CN107697824B - Active safety protection system for winch hook and crane - Google Patents

Active safety protection system for winch hook and crane Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107697824B
CN107697824B CN201711095246.1A CN201711095246A CN107697824B CN 107697824 B CN107697824 B CN 107697824B CN 201711095246 A CN201711095246 A CN 201711095246A CN 107697824 B CN107697824 B CN 107697824B
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China
Prior art keywords
oil
control valve
control
winch
valve
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Active
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CN201711095246.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107697824A (en
Inventor
朱保江
陈卫
王本路
张莉
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Anhui Xingma Special Purpose Vehicle Co Ltd
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Anhui Xingma Special Purpose Vehicle Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201711095246.1A priority Critical patent/CN107697824B/en
Publication of CN107697824A publication Critical patent/CN107697824A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/88Safety gear
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40Control devices
    • B66D1/42Control devices non-automatic
    • B66D1/44Control devices non-automatic pneumatic of hydraulic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54Safety gear
    • B66D1/56Adaptations of limit switches

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an active safety protection system for a winch hook, wherein a first oil port and a second oil port of a reversing valve are respectively connected with a winch control oil way; the telescopic arm further comprises a limit switch arranged on the arm head of the telescopic arm, wherein a limit switch signal is connected to the control valve and used for changing the conduction direction of the control valve; the upper oil port of the control valve is connected with the second oil port of the reversing valve, and the lower oil port of the control valve is connected with the reset cavity of the reversing valve; when the limit switch is triggered under pressure, a control signal is sent to the control valve, so that the control valve moves to a working position, an upper oil port and a lower oil port of the control valve are communicated when the control valve is in the working position, and hydraulic oil enters the reset cavity to enable the reversing valve to return to an initial working position. When the lifting hook triggers the limit switch, the control valve guides a part of pressure oil to the reset cavity of the reversing valve, so that the reversing valve returns to the initial position, the lifting process of the winch is stopped, and the lifting hook is prevented from colliding with the arm head of the mechanical arm. The invention further provides a crane comprising the active safety protection system for the winch hook.

