CN107681864B - Composite rotary energy collector - Google Patents

Composite rotary energy collector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107681864B
CN107681864B CN201711103110.0A CN201711103110A CN107681864B CN 107681864 B CN107681864 B CN 107681864B CN 201711103110 A CN201711103110 A CN 201711103110A CN 107681864 B CN107681864 B CN 107681864B
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China
Prior art keywords
friction plate
disc
fixed
fixing ring
conductive metal
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CN201711103110.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107681864A (en
Inventor
陈涛
杨湛
刘会聪
孙立宁
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Suzhou University
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Suzhou University
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Priority to CN201711103110.0A priority Critical patent/CN107681864B/en
Priority to US16/312,202 priority patent/US11228259B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/112130 priority patent/WO2019090820A1/en
Publication of CN107681864A publication Critical patent/CN107681864A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N1/00Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
    • H02N1/04Friction generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02Details
    • H02K21/021Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
    • H02K21/022Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
    • H02K21/025Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the thickness of the air gap between field and armature
    • H02K21/026Axial air gap machines

Abstract

The application relates to an energy collector comprising: a base; an electromagnetic coil fixed in the base; a disc-shaped stator magnet fixed at the center of the base; a friction plate fixing ring fixed on the base; at least one friction plate unit fixed on the inner side of the friction plate fixing ring, and a disc-shaped rotor magnet with the bottom in contact with the electromagnetic coil, wherein the disc-shaped rotor magnet is attracted by the disc-shaped stator magnet, and the outer surface of the disc-shaped rotor magnet is tangent to the outer surface of the disc-shaped stator magnet; and an annular friction plate fixed to the disc-shaped rotor magnet; wherein the annular friction plate and the friction plate are made of materials with different polarities. The energy collector is simple in structure and high in electric energy output efficiency.

Description

Composite rotary energy collector
Technical Field
The present application relates to energy harvesting, and in particular to energy collectors.
Background
The wireless sensor network technology is widely applied to the aspects of military, intelligent transportation, environmental monitoring and the like. The complexity of the sensor node deployment environment and the specificity of the practical application requirements determine that the node power supply cannot utilize a normal power system to supply power, and the problems of high cost, short service life, troublesome replacement and the like exist in a battery power supply mode. The natural environment has various rich energy sources, and the energy collection technology is a technology for obtaining energy from the external environment and converting the energy into electric energy, and is a potential way for solving the power supply problem of the wireless sensing node. Collecting the kinetic energy of the environment and converting the kinetic energy into electric energy, has the advantages of green environmental protection, wide sources and long-term work.
However, due to the low frequency and wide frequency band of the vibration source in the environment, the randomness of the vibration amplitude, frequency and direction is large, the current resonant vibration energy collector often has a narrow working frequency band and a single vibration direction, so that the common problems are that the applicable vibration range is narrow, the output power density is low, and the self-power requirement of the wireless sensing node is difficult to meet.
The traditional technology has the following technical problems:
at present, the vibration energy collecting device is generally high in working frequency (more than 10 Hz), narrow in working frequency band and single in vibration direction, and poor in environmental adaptability. The device has low electric quantity output in a low-frequency vibration environment less than 10Hz, and the output of an energy collector with a single mechanism is limited, so that the power supply requirement of a low-power consumption sensing node cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, it is necessary to provide an energy collector with a simple structure and high power output efficiency.
An energy collector, comprising:
a base;
an electromagnetic coil fixed in the base;
a disc-shaped stator magnet fixed at the center of the base;
a friction plate fixing ring fixed on the base;
the friction plate unit comprises a conductive metal plate and a friction plate tightly attached to one surface of the conductive metal plate or comprises an elastic substrate, a conductive metal plate positioned on one surface of the elastic substrate and a friction plate tightly attached to the conductive metal plate, or comprises a conductive metal plate and two friction plates tightly attached to two surfaces of the conductive metal plate or comprises an elastic substrate, two conductive metal plates respectively positioned on two surfaces of the elastic substrate and two friction plates respectively tightly attached to the two conductive metal plates;
a disc-shaped rotor magnet having a bottom in contact with the electromagnetic coil, wherein the disc-shaped rotor magnet is attracted by the disc-shaped stator magnet, and an outer surface of the disc-shaped rotor magnet is tangent to an outer surface of the disc-shaped stator magnet; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
An annular friction plate fixed to the disc-shaped rotor magnet;
wherein the annular friction plate and the friction plate are made of materials with different polarities.
