CN107670376A - A kind of filtration system of individually Gravity Separation - Google Patents
A kind of filtration system of individually Gravity Separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107670376A CN107670376A CN201611138002.2A CN201611138002A CN107670376A CN 107670376 A CN107670376 A CN 107670376A CN 201611138002 A CN201611138002 A CN 201611138002A CN 107670376 A CN107670376 A CN 107670376A
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- filtrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/04—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are impervious for filtering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
- B01D33/056—Construction of filtering bands or supporting belts, e.g. devices for centering, mounting or sealing the filtering bands or the supporting belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B13/00—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
- G05B13/02—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
- G05B13/04—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
- G05B13/042—Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators in which a parameter or coefficient is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance
Abstract
A kind of filtration system of individually Gravity Separation, it includes 1 belt filter press, 1 chamber type filter, 1 pressing filter, 1 extruding filter, 1 bactericidal device, 1 settling tank, 1 waste liquid pool, 1 collecting tank, 4 solid-holding ponds, 3 surge tanks, 6 feed pumps, 5 Ge Huan roads devices and 15 valves, belt filter press, including frame, Gravity Separation area, expression separation area and drainage set, upper filter-pressing strap and lower filter-pressing strap use polyester material, and use twill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a chemical separation system, and particularly relates to a filtration system for separate gravity separation.
Background
At present, the problems in the production process are as follows in the laggard production process that the production technology of a chemical separation system is weak in strength, the automation degree of a production line is low, manual operation is more, the working procedures are scattered, and the working environment is poor:
the existing separation system is single in type of chemical slurry, and pipelines can not be adjusted timely according to needs, so that different slurries can be processed; the separation system has low separation efficiency, low automatic control degree and low manual operation efficiency of operators; the adjustment and monitoring of some parameters in the production process mainly depend on the monitoring of experienced operators, so that the production information and the process data cannot be accurate and cannot be adjusted in time.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a chemical separation system which can allow a user to adjust a pipeline according to the requirement, uses multiple circulation and has more thorough filtration.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a filtration system of independent gravity separation, its includes 1 belt filter press, 1 box filter, 1 pressure filter, 1 extrusion filter, 1 bacteria removing device, 1 sedimentation tank, 1 waste liquid pond, 1 collecting tank, 4 hold slag bath, 3 buffer tanks, 6 charge pumps, 5 way changers and 15 valves, its characterized in that: the sedimentation tank contains chemical industry slurry, the settled chemical industry slurry enters a belt filter press under the action of a first feeding pump through the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the belt filter press puts the filter-pressed chemical industry material into a first slag containing tank, the generated chemical industry filtrate enters a recovery main pipeline through a sixth feeding pump and a fourteenth valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is provided with a chemical industry filtrate outlet, the chemical industry filtrate enters a first route changer through a first valve and a second feeding pump, the first route changer is adjusted, the chemical industry filtrate enters a second route changer or a third route changer, the second route changer is adjusted, the chemical industry filtrate enters a waste liquid tank or enters a second valve, the chemical industry filtrate enters a box type filter after passing through the second valve, the chemical industry filtrate at the lower part of the box type filter enters the recovery main pipeline and returns to the sedimentation tank, the box type filter puts the filtered chemical industry material into a second slag containing tank, chemical filtrate on the upper part of the box type filter enters a first buffer tank through a third valve, the chemical filtrate enters a third road changer through a fourth valve under the drive of a third feeding pump after being buffered, the third road changer is adjusted, the chemical filtrate enters a fifth valve or a fourth road changer, the chemical filtrate enters a squeezing filter through the fifth valve, the chemical filtrate on the lower part of the squeezing filter enters a recycling main pipeline through a seventh valve and returns to a sedimentation tank, the squeezing