Description

Active safety protection system for winch hook and crane
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to an active safety protection system for a winch and a hook. The invention also relates to a crane.
Background
The lifting operation of the straight arm type lorry-mounted crane mainly comprises the steps that a steel wire rope wound on a winding drum is enabled to drive lifting and lowering of a lifting hook through rolling of the winding drum, when the straight arm type lorry-mounted crane is driven, the lifting hook is in a free suspension state, the lifting hook is easy to shake greatly due to uneven driving pavement, shaking of a telescopic boom and the whole lorry is aggravated, potential safety hazards are driven, and winding steel wires are easy to wear.
At present, in order to prevent the lifting hook from shaking, the straight arm type lorry-mounted crane basically directly tightens the lifting hook, and the lifting hook is tightly attached to the arm head through tightening of a hoisting steel wire rope. As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, the lifting hook 01 and the arm head 02 are attached together by the tension of the steel wire rope 03, but operators need to pay attention to the distance between the lifting hook 01 and the arm head 02 all the time in the process of taking up the lifting hook, if the distance is too large, the lifting hook is not tightened to reach the expected effect, if the distance is too small, the steel wire rope is over-reeled to damage the lifting hook 01, the arm head 02 and the steel wire rope, rigid contact is formed between the lifting hook 01 and the arm head 02, and the contact surface between the lifting hook and the arm head is seriously deformed even the steel wire rope is stretched out due to careless operation.
The control mode is completely determined by experience of operators, and the problem that the attaching distance is unsuitable easily occurs, so that the problem that the person skilled in the art needs to solve at present how to accurately and effectively enable the lifting hook to be at the proper position is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an active safety protection system for a winch hook, which can accurately enable a lifting hook to be positioned at a proper position and avoid damage of the lifting hook, and the active safety protection system comprises the following specific scheme:
the active safety protection system for the winch hook comprises a winch control oil way and a reversing valve, wherein a first oil port and a second oil port of the reversing valve are respectively connected with the winch control oil way to control the flow direction of oil, and the active safety protection system further comprises a limit switch arranged on the arm head of the telescopic arm, wherein the limit switch can be contacted with and triggered by a lifting hook; the limit switch signal is connected with the control valve and used for changing the conduction direction of the control valve; the upper oil port of the control valve is connected with the second oil port of the reversing valve, and the lower oil port of the control valve is connected with the reset cavity of the reversing valve; and when the limit switch is triggered under pressure, a control signal is sent to the control valve, so that the control valve moves to a working position, an upper oil port and a lower oil port of the control valve are communicated, and hydraulic oil enters the reset cavity to enable the reversing valve to return to an initial working position.
Optionally, the limit switch is connected with the control valve signal through the pencil, the pencil is through coiling on the winder, the winder is through reset spring will the pencil coils, makes the extension of pencil and the flexible length of flexible arm keep matching.
Optionally, the control valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, the left position communicates the upper oil port and the lower oil port of the control valve, and the right position communicates the lower oil port and the oil return box of the control valve.
Optionally, a buffer device is arranged at the top of the lifting hook, the buffer device comprises a bottom plate and a panel, a cylindrical outer sleeve is arranged on the bottom plate, and an inner sleeve which can be inserted into and in sliding fit with the outer sleeve is arranged on the panel; and a limiting rod is arranged between the bottom plate and the panel, a reset spring is sleeved outside the limiting rod, and two ends of the reset spring are respectively pressed on the bottom plate and the panel.
Optionally, the limit rod comprises a screw and a nut; the limiting rod is arranged in a cavity formed by the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.
Optionally, a bump is disposed on top of the panel for contacting the limit switch.
The invention also provides a crane, which comprises the active safety protection system for the winch hook.
The invention provides an active safety protection system for a winch and a hook, which comprises a winch control oil way and a reversing valve for controlling the flow direction of oil in the winch control oil way, wherein a first oil port and a second oil port of the reversing valve are respectively connected to the winch control oil way to control the flow direction of the oil, and the reversing valve changes the rotation direction of a winch by changing the flow direction of the oil; the telescopic arm further comprises a limit switch arranged on the arm head of the telescopic arm, the limit switch can be contacted with the lifting hook, and the limit switch is triggered when the limit switch is contacted with the lifting hook; the limit switch signal is connected with the control valve and used for changing the conduction direction of the control valve; the upper oil port of the control valve is connected with the second oil port of the reversing valve, and the lower oil port of the control valve is connected with the reset cavity of the reversing valve; when the limit switch is triggered under pressure, a control signal is sent to the control valve, so that the control valve moves to a working position, an upper oil port and a lower oil port of the control valve are communicated when the control valve is in the working position, and hydraulic oil enters the reset cavity to enable the reversing valve to return to an initial working position.
When the lifting hook is required to be retracted, the lifting control oil way is controlled through the reversing valve, so that the lifting machine ascends, when the lifting machine ascends and encounters the limit switch, the limit switch sends a control signal to the control valve, the control valve moves to a working position to conduct the oil feeding port and the oil discharging port, hydraulic oil flowing out of the second oil feeding port enters the reset cavity because the oil feeding port is connected with the second oil feeding port of the reversing valve, the reversing valve is returned to the initial position under the action of hydraulic oil in the reset cavity, the lifting process of the lifting machine is stopped, and the lifting hook is prevented from colliding with the arm head of the mechanical arm.
The invention also provides a crane comprising the active safety protection system for the winch and the hook, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of prior art hook tightening;
