CN107685193A - Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device - Google Patents
Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107685193A CN107685193A CN201710829978.2A CN201710829978A CN107685193A CN 107685193 A CN107685193 A CN 107685193A CN 201710829978 A CN201710829978 A CN 201710829978A CN 107685193 A CN107685193 A CN 107685193A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000538562 Banjos Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/146—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing a liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
- B23K26/706—Protective screens
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of welding equipment, disclose a kind of pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device, including hollow tungsten electrode, tungsten electrode folder, Vacuum container, insulation tracheae, laser, laser holder, high transparent glass, welding gun ectosome, electric conductor, shading ring, adapting rod, adapter, conducting rod insulation sleeve, gas adapter, negative pressure of vacuum joint, upper and lower insulator and gas hood, top nut, lower end nut, locking nut, pulse electromagnetic valve, negative pressure of vacuum table, pressure vessel, aspiration pump.The technical program ensures the stability of welding process, improves lockhole TIG welding quality, makes weld shape more reasonable, welding process is more stable, operative constraint arc shape simultaneously, reduce weld heat-affected zone, strengthen electric arc penetration power, electric arc produces concussion effect, seam organization is refined, coordinates laser enhancing effect, optimizes welding seam deep width ratio, appearance of weld is more attractive in appearance, realizes the lifting and optimization of weldquality and welding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention is related to technical field of welding equipment, more particularly to pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld
Device.
Background technology
Lockhole TIG（K-TIG）Welding technique is by Government Of Australia Commw Scient Ind Res Org（CSIRO）Open
A kind of one way full penetration weld welding technique of high speed of hair, compared with traditional TIG is welded, it is adjusted by Butt welding gun structure,
Realize the Fast Cooling to tungsten electrode so that arc energy and arc pressure are dramatically increased, while one can be formed in welding process
Individual highly stable, self-correction full penetration aperture, the perforation type welding similar to perforation type plasma arc is formed, is realized
The high-quality welding of big thick parts.Material of the usual thickness in below 16mm（Such as ferritic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, double
Phase stainless steel, titanium alloy, zircaloy etc.）Both need not fill silk also without bevel, but can be with than traditional TIG weld technology
Fast 100 times of speed is welded, and realizes single-side welding double-side forming, and the more traditional TIG welderings of production efficiency greatly improve.But welding
When connecing slab, lockhole TIG is because electric current is larger and arc shape is more unfolded compared with plasma arc so that heat affected area scope
It is larger, while keyhole shape is in bowl-type, penetration section is very narrow, is difficult to obtain suitable parameter in actual application, therefore only
The higher metal of liquid surface tension coefficient can be welded, such as titanium alloy, application are extremely restricted with practicality.
Laser welding technology be by the use of high-energy-density laser beam as thermal source a kind of high-efficiency and precision welding method.With
Traditional welding method is compared, and Laser Welding is due to power density is high, speed of welding is fast, heat input is small and post welding distortion
It is small to wait remarkable advantage, it is widely used in industrial circles such as automobile making, shipbuilding, Aero-Space, electronics at present.But
It is the shortcomings of laser welding is simultaneously there is also welding quality unstable, material to laser reflectivity height, joint performance difference.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of strong welder of penetration power of stabilization.
To realize object above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld fills
Put, including the tungsten electrode folder of hollow tungsten electrode, the hollow tungsten electrode of clamping and the coaxially connected Vacuum container of hollow tungsten electrode and insulation tracheae
（Hollow tungsten electrode, Vacuum container, insulation tracheae and the axiality of negative pressure of vacuum joint outer surface are below 3 μm）, laser, swash
Light device fixed mount, the high transparent glass being arranged between laser and hollow tungsten electrode central cavity, welding gun ectosome, electric conductor, every
From ring, adapting rod, adapter, conducting rod insulation sleeve, gas adapter, negative pressure of vacuum joint, rise insulation protection it is upper absolutely
Edge body, lower insulator and gas hood, the top nut having locking effect, lower end nut, locking nut, pulse electromagnetic valve, vacuum pressure
Power table, pressure vessel, aspiration pump.
Lower insulator respectively with the contact surface of electric conductor and welding gun ectosome at be provided with groove, between them formed two
Water channel；Lower insulator connects cooling water inlet pipe, welding gun ectosome connection cooling water outlet；Two aquaporins pass through lower insulator
On the through hole that opens up be connected, by circulation of the cooling water between two aquaporins, pressure cooling is carried out to tungsten electrode and welding gun.