filter puts the filtered chemical materials into a third slag containing tank, the chemical filtrate on the upper part enters a fourth reverser through an eighth valve, the fourth reverser is adjusted, the chemical filtrate enters a sterilizing device or a fifth reverser, the chemical filtrate on the bottom of the sterilizing device enters the fifth reverser through a thirteenth valve after being sterilized, the fifth reverser is adjusted, and the chemical filtrate enters a third buffer tank or a pressurizing filter, chemical filtrate in a third buffer tank enters a pressure filter through a fifth feed pump and a twelfth valve, the pressure filter puts the filtered chemical materials into a fourth slag containing pool, the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the pressure filter enters a recycling main pipeline through an eleventh valve and returns to a sedimentation tank, the chemical filtrate at the upper part of the pressure filter enters a second buffer tank, the liquid in the second buffer tank is reusable chemical liquid, a part of chemical liquid enters a liquid collecting tank through the bottom of the second buffer tank, and a part of chemical liquid as flushing liquid returns to a box type filter, the pressure filter, an extrusion filter and a belt type filter press through a ninth valve, a tenth valve, a sixth valve and a fifteenth valve respectively through a fourth feed pump so as to realize flushing of the box type filter, the pressure filter, the extrusion filter and the belt type filter press;
the belt filter press comprises a rack, a gravity separation area, a squeezing separation area and a liquid guiding device, wherein the gravity separation area, the squeezing separation area and the liquid guiding device are installed on the rack, the gravity separation area comprises a feed inlet, a first driving motor, a first deviation adjusting device, a supporting roller and a filter belt, the squeezing separation area comprises a second driving motor, a third driving motor, a pre-pressing device, an upper filter pressing belt, a lower filter pressing belt, a tensioning roller, a discharging roller, a dewatering roller system, a supporting roller, a second deviation adjusting device and a third deviation adjusting device, chemical pulp to be subjected to liquid removal enters the gravity separation area through the feed inlet, most of chemical pulp is removed from the filter belt under the action of gravity, and the first driving motor drives the supporting roller to rotate to drive the filter belt to rotate circularly;
the upper filter pressing belt and the lower filter pressing belt are made of polyester materials and adopt a twill weaving method;
the pre-compaction device divide into two parts from top to bottom, the upper segment includes upper boom arm and two rollers, two rollers rotate with the upper boom arm to be connected, upper boom arm one end and frame pin joint, the ejector pin is connected to the upper boom arm other end, the inside spring that has of ejector pin, thereby make two roller elastic compression upper filter belt upper surfaces of upper boom arm, the lower part includes lower boom arm and two rollers, two rollers rotate with lower boom arm to be connected, lower boom arm and frame fixed connection, two rollers of lower boom arm and lower filter belt lower surface contact, under the pressfitting effect of upper and lower two parts, go up the filter belt and filter belt superpose down together.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the processing and manufacturing of various chemical industry slurries are realized by using a plurality of filtering devices, a plurality of circuit changers and valves;
2. triple circulation is adopted, so that the waste liquid is filtered more thoroughly;
3. the automatic flushing of each filtering device is realized through the automatic flushing system;
4. monitoring the material level condition in real time to prevent fibrous and blocky materials from generating;
5. the gravity separation and the filter-pressing separation are realized independently, and the gravity separation time is prolonged;
6. the deviation adjusting device combines the deviation adjusting and tensioning functions, so that each filter belt cannot fall off a roller and deviate, and the tensioning degree of each filter belt can be adjusted in real time;
7. the pressure filter has the advantages of large filtering pressure, good sealing performance, continuous operation, full-automatic operation, adoption of different operating pressures in different chambers and the like;
8. the fuzzy control reduces the waste of efficiency and the inaccuracy caused by the repeated modification of manual setting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single gravity separation filtration system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the belt filter press of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a press filter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the pressure filter of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a pressure filter of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the fuzzy controller of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated with reference to fig. 1-6.