The energy collector is simple in structure and high in electric energy output efficiency.
In another embodiment, the friction plate is made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer and the annular friction plate is made of copper.
In another embodiment, the number of the friction plate units is two, three or four, and the friction plate units are annularly and uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the friction plate fixing ring.
In another embodiment, four electromagnetic coil grooves are annularly and uniformly distributed in the base; the electromagnetic coil consists of 4 first electromagnetic coils which are connected in series; the four first electromagnetic coil groups are respectively fixed in the four electromagnetic coil grooves.
In another embodiment, the conductive metal sheet is a copper sheet.
In a further embodiment, the elastic substrate is made of rubber or paper or plastic.
In another embodiment, the friction plate fixing ring comprises four friction plate fixing ring plates fixed together; the friction plate fixing ring piece comprises a friction plate fixing ring piece main body and fixing lugs formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring piece main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole; two adjacent friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through fixing through holes on respective fixing lugs by bolts.
In another embodiment, the friction plate fixing ring comprises two friction plate fixing ring plates fixed together; the friction plate fixing ring piece comprises a friction plate fixing ring piece main body and fixing lugs formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring piece main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole; the two friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through the fixing through holes on the respective fixing lugs by bolts.
In another embodiment, the disc-shaped stator magnet is fixed at the center of the base by bolts or the disc-shaped stator magnet is fixed at the center of the base by fixing glue.
In another embodiment, a top cover covering the friction plate securing ring is also included.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application (with a top cover removed).
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application (with the top cover, the friction plate fixing ring and the friction plate unit removed).
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a friction plate fixing ring and a friction plate unit in an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a top cover in an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a dynamic schematic diagram of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is an experimental test chart of an electromagnetic power generation part of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is an experimental test chart of a friction generating portion of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, an energy collector, comprising: a base; an electromagnetic coil fixed in the base; a disc-shaped stator magnet fixed at the center of the base; a friction plate fixing ring fixed on the base; at least one friction plate unit fixed on the inner side of the friction plate fixing ring, and a disc-shaped rotor magnet with the bottom in contact with the electromagnetic coil, wherein the disc-shaped rotor magnet is attracted by the disc-shaped stator magnet, and the outer surface of the disc-shaped rotor magnet is tangent to the outer surface of the disc-shaped stator magnet; and an annular friction plate fixed to the disc-shaped rotor magnet; wherein the annular friction plate and the friction plate are made of materials with different polarities.
The shape of the base is not limited in this embodiment, but the base in fig. 1 is only one possible example, and appropriate modifications may be made according to the action of the base.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in another embodiment, four electromagnetic coil grooves are uniformly distributed in the base in an annular shape; the electromagnetic coil consists of 4 first electromagnetic coils which are connected in series; the four first electromagnetic coil groups are respectively fixed in the four electromagnetic coil grooves. In this case, the voltage generated by cutting such coil distribution by the disc-shaped rotor magnet is large. It will be appreciated that this embodiment is given only one possible example. For example, the electromagnetic coil is a single electromagnetic coil or is composed of 2 small electromagnetic coils connected in series, and those skilled in the art can make appropriate modifications according to actual needs.
In another embodiment, the disc-shaped stator magnet is fixed at the center of the base by bolts or the disc-shaped stator magnet is fixed at the center of the base by fixing glue. Of course, the disc-shaped stator magnet may be fixed to the center of the base by other means, such as a snap.
The friction plate fixing ring fixed on the base can be fixed on the base by adopting glue, and a clamping manner can be adopted.
