CN107672263A - 一种tpu室内装饰革及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种tpu室内装饰革及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107672263A
CN107672263A CN201710812996.XA CN201710812996A CN107672263A CN 107672263 A CN107672263 A CN 107672263A CN 201710812996 A CN201710812996 A CN 201710812996A CN 107672263 A CN107672263 A CN 107672263A
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戴协俭
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Zhejiang Xie Da New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法，包括发泡板基层、粘合层、TPU层以及水性聚氨酯装饰层，其特征是：所述发泡板基层、粘合层、TPU层之间通过热压方式粘结，所述水性聚氨酯装饰层涂覆在TPU层上，所述粘合层为TPU热熔胶膜。本发明具有以下有益效果：这种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法具有成品、制造工艺无污染的特性。TPU内饰革具有环保、无毒、无味、零排放、耐磨性能好的特点。电子交联聚丙烯发泡板具有隔音隔热的效果，产品整体可降解，不污染环境。

Description

一种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种室内装饰革及其制备方法，特别涉及一种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们对生活要求的逐渐提高，特别是对室内的环保要求越来越严格，因此，人们对室内装饰革的选取越来越偏向无污染、品质优良的室内装饰革。传统的室内装饰革通常使用PVC革和普通的PU合成革。PVC合成革中含有大量的有毒有害的化学成分，而PU合成革生产过程中同样使用了有毒有害的有机溶剂。在室内相对封闭的环境中，传统室内装饰革的被放大，从而对人们的身体健康产生较大的影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法。这种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法具有成品、制造工艺无污染的特性。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种TPU室内装饰革，包括发泡板基层、粘合层、TPU层以及水性聚氨酯装饰层，所述发泡板基层、粘合层、TPU层之间通过热压方式粘结，所述水性聚氨酯层涂覆在TPU层上，所述粘合层为TPU热熔胶膜，所述发泡板基层为IXPE发泡板。
通过采用上述技术方案后，在IXPE发泡板上覆盖一层TPU热熔胶膜，然后将TPU层覆盖在TPU热熔胶膜上。通过热压，处于中部的TPU热熔胶膜在高温下熔化，从而使得TPU热熔胶膜具有粘性。TPU热熔胶膜将处于相邻的IXPE发泡板与TPU层粘合在一起。待冷却后，IXPE发泡板与TPU层紧紧贴合，不容易相互脱离。而且，TPU热熔胶膜相比较于其他粘合层，比如水性聚氨酯层，耐热性更佳。在热压条件下TPU热熔胶膜不会产生变色的问题，较为稳定。
本发明进一步设置为：所述TPU层的厚度为0.1-0.2mm。
通过采用上述技术方案后，将TPU层的厚度设置为0.1-0.2mm之间。若TPU层的厚度较大，会使得热压效果较差，温度在TPU内的传递效果较差，导致温度不能到达TPU热熔胶膜。TPU热熔胶膜不能充分受热，导致TPU热熔胶膜不能熔化，不能达到粘合的目的。若TPU层的厚度过小，会导致TPU层自身发生熔化，从而导致TPU形状发生变化，影响汽车内饰革的美观程度。
本发明进一步设置为：所述TPU热熔胶膜的厚度为0.05-0.1mm。
通过采用上述技术方案后，TPU热熔胶膜的厚度设置为0.05-0.1mm，使得TPU热熔胶膜在热压下可以熔化并将TPU层粘合在发泡板基层上。通过上述方式，TPU热熔胶膜在熔化后会与TPU层相融，从而使得TPU热熔胶膜不仅起到粘合的效果，并且还能够使得汽车内饰革的厚度降低。
本发明进一步设置为：一种TPU室内装饰革的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份，并除湿、烘干；
步骤二：将上述原料物质加入到挤塑机中通过流延加工制成TPU层，TPU层的厚度为0.1-0.2mm；
步骤三：通过将TPU原料物质加入至挤塑机中流延加工制得TPU热熔胶膜，TPU热熔胶膜的厚度为0.05-0.1mm；
步骤四：通过热压的方式将TPU层、TPU热熔胶膜、IXPE发泡板热压粘结，冷却收卷；
步骤五：将步骤四中的半成品通过辊筒方式涂覆水性聚氨酯层，并通过烘箱烘干后冷却收卷；
步骤六：将步骤五中的半成品通过负压压纹制得TPU室内装饰革成品。