The utility model provides a filtration system of independent gravity separation, its includes 1 belt filter press, 1 box filter, 1 pressure filter, 1 extrusion filter, 1 bacteria removing device, 1 sedimentation tank, 1 waste liquid pond, 1 collecting tank, 4 hold the sediment pond, 3 buffer tanks, 6 charge pumps, 5 way changers and 15 valves, its characterized in that: the sedimentation tank contains chemical industry slurry, the settled chemical industry slurry enters a belt filter press under the action of a first feeding pump through the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the belt filter press puts the filter-pressed chemical industry material into a first slag containing tank, the generated chemical industry filtrate enters a recovery main pipeline through a sixth feeding pump and a fourteenth valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is provided with a chemical industry filtrate outlet, the chemical industry filtrate enters a first route changer through a first valve and a second feeding pump, the first route changer is adjusted, the chemical industry filtrate enters a second route changer or a third route changer, the second route changer is adjusted, the chemical industry filtrate enters a waste liquid tank or enters a second valve, the chemical industry filtrate enters a box type filter after passing through the second valve, the chemical industry filtrate at the lower part of the box type filter enters the recovery main pipeline and returns to the sedimentation tank, the box type filter puts the filtered chemical industry material into a second slag containing tank, chemical filtrate on the upper part of the box type filter enters a first buffer tank through a third valve, the chemical filtrate enters a third road changer through a fourth valve under the drive of a third feeding pump after being buffered, the third road changer is adjusted, the chemical filtrate enters a fifth valve or a fourth road changer, the chemical filtrate enters a squeezing filter through the fifth valve, the chemical filtrate on the lower part of the squeezing filter enters a recycling main pipeline through a seventh valve and returns to a sedimentation tank, the squeezing filter puts the filtered chemical materials into a third slag containing tank, the chemical filtrate on the upper part enters a fourth reverser through an eighth valve, the fourth reverser is adjusted, the chemical filtrate enters a sterilizing device or a fifth reverser, the chemical filtrate on the bottom of the sterilizing device enters the fifth reverser through a thirteenth valve after being sterilized, the fifth reverser is adjusted, and the chemical filtrate enters a third buffer tank or a pressurizing filter, chemical industry filtrating of third buffer tank gets into pressure filter through fifth charge pump and twelfth valve, pressure filter puts into the fourth and holds the sediment pond with the chemical material after filtering, the chemical industry filtrating of pressure filter bottom gets into through the eleventh valve and retrieves the main line and return the sedimentation tank, the chemical industry filtrating on pressure filter upper portion gets into the second buffer tank, the liquid in the second buffer tank is repeatedly usable's chemical industry liquid, a part of chemical industry liquid gets into the collecting tank through the second buffer tank bottom, a part of chemical industry liquid passes through the ninth valve respectively as the flush fluid through the fourth charge pump, the tenth valve, the box filter is returned to sixth valve and fifteenth valve, pressure filter, extrusion filter and belt filter press, in order to realize the washing to box filter, pressure filter, extrusion filter and belt filter press.
The system uses the multiple filtering devices, so that the chemical filtrate is effectively filtered; a plurality of switches and valves are arranged, so that a user can adjust the pipeline as required; the three-stage circulation of main filtration circulation, recovery circulation and back washing circulation is formed, so that the waste liquid is filtered more thoroughly, each filtering device can be automatically washed, and the situation that chemical materials block the device is prevented.
Wherein, the flocculating agent is contained in the sedimentation tank to ensure that the chemical pulp is easy to deliquor.
Wherein, the belt filter press comprises a frame, a gravity separation area, a squeezing separation area and a liquid guiding device, the gravity separation area, the squeezing separation area and the liquid guiding device are arranged on the frame, the gravity separation area comprises a feed inlet, a first driving motor, a first deviation adjusting device, a supporting roller and a filter belt, the squeezing separation area comprises a second driving motor, a third driving motor, a pre-pressing device, an upper filter pressing belt, a lower filter pressing belt, a tensioning roller, a discharging roller, a dewatering roller system, a supporting roller, a second deviation adjusting device and a third deviation adjusting device, chemical slurry to be subjected to liquid removal enters the gravity separation area through the feed inlet, most chemical filtrate is removed from the chemical slurry on the filter belt under the action of gravity, the first driving motor drives the supporting roller to rotate to drive the filter belt to circularly rotate, the first deviation adjusting device adjusts the running route of the filter belt through the deviation adjusting roller to enable the filter belt to be in a certain tensioning state and prevent the filter belt from falling off the roller, the chemical pulp enters a squeezing separation area after passing through a gravity separation area, an upper filter press belt and a lower filter press belt are supported by a tensioning roller, a dewatering roller, a carrier roller and an unloading roller to form the squeezing separation area, a second driving motor and a third driving motor drive the unloading roller to realize the continuous surrounding movement of the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt, the chemical pulp enters an opening formed by the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt, filter cakes are preliminarily formed under the action of two prepressing devices, the filter cakes further remove redundant chemical filtrate through a dewatering roller system to form chemical materials, the chemical materials enter a first slag containing pool after passing through the unloading roller, the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt are respectively arranged on a second deviation adjusting device and a third deviation adjusting device, the running route of the filter belts is adjusted through the deviation adjusting rollers to enable the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt to be in a certain tensioning state and prevent the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt from falling off the rollers, and the chemical filtrate removed from the squeezing separation area enter a liquid guide device, and returning the chemical filtrate in the liquid guide device to the sedimentation tank.
