CN103344532A - Rapid metallographic determination method for grain size of GCr15 steel bearing assembly - Google Patents
Rapid metallographic determination method for grain size of GCr15 steel bearing assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN103344532A CN103344532A CN2013102443264A CN201310244326A CN103344532A CN 103344532 A CN103344532 A CN 103344532A CN 2013102443264 A CN2013102443264 A CN 2013102443264A CN 201310244326 A CN201310244326 A CN 201310244326A CN 103344532 A CN103344532 A CN 103344532A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing detection. The invention relates to a rapid metallographic determination method for of grain size of a GCr15 steel bearing assembly. The rapid metallographic determination method comprises the following steps of 1), preparing an etching solution; 2), etching a sample of the bearing assembly; 3), determining the grain size: shooting a metallograph of a grain boundary profile by using an optical microscope, then determining the grain size of the metallograph by using image analysis software and in reference to steel size determination standards of an average grain size of the steel by an intercept method. The clear grain boundary profile can be obtained by using a rapid and easily operational chemical etching method; and efficient and accurate determination for the GCr15 steel bearing assembly can be realized by combining the metallographic determination method for the grain size.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bearing detection technique field, be specifically related to the quick metallographic assay method of a kind of GCr15 bearing assembly grain size.
Background technology
The GCr15 steel is present most widely used bearing manufacturing steel, is used for the processing and manufacturing of bearing ring and these two bearing significant components of rolling body in a large number.Because bearing ring and rolling body are to the bearing life important influence, its structural state is the emphasis that the bearing manufacture process is paid close attention to always.Wherein, grain size is identified as an important indicator passing judgment on bearing assembly structural state quality owing to reflected grain size and distribution compactness extent, so grain size determination is important content measurement during bearing assembly is produced always.Grain size determination at first needs to make sample present crystal boundary profile clearly under optical microscope by chemical corrosion, adopts the grain size determination method mensuration of grading again.Yet, at present to the GCr15 bearing assembly, existing chemical corrosion method etchant solution proportioning complexity is difficult to accurate assurance, the corrosion process time loss is longer, and be difficult to clearly show GCr15 bearing assembly crystal boundary profile usually, bring very big difficulty to grain size determination, cause many bearings manufacturing enterprise to carry out grain size determination accurately and effectively to the GCr15 bearing assembly of producing.
Summary of the invention
At above present situation, the object of the present invention is to provide the quick metallographic assay method of a kind of GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size, adopt quick easy-operating chemical corrosion method can obtain crystal boundary profile clearly, in conjunction with grain size metallographic assay method, can realize GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size efficiently and accurately mensuration.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: the quick metallographic assay method of a kind of GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1), etchant solution preparation:
1.. get 50～80 ml distilled waters, with the heating of 5～10 ℃/min firing rate, evenly add 3～5 gram picric acid in the heating process, and constantly stir;
2.. when picric acid solution is heated to fluidized state, and picric acid no longer dissolves when being the supersaturation attitude, adds 0.15～0.2 gram neopelex, and stirs;
3.. control solution heating-up temperature (the control solution temperature is 90 ± 5 ℃), make solution keep the gentle boil state, obtain etchant solution;
2), bearing assembly sample corrosion:
1.. will and clean the GCr15 bearing assembly sample that dries up through corase grind, correct grinding and polishing and immerse in the etchant solution, and keep the face that is corroded to contact with etchant solution is full and uniform, under the etchant solution fluidized state, corrode 20～40 seconds;
2.. the sample that takes out after corroding washes with flowing water, with drying after the cotton wiping of anhydrous alcohol, observes the crystal boundary profile under metaloscope then;
3.. if the crystal boundary profile of observing sample is more shallow, then in etchant solution, splash into 0.05-0.2 milliliter hydrochloric acid solution (concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 36%～38%) with common glue head dropper, repeating step 2) in 1., 2., for avoiding chlorhydria to cause grain boundary corrosion excessive, hydrochloric acid splashes into quantity and can increase to till the crystal boundary clear-cut presents by amount;
3), grain size determination:
With optics microscope photographing crystal boundary profile metallograph, utilize image analysis software then, adopt intercept method with reference to the mean grain size bioassay standard of steel, metallograph is carried out grain size determination.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: utilize picric acid to the electrochemical corrosion performance of GCr15 alloy steel, cooperate neopelex to the scavenging action of specimen surface adsorbate in the corrosion process, can erode away the crystal boundary profile fast; By the quantitative use of hydrochloric acid solution, can suitably strengthen the corrosivity of etchant solution, make the crystal boundary profile more clear; Based on crystal boundary profile metallograph clearly, utilize image analysis software to adopt intercept method to carry out grain size number to sample simply fast and measure.In addition, etchant solution preparation of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, can use after the etchant solution preparation is finished, and etching time is short, efficient is high, and cost is low.Adopt quick easy-operating chemical corrosion method can obtain crystal boundary profile clearly, in conjunction with grain size metallographic assay method, can realize GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size efficiently and accurately mensuration.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 does not add the crystal boundary profile metallograph that hcl corrosion obtains for GCr15 bearing ring in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 adds the crystal boundary profile metallograph that hcl corrosion obtains for GCr15 bearing ring in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Certain GCr15 bearing ring is cut out the sample of 8mm * 10mm10 * 4mm, roughly grind, finish grind and polish after inlaying, and clean and dry up.Its grain size metallographic is measured as follows and is realized:
1), etchant solution preparation:
1.. get 80 ml distilled waters, with the heating of 8 ℃/min firing rate, evenly add 3.5 gram picric acid in the heating process, and constantly stir;
2.. when picric acid solution is heated to fluidized state and be the supersaturation attitude, adds 0.2 gram neopelex, and stir;
3.. the control solution temperature is 90 ± 5 ℃, makes solution keep the gentle boil state, obtains etchant solution;
2), bearing assembly sample corrosion:
1.. will and clean the GCr15 bearing ring sample that dries up through corase grind, correct grinding and polishing and immerse in the etchant solution, and keep the face that is corroded to contact with etchant solution is full and uniform, corrosion is 30 seconds under the etchant solution fluidized state;
2.. the sample that takes out after corroding washes with flowing water, with drying after the cotton wiping of anhydrous alcohol, observes crystal boundary profile and take pictures (shown in Figure 1) under metaloscope then;
3.. the crystal boundary profile of observing sample is more shallow, splashes into 0.1 milliliter of 36%～38% hydrochloric acid solution with common glue head dropper in etchant solution, sample is cleaned again to dry up in the back immersion etchant solution simultaneously to corrode 30 seconds; Take out corrosion back sample and wash with circulating water, then with drying after the cotton wiping of anhydrous alcohol;
3), grain size determination:
With optics microscope photographing crystal boundary profile metallograph and take pictures (shown in Figure 2), utilize image analysis software then, adopt intercept method with reference to the mean grain size bioassay standard of steel, metallograph is carried out grain size determination;
With intercept method metallograph shown in Figure 2 is carried out grain size determination in image analysis software, measuring grain size number is 10 grades.
Grain size metallographic rapid assay methods of the present invention is adopted in above-mentioned example explanation, can obtain crystal boundary profile clearly, and carry out grain size determination fast, simply, accurately.
The technology of the present invention method also is applicable to the GCr15 steel bearing assembly of other specification, and the quick metallographic assay method of its grain size is identical with above-mentioned example, and effect is also identical, at this particularize embodiment not.
The bound of each raw material of the present invention, interval value (as 50～80 ml distilled waters, 3～5 gram picric acid, 0.15～0.2 gram neopelex), and the bound of technological parameter (as temperature, time etc.), interval value can both realize the present invention, effect is also identical, does not enumerate embodiment one by one at this.
Claims (3)
1. quick metallographic assay method of GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
1), etchant solution preparation:
1.. get the heating of 50～80 ml distilled waters, add 3～5 gram picric acid in the heating process, and constantly stir;
2.. when picric acid solution is heated to fluidized state, and picric acid no longer dissolves when being the supersaturation attitude, adds 0.15～0.2 gram neopelex, and stirs;
3.. control solution heating-up temperature, make solution keep the gentle boil state, obtain etchant solution;
2), bearing assembly sample corrosion:
1.. will and clean the GCr15 bearing assembly sample that dries up through corase grind, correct grinding and polishing and immerse in the etchant solution, and keep the face that is corroded to contact with etchant solution is full and uniform, under the etchant solution fluidized state, corrode 20～40 seconds;
2.. the sample that takes out after corroding washes with flowing water, with drying after the cotton wiping of anhydrous alcohol, observes the crystal boundary profile under metaloscope then;
3.. if the crystal boundary profile of observing sample is more shallow, then in etchant solution, splash into 0.05～0.2ml hydrochloric acid solution with common glue head dropper, repeating step 2) in 1., 2., for avoiding chlorhydria to cause grain boundary corrosion excessive, hydrochloric acid splashes into quantity and can increase to till the crystal boundary clear-cut presents by amount;
3), grain size determination:
With optics microscope photographing crystal boundary profile metallograph, utilize image analysis software then, adopt intercept method with reference to the mean grain size bioassay standard of steel, metallograph is carried out grain size determination.
