CN110784120A - Rotary nano generator - Google Patents
Rotary nano generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110784120A CN110784120A CN201810857915.2A CN201810857915A CN110784120A CN 110784120 A CN110784120 A CN 110784120A CN 201810857915 A CN201810857915 A CN 201810857915A CN 110784120 A CN110784120 A CN 110784120A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/06—Influence generators
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a rotary nano generator, relates to the technical field of power generation, and mainly solves the technical problems of large rotation resistance and low power generation efficiency of the nano generator; the rotary nano generator rotor comprises a rotor and a stator sleeved on the periphery of the rotor; the stator comprises a plurality of first friction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotor comprises a second friction electrode; wherein the second rubbing electrode is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first rubbing electrode. The rotary nano generator provided by the embodiment of the invention has a low resistance coefficient, so that weak rotation energy can be collected and efficiently converted into electric energy, and meanwhile, the energy conversion efficiency during friction and the adaptability to high rotating speed can be further improved when the rotation energy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a rotary nano-generator.
Background
With the rapid development of microelectronic and micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) technologies, more and more micro sensors, actuators, and MEMS devices are widely applied in the fields of wireless sensor networks, internet of things, wearable electronic devices, and the like; although such devices consume less energy, they place higher demands on the size, cost, and lifetime of the functional elements.
The conventional power supply elements (battery and wired power supply) have been unable to meet the above requirements, and therefore a new power supply method must be found. Since mechanical energy (e.g., vibration energy, rotation energy) is ubiquitous in various natural environments, an energy collecting device capable of collecting mechanical energy in natural environments and converting the mechanical energy into electric energy is receiving wide attention from both academic and industrial fields.
In the prior art, a nano-generator technology for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy by adopting a triboelectrification and electrostatic induction mode has been rapidly developed, and the nano-generator technology has become an important mechanical energy acquisition and power generation mode due to the advantages of simple manufacture, light weight, high output voltage, high energy conversion efficiency and the like.
At present, a friction nanometer power generation device utilizing rotational energy generally comprises two rigid friction layers, wherein the two rigid friction layers generate electric energy in a rigid contact and relative sliding mode, and the rigid contact can continuously increase the abrasion degree of materials on one hand, so that the energy conversion efficiency of a device (a power generation device) is lower and lower; on the other hand, the rigid contact causes a large friction force to exist between the two friction layers, so that weak rotation energy in the environment cannot be collected, and the application range and the practicability of the power generation device are greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rotary nano generator with low resistance coefficient and wide application range.
A rotary nanometer generator comprises a rotor and a stator sleeved on the periphery of the rotor;
the stator comprises a plurality of first friction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;
the rotor comprises a second friction electrode;
wherein the second rubbing electrode is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first rubbing electrode.
As an example, the stator includes an even number of the first friction electrodes;
wherein a plurality of the first friction electrodes arranged at intervals are connected in series.
By way of example, the first friction electrode is configured as a sheet structure, and the material of the first friction electrode is aluminum or copper.
As an example, the rotor comprises a plurality of the second rubbing electrodes;
wherein the number of the second rubbing electrodes is half of the number of the first rubbing electrodes.
By way of example, the second friction electrode is configured to be a sheet structure, and the material of the second friction electrode is a high molecular polymer.
As an example, the stator further comprises a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged circumferentially;
the rotor also comprises a plurality of magnetic induction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;
the permanent magnet and the induction electrode generate magnetic induction so that the magnetic induction electrode generates voltage.
As an example, the stator comprises an even number of the permanent magnets;
the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets face the center of the stator, and the polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets facing the center of the stator are opposite.
As an example, the rotor comprises an even number of the magnetic induction electrodes;
wherein the number of the magnetic induction electrodes is the same as that of the permanent magnets.
As an example, the magnetic induction electrode is configured as a magnetic induction coil.
As an example, the stator further includes a housing configured in a cylindrical shape, and the plurality of first friction electrodes and the plurality of permanent magnets are each provided on an inner wall of the housing;
the rotor further comprises a central shaft and a support, the support is sleeved on the central shaft, and the second friction electrode and the magnetic induction electrodes are arranged on the support.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rotary nano generator provided by the embodiment of the invention has a low resistance coefficient, so that weak rotation energy can be collected and efficiently converted into electric energy, and meanwhile, the energy conversion efficiency during friction and the adaptability to high rotating speed can be further improved when the rotation energy is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary nano-generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary nano-generator according to an embodiment of the present invention showing its internal structure;
fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a stator of a rotary nano-generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a rotor of a rotary nano-generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a bracket of a rotary nano-generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a test data graph of the relationship between the rotational speed and the electrical power output of the rotary nano-generator in accordance with the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is another test data graph of the relationship between the rotational speed and the electrical energy output of the rotary nano-generator according to the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a rotor; 11-a second triboelectric electrode; 12-a magnetically inductive electrode; 13-a central axis; 14-a scaffold; 141-a support plate; 142-spokes; 2-a stator; 21-a first triboelectric electrode; 22-a permanent magnet; 23-a housing; 3-end cover; 4-bearing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a rotary nano-generator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a rotor 1 and a stator 2 sleeved on an outer periphery of the rotor 1; the stator 2 includes a plurality of first friction electrodes 21 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotor 1 comprises a second triboelectric pole 14; the second rubbing electrode 14 is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first rubbing electrode 21.