Referring to FIG. 3, in another embodiment, the friction plate locking ring comprises four friction plate locking ring plates that are locked together; the friction plate fixing ring piece comprises a friction plate fixing ring piece main body and fixing lugs formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring piece main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole; two adjacent friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through fixing through holes on respective fixing lugs by bolts. In this way, the friction plate fixing ring is convenient to detach and assemble.
In another embodiment, the friction plate fixing ring comprises two friction plate fixing ring plates fixed together; the friction plate fixing ring piece comprises a friction plate fixing ring piece main body and fixing lugs formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring piece main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole; the two friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through the fixing through holes on the respective fixing lugs by bolts. In this way, the friction plate fixing ring is convenient to detach and assemble.
In another embodiment, the number of the friction plate units is two, three or four, and the friction plate units are annularly and uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the friction plate fixing ring. The power generation effect is better when the number of the friction plate units is two.
The friction plate unit comprises a conductive metal plate and friction plates (a first structure, a conductive metal plate-friction plate) clung to one surface of the conductive metal plate, or comprises an elastic substrate, a conductive metal plate positioned on one surface of the elastic substrate and friction plates clung to the conductive metal plate (a second structure, a conductive metal plate-friction plate), or comprises a conductive metal plate and two friction plates clung to two surfaces of the conductive metal plate (a third structure, a friction plate-conductive metal plate-friction plate), or comprises an elastic substrate, two conductive metal plates respectively positioned on two surfaces of the elastic substrate and two friction plates respectively clung to the two conductive metal plates (a fourth structure, a friction plate-conductive metal plate-elastic substrate-conductive metal plate-friction plate).
With the structure including the two friction plates, the disk-shaped rotor magnet can generate electricity when rotating and rubbing in any direction. With a structure including only one friction plate, the disc-shaped rotor magnet can generate electricity only when rotated and rubbed in a direction in which the friction plate can rub, that is, only one-way friction generation is possible.
With the structure containing the elastic substrate, due to the effect of the elastic substrate, the friction plate unit can return to the original position after being impacted by the disc-shaped rotor magnet, so that the contact area of friction in the next impact friction is ensured to be kept to be maximum.
It is understood that when the number of the friction plate units is at least two, the friction plate units may be arbitrarily combined in four structures.
In another embodiment, the conductive metal sheet is a copper sheet.
In a further embodiment, the elastic substrate is made of rubber or paper or plastic.
The annular friction plate and the friction plate are made of materials with different polarities, which means that the annular friction plate and the friction plate are made of friction materials with opposite polarities. It is understood that the annular friction plate may be a positive polarity friction material, and that the friction plate is a negative polarity friction material, as opposed. Of course, the annular friction plate may be a friction material of negative polarity, and the friction plate may be a friction material of positive polarity, as opposed. When the annular friction plate and the friction plate are rubbed, the surface of the friction material with positive polarity is positively charged, and the surface of the friction material with negative polarity is negatively charged.
In another embodiment, the positive and negative polarity friction material electrodes are metals, alloys, or metal oxides having a resistivity of less than 1mΩ -cm. In another embodiment, the positive polarity friction material is a material that is susceptible to losing an electron positive charge, selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide, glass, nylon, metallic aluminum, metallic copper, or metallic gold. In another embodiment, the negative polarity friction material is a readily available electronically negatively charged material selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, parylene, polydimethylsiloxane, or polyethylene terephthalate.
In another embodiment, the friction plate is made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer and the annular friction plate is made of copper.
Referring to fig. 4, in another embodiment, a top cover 800 covering the friction plate securing ring is also included. The disc-shaped rotor magnet can be prevented from flying out of the base due to the relatively high rotational speed when rotating around the disc-shaped stator magnet, that is, the non-circumferential displacement of the disc-shaped rotor magnet is restricted. The top cover 800 may be fixed with the friction plate fixing ring (fixing glue or a fastening manner such as a buckle). It may also be secured to the base by bolts passing through holes in the top cover 800 and then through holes in the disc-shaped stator magnets. In the embodiment including the top cover 800, the fixing manner of the friction plate fixing ring and the base may be not adopted in the above embodiment (glue or buckle), and the bolts pass through the holes on the top cover 800 and then pass through the holes on the disc-shaped stator magnet to be fixed on the base, and the top cover 800 and the base clamp the friction plate fixing ring, so that the composite rotary energy collector is more flexible to assemble.