Cooling water flows into lower insulator by adapter, and electric conductor and welding gun ectosome are flowed to respectively by two water channels of lower insulator, cold
But the flowing cooling tungsten electrode of water water channel between lower insulator and electric conductor, cooling water water channel between lower insulator and electric conductor
Flowing cooling welding tool.
Negative pressure of vacuum joint is provided with insulation upper tracheal, is connected with insulation tracheae, Vacuum container and hollow tungsten electrode, with
Pulse electromagnetic valve, pressure vessel and aspiration pump collective effect reach pulsed negative pressure state, operative constraint arc shape, reduce weldering
Heat affected area is stitched, strengthens electric arc penetration power, and the negative pressure state pulsed can make electric arc produce concussion effect, have stirring to molten bath
Effect, seam organization is refined, coordinate laser enhancing effect, optimize welding seam deep width ratio, appearance of weld is more attractive in appearance.
Pulse electromagnetic valve is controlled by pulse signal generator, and pulsed negative pressure frequency range is 0 ~ 1KHz.
Insulation tracheae and Vacuum container are hollow frustums, and hollow tungsten electrode is symmetric pyramid, and cone polar diameter is 6 ~ 12mm,
Insulation tracheae, Vacuum container and hollow tungsten electrode cone angle are 60 °, and its endoporus forms pulsed negative pressure state and transmission for pumping
Laser.The cone-shaped inner hole is easy to converge laser, laser power density is evenly distributed, and increases laser power density, obtains bigger
Welding penetration.
Forming face contacts between welding gun gas hood and welding gun ectosome, and joint face scribbles heat-conducting silicone grease, ensures effectively dissipating for heat
Lose.
Laser is edge emitting type semiconductor, and wavelength 1064nm, spot diameter is 0.1mm after light beam focuses on, and power is
750W。
O-ring seal is equipped between lower insulator and electric conductor and lower insulator and welding gun ectosome.
Upper insulator and lower insulator are high-strength insulating plastics, and shading ring is ceramic material.
Laser is fixed on directly over laser gas conversion head by the laser holder of lockhole welding gun upper end, and injection swashs
Light passes through the transmission of light path system and goes out the focusing of shaven head, central into lockhole welding gun gun body, is inserted through the center of hollow electrode
Hole, successively through too high transparent glass, negative pressure of vacuum joint central cavity, insulation trachea centre cavity, Vacuum container central hollow
Projected after chamber, center tungsten electrode central cavity.
Adapter top is equipped with sheet glass, for passing through laser and preventing gas from being overflowed from upside, ensures negative pressure state.
Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device of the present invention is that laser beam focuses on welding through hollow tungsten electrode
The surface of workpiece, laser beam realize welding with lockhole TIG electric arcs collective effect in same molten bath, and to 8-14mm, fill silk feelings
8-16mm material to be welded has good welding effect under condition.Tapered hollow lockhole TIG weld device, by laser internal or
Strengthen outside person, lockhole TIG is realized stable small size keyhole shape dynamic control in molten bath bottom, ensure the steady of welding process
It is qualitative, lockhole TIG welding quality is improved, makes weld shape more reasonable, welding process is more stable, while pulsation is taken out very
Empty device forms subnormal ambient on hollow tungsten electrode top, and operative constraint arc shape reduces weld heat-affected zone, and enhancing electric arc is worn
Saturating power, and the negative pressure state pulsed can make electric arc produce concussion effect, the effect for having stirring to molten bath, refine seam organization, match somebody with somebody
Close laser enhancing effect, optimize welding seam deep width ratio, appearance of weld is more attractive in appearance, realize the lifting of weldquality and welding efficiency with
Optimization.Specifically have the advantage that：
1. by laser enhancing, lockhole TIG is realized stable pierce state in molten bath bottom, ensure the stabilization of welding process
Property, improve lockhole TIG weld contour and welding quality；
2. pulsed negative pressure state can operative constraint arc shape, reduce weld heat-affected zone, strengthen electric arc penetration power, and pulse
Negative pressure state can make electric arc produce concussion effect, have the effect of stirring to molten bath, refine seam organization, coordinate laser enhancing to make
With optimizing welding seam deep width ratio, appearance of weld is more attractive in appearance
3. because the form of laser is more shunk, the heat input of lockhole TIG electric arcs, contracting can reduced in the case of equal fusion penetration
The scope of small heat affected area, improve tissue；
4. lockhole TIG electric arcs mutually strengthen with laser, electric arc has emollescence to workpiece surface, can dilute light to a certain extent
Plasma and metallic vapour are caused, reduces reflectivity of the metal surface to laser, improves laser utilization.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2：Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device of the present invention is welded to connect figure.