2. the quick metallographic assay method of a kind of GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size according to claim 1 is characterized in that, step 1) 3. in heating-up temperature be 90 ± 5 ℃.
3. the quick metallographic assay method of a kind of GCr15 steel bearing assembly grain size according to claim 1 is characterized in that step 2) 3. in the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution be 36%～38%.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712844A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-09 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Corrosion method for displaying Cr13-type martensitic stainless steel grain size |
| CN103938149A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-23 | 人本集团有限公司 | Metallographic detection sample preparation method after carbonitriding of high-carbon chromium bearing steel, as well as product |
| CN104451686A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Corrosive agent for displaying actual grain size of pearlitic steel |
| CN104458511A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for testing autstenitic grain size of steel bainite structure for nuclear pressure vessel |
| CN104726863A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-24 | 首钢总公司 | Corrosive for displaying ultralow carbon-steel casting blank hook-shaped slab shell as well as preparation method and preparation method for corrosive |
| CN104729963A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | Detection and display method of austenite grains of quenched and tempered steel for gears at room temperature |
| CN106290356A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of display packing of 38CrNi3MoV crystal boundary |
| CN106370499A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 鹰普（中国）有限公司 | Austenite crystal boundary corrosion method after carburizing and quenching |
| CN109030338A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of method of electro-catalysis chemical attack original austenite grain |
| CN111751254A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-09 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for testing granularity of high-purity aluminum alloy sample |
| CN112557134A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-26 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Method for detecting austenite grain size of high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN114018920A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Method for displaying delta ferrite in P91 and P92 steel |
| CN114112882A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Corrosion method for grain size of heat-resistant wear-resistant ultrahigh-strength stainless bearing steel |
| CN114383917A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Microalloyed carbon steel original austenite grain boundary etching method |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712844A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-04-09 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Corrosion method for displaying Cr13-type martensitic stainless steel grain size |
| CN103938149A (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2014-07-23 | 人本集团有限公司 | Metallographic detection sample preparation method after carbonitriding of high-carbon chromium bearing steel, as well as product |
| CN104458511A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-25 | 上海交通大学 | Method for testing autstenitic grain size of steel bainite structure for nuclear pressure vessel |
| CN104451686A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | Corrosive agent for displaying actual grain size of pearlitic steel |
| CN104729963B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-08-08 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | A kind of detection display methods of the austenite crystal of room temperature lower gear quenched and tempered steel |
| CN104729963A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 常州天山重工机械有限公司 | Detection and display method of austenite grains of quenched and tempered steel for gears at room temperature |
| CN104726863A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-06-24 | 首钢总公司 | Corrosive for displaying ultralow carbon-steel casting blank hook-shaped slab shell as well as preparation method and preparation method for corrosive |
| CN106290356A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of display packing of 38CrNi3MoV crystal boundary |
| CN106370499A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 鹰普（中国）有限公司 | Austenite crystal boundary corrosion method after carburizing and quenching |
| CN109030338A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of method of electro-catalysis chemical attack original austenite grain |
| CN111751254A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-09 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Method for testing granularity of high-purity aluminum alloy sample |
| CN112557134A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-26 | 大冶特殊钢有限公司 | Method for detecting austenite grain size of high-carbon chromium bearing steel |
| CN114018920A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-08 | 河南中原特钢装备制造有限公司 | Method for displaying delta ferrite in P91 and P92 steel |
| CN114112882A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Corrosion method for grain size of heat-resistant wear-resistant ultrahigh-strength stainless bearing steel |
| CN114112882B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2024-04-16 | 中国航发哈尔滨轴承有限公司 | Corrosion method for heat-resistant wear-resistant ultra-high strength stainless bearing steel grain size |
| CN114383917A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Microalloyed carbon steel original austenite grain boundary etching method |
| CN114383917B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Method for etching original austenite grain boundary of microalloyed carbon steel |
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Application publication date: 20131009 |