The traditional filter press can not realize independent control on gravity separation and filter-pressing separation, the belt filter press is provided with an independent gravity separation area, so that independent realization of gravity separation and filter-pressing separation is realized, and the independent gravity separation area can prolong the gravity separation time, thereby providing a working basis for the subsequent filter-pressing separation and effectively improving the filter-pressing effect; the deviation adjusting device combines the deviation adjusting function and the tensioning function, so that each filter belt cannot fall off a roller and deviate, and the tensioning degree of each filter belt can be adjusted in real time.
The dewatering roll system comprises 5 dewatering rolls, the dewatering rolls are respectively arranged in an upper filter press belt and a lower filter press belt, the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt are extruded and overlapped to form an S shape, the diameter of a first dewatering roll is 500mm and located in the lower filter press belt, the diameter of a second dewatering roll is 400mm and located in the upper filter press belt, the diameter of a third dewatering roll is 360mm and located in the lower filter press belt, the diameter of a fourth dewatering roll is 330mm and located in the upper filter press belt, and the diameter of a fifth dewatering roll is 220mm and located in the lower filter press belt.
The arrangement of the dewatering roll system can enable the filter cake to be extruded and sheared simultaneously, thereby enhancing the dewatering effect; the design of the diameters of the 5 dewatering rolls realizes the gradient change of pressure, and prevents the phenomenon of slurry run-out caused by high water content of the initial slurry while effectively performing filter pressing on filter cakes.
Wherein, the upper filter pressing belt and the lower filter pressing belt are made of polyester materials and adopt a twill weave method.
The adhesion of the polyester material is 2.1N/m 2 The filter belt made of polyester material has small adhesion to filter cake, so that the belt press filter can work continuously and effectively.
Wherein, be provided with a plurality of shower nozzles on the upper portion of last filter-pressing area upper surface, wash the filter-pressing area, be provided with a plurality of shower nozzles that spray in the lower part of filter-pressing area lower surface under, wash the filter-pressing area down, it is the flush fluid that sprays that the shower nozzle used sprays, chemical industry filtrating after the washing gets into the drain device.
The spraying device realizes the automatic cleaning of the upper and lower pressing filter belts and prevents the filter belts from being damaged.
The pre-compaction device divide into two parts from top to bottom, the upper segment includes upper boom arm and two rollers, two rollers rotate with the upper boom arm to be connected, upper boom arm one end and frame pin joint, the ejector pin is connected to the upper boom arm other end, the inside spring that has of ejector pin, thereby make two roller elastic compression upper filter belt upper surfaces of upper boom arm, the lower part includes lower boom arm and two rollers, two rollers rotate with lower boom arm to be connected, lower boom arm and frame fixed connection, two rollers of lower boom arm and lower filter belt lower surface contact, under the pressfitting effect of upper and lower two parts, go up the filter belt and filter belt superpose down together.
The box-type filter is formed by stacking a plurality of filter boxes, a spray pipe, a movable plate, a filter plate, a fixed plate, a rack and a transmission device are arranged in each filter box, the spray pipe is arranged on the upper portion of each filter box, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spray pipe and spray flushing liquid to the filter plate, the filter plate is provided with a plurality of movable plates, the filter plates and the fixed plates are arranged in the filter boxes from top to bottom, the movable plates and the filter plates are arranged on guide rails of the rack, the fixed plates are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rack, the filter screens are arranged on the filter plates, the movable plates and the filter plates are connected through the transmission devices to further realize linkage of the filter plates, the movable plates move towards the fixed plates under the driving of the transmission devices and extrude the filter plates, in the operation process, the intervals between the filter plates are equal, the filter boxes are sealed in metal contact, contact surfaces between the filter boxes are deformed through certain external pressure, and accordingly the contact surfaces are tightly attached and fluid is prevented from passing through.
Wherein, the box filter comprises three filter boxes in a stacked manner, and the filter boxes are internally provided with filter aid.