Specifically, the power generation principle of the rotary nano-generator is realized based on the coupling effect of the triboelectrification effect and the static induction effect of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14; under the action of external force, the rotor 1 and the stator 2 rotate relatively, the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 rub against each other, and a potential difference is generated between two adjacent first friction electrodes 21. In the embodiment of the invention, the flexible second friction electrode 14 is adopted, and the second friction electrode 14 is in flexible contact with the first friction electrode 21, so that when a small external force drives the rotor 1 to rotate at a low speed, the frictional resistance between the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 is small, so that the rotary nano-generator can collect the small external force (mechanical energy) and convert the small external force into electric energy. When the external force is large, the rotation speed of the rotor 1 is increased, and under the action of the centrifugal force, the second friction electrode 14 is elastically deformed and tends to be in close contact with the first friction electrode 21, so that the contact area between the second friction electrode 14 and the first friction electrode 21 is correspondingly increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is increased. Therefore, the rotary nano generator provided by the embodiment of the invention has a low resistance coefficient, can collect and convert weak energy and high energy simultaneously, and has wider applicability.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the stator 2 includes an even number of first rubbing electrodes 21; wherein a plurality of first rubbing electrodes 21 arranged at intervals are connected in series. The rotor 1 comprises a plurality of second triboelectric poles 14; wherein the number of the second rubbing electrodes 14 is half of the number of the first rubbing electrodes 21.
Specifically, the rotary nano-generator shown in the present embodiment has eight plate-shaped first rubbing electrodes 21 and four plate-shaped second rubbing electrodes 14. Wherein, the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 are both rectangular sheet-shaped structures; the second rubbing electrode 14 is in elastic contact with the first rubbing electrode 21 and is elastically deformed to form a rectangular sheet structure having a certain curvature. Further, in practical application, the first rubbing electrode 21 may be configured as a rectangular sheet with a length of 4cm and a width of 1.5 cm; the second rubbing electrode 14 may be provided as a rectangular thin sheet having a length of 4.5cm, a width of 4cm and a thickness of 25.4 μm. Although the present invention is not limited to the specific size and shape of the first rubbing electrode 21 and the second rubbing electrode 14, those skilled in the art can adapt the specific shape and size of the first rubbing electrode 21 and the second rubbing electrode 14 according to actual needs.
Furthermore, the material of the first rubbing electrode 21 may be aluminum or copper, and the material of the second rubbing electrode 14 is a high molecular polymer; specifically, the material of the second friction electrode 14 (the high molecular polymer) may be fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP) or Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Of course, the specific materials of the first rubbing electrode 21 and the second rubbing electrode 14 are not limited in the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select the specific materials of the first rubbing electrode 21 and the second rubbing electrode 14 adaptively according to actual requirements.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to further improve the power generation efficiency of the rotary nano-generator, in the embodiment of the present invention, the stator 2 further includes a plurality of permanent magnets 22 uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotor 1 further comprises a plurality of magnetic induction electrodes 12 which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; wherein the permanent magnet 22 and the induction electrode generate magnetic induction to make the magnetic induction electrode 12 generate voltage (current).
Specifically, when the rotor 1 rotates relative to the stator 2, the magnetic induction electrodes 12 cut magnetic induction lines of the permanent magnets 22, so that (voltage) currents are generated in the magnetic induction electrodes 12; considering that the electromagnetic generator is more suitable for generating electric energy at high rotation speed, the addition of the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic induction electrode 12 on the basis of the first friction electrode 21 and the second friction electrode 14 can further improve the application range of the rotary nano-generator and the power generation efficiency in a wide range.