通过采用上述技术方案后，对于步骤一，通过准备TPU原料，以及对TPU原料进行除湿、烘干过程，防止TPU原料上存在水分，使得TPU在经过流延加工时，不会因TPU原料中存在的水分导致TPU受热不均而造成TPU表面凹凸不平。对于步骤二，通过流延加工的方式将TPU层制成，并控制TPU层的厚度为0.1-0.2mm，使得TPU层在热压时不会轻易发生熔化，导致TPU层变形。对于步骤三，以同样方式制成TPU热熔胶膜，控制TPU热熔胶膜的厚度小于TPU层的厚度，从而使得TPU热熔胶膜先于TPU层熔化，从而使得TPU热熔胶膜可以作为粘合剂将TPU层与发泡板基层粘合，且较小程度的损伤TPU层的形状。对于步骤四，通过热压的方式将TPU层、TPU热熔胶膜、IXPE发泡板热压粘结，收卷。对于步骤五，在步骤四的基础上涂抹水性聚氨酯层，一方面，水性聚氨酯具有良好的流动性，在热压过程中，TPU层局部过热会造成TPU层变形，使得TPU层凹凸不平。水性聚氨酯可以将TPU层变形产生的凹凸不平填平；另一方面，水性聚氨酯可以进行负压压纹，使得涂覆了水性聚氨酯的TPU层表面可以具有不同的图案和纹路。对于步骤六，通过负压压纹的方式在TPU室内装饰革成品上添加纹路与图案，使得TPU室内装饰革更为美观。
本发明进一步设置为：所述TPU中按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：普鲁兰多糖35-50份、聚丙烯酸钠10-20份，所述步骤一为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖35-50份、聚丙烯酸钠10-20份，并除湿、烘干。
通过采用上述技术方案后，在没有阳光直射时，室内通常会积累较多的水汽，并且由于室内较为封闭，室内的水汽不能排出，影响处于室内的人们的健康。通过在TPU中添加聚丙烯酸钠，且聚丙烯酸钠具有高吸水性，使得聚丙烯酸钠可以将空气中的水汽吸收。水汽被聚丙烯酸钠吸收后，普鲁兰多糖会与水汽相接触。由于普鲁兰多糖的水溶性较大，普鲁兰多糖与水汽接触，从而导致普鲁兰多糖具有一定的粘性和弹性。普鲁兰多糖进一步的增强了TPU层与IXPE发泡板之间的粘合程度，加强了TPU室内装饰革整体结构的稳定性。另外，由于在热压过程中，由于温度突变导致TPU的硬度增加并失去弹性。由于普鲁兰多糖的存在，使得TPU能够保持较好的弹性，使得TPU能够耐受更大的冲击。在步骤一中对普鲁兰多糖与聚丙烯酸钠进行除湿处理，防止普鲁兰多糖溶解以及聚丙烯酸钠失去吸水性。
本发明进一步设置为：所述TPU中按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：聚乙烯蜡 30-50份，所述步骤一为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖35-50份、聚丙烯酸钠10-20份、聚乙烯蜡30-50份，并除湿、烘干。
通过采用上述技术方案后，由于在热压过程中，可能会导致普鲁兰多糖在高温情况下发生变性。因此，通过向TPU中添加聚乙烯蜡，使得在进入到热压工艺步骤时，聚乙烯蜡在100℃下会熔化，普鲁兰多糖在聚乙烯蜡熔融物中流动，使得普鲁兰多糖上的温度被聚乙烯蜡吸收，保护普鲁兰多糖不会在热压过程中发生变形。另外，在热压过程中，聚乙烯蜡熔融物携带聚丙烯酸钠与普鲁兰多糖在TPU颗粒中流动，增加了TPU内的普鲁兰多糖以及聚丙烯酸钠的流动性，使得普鲁兰多糖以及聚丙烯酸钠充分分散在TPU颗粒中，保证TPU室内装饰革各个位置处的组分含量相同，体系结构稳定。
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、通过设置TPU热熔胶膜，使得TPU层与发泡板基层之间充分粘合。相比较于水性聚氨酯作为粘合剂，这种热压粘合方式的粘合效果更佳，粘合更为牢固；
2、向TPU材料中添加聚乙烯蜡、聚丙烯酸钠以及普鲁兰多糖。聚乙烯蜡在其中起到了增强聚丙烯酸钠与普鲁兰多糖的流动性，并防止普鲁兰多糖变性的作用。在聚乙烯蜡的流动下，聚丙烯酸钠与普鲁兰多糖充分分散在TPU颗粒中，从而使得整个体系结构较为稳定。其中，聚丙烯酸钠具有较好的吸水性。聚丙烯酸钠将空气中的水汽吸收，从而减小室内的水汽含量，保证处于室内的人们的健康。普鲁兰多糖的添加，使得聚丙烯酸钠吸收的水分将普鲁兰多糖溶解，从而使得普鲁兰多糖具有较好的粘性，加强了TPU层与IXPE发泡板之间的粘合程度，并且改善了TPU室内装饰革的弹性；
3、TPU内饰革具有环保、无毒、无味、零排放、耐磨性能好的特点。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的结构示意图。
附图标记：1、IXPE发泡板；2、TPU热熔胶膜；3、TPU层；4、水性聚氨酯层。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
实施例1：
如图1所示，一种TPU室内装饰革及其制备方法，包括IXPE发泡板1。IXPE发泡板具有较好的具有隔音隔热的效果。产品整体可降解，不污染环境，且在80-120℃下不发生弯曲变形，使得IXPE发泡板1具有较好的耐热性。IXPE发泡板1上覆盖有TPU热熔胶膜2，TPU热熔胶膜2上覆盖有TPU层3。通过将IXPE发泡板1、TPU热熔胶膜2与TPU层3热压粘结，使得TPU热熔胶膜2熔化并连接TPU层3以及IXPE发泡板1。通过TPU热熔胶膜2的设置，使得IXPE发泡板1与TPU层3之间的粘结强度较大，粘结效果较好。