Wherein, spray tube evenly distributed has a plurality of orifices, spouts the flush fluid to mix with the filter aid, under the effect of gravity and pressure, the mixed liquor flows to the exit of filter box through the filter plate.
Wherein, be provided with the pressure gauge on every filter box to the pressure of measurement filter box avoids the emergence of leaking.
Wherein, whether the filter plate works normally is judged according to the effective filtering area of the filter plate, the effective filtering area A of the filter plate is calculated by the following formula,
in the formula, W is the mass of chemical filtrate filtered per hour, gamma filtration speed reliability coefficient, C is experimental filtration speed, T is working time, and F is filtration utilization coefficient;
the effective filtering ratio delta is calculated,
in the formula, A 0 The overall area of the filter plate;
when the delta is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.6, the filter plate needs to be cleaned;
when the delta is less than or equal to 0.3, the filter plate needs to be replaced.
Wherein, the power P of the transmission device is obtained by the following formula calculation according to the comparison of the power P of the transmission device and the current driving power to judge whether the current transmission device works normally,
wherein V is the moving speed of the movable plate, q is the unit length weight of the transmission chain of the transmission device, Λ is the center distance of chain wheels at two ends of the transmission device, omega is the motion resistance coefficient of the chain, G is the weight of the filter plate, mu is the transmission efficiency of the transmission device, eta is the moving speed of the movable plate, q is the unit length weight of the transmission chain, Λ is the center distance of the chain wheels at two ends of the transmission device, G is the weight of the filter plate, and mu is the transmission efficiency of the transmission device m The coefficient of friction of the movement of the filter plate.
The extrusion filter comprises a water spraying pipe, a cylindrical shell, a screw rotary vane, a driving motor and a convergence plate, wherein a liquid discharging hole is formed in the middle of the cylindrical shell, the water spraying pipe is arranged at the top in the middle of the cylindrical shell, the water spraying pipe is provided with a plurality of spray heads and used for spraying flushing liquid to the cylindrical shell, the liquid discharging hole in the cylindrical shell is flushed, the liquid discharging hole is prevented from being blocked, a discharge port and a feed port are formed in two ends of the cylindrical shell, the driving motor is arranged at one end of the discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a baffle plate and a moving ring net, the moving ring net comprises a fixed ring piece and a moving ring piece, the fixed ring piece and the moving ring piece are mutually spaced and have a certain filtering gap, the moving ring piece eccentrically moves at a certain track under the pushing of the screw rotary vane, and the chemical filtrate is extruded through the relative movement between the moving ring piece and the fixed ring piece, so that the filtering separation effect of the material is improved, the total two convergence plates are arranged at the bottom in the middle of the cylindrical shell, two convergence plates have certain inclination and form a liquid outlet, and the chemical filtrate is collected and discharged.
The pressure filter comprises a driving motor, a clutch, a transmission shaft, a distribution head, a ball bearing, a left end cover, an outer barrel main body, a sealing cover plate, a sealing spacer block, a filter screen, an inner barrel main body, a liquid discharge pipe, a filler seal, a right end cover, a roller bearing, an outer barrel support, a supporting bottom plate, a side branch, a scraper discharging device and a discharging box, wherein the driving motor is connected with the transmission shaft through the clutch, the transmission shaft is detachably connected with the inner barrel main body, the distribution head is arranged at one end of the inner barrel main body and is fixedly connected to the left end cover through a support and corresponds to each pipe orifice of the outer barrel main body, corresponding pipe orifices are distributed on the distribution head, two ends of the outer barrel main body are sealed by the left end cover and the right end cover, the sealing cover plate is arranged on the outer barrel main body, the sealing spacer block is arranged between the inner barrel main body and the outer barrel main body, the filter screen is arranged on the surface of the inner barrel main body, the filter screen is cut apart into a plurality of filter unit by circumference and radial unit wall by the backup pad, radial filter unit's wall and inner tube main part center pin parallel and between become certain angle, there is interchangeable unit filtration plug-in components in filter unit, the last fluid-discharge tube that is equipped with of filter unit, the ring body is installed to inner tube main part both sides, both sides ring body outside is connected with left end axle and right-hand member axle respectively, left end axle and right-hand member axle respectively with ball bearing and roller bearing's inner circle fixed connection, ball bearing and roller bearing's outer lane respectively with left end lid and right-hand member lid fixed connection, the right-hand member lid is opened and is equipped with the feed inlet, the urceolus main part is connected with the supporting baseplate through lateral structure on the urceolus support, still be provided with scraper discharge apparatus between urceolus main part and the inner tube main part, it scrapes out the material on the filter unit and gets into the dump box, the urceolus main part is provided with the filtrating discharge port.