One specific application scenario for implementing the present application is described below:
referring to fig. 1-4, an energy collector, comprising: a base 100; a solenoid 200 fixed within the base; a disc-shaped stator magnet 300 fixed at the center of the base; a friction plate fixing ring 400 fixed on the base; the friction plate units 500 are annularly and uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the friction plate fixing ring, each friction plate unit comprises an elastic substrate, two conductive metal plates respectively positioned on two sides of the elastic substrate and two friction plates respectively clung to the two conductive metal plates, the elastic substrate is made of paper sheets, the conductive metal plates are copper sheets, and the friction plates are made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer; a disc-shaped rotor magnet having a bottom in contact with the electromagnetic coil, wherein the disc-shaped rotor magnet is attracted by the disc-shaped stator magnet, and an outer surface of the disc-shaped rotor magnet is tangent to an outer surface of the disc-shaped stator magnet; an annular friction plate 700 fixed to the disc-shaped rotor magnet, the annular friction plate being made of copper; and a top cover 800 covering the friction plate fixing ring. Four electromagnetic coil grooves are annularly and uniformly distributed in the base; the electromagnetic coil consists of 4 first electromagnetic coils which are connected in series; the four first electromagnetic coil groups are respectively fixed in the four electromagnetic coil grooves. The friction plate fixing ring comprises four friction plate fixing ring plates which are fixed together; the friction plate fixing ring plate comprises a friction plate fixing ring plate main body 410 and fixing lugs 420 formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring plate main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole 421; two adjacent friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through fixing through holes on respective fixing lugs by bolts.
Fig. 5 is a dynamic schematic diagram of the working principle of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application, showing that the disc-shaped rotor magnet rotates around the disc-shaped stator magnet almost one full revolution (the upper half from left to right, the lower half from right to left).
Fig. 6 and 7 are experimental test charts of an energy collector according to an embodiment of the present application, which are graphs of output voltages of an electromagnetic power generation part (a disk-shaped rotor magnet and an electromagnetic coil for friction power generation) and a triboelectric effect part (a friction plate and an annular friction plate for friction power generation) when a person runs at a speed of 2,4,6,8km/h on a running machine when the device is fixed on the ankle of the person.
The composite rotary energy collector disclosed by the application is characterized in that a stator magnet and a rotor magnet are introduced, and the rotor magnet rotates around the stator magnet under external low-frequency random excitation and simultaneously moves relative to electromagnetic coils distributed circumferentially, so that electric energy output is generated. The stator magnet and the rotor magnet are disc-shaped structures with certain thickness. The stator magnet is located at the center, and the rotor magnet is attracted to the edge of the stator magnet due to the attractive force between the magnets. The external micro-disturbance can excite the rotor magnet to make reciprocating (first one direction rotates and then the other direction rotates) or circular motion close to the edge of the stator magnet. The rotor of the device does not need other auxiliary rotating structures, and the friction resistance of the device is far smaller than that of other clearance fit rotating structures, such as bearings and the like during rotation. The composite rotary energy collector fixes a copper ring made of metal copper foil on a rotor magnet, and when the rotor magnet rotates in a rapid reciprocating manner, the copper ring can rub against a friction plate made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) copper foil electrode and a substrate, which are fixed on the wall of the device, so that a triboelectric effect is generated, and electric energy can be output. A rotor magnet and a stator magnet are used as media, and a composite rotary energy collector is designed by combining the principles of electromagnetic power generation and triboelectric effect.
