CN107687977B - Rock soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method - Google Patents
Rock soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107687977B CN107687977B CN201710607311.8A CN201710607311A CN107687977B CN 107687977 B CN107687977 B CN 107687977B CN 201710607311 A CN201710607311 A CN 201710607311A CN 107687977 B CN107687977 B CN 107687977B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
Abstract
The invention discloses an ammonia saturation experimental method for a rock-soil sample, which can realize the rapid and efficient saturation of the rock-soil sample and comprises the following steps: developing a split mold with the diameter larger than that of a standard sample by 1.0-1.5 mm, sleeving a rubber film in the mold after the mold is split, compacting the sample soil in the mold in a layering way, and then placing the mold in a constant temperature box for drying; after the sample is dried, placing the mould and the sample in a closed container, vacuumizing and injecting sufficient ammonia gas; before a triaxial experiment is carried out, the mould is placed on a base of a triaxial pressure chamber, taken down, an upper pressure chamber cover of the split mould is arranged, confining pressure liquid is injected into the pressure chamber cover, and confining pressure is loaded; and (3) keeping the water head saturation head difference of the sample at 19.5-20.6 cm by utilizing the principle of a communicating vessel, keeping the water head saturation for 30-40min when the amount of water injected into the sample is equal to the amount of water flowing out, and coating the water flowing out by using blue litmus test paper until the test paper does not change color any more, and stopping the water head saturation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ammonia saturation experimental method for a rock-soil sample.
Background
The triaxial test of the rock and soil is a conventional and widely used test in the fields of rock and soil mechanics and engineering. And the preparation of the saturated remolded sample is the primary and key link for ensuring the success of the experiment. Internationally, various rock and soil sample saturation methods are proposed and are put into rock and soil experimental specifications, including a water head saturation method, a vacuum-pumping saturation method, a carbon dioxide saturation method, a back pressure saturation method and the like, but the methods still have some defects which cannot be overcome, such as low saturation, long time consumption, low efficiency and damage to the samples.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ammonia gas saturation experimental method for a rock-soil sample, which can realize the rapid and efficient saturation of the rock-soil sample, provide a high-quality saturated sample for a rock-soil triaxial experiment, and solve the problems that a remolded rock-soil sample in the triaxial experiment cannot be saturated, is difficult to saturate and consumes long time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rock soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method comprises the following steps:
a. sample preparation: developing a split mold with the diameter larger than that of a standard sample by 1.0-1.5 mm, sleeving a rubber film in the mold after the mold is closed, then tamping the sample in the mold in a layering manner according to certain soil body dry density and water content, and then placing the sample and the mold in a constant temperature box for drying;
b. vacuumizing and injecting nitrogen gas: after the sample is dried, placing the mold and the sample in a closed container, vacuumizing and injecting sufficient ammonia gas;
c. filling the sample in a three-shaft manner to supplement ammonia gas: before a triaxial experiment is carried out, a sample and a mold are placed on a base of a triaxial pressure chamber, then the split mold is taken down, a pressure chamber cover is installed, confining pressure liquid is injected, and confining pressure is loaded;
d. saturated water of the sample: and (3) utilizing a communicating vessel principle to carry out water head saturation on the sample, keeping the water head difference between 19.5cm and 20.6cm, keeping the water head saturation for 30 to 40min when the amount of water injected into the sample is equal to the amount of water flowing out, coating the water flowing out with blue litmus test paper, checking the color change of the test paper, and stopping the water head saturation until the test paper does not change color any more.
Further, in step a, the diameter of the die is 40.1-4.6mm, and the diameter of a sample suitable for the die is 3.91 cm.
Further, in the step a, the sample is compacted in a layered manner in the mold according to the certain soil body dry density and water content, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
preparing a sample soil body into a cylindrical sample with the height of 7-8cm and the diameter of 3.9cm, tamping the sample soil body into five layers, wherein each layer is 1.6cm, and scraping the surface of the sample soil body by using iron wires after one layer is tamped, so that the layers are well connected.
Further, in the step a, the drying temperature is 40-40.5 ℃, and the drying time is 24 hours.
Further, in step b, when sufficient ammonia gas is injected, the filling process is continued at room temperature for 7 days, so that the ammonia gas completely fills the pores of the sample.
