after sample is dried；Six, polished sample is chosen to representative part under metallographic microscope；Seven, carbon content composition total in sample can be calculated according to the area of pearlite and ferrite and graphite-phase.The present invention has both saved cost, improves production efficiency again, reduces energy resource consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for measuring carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Background technology
Cast iron is the iron-carbon alloy that a kind of mass fraction of phosphorus content is more than 2.11%.Carbon in cast iron is to be dissolved, chemical combination and
Free three kinds of states are present.In the solidification of cast iron, crystallization and subsequent heat treatment process, the existing forms of carbon also occur that change
Change, so as to have influence on the tissue of cast iron and performance.General existing forms, the feature of graphite and the performance of cast iron for pressing carbon in cast iron
It is divided into white cast-iron, gray cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron, malleable cast iron and vermicular cast iron.Wherein spheroidal graphite cast-iron is a kind of high-strength cast iron
Material, wherein carbon content all have large effect to the corrosion resistance, mechanical property and processing characteristics of spheroidal graphite cast-iron.Traditional
Carbon content detection method uses combustion method and spectroscopic methodology, and wherein combustion method weighs a small amount of sample and burnt in pure oxygen, by carbon member
Element releases the CO released after burning2Collect and calculate carbon content, this method error is big, sample incomplete combustion, CO2Difficulty etc. is collected to ask
Topic.Spectroscopic methodology instrument and equipment is expensive, and cost is high, and stability of instrument is poor, and sample measurement error is big.Therefore, there is an urgent need to look for
To a kind of simple and fast, cost is low, the high method of testing of precision.
The content of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of method for measuring carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron, it has both saved cost, improved again
Production efficiency, reduce energy resource consumption.
Present invention employs following technical scheme：A kind of method for measuring spheroidal graphite cast-iron carbon content, it includes as follows
Step：Step 1, test block is chosen, test sample is representative, and sample surface area is not less than 4cm2；Step 2, test block is put down
Face on sand paper in polishing, with 100 mesh, 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1200 mesh, 1500 mesh, 2000 mesh sand
Paper unidirectionally polishes, and one of sand paper cut is completely covered in every one of sand paper, invisible to naked eyes, to prevent graphite from dragging during polishing
Tail, peeling or directional polish, polishing power is moderate, and polishing tangential velocity is not less than 2m/s；Step 3, reuse diamond and grind
Grind cream, 2.5#, 1.5#, 0.5# polish sample on polishing cloth, during polishing can not temperature it is too high, cooling water is passed through, until examination
Sample polishes out minute surface；Step 4, by polished sample as ultrasonic wave cleaning in alcoholic solution, is put into, remove sample surfaces
Abrasive pastes impurity and water stain and other impurities；Step 5, the quality of sample is measured after sample is dried, is accurate to 0.0001g, counted
The bulk density for calculating sample is a1；Step 6, polished sample is chosen to representative portion under metallographic microscope
Point, picture gross area b is chosen under 100 times, and uses analysis software to measure graphite phase area as c, by sample with 4% nitric acid
Alcohol corrodes 30s, same area photo is shot under metallographic microscope, size is still b, and black portions are pearlite and stone
Black occupied area is d, and ferrite area is then b-d, is 0.77% by pearlite carbon content, and ferrite carbon content is for 0.0008%
It is respectively a2 and a3 that pearlite and ferrite density, which can be calculated, and the wherein density of graphite is a4；Step 7, according to pearlite
Carbon content composition total in sample can be calculated with the area of ferrite and graphite-phase, its calculation formula is:
W（C）%= [a4*c+a2*(d-c)+a3*(b-d)]*100/a1*b.
The face of ferrite and pearlite and graphite-phase is calculated in the step 6 with metallographic microscope and aggressive agent
Product.Carbometer in the step 6 in ferrite and pearlite calculates the mass density of ferrite and pearlite.Institute
The physical property respectively organized in the step of stating seven derives calculation formula of the carbon in spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
The invention has the advantages that：After employing above technical scheme, the present invention is polished using metallographic method sampling,
Graphite structure area is measured, then is corroded and polished with aggressive agent, pearlite and ferritic tissue area is measured, passes through different tissues
Carbometer calculates carbon weight, draws the carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and the method eliminates traditional burning test specimen and receipts
Collect gas, equipment is simple, easy to operate.Both resource, the energy had been saved, production efficiency has been improved, improves product quality again.It is logical
The detection method of the present invention is crossed, can fast and effeciently detect the mass fraction of carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron.The present invention avoids
Traditional combustion method and the expensive direct reading spectrometry of equipment, have both saved the energy, improve production efficiency, improve product again
Quality, belong to typical energy-conserving and emission-cutting technology, meet national energy-saving emission reduction requirement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a kind of method for measuring carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron, it is characterised in that：
This method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：Test block is chosen, test sample is representative, and sample surface area is not less than 4cm2；
Step 2：By test block plane in being polished on sand paper, with 100 mesh, 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1200
Mesh, 1500 mesh, 2000 mesh sand paper unidirectionally polish, and one of sand paper cut is completely covered in every one of sand paper, invisible to naked eyes, throw
Light time, polishing power was moderate to prevent graphite from dragging tail, peeling or directional polish, and polishing tangential velocity is not less than 2m/s；
Step 3：Diamond paste is reused, 2.5#, 1.5#, 0.5# polish sample on polishing cloth, can not temperature during polishing
Height is spent, is passed through cooling water, until sample polishes out minute surface.