Further, the stator 2 includes an even number of permanent magnets 22; wherein, the magnetic poles of a plurality of permanent magnets 22 are arranged towards the center of the stator 2, and the polarities of two adjacent permanent magnets 22 towards the center of the stator 2 are opposite. The rotor 1 comprises an even number of magnetic induction electrodes 12; wherein the number of the magnetic induction electrodes 12 is the same as that of the permanent magnets 22.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the rotary nano-generator shown in the present embodiment has four tile-shaped permanent magnets 22 and four magnetic induction electrodes 12. Wherein, the magnetic induction electrode 12 is formed by winding a coil. Further, in practical applications, the permanent magnets 22 may be sized to have a height of 4cm, a wall thickness of 5mm, and an opening angle to the axis of about 80 °, wherein the N poles of two opposing permanent magnets 22 point to the axis, and the S poles of the other two opposing permanent magnets 22 point to the axis; the coil is made of enameled wire with the diameter of 0.15mm and is wound into a magnetic induction electrode 12 with the area of a single turn of 7.5cm2 and the number of turns of 100. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the specific size and shape of the permanent magnet 22, and those skilled in the art can adapt the size and shape of the permanent magnet 22 according to actual needs.
Further, the permanent magnet 22 may be made of an alnico permanent magnet alloy, an iron-chromium-cobalt permanent magnet alloy, a permanent magnetic ferrite, a rare earth permanent magnet material, a composite permanent magnet material, or the like, and in this embodiment, the permanent magnet 22 is made of neodymium iron boron; the coil of the magnetic induction electrode 12 is made of a copper enameled wire. Of course, the present invention is not limited to specific materials of the permanent magnet 22 and the coil of the magnetic induction electrode 12, and those skilled in the art can select the specific materials of the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic induction electrode 12 adaptively according to actual requirements.
Specifically, in the present invention provides an embodiment, the rotary nano-generator includes a stator 2, a rotor 1, and an end cap 3.
The stator 2 includes a housing 23, four permanent magnets 22, and eight first friction electrodes 21. The housing 23 is constructed in a cylindrical structure, and four permanent magnets 22 are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the housing 23; the material of the housing 23 may be stainless steel, and the four permanent magnets 22 are respectively bonded to the inner wall of the housing 23 by super glue (such as cyanoacrylate). The eight first friction electrodes 21 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged, wherein every two first friction electrodes 21 are fixed on one permanent magnet 22; the first friction electrode 21 may be made of copper foil with an adhesive layer on the back surface, and is adhered to the permanent magnet 22. In practice, the height of the housing may be 6cm, the internal diameter 6.5cm and the wall thickness 3 mm. Of course, the present invention is not limited to specific dimensions of the housing.
The rotor 1 comprises a central shaft 13, a support 14, four second friction electrodes 14 and four magnetic induction electrodes 12. As shown in fig. 5, the bracket 14 includes two support plates 141 and spokes 142 arranged in parallel, the two support plates 141 have the same structure and are both cross-shaped plate-like structures, the two support plates 141 are both sleeved on the central shaft 13 and rotate synchronously with the central shaft 13, and further, the two support plates 141 are connected by the four spokes 142. Specifically, in practical application, the supporting plate 141 may be cut from a square plate with a side length of 4.7cm, and the four protruding sections of the molded supporting plate 141 have a length of 1.5cm and a width of 1.7cm, and the entire thickness of the supporting plate may be 2 mm. Wherein, in order to guarantee good cutting precision, a laser cutting process can be adopted. Further, the spokes 142 are rectangular plates with an elongated shape, and in practical applications, the spokes 142 may have a length of 4.4cm, a width of 5mm, and a thickness of 2 mm. Wherein, in order to guarantee good cutting precision, a laser cutting process can be adopted. Further, in the present embodiment, the supporting plate 141 and the spokes 142 are made of an acrylic material. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the specific size and shape of the support 14, and those skilled in the art can adapt the specific shape and size of the support 14 (the support plate 141 and the spokes 142) according to actual needs.
Further, four second friction electrodes 14 are respectively fixed on the four spokes 142, wherein the connection mode between the second friction electrodes 14 and the spokes 142 may be bonding, or may be connection by other connecting members; the coils of the four magnetic induction electrodes 12 are wound around four extending sections of the support 14.