Wherein：1. high transparent glass；2. laser holder；3. top blind flange；4. upper cap nut；5. upper insulator；6. lead
Electric body；7. Vacuum container；8. lower insulator；9. shading ring；10. tungsten electrode presss from both sides；11. locking nut；12. gas hood；13. hollow tungsten
Pole；14. lower end nut；15. welding gun ectosome；16. adapter；17. junction pole；18. conducting rod insulation sleeve；19. gas adapter；
20. insulate tracheae；21. negative pressure of vacuum joint；22. laser；23. optical fiber；24. gas pulses electromagnetic valve；25. pressure gauge；
26. pressure vessel；27. aspiration pump.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in figure 1, pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device, including high transparent glass 1, laser are solid
Determine frame 2, top blind flange 3, upper cap nut 4, upper insulator 5, electric conductor 6, Vacuum container 7, lower insulator 8, shading ring 9, tungsten electrode
Folder 10, locking nut 11, gas hood 12, hollow tungsten electrode 13, lower end nut 14, welding gun ectosome 15, adapter 16, junction pole 17, lead
Electric pole insulation sleeve 18, gas adapter 19, insulation tracheae 20, negative pressure of vacuum joint 21, laser 22, optical fiber 23, pulse electromagnetic
Valve 24, pressure vacuum gauge 25, pressure vessel 26, aspiration pump 27.Hollow tungsten electrode 13 passes through locking screw by the clamping of tungsten electrode folder 10
Mother 11 is fixed on electric conductor 6, and electric conductor 6 is assemblied in welding gun ectosome 15, its upper/lower terminal be separately installed with upper insulator 5,
Lower insulator 6, top blind flange 3 carry out longitudinally fixed under the locking effect of upper cap nut 4 to welder internals；In order to protect
Card pumping gas circuit is smooth, and the hollow top of tungsten electrode 13 is sequentially arranged with Vacuum container 7, insulation tracheae 20, negative pressure of vacuum joint 21.
Lower end nut 14 is locked gas hood 12 and welding gun ectosome 15 by a boss, shading ring 9 be installed in gas hood 12 with
Between electric conductor 6, play a part of the gas circuit that insulate and change.Junction pole 17 is connected with electric conductor 6, gas conversion head 19 with it is upper absolutely
Edge body 5 is connected, and adapter 16 is connected with lower insulator 8.
Laser 22 is fixed on directly over laser gas conversion head 21 by laser holder 2, the laser warp of injection
Cross successively through too high transparent glass 1, the central cavity of negative pressure of vacuum joint 21, gases at high pressure insulation jackscrew 20 central cavity, vacuum
Projected after the central cavity of negative tube 7, the central cavity of hollow tungsten electrode 13.
O-ring seal, lower insulation are equipped between lower insulator 8 and electric conductor 6, and lower insulator 8 and welding gun ectosome 15
Body 8 forms two aquaporins between electric conductor 6 and welding gun ectosome 15 respectively；Lower insulator 8 connects cooling water inlet pipe 16, weldering
Rifle ectosome 15 connects cooling water outlet；Two aquaporins are connected by the through hole opened up on lower insulator, respectively to tungsten electrode
Circulating cooling is carried out with welding gun.
The hollow end of tungsten electrode 13 is symmetric pyramid, a diameter of 6 ~ 12mm, and end cone angle is 60 °, and its endoporus is taper hole, taper
For 1/10, its endoporus forms pulsed negative pressure state and transmission laser for pumping, and wherein tungsten electrode lower end diameter of bore is 0.2mm.
Upper insulator and lower insulator are high-strength insulating plastics, and shading ring 9 is ceramic material.The source of welding current is from safe WSME- difficult to understand
630 type welding machines, electric current is adjustable in 20 ~ 630A, and pulse current, frequency, dutycycle can be preset in high precision during DC reverse connection.