Further, in the step c, in the sample loading process, certain ammonia gas is additionally injected from the bottom of the soil sample, the top connector of the sample is changed into a tube, and when no bubble escapes from the tube through observation, the ammonia gas is considered to be filled.
Further, can carry out step a and b to batch sample and fill the ammonia, during the later stage experiment, it chooses for use to carry out the sample to batch sample.
The rock-soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method provided by the invention can realize rapid and efficient saturation of the rock-soil sample, provides a high-quality saturated sample for a rock-soil triaxial experiment, and solves the problems that remolded rock-soil samples in the triaxial experiment cannot be saturated, are difficult to saturate and are long in time consumption.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention.
A rock soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method comprises the following steps:
a. sample preparation: developing a split mold with the diameter larger than that of a standard sample by 1.0-1.5 mm, sleeving a rubber film in the mold after the mold is split, then tamping the sample in the mold in a layering manner according to certain soil body dry density and water content, then placing the sample and the mold in a constant temperature box for drying, keeping the drying temperature at 40 ℃, and keeping the drying time at 24 hours.
Because the rubber film is higher than the die, after the closing, the two ends can be turned outside. The mold is generally composed of three sections, and is surrounded by a sleeve ring, and then covered by a rubber film, filled with soil and tamped.
When a sample is prepared, a glass plate is firstly placed below a mould, then sample soil is poured into the mould from the upper end, and the soil is smashed layer by layer, and the whole space of the mould is just filled with the smashed soil.
When preparing a sample, preparing a sample soil body into a cylindrical sample with the height of 7-8cm and the diameter of 3.9cm, tamping the cylindrical sample by five layers, wherein each layer is 1.6cm, and scraping the surface of the cylindrical sample by using an iron wire after one layer is tamped, so that the layers are well connected.
Wherein the die diameter can be set to 40.1-4.6mm, a sample diameter suitable for the die is 39.1 mm.
b. Vacuumizing and injecting nitrogen gas: and after the sample is dried, placing the mold and the sample in a closed container, vacuumizing, injecting sufficient ammonia gas, and continuously filling for 7 days at room temperature to ensure that the ammonia gas is completely filled in the pores of the sample.
Can carry out step a and b to batch sample, fill and annotate the ammonia, during the later stage experiment, carry out the sample to the batch sample that has filled the ammonia and finish and select.
c. Filling the sample in a three-shaft manner to supplement ammonia gas: before a triaxial experiment is carried out, a sample and a mold are placed on a base of a triaxial pressure chamber, then the split mold is taken down, a pressure chamber cover is installed, confining pressure liquid is injected, and confining pressure is loaded;
in the sample loading process, a small amount of ammonia gas and air on the surface layer of the sample are exchanged, so a certain amount of ammonia gas needs to be additionally injected from the bottom of the soil sample. When the sample top was connected to a tube change and no bubble escaped from the tube change was observed, it was considered that ammonia was filled.
d. Saturated water of the sample: and (3) utilizing a communicating vessel principle to carry out water head saturation on the sample, keeping the water head difference between 19.5cm and 20.6cm, when the water amount injected into the sample is equal to the water amount flowing out, continuously coating the water flowing out by using a blue litmus test paper after the water head saturation is continued for half an hour, checking the color change of the test paper, and stopping the water head saturation until the test paper does not change color any more.
Experimental example:
taking fine sand as an experimental medium, and taking a sample according to the dry density of 1.6g/cm3And a water content of 8%. And (4) sequentially carrying out the series of steps to finish the ammonia saturated sample, wherein the pores of the sample are filled with water. Then, we use the pore pressure coefficient (B ═ Δ u/Δ σ, B is the pore pressure coefficient, Δ σ is the confining pressure increment, Δ u is the pore pressure increment) to check the saturation of the sample, and when the confining pressure is changed by 1MPa, the pore pressure also changes by 1MPa, we obtain the pore pressure coefficient of 1.0, and have reached the experimental requirements.
