Background
With the continuous expansion of the pollution-free agricultural market, the organic fertilizer gradually becomes an irreplaceable fertilizer in the production process of green food. The wormcast is a high-efficiency organic fertilizer which is gradually developed recently, has the characteristic of reasonably combining organic matters, microorganisms and growth factors, and can realize the purposes of increasing fertility, resisting diseases and nourishing soil, thereby improving the soil environment. The content of organic matters in the wormcast organic fertilizer is about 40% generally, and the organic matters are easily absorbed by plants. After the organic fertilizer is applied to soil, the formation of a soil granular structure can be remarkably promoted, the soil fertility, the water retention property and the permeability are improved, and the microbial biomass of the soil is increased, so that the absorption and storage capacity of the soil to nutrients is enhanced. The wormcast has a high specific surface area, and can obviously increase the contact chance of soil and air, thereby fundamentally solving the problem of soil hardening and improving the disease resistance of crops. The wormcast has the characteristics of bio-organic fertilizer, amino acid fertilizer, humic acid fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and the like, and field experiments carried out in partial areas of China show that the wormcast can effectively improve the quality of crops.
Besides the earthworm cast organic fertilizer, the earthworm living body obtained in the earthworm cast production also has higher economic value. The earthworm is a treasure, and can be processed into various fertilizers and feeds, and can also be used as a medicinal raw material, such as earthworm powder. The by-product obtained after the earthworm living body is comprehensively processed has high application value in the fields of soil improvement, medicine, health care, cosmetics and the like. However, in the earthworm cast production process at present, earthworm cast and earthworm living body still mainly rely on manual operation to separate, and efficiency is lower and the cost of labor is higher, and the separator of efficient earthworm and earthworm cast organic fertilizer is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a separating device for synchronously collecting earthworms and wormcast, which can quickly realize automatic and efficient separation of earthworm living bodies and wormcast.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a device for synchronously collecting earthworm and earthworm cast comprises
An annular groove;
a sample receiving groove;
scraping the material;
and the rotation driving mechanism can drive the annular groove and/or the scraping piece to move so as to enable the annular groove and the scraping piece to rotate relatively, and the scraping piece scrapes materials in the annular groove into the sample receiving groove.
As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the rotation driving mechanism includes a central shaft disposed at an axis of the annular groove, and the annular groove is connected to the central shaft and can rotate synchronously with the central shaft.
The improved sample receiving groove is characterized by further comprising a support frame, the scraping piece is arranged on the support frame above the annular groove, and the tops of the annular groove and the sample receiving groove are open.
As the improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the sample receiving groove is annular and is arranged at the periphery of the annular groove, and a sweepback inclination angle is formed between the radial direction of the scraping piece and the annular groove and at the rear side of the rotation direction of the central shaft.
The scraping pieces are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular groove and comprise flat scraping pieces and sawtooth scraping pieces which are sequentially arranged at intervals.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the bottom of the scraping member forms a scraping end face, the scraping member comprises a first scraping member located at the foremost end and a last scraping member located at the rearmost end along the rotation direction of the annular groove, and the scraping end faces of the scraping members are sequentially reduced from the first scraping member to the last scraping member along the rotation direction of the annular groove.
As further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the inner side wall plate of the annular groove far away from the sample receiving groove is higher than the outer side wall plate close to the sample receiving groove.
As further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, a sample feeding hopper is arranged above the annular groove on the supporting frame.
As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom of the annular groove and the sample receiving groove are provided with a support structure, and the support structure comprises a rolling body seat and a rolling body arranged on the rolling body seat for supporting the annular groove and/or the sample receiving groove.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the rotation driving mechanism further comprises a motor arranged on the support frame, and the motor is in transmission connection with the central shaft through a bevel gear.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the technical scheme, the annular groove is used as a basic structure of the earthworm cast separating device, and earthworms and earthworm casts are continuously added into the annular groove. Under the drive of the rotary driving mechanism, the annular groove and the scraping piece rotate relatively, with the help of the scraping piece, the surface layer soil is gradually scraped, and the scraped soil falls into the sample receiving groove. Meanwhile, the earthworm living bodies gradually move to the deep part of the annular groove and are continuously accumulated in the deep part of the groove, so that the earthworm living bodies are enriched and collected. According to the technical scheme, the earthworm living body and the earthworm cast can be quickly and efficiently separated.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the detailed structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. The structural features of the respective parts of the present invention will be described in detail below, and if directions (up, down, left, right, front, and rear) are described, the structure shown in fig. 2 is referred to for description, but the practical use direction of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The invention provides a separating device for synchronously collecting earthworms and wormcast, which comprises
An annular groove 8;
a sample receiving groove 9;
10-17 of a scraping piece;
the rotary driving mechanism can drive the annular groove 8 and/or the scraping pieces 10-17 to move so that the annular groove 8 and the scraping pieces 10-17 rotate relatively, and materials in the annular groove 8 are scraped into the sample receiving groove 9 through the scraping pieces 10-17.