The composite rotary energy collector does not need other additional auxiliary vibration such as springs, bearings and the like to realize the relative motion of the rotor magnet and the coil, and the mutual attractive force between the magnets is utilized, so that the composite rotary energy collector is simple in structure and small in friction resistance, and is very easy to realize reciprocating and rotary motion under the excitation of small disturbance; the energy collection in different excitation directions and the high-efficiency output of different excitation frequencies can be realized, and the working frequency is low, the frequency band is wide, and the application range is wide; the device has strong adaptability to the vibration environment and wide application range; the device can be applied to energy collection under more complex vibration working conditions, and can also be applied to random kinetic energy collection of a human body and ocean wave energy collection; the characteristics of the environmental kinetic energy are low vibration frequency, large vibration amplitude, large frequency and direction randomness; when the device works, namely, when the rotor magnet rotates, electromagnetic power generation and triboelectric effect occur simultaneously, and the electric energy output efficiency is improved.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the application, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the application, which are all within the scope of the application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. An energy collector, comprising:
a base;
an electromagnetic coil fixed in the base;
a disc-shaped stator magnet fixed at the center of the base;
a friction plate fixing ring fixed on the base;
the friction plate unit comprises a conductive metal plate and a friction plate tightly attached to one surface of the conductive metal plate or comprises an elastic substrate, a conductive metal plate positioned on one surface of the elastic substrate and a friction plate tightly attached to the conductive metal plate, or comprises a conductive metal plate and two friction plates tightly attached to two surfaces of the conductive metal plate or comprises an elastic substrate, two conductive metal plates respectively positioned on two surfaces of the elastic substrate and two friction plates respectively tightly attached to the two conductive metal plates;
a disc-shaped rotor magnet having a bottom in contact with the electromagnetic coil, wherein the disc-shaped rotor magnet is attracted by the disc-shaped stator magnet, and an outer surface of the disc-shaped rotor magnet is tangent to an outer surface of the disc-shaped stator magnet; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
An annular friction plate fixed to the disc-shaped rotor magnet;
wherein the annular friction plate and the friction plate are made of materials with different electric polarities;
the friction plate is made of fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer, and the annular friction plate is made of copper;
the number of the friction plate units is two, three or four, and the friction plate units are annularly and uniformly distributed on the inner side surface of the friction plate fixing ring.
2. The energy collector of claim 1 wherein four electromagnetic coil grooves are evenly distributed annularly within the base; the electromagnetic coil consists of 4 first electromagnetic coils which are connected in series; the four first electromagnetic coil groups are respectively fixed in the four electromagnetic coil grooves.
3. The energy collector of claim 1 wherein said conductive metal sheet is a copper sheet.
4. The energy collector of claim 1, wherein the resilient substrate is made of rubber or paper or plastic.
5. The energy collector of claim 1 wherein said friction plate retaining ring comprises four friction plate retaining ring plates secured together; the friction plate fixing ring piece comprises a friction plate fixing ring piece main body and fixing lugs formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring piece main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole; two adjacent friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through fixing through holes on respective fixing lugs by bolts.
6. The energy collector of claim 1 wherein said friction plate retaining ring comprises two friction plate retaining ring plates secured together; the friction plate fixing ring piece comprises a friction plate fixing ring piece main body and fixing lugs formed by extending two ends of the friction plate fixing ring piece main body respectively; the fixed ear is provided with a fixed through hole; the two friction plate fixing ring plates are fixedly connected through the fixing through holes on the respective fixing lugs by bolts.
7. The energy collector of claim 1, wherein the disc-shaped stator magnet is fixed to the base center by bolts or the disc-shaped stator magnet is fixed to the base center by fixing glue.
8. The energy collector of claim 1 further comprising a top cover covering said friction plate retaining ring.
CN201711103110.0A 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 Composite rotary energy collector Active CN107681864B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711103110.0A CN107681864B (en) 2017-11-10 2017-11-10 Composite rotary energy collector
US16/312,202 US11228259B2 (en) 2017-11-10 2017-11-21 Hybrid rotary energy harvester
PCT/CN2017/112130 WO2019090820A1 (en) 2017-11-10 2017-11-21 Composite rotation energy collector

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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US11228259B2 (en) 2022-01-18
CN107681864A (en) 2018-02-09
US20210226557A1 (en) 2021-07-22

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