Further, the rotary nano-generator further comprises two end covers 3 covering two ends of the stator 2 to position the stator 2 and the rotor 1. The end caps 3 are disc-shaped structures, a through hole is formed in the center of each end cap, and two ends of the central shaft 13 respectively extend out of the through holes of the two end caps 3. Further, in order to reduce the rotational friction between the rotor 1 and the end cover 3, in this embodiment, the rolling bearing 4 is sleeved in the through hole of the end cover 3, wherein the outer ring of the bearing 4 is sleeved on the inner wall of the through hole, and the inner ring of the bearing 4 is sleeved on the rotating shaft.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, there are graphs of test data of voltage and current generated by the rotary nano-generator of the present embodiment at different rotation speeds. As shown in fig. 6, the abscissa of the graph represents the rotation speed, the left ordinate represents the open-circuit voltage, the right ordinate represents the short-circuit current, the square points represent the open-circuit voltage corresponding to different rotation speeds, and the circular points represent the short-circuit current corresponding to different rotation speeds. As can be seen from FIG. 6, when the rotation speed is increased from 200rpm to 1000rpm, the open circuit voltage generated by the first and second rubbing electrodes 21 and 14 is increased from 33.4V to 64.3V, and the short circuit current is increased from 1.27 μ A to 8.24 μ A. As shown in fig. 7, the abscissa of the graph represents the rotation speed, the left ordinate represents the open-circuit voltage, the right ordinate represents the short-circuit current, the square points represent the open-circuit voltage corresponding to different rotation speeds, and the triangular points represent the short-circuit current corresponding to different rotation speeds. It can be seen from fig. 7 that when the rotation speed is increased from 200rpm to 1000rpm, the open circuit voltage generated by the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic induction electrodes 12 is increased from 33.4V to 64.3V, and the short circuit current is increased from 1.27 μ a to 8.24 μ a.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A rotary nanometer generator is characterized by comprising a rotor and a stator sleeved on the periphery of the rotor;
the stator comprises a plurality of first friction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;
the rotor comprises a second friction electrode;
wherein the second rubbing electrode is a flexible electrode and is in elastic contact with the first rubbing electrode.
2. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the stator comprises an even number of the first friction electrodes;
wherein a plurality of the first friction electrodes arranged at intervals are connected in series.
3. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein the first friction electrode is configured as a sheet structure, and the material of the first friction electrode is aluminum or copper.
4. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 2, wherein the rotor comprises a plurality of the second rubbing electrodes;
wherein the number of the second rubbing electrodes is half of the number of the first rubbing electrodes.
5. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the second friction electrode is configured as a sheet structure, and the material of the second friction electrode is a high molecular polymer.
6. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the stator further comprises a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly arranged circumferentially;
the rotor also comprises a plurality of magnetic induction electrodes which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction;
the permanent magnet and the induction electrode generate magnetic induction so that the magnetic induction electrode generates voltage.
7. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 6, wherein the stator comprises an even number of the permanent magnets;
the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets face the center of the stator, and the polarities of the two adjacent permanent magnets facing the center of the stator are opposite.
8. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 7, wherein the rotor comprises an even number of the magnetic induction electrodes;
wherein the number of the magnetic induction electrodes is the same as that of the permanent magnets.
9. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 7, wherein the magnetic induction electrodes are configured as magnetic induction coils.
10. The rotary nanogenerator of claim 6, wherein the stator further comprises a housing, the housing is configured in a cylindrical shape, and the plurality of first friction electrodes and the plurality of permanent magnets are disposed on an inner wall of the housing;
the rotor further comprises a central shaft and a support, the support is sleeved on the central shaft, and the second friction electrode and the magnetic induction electrodes are arranged on the support.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810857915.2A CN110784120A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Rotary nano generator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810857915.2A CN110784120A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Rotary nano generator |
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| CN110784120A true CN110784120A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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| CN201810857915.2A Pending CN110784120A (en) | 2018-07-31 | 2018-07-31 | Rotary nano generator |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111600438A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-08-28 | 重庆邮电大学 | Rotary pendulum type electromagnetic-friction composite generator |
| CN111697872A (en) * | 2020-06-20 | 2020-09-22 | 湖南工程学院 | Self-adaptive wide-speed-range friction electrostatic wind energy collection and wind speed measurement device |
| CN112946312A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-11 | 河北工业大学 | Non-contact rotating speed sensor of flexible polymer and rotating speed and swing monitoring method |
| CN114374336A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 上海大学 | Umbrella-shaped four-electrode wave energy collection friction nano generator |
| CN114944780A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-08-26 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Hierarchical self-adjusting friction nano generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114374336A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-19 | 上海大学 | Umbrella-shaped four-electrode wave energy collection friction nano generator |
| CN114374336B (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2024-04-19 | 上海大学 | Umbrella-shaped four-electrode wave energy collecting friction nano generator |
| CN114944780A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-08-26 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Hierarchical self-adjusting friction nano generator |
| CN114944780B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2024-04-26 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Hierarchical self-adjusting friction nano generator |
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Address after: No.8, yangyandong 1st Road, Yanqi Economic Development Zone, Huairou District, Beijing Applicant after: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Address before: 100083 Beijing City, Haidian District Xueyuan Road No. 30, large industrial building C Applicant before: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems |
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Application publication date: 20200211 |