The basic principle of the invention is that the earthworms have the basic characteristics of light and heat protection and can continuously move to the deep parts of the habitats under the stimulation of mechanical vibration and illumination. According to the technical scheme, the annular groove is used as a basic structure of the earthworm cast separating device, and earthworms and earthworm casts are continuously added into the annular groove 8. Under the drive of the rotary driving mechanism, the annular groove 8 and the scraping parts 10-17 rotate relatively, and with the help of the scraping parts 10-17, the surface layer soil is scraped step by step and the scraped soil falls into the sample receiving groove 9. Meanwhile, the living earthworms gradually move to the deep part of the annular groove 8 and continuously accumulate in the deep part of the groove, so that the living earthworms are enriched and collected. According to the technical scheme, the earthworm living body and the earthworm cast can be quickly and efficiently separated.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the annular groove 8 is rotated, while the scraper elements 10-17 are designed in a stationary manner. The rotation driving mechanism comprises a central shaft 20 arranged at the axis of the annular groove 8, and the annular groove 8 is connected with the central shaft 20 through a rotating bracket 6 and can rotate synchronously with the central shaft 20. The support frame 4 is preferably a flat plate, and the four corners of the support frame 4 are simultaneously provided with bases which are supported on the ground. Scrape material spare 10-17 and install on the support frame 4 of annular groove 8 top, annular groove 8 is uncovered with the top that connects appearance groove 9, for improving the removal efficiency of earthworm, still can carry out the illumination operation when carrying out mechanical stimulation simultaneously for the moving speed of earthworm to 8 depths of annular groove, thereby make earthworm and earthworm excrement change the separation. A light source is arranged above the annular groove 8. The light source used for the illumination operation is direct light, and the light source is arranged above the annular groove. Because the earthworm excrement separation is performed in indoor environment, an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, an infrared lamp and other artificial light sources can be used.
The sample receiving groove 9 is annular and is arranged at the periphery of the annular groove 8, a backswept inclination angle (30 degrees) is formed between the scraping parts 10-17 and the annular groove 8 in the radial direction and on the rear side of the rotation direction of the central shaft 20, and the angles of the scraping parts 10-17 can be adjusted through the scraping part support 7.
In order to improve the working efficiency, the scraping parts 10-17 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the annular groove 8, the scraping parts 10-17 comprise flat scraping parts 11, 13, 15 and 17 and sawtooth scraping parts 10, 12, 14 and 16 which play a role in loosening surface layer soil and scraping and taking surface layer soil, and the flat scraping parts 11, 13, 15 and 17 and the sawtooth scraping parts 10, 12, 14 and 16 are sequentially arranged at intervals.
The bottom of the scraping parts 10-17 forms a scraping end face, the scraping parts 10-17 comprise a head scraping part located at the foremost end and a tail scraping part located at the rearmost end along the rotation direction of the annular groove 8, the scraping end faces of the scraping parts 10-17 from the head scraping part to the tail scraping part along the rotation direction of the annular groove are sequentially reduced, namely the height of the scraping part 11 is lower than that of the scraping part 10, the scraping part 12 is lower than that of the scraping part 11, and the like.
In order to enable the scraped wormcast to fall on the annular sample receiving groove 9, the inner side wall plate of the annular groove 8 far away from the sample receiving groove 9 is higher than the outer side wall plate close to the sample receiving groove 9.
And a sample feeding hopper 3 is arranged above the annular groove 8 on the support frame 4, so that a mixture of the earthworm adults and the earthworm cast is added into the annular groove 8.
The bottom of the annular groove 8 and the sample receiving groove 9 are provided with a supporting structure, and the supporting structure comprises a rolling body seat 21 and a rolling body 22 arranged on the rolling body seat 21 and used for supporting the annular groove 8 and/or the sample receiving groove 9. For assisting the rotation of the annular groove 8 and the sample receiving groove 9.
The rotation driving mechanism further comprises a motor 1 arranged on the support frame 4, and the motor 1 is in transmission connection with the central shaft 20 through a bevel gear 2. That is, the motor 1 and the central shaft 20 are coupled with each other through the bevel gear 2, the motor 1 drives the central shaft 20 to rotate through the bevel gear 2, and the other end of the central shaft 20 is connected with the central shaft base 18 through the ball bearing 19.
The specific separation steps are as follows:
the diameter of the device is 2.4 meters, wherein the diameter of the rotating bracket is 1 meter, the width of the annular groove is 0.4 meter, and the width of the sample receiving groove is 0.3 meter. The bottom of the annular groove is 1 meter from the ground, and the height of the combined framework of the device from the ground is 1.3 meters. The rotational speed of the annular groove was 1 revolution/minute.
The earthworm adult and the earthworm cast are mixed together and fall into the annular groove 8 from the sampling hopper 3, the annular groove 8 and the annular sample receiving groove 9 synchronously rotate (the rotating speed is 1 revolution per minute) according to the direction of an arrow v, and the earthworm and earthworm cast mixture continuously enters the annular groove 8 from the sampling hopper 3. The mixture in the annular groove 8 is subjected to the action of a scraper member during rotation. One half scrapes the material spare for the sawtooth scrapes the material spare, and other half is the flat material spare of scraping of no sawtooth, scrapes the operation to the deep of perching the bed in proper order from first scraping the material spare. The function of the scraper is that the saw-tooth scraping piece scrapes the surface soil into a ridge shape, scrapes a small amount of soil and simultaneously makes the earthworms move to the deep; and scraping the surface layer soil with a flat scraping piece, and dropping the scraped soil to an annular sample receiving groove 9. The saw-tooth scraping piece scrapes the surface soil into a ridge shape, and then the flat scraping piece scrapes the surface soil, and so on. In order to facilitate scraping of the manure, the installed scraping element should have a certain inclination with respect to the v direction. As earthworms accumulate towards the bottom of the annular groove, dense earthworms are left at the bottom of the annular groove, and the device can be stopped to take out the earthworms.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.