fig. 2 is an oil circuit schematic diagram of the active safety protection system for winding and hooking provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a device structure diagram of the active safety protection system for winding and hooking provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a sectional view of the structure of the damper.
The drawings include:
arm head 1, limit switch 2, wire harness 21, reel 22, lifting hook 3, control valve 4, oil return tank 41, hoist control oil circuit 5, reversing valve 6, reset cavity 61, buffer 7, bottom plate 71, outer cover 72, panel 73, inner sleeve 74, limit lever 75, ram 76.
Detailed Description
The invention aims at providing an active safety protection system for a winch hook, which can accurately enable a lifting hook to be positioned at a proper position and avoid damage of the lifting hook.
In order to make the technical scheme of the invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the winch hook active safety protection system and the crane of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, an oil circuit schematic diagram of the active safety protection system for the winch hook is provided by the invention; the system comprises a winch control oil way 5 and a reversing valve 6, wherein a first oil port and a second oil port of the reversing valve 6 are respectively connected with the winch control oil way 5 to control the flow direction of oil, the first oil port is shown as A in figure 2, and the second oil port is shown as B; FIG. 3 is a device structure diagram of the active safety protection system for winding and hooking provided by the invention; the system also comprises a limit switch 2 arranged on the arm head 1 of the telescopic arm, wherein the limit switch 2 can be contacted with the lifting hook 3 and triggered, and when the lifting hook 3 is recovered upwards, the limit switch 2 is contacted with the limit switch 2 to trigger the limit switch 2; the limit switch 2 is in signal connection with the control valve 4 and is used for changing the conduction direction of the control valve 4, namely changing the working state of the control valve 4 through the position of the lifting hook 3; the upper oil port P of the control valve 4 is connected with the second oil port B of the reversing valve 6, the lower oil port C of the control valve 4 is connected with the reset cavity 61 of the reversing valve 6, and a spring is arranged in the reset cavity 61 and can be reset when pressure oil enters; when the limit switch 2 is triggered under pressure, a control signal is sent to the control valve 4, so that the control valve 4 moves to a working position, an upper oil port P and a lower oil port C of the control valve 4 are communicated, and hydraulic oil enters the reset cavity 61 to restore the reversing valve 6 to an initial working position.
The reversing valve 6 is an operating piece for controlling winding and unwinding ropes, and is realized by operating an A port or a B port of the reversing valve 6 to feed oil to the winding control oil path 5, if the A port oil feeding lifting hook is lowered, and if the B port oil feeding lifting hook is raised. The control valve 4 is used for controlling whether the pressure oil at the port B of the reversing valve 6 directly enters the winch control oil way 5 or enters the winch control oil way 5 through the pressure oil, and simultaneously enters the reset cavity 61 of the reversing valve 6, if the pressure oil flows into the reset cavity 61, the reversing valve 6 returns to the initial position through the pressure, the oil is not supplied to the winch control oil way 5 any more, and the lifting hook does not rise any more.
Specifically, in the invention, the limit switch 2 is in signal connection with the control valve 4 through the wire harness 21, the wire harness 21 is coiled on the wire winder 22, the wire winder 22 coils the wire harness 21 through the reset spring, the reset spring enables the wire harness 21 to have a coiling shrinkage trend, when the telescopic arm stretches, the wire harness 21 stretches against the coiling acting force of the reset spring, when the telescopic arm stretches, the wire harness 21 winds on the wire winder 22 under the action of the restoring elastic force of the reset spring of the wire harness 21, and the stretching length of the wire harness 21 is kept to be matched with the stretching length of the telescopic arm. In addition to the transmission of signals via the wiring harness 21, control methods such as wireless transmission may be employed.
Specifically, the control valve 4 is a two-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve, the left position communicates the upper oil port and the lower oil port of the control valve 4, and the right position communicates the lower oil port of the control valve 4 and the oil return tank 41. When the control valve 4 is powered off, the pressure oil at the port B of the reversing valve 6 directly enters the hoisting control oil way 5, the oil in the reset cavity 61 of the reversing valve 6 flows into the right oil return tank 41 through the control valve 4, and when the control valve 4 is powered on, the pressure oil at the port B of the reversing valve 6 enters the hoisting control oil way 5 and also enters the reset cavity 61 of the reversing valve 6, so that the operating handle of the reversing valve 6 is forced to reset.
The working process of the system is as follows: after the hoisting operation is finished, the handle of the reversing valve 6 is operated to enable the reversing valve 6 to work in the left position, namely P to B, A to T, the pressure oil at the port B of the reversing valve 6 is supplied to the port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve, at the moment, the electromagnetic reversing valve is powered off and works in the right position, one oil directly enters the hoisting control oil way 5 to drive the roller to roll and the lifting hook is pulled up through the hoisting steel wire rope, and the other oil is cut off by the electromagnetic reversing valve; along with the retraction of the lifting hook, the panel 73 of the buffer device 7 contacts with the arm head 1 to compress the reset spring in the lifting hook buffer device 7, when the reset spring in the lifting hook buffer device 7 is continuously compressed to trigger the limit switch 2, the limit switch 2 is conducted to send an electric signal to the control valve 4 to enable the control valve 4 to work at the left position, at the moment, the pressure oil at the port B of the reversing valve 6 is communicated with the hoisting control oil circuit 5 all the way, and the other path is communicated with the reset cavity 61 of the reversing valve 6, and the hydraulic pressure of the reset cavity 61 is far greater than the manual operating force of operators to force the reversing 6 to operate the handle to reset to enable the middle position to work, the hoisting control oil circuit 5 stops the hook retraction, and the process completes the buffering function in the hook retraction process and actively judges the hook retraction completion to stop the protection function of the hook retraction.