Step 4：By polished sample as ultrasonic wave cleaning in alcoholic solution, is put into, sample surfaces abrasive pastes are removed
Impurity and water stain and other impurities；
Step 5：The quality of sample is measured after sample is dried, is accurate to 0.0001g, the bulk density for calculating sample is a1；
Step 6：Polished sample is chosen to representative part under metallographic microscope, picture is chosen under 100 times
Gross area b, and use analysis software to measure graphite phase area as c, sample is corroded into 30s with 4% nitric acid alcohol, shown in metallographic
Same area photo is shot under micro mirror, size is still b, and black portions are pearlite and graphite occupied area is d, ferrite
Area is then b-d, is 0.77% by pearlite carbon content, ferrite carbon content can calculate pearlite and ferrite for 0.0008%
Bulk density is respectively a2 and a3, and the wherein density of graphite is a4；
Step 7：Carbon content composition total in sample can be calculated according to the area of pearlite and ferrite and graphite-phase, its
Calculation formula is:
W（C）%= [a4*c+a2*(d-c)+a3*(b-d)]*100/a1*b.
The face of ferrite and pearlite and graphite-phase is calculated in the step 6 with metallographic microscope and aggressive agent
Product.Carbometer in the step 6 in ferrite and pearlite calculates the mass density of ferrite and pearlite.Institute
The physical property respectively organized in the step of stating seven derives calculation formula of the carbon in spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
This method obtains and traditional combustion method, Infrared Carbon-sulphur method, direct reading spectrometry identical under easy operation
As a result.Traditional Infrared Carbon-sulphur method and combustion method are to sample requirement height in addition, it is impossible to have grunge pollution, CO2It is larger to collect error,
Sample range-restricted big.Direct reading spectrometry error in the case of no standard specimen is big, single to the measurement range of sample.This method
All of above shortcoming is overcome, there was only equipment depreciation in material consumption, cost is low, and energy consumption is small.In result verification with other
Method carries out parallel contrast, and this method result is confirmed.
In summary, by using the measuring method of the present invention, carbon content in spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be detected with fast and effective,
Avoid traditional combustion method and costly spectroscopic methodology.Both the energy has been saved, production efficiency has been improved, improves product again
Quality, belong to typical energy-conserving and emission-cutting technology, meet national energy-saving emission reduction requirement.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for measuring spheroidal graphite cast-iron carbon content, it comprises the following steps：
Step 1, test block is chosen, test sample is representative, and sample surface area is not less than 4cm2；
Step 2, by test block plane in being polished on sand paper, with 100 mesh, 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 1000 mesh, 1200
Mesh, 1500 mesh, 2000 mesh sand paper unidirectionally polish, and one of sand paper cut is completely covered in every one of sand paper, invisible to naked eyes, throw
Light time, polishing power was moderate to prevent graphite from dragging tail, peeling or directional polish, and polishing tangential velocity is not less than 2m/s；
Step 3, diamond paste is reused, 2.5#, 1.5#, 0.5# polish sample on polishing cloth, can not temperature during polishing
Height is spent, is passed through cooling water, until sample polishes out minute surface；
Step 4, by polished sample as ultrasonic wave cleaning in alcoholic solution, is put into, remove sample surfaces abrasive pastes impurity
With it is water stain and other impurities；
Step 5, the quality of sample is measured after sample is dried, is accurate to 0.0001g, the bulk density for calculating sample is a1；
Step 6, polished sample is chosen to representative part under metallographic microscope, picture is chosen under 100 times
Gross area b, and use analysis software to measure graphite phase area as c, sample is corroded into 30s with 4% nitric acid alcohol, shown in metallographic
Same area photo is shot under micro mirror, size is still b, and black portions are pearlite and graphite occupied area is d, ferrite
Area is then b-d, is 0.77% by pearlite carbon content, ferrite carbon content can calculate pearlite and ferrite for 0.0008%
Bulk density is respectively a2 and a3, and the wherein density of graphite is a4；
Step 7, carbon content composition total in sample can be calculated according to the area of pearlite and ferrite and graphite-phase, its
Calculation formula is:
W（C）%= [a4*c+a2*(d-c)+a3*(b-d)]*100/a1*b.
2. the method according to claim 1 for measuring spheroidal graphite cast-iron carbon content, it is characterized in that being transported in the step 6
The area of ferrite and pearlite and graphite-phase is calculated with metallographic microscope and aggressive agent.
3. the method according to claim 1 for measuring spheroidal graphite cast-iron carbon content, it is characterized in that root in the step 6
The mass density of ferrite and pearlite is calculated according to the carbometer in ferrite and pearlite.
4. the method according to claim 1 for measuring spheroidal graphite cast-iron carbon content, it is characterized in that respectively being organized in step 7
Physical property derive calculation formula of the carbon in spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254081A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-22 | 贵州省分析测试研究院 | The method and apparatus for measuring graphite attribute inside gray cast iron |
| CN110646428A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 山东大学 | Quantitative analysis method for metallographic phase of vermicular graphite cast iron and application thereof |
| CN111175126A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 锦州捷通铁路机械股份有限公司 | Method for measuring ratio of ductile and brittle areas on impact fracture of nodular cast iron |
-
2017
- 2017-10-09 CN CN201710930541.8A patent/CN107702969A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109254081A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-22 | 贵州省分析测试研究院 | The method and apparatus for measuring graphite attribute inside gray cast iron |
| CN110646428A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-01-03 | 山东大学 | Quantitative analysis method for metallographic phase of vermicular graphite cast iron and application thereof |
| CN111175126A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-19 | 锦州捷通铁路机械股份有限公司 | Method for measuring ratio of ductile and brittle areas on impact fracture of nodular cast iron |
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Application publication date: 20180216 |