From the experimental result, the pore pressure coefficient reaches 1.0, which indicates that the rock soil sample is completely saturated. Because the sample can the batched preparation, when carrying out a series of experiments, we can once only finish the sample preparation, when carrying out the experiment, can directly select one, convenient and fast, still because the ammonia is easily dissolved in water, the ammonia in the sample hole can dissolve rapidly in a second with water contact back, the negative pressure of formation can let the faster seepage flow of water to all holes, consequently, before carrying out triaxial shear test, required time is less than an hour altogether, it is consuming time very short, and all holes all can be full of easily the seepage flow under the negative pressure effect.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments are only given as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. These new embodiments can be implemented in other various ways, and various omissions, substitutions, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the present invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (6)
1. The rock soil sample ammonia gas saturation experimental method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. sample preparation: developing a split mold with the diameter larger than that of a standard sample by 1.0-1.5 mm, sleeving a rubber film in the mold after the mold is closed, then tamping the sample in the mold in a layering manner according to certain soil body dry density and water content, and then placing the sample and the mold in a constant temperature box for drying;
b. vacuumizing and ammonia gas injection: after the sample is dried, placing the mold and the sample in a closed container, vacuumizing and injecting sufficient ammonia gas;
c. filling the sample in a three-shaft manner to supplement ammonia gas: before a triaxial experiment is carried out, a sample and a mould are placed on a base of a triaxial pressure chamber, then an opposite-open mould is taken down, a pressure chamber cover is installed, confining pressure liquid is injected, confining pressure is loaded, certain ammonia gas is additionally injected from the bottom of a soil sample in the sample installation process, a connecting body at the top of the sample is changed into a tube, and when no bubble escapes from the tube in an observation body change tube, the ammonia gas is considered to be filled;
d. saturated water of the sample: and (3) utilizing a communicating vessel principle to carry out water head saturation on the sample, keeping the water head difference between 19.5cm and 20.6cm, keeping the water head saturation for 30 to 40min when the amount of water injected into the sample is equal to the amount of water flowing out, coating the water flowing out with blue litmus test paper, checking the color change of the test paper, and stopping the water head saturation until the test paper does not change color any more.
2. The ammonia gas saturation experimental method for the rock-soil sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the diameter of the die is 40.1-4.6mm, and the diameter of the sample suitable for the die is 3.91 cm.
3. The ammonia saturation experimental method for the rock-soil sample according to claim 2, wherein in the step a, the sample is compacted in a mould in a layering manner according to the dry density and the water content of the certain soil body, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
preparing a sample soil body into a cylindrical sample with the height of 7-8cm and the diameter of 3.9cm, tamping the sample soil body into five layers, wherein each layer is 1.6cm, and scraping the surface of the sample soil body by using iron wires after one layer is tamped, so that the layers are well connected.
4. The ammonia gas saturation experimental method for the rock soil samples according to claim 2, wherein in the step a, the drying temperature is 40-40.5 ℃, and the drying time is 24 hours.
5. The method for testing ammonia saturation of the rock soil sample according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, when sufficient ammonia gas is injected, the sample needs to be continuously filled at room temperature for 7 days, so that the ammonia gas completely fills the pores of the sample.
6. The method for the ammonia gas saturation experiment on the rock-soil sample according to claim 1, wherein ammonia gas can be filled in the steps a and b of the batch sample, and the batch sample is selected during later-stage experiment.
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| CN201710607311.8A CN107687977B (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Rock soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method |
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| CN201710607311.8A CN107687977B (en) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Rock soil sample ammonia saturation experimental method |
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| CN107687977A CN107687977A (en) | 2018-02-13 |
| CN107687977B true CN107687977B (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| CN109060476A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-21 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of simple shear test remodeling sand sample preparation device and preparation method thereof |
| CN111735708B (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2021-08-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Water-ammonia composite fracturing rock test method based on tracing technology |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010181232A (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-19 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Method of preparing test sample for triaxial test |
| CN103048174A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-17 | 大连理工大学 | Triaxial sample preparation device for low-liquid limit silty soil and sample preparation method |
| CN103344747A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-09 | 兰州大学 | Technical method for shortening saturation time of silty clay |
| CN106769334A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-31 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | A kind of triaxial test soil sample saturation device and method |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010181232A (en) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-19 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Method of preparing test sample for triaxial test |
| CN103048174A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-17 | 大连理工大学 | Triaxial sample preparation device for low-liquid limit silty soil and sample preparation method |
| CN103344747A (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2013-10-09 | 兰州大学 | Technical method for shortening saturation time of silty clay |
| CN106769334A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-05-31 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | A kind of triaxial test soil sample saturation device and method |
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