The device has the other function of preventing the damage of the lifting hook 3, the arm head 1 and the steel wire rope caused by manual misoperation, and the working principle is as follows: when the lifting hook 3 is ready for the hooking operation from the tightening state, an operator can misoperation the handle direction of the reversing valve 6 to enable the lifting hook 3 to be continuously tightened and damaged, because the lifting hook 3 is always in the tightening state to enable the limit switch 2 to be in a triggered and conducting state, namely the control valve 4 is electrified to work in the left position, the pressure oil at the port B of the misoperation instant reversing valve 6 fills the reset cavity 61 of the reversing valve 6 through the control valve 4, the operating handle is forced to reset, and the operating handle can only be operated in the descending direction of the lifting hook 3, so that the damage to a vehicle caused by misoperation of the operator is avoided.
On the basis of any one of the technical schemes and the mutual combination thereof, in order to further slow down the impact, the top of the lifting hook 3 is provided with a buffer device 7, as shown in fig. 4, which is a sectional structure diagram of the buffer device; the buffer device 7 comprises a bottom plate 71 and a panel 73, which are arranged in parallel; a cylindrical outer sleeve 72 is arranged on the bottom plate 71, an inner sleeve 74 is arranged on the panel 73, and the inner sleeve 74 can be inserted into the outer sleeve 72 and in limit sliding fit with the outer sleeve, so that the bottom plate 71 and the panel 73 are only separated from or close to each other in a parallel direction; a limiting rod 75 is arranged between the bottom plate 71 and the panel 73, the maximum distance between the bottom plate 71 and the panel 73 is limited by the limiting rod 75, a reset spring is sleeved outside the limiting rod 75, two ends of the reset spring are respectively pressed on the bottom plate 71 and the panel 73, and the bottom plate 71 and the panel 73 are kept at the maximum distance position limited by the limiting rod 75 under the action of the elasticity of the reset spring under the action of no external force; and when the panel 73 collides with the limit switch 2 above, the elastic force of the return spring plays a role in buffering, so that the probability of damage to the lifting hook caused by impact is reduced.
Specifically, the limiting rod 75 includes a screw and a nut, and the limiting rod 75 is movably matched with the bottom plate 71 and the panel 73; the stop lever 75 is disposed in the cavity formed by the outer sleeve 72 and the inner sleeve 74, and the integration of the device is higher.
In addition, a bump 76 is provided on the top of the panel 73 for contact with the limit switch 2, and the bump 76 may be made of a flexible material to further alleviate the impact.
The invention also provides a crane, which comprises the active safety protection system for the winding and receiving hook, and can achieve the same technical effect.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. The active safety protection system for the winch hook-collecting comprises a winch control oil way (5) and a reversing valve (6), wherein a first oil port and a second oil port of the reversing valve (6) are respectively connected with the winch control oil way (5) to control the flow direction of oil, and the active safety protection system is characterized by further comprising a limit switch (2) arranged on an arm head (1) of a telescopic arm, wherein the limit switch (2) can be contacted with a lifting hook (3) and triggered; the limit switch (2) is in signal connection with the control valve (4) and is used for changing the conduction direction of the control valve (4); an upper oil port of the control valve (4) is connected with a second oil port of the reversing valve (6), and a lower oil port of the control valve (4) is connected with a reset cavity (61) of the reversing valve (6); when the limit switch (2) is triggered under pressure, a control signal is sent to the control valve (4), so that the control valve (4) moves to a working position, an upper oil port and a lower oil port of the control valve (4) are communicated, and hydraulic oil enters the reset cavity (61) to enable the reversing valve (6) to return to an initial working position;
when the lifting hook (3) is lifted upwards, the control handle of the reversing valve (6) is controlled to work at the left position, and the control valve (4) works at the right position; one path of oil flowing out from the reversing valve (6) directly enters the winch control oil path (5), the roller of the oil is driven to roll, the lifting hook (3) is pulled up by a winch steel wire rope, and the other path of oil is cut off by the control valve (4);
when the lifting hook (3) triggers the limit switch (2), the limit switch (2) is conducted to send an electric signal to the control valve (4) to enable the control valve to work at the left position, one path of oil of the reversing valve (6) is communicated with the hoisting control oil path (5), the other path of oil is communicated with the reset cavity (61), the control handle of the reversing valve (6) is forced to reset to enable the control oil path to work at the middle position, and the hoisting control oil path (5) stops hooking.
2. The winch hook active safety protection system according to claim 1, wherein the limit switch (2) is in signal connection with the control valve (4) through a wire harness (21), and the wire winder (22) winds the wire harness (21) through a return spring, so that the extension length of the wire harness (21) is kept matched with the extension length of the telescopic arm.
3. The winch hook active safety protection system according to claim 1, wherein the control valve (4) is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, an upper oil port and a lower oil port of the control valve (4) are communicated in a left position, and a lower oil port of the control valve (4) is communicated with the oil return tank (41) in a right position.
4. A winch hook active safety protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a buffer device (7) is arranged at the top of the hook (3), the buffer device (7) comprises a bottom plate (71) and a panel (73), a cylindrical outer sleeve (72) is arranged on the bottom plate (71), and an inner sleeve (74) capable of being inserted into and in sliding fit with the outer sleeve (72) is arranged on the panel (73); a limiting rod (75) is arranged between the bottom plate (71) and the panel (73), a reset spring is sleeved outside the limiting rod (75), and two ends of the reset spring are respectively pressed on the bottom plate (71) and the panel (73).
5. The winch hook active safety protection system according to claim 4, characterized in that the limit lever (75) comprises a screw and a nut; the limiting rod (75) is arranged in a cavity formed by the outer sleeve (72) and the inner sleeve (74).
6. The active safety protection system for a winch and hook according to claim 4, characterized in that a bump (76) is provided on the top of the panel (73) for contacting with the limit switch (2).
7. A crane comprising a winch hook active safety protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN201711095246.1A 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Active safety protection system for winch hook and crane Active CN107697824B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711095246.1A CN107697824B (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Active safety protection system for winch hook and crane