其中，TPU层3的厚度为0.1-0.2mm，TPU热熔胶膜2的厚度为0.05-0.1mm。TPU热熔胶膜2的厚度小于TPU层3的厚度。在热压过程中，TPU层3由于其厚度较大，不容易发生熔化。而TPU热熔胶膜2的厚度较小，从而使得TPU热熔胶膜2易发生熔化，从而使得TPU热熔胶膜2将TPU层3与IXPE发泡板1粘合。
在粘合好的TPU层3一侧涂覆水性聚氨酯层4。等到水性聚氨酯层4冷却后，通过负压压纹在水性聚氨酯上设置装饰纹路。
该TPU室内装饰革的制作方式如下：
按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份，并除湿、烘干；
步骤二：将上述原料物质加入到挤塑机中通过流延加工制成TPU层，TPU层的厚度为0.1-0.2mm；
步骤三：通过将TPU原料物质加入至挤塑机中流延加工制得TPU热熔胶膜，TPU热熔胶膜的厚度为0.05-0.1mm；
步骤四：通过热压的方式将TPU层、TPU热熔胶膜、IXPE发泡板热压粘结，冷却收卷；
步骤五：将步骤四中的半成品通过辊筒方式涂覆水性聚氨酯层，并通过烘箱烘干后冷却收卷；
步骤六：将步骤五中的半成品通过负压压纹制得TPU室内装饰革成品。
实施例2：
与实施例1的不同之处在于，按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：普鲁兰多糖35份、聚丙烯酸钠15份、聚乙烯蜡30份，步骤一变更为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖35份、聚丙烯酸钠15份、聚乙烯蜡30份，并除湿、烘干。
实施例3：
与实施例1的不同之处在于，按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：普鲁兰多糖45份、聚丙烯酸钠15份、聚乙烯蜡40份，步骤一变更为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖45份、聚丙烯酸钠15份、聚乙烯蜡40份，并除湿、烘干。
实施例4：
与实施例1的不同之处在于，按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：普鲁兰多糖50份、聚丙烯酸钠20份、聚乙烯蜡50份，步骤一变更为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖50份、聚丙烯酸钠20份、聚乙烯蜡50份，并除湿、烘干。
综合实施例1至实施例4，可得出以下结论：通过向TPU层添加普鲁兰多糖、聚丙烯酸钠、聚乙烯蜡，增强了TPU层的弹性以及整个体系的稳定性。同时，使得TPU层具有较好的吸水性，并且在吸水后能够使得TPU层与IXPE发泡板之间粘合程度更大，从而增强TPU室内装饰革的整体强度。

Claims (6)

1.一种TPU室内装饰革，包括发泡板基层、粘合层、TPU层以及水性聚氨酯装饰层，其特征是：所述发泡板基层、粘合层、TPU层之间通过热压方式粘结，所述水性聚氨酯层涂覆在TPU层上，所述粘合层为TPU热熔胶膜，所述发泡板基层为IXPE发泡板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种TPU室内装饰革，其特征是：所述TPU层的厚度为0.1-0.2mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种TPU室内装饰革，其特征是：所述TPU热熔胶膜的厚度为0.05-0.1mm。
4.一种TPU室内装饰革的制备方法，其特征是，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份，并除湿、烘干；
步骤二：将上述原料物质加入到挤塑机中通过流延加工制成TPU层，TPU层的厚度为0.1-0.2mm；
步骤三：同样通过将1000份TPU原料物质加入至挤塑机中流延加工制得TPU热熔胶膜，TPU热熔胶膜的厚度为0.05-0.1mm；
步骤四：通过热压的方式将TPU层、TPU热熔胶膜、IXPE发泡板热压粘结，冷却收卷；
步骤五：将步骤四中的半成品通过辊筒方式涂覆水性聚氨酯层，并通过烘箱烘干后冷却收卷；
步骤六：将步骤五中的半成品通过负压压纹制得TPU室内装饰革成品。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的一种TPU室内装饰革，其特征是：所述TPU中按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：普鲁兰多糖35-50份、聚丙烯酸钠10-20份，所述步骤一为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖35-50份、聚丙烯酸钠10-20份，并除湿、烘干。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种TPU室内装饰革，其特征是：所述TPU中按重量份配比，每1000份TPU中还包括以下组分：聚乙烯蜡 30-50份，所述步骤一为按重量份数配比，准备TPU原料1000份、普鲁兰多糖35-50份、聚丙烯酸钠10-20份、聚乙烯蜡30-50份，并除湿、烘干。
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