Cooling water circulation equipment choosing CW-5300 type cooling-water machines, cooling water temperature are minimum up to 1.5 DEG C.
Throat thickness is 12mm 304 stainless steels, and welding point form is banjo fixing butt jointing, confirms that cooling water follows before weldering successively
Ring, conductive channel connection, gas channel effect, water, electricity, gas connection is established during welding successively, first opens cooling water recirculation system,
Startup power supply, start to weld after setting suitable parameter.As shown in Fig. 2 first pumping makes pressure vessel reach negative pressure shape before welding
State, the later on lockhole TIG weld power supply starting the arc, after arc stability, pulse electromagnetic valve is controlled with pulse signal generator,
Hollow tungsten electrode is set to be internally formed pulsed negative pressure state, negative pressure frequency is 100Hz, finally opens Laser Power Devices, laser beam foucing exists
Molten bath bottom, is be combined with each other by laser enhancing and pulsed negative pressure, operative constraint arc shape, makes lockhole TIG in molten bath bottom
Stable small size keyhole shape dynamic control is realized, effectively reduces weld heat-affected zone, optimizes welding seam deep width ratio, guarantee was welded
The stability of journey, make weld shape more reasonable, appearance of weld is more attractive in appearance, realize the lifting of weldquality and welding efficiency with
Optimization.
Embodiment only illustrates technical scheme, rather than carries out any restrictions to it；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can be to previous embodiment institute
The technical scheme of record is modified, or carries out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；And these modifications or substitutions, and
The essence of appropriate technical solution is not set to depart from the spirit and scope of claimed technical solution of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device, it is characterised in that：Including hollow tungsten electrode, the hollow tungsten electrode of clamping
Tungsten electrode folder, the Vacuum container coaxially connected with hollow tungsten electrode and insulate tracheae, laser, laser holder, be arranged on
High transparent glass, welding gun ectosome between laser and hollow tungsten electrode central cavity, electric conductor, shading ring, adapting rod, switching
Head, conducting rod insulation sleeve, gas adapter, negative pressure of vacuum joint, upper insulator, the lower insulator of an insulation protection are gentle
The upper cap nut that cover, has locking effect, lower end nut, locking nut, pulse electromagnetic valve, pressure vacuum gauge, pressure vessel and take out
Air pump.
2. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Under described
Insulator forms two water channels between electric conductor and welding gun ectosome respectively；Lower insulator connects cooling water inlet pipe, outside welding gun
Body connects cooling water outlet；Two aquaporins are connected by the through hole opened up on lower insulator, by cooling water at two
Circulation between aquaporin, pressure cooling is carried out to tungsten electrode and welding gun.
3. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In described
Empty tungsten electrode end is symmetric pyramid, and a diameter of 6 ~ 12mm, upper and lower end parts cone angle is 60 °.
4. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In described
Empty tungsten electrode endoporus is taper hole, and taper 1/10, tungsten electrode lower end diameter of bore is 0.2mm.
5. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The weldering
Forming face contacts between rifle gas hood and welding gun ectosome, and joint face scribbles heat-conducting silicone grease, ensures effectively scattering and disappearing for heat.
6. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to swash
Light device is edge emitting type semiconductor, and wavelength 1064nm, spot diameter is 0.1mm, power 750W after light beam focuses on.
7. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Under described
O-ring seal is equipped between insulator and electric conductor and lower insulator and welding gun ectosome.
8. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：On described
Insulator and lower insulator are high-strength insulating plastics, and shading ring is ceramic material.
9. pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The arteries and veins
Rush electromagnetic valve to be controlled by pulse signal generator, pulsed negative pressure frequency range is 0 ~ 1KHz.
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| CN201710829978.2A CN107685193A (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2017-09-15 | Pulsed negative pressure laser enhancing type lockhole TIG weld device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110666355A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-10 | 西南交通大学 | Welding gun head, laser arc composite welding device and method |
| CN117680818A (en) * | 2024-02-01 | 2024-03-12 | 山东鲁控电力设备有限公司 | Multi-station laser welding device for tubular part |
| CN118023712A (en) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-05-14 | 上海工程技术大学 | Negative pressure hollow tungsten electrode arc-laser coaxial composite welding method |
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