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711095246.1A CN107697824B (en) 2017-11-08 2017-11-08 Active safety protection system for winch hook and crane

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CN107697824A CN107697824A (en) 2018-02-16
CN107697824B true CN107697824B (en) 2024-01-19

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001302183A (en) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-31 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Hydraulic speed controller, hook overwinding prevention device, and interference prevention device
CN205241036U (en) * 2015-12-08 2016-05-18 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 A anti -collision buffer device for C type lifting hook
CN205687444U (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-11-16 三河市新宏昌专用车有限公司 There is the lorry-mounted crane automatic tightening device of suspension hook overtravel protection function
CN207524869U (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-06-22 安徽星马专用汽车有限公司 A kind of elevator receives hook active safety protection system and crane

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001302183A (en) * 2000-04-14 2001-10-31 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd Hydraulic speed controller, hook overwinding prevention device, and interference prevention device
CN205241036U (en) * 2015-12-08 2016-05-18 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 A anti -collision buffer device for C type lifting hook
CN205687444U (en) * 2016-06-17 2016-11-16 三河市新宏昌专用车有限公司 There is the lorry-mounted crane automatic tightening device of suspension hook overtravel protection function
CN207524869U (en) * 2017-11-08 2018-06-22 安徽星马专用汽车有限公司 A kind of elevator receives hook active safety protection system and crane

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