The pressure filter has the advantages of large filtering pressure, good sealing performance, continuous operation, full-automatic operation, adoption of different operating pressures in different chambers and the like.
The inner cylinder main body, the filter screen, the distribution head, the liquid discharge pipe, the scraper discharging device and the discharging box of the pressure filter, which are in contact with chemical materials, are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel materials, and the transmission shaft, the ball bearing, the left end cover, the outer cylinder main body, the sealing cover plate, the sealing spacer block, the packing seal, the right end cover, the roller bearing, the outer cylinder support, the supporting bottom plate and the side branch, which are not in contact with the chemical materials, are made of carbon steel materials.
The independent gravity separation filtering system also comprises a main control computer and a sensor, wherein the main control computer receives signals from the sensor and controls the on-off of 15 valves, the selection of 5 circulators, the running power of 6 feeding pumps, the driving power of a transmission device of the box type filter, the working voltage of 3 driving motors of the belt type filter press, the working voltage of a driving motor of the extrusion filter and the working voltage of a driving motor of the pressurization filter through a bus.
The sensor comprises a rotating speed sensor, a flow velocity sensor, a pressure gauge, a vibration sensor and a noise sensor, wherein the rotating speed sensor is arranged on a driving motor of the belt filter press, the extrusion filter and the compression filter and is used for measuring the rotating speed of the driving motor, the speed sensor is arranged on a movable plate of the box filter and is used for measuring the movement speed of the driving motor, a filtrate outlet of the box filter of the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of filtrate, the pressure gauge is arranged on a filter box of the box filter and an outer barrel body of the compression filter and is used for measuring pressure, and the vibration sensor and the noise sensor are arranged on a cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter and the outer barrel body of the compression filter and are used for measuring mechanical vibration signals and noise signals of the extrusion filter and the compression filter.
The main control computer is provided with a fuzzy control device and a processor, the fuzzy control device comprises a differentiator, a fuzzification interface, an output quantity conversion module, a reasoning machine and a knowledge base, a rotating speed sensor provides the measured rotating speed of a driving motor of the belt filter press, the extrusion filter and the pressurization filter to the differentiator, the differentiator subtracts the set rotating speed input by an operator from the measured rotating speed to obtain an error value E, the error value E obtains an error change rate dE/dt through the differentiator, the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt are provided to the fuzzification interface, fuzzification assignment is carried out on the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt to respectively obtain a fuzzification error value ME and a fuzzification error change value MEC, the fuzzification error value ME and the fuzzification error change value MEC are provided to the reasoning machine, the reasoning machine carries out fuzzy reasoning on the fuzzification error value ME and the fuzzification error value MEC according to the input and output membership value in the knowledge base and a logic reasoning rule, the fuzzification error value ME and the fuzzification error value MEC are provided to the actual control quantity U, the output by the output conversion module, and the MU is provided to the working voltage for the driving motor.
The fuzzy control device is a programmable logic controller, and RS232 communication is adopted between the programmable logic controller and a processor of the main control computer.
The fuzzification assignment process specifically comprises the following steps: selecting parameters PL, PB, PM, PS, ZO, NS, NM, NB and BL according to linguistic variables of an operator, wherein the parameters respectively represent positive oversize, positive center, positive small, zero, negative small, negative center, negative large and negative oversize, and corresponding fuzzy sets are { -n, -n +1,... Once.. 0,. Once.. N-1, n }, and n =4;
determination of the quantization factor, k e = n/e, wherein k e Is the error value quantization factor, e is the measured maximum error value, k ec ＝n/ec，k ec Is the error rate quantization factor, ec is the measured maximum error rate,
if m is less than or equal to k e E≤m+1,m&N, the fuzzification error value ME is k after rounding e E；
If k is e E&N, the fuzzification error value ME is-n;
if k is e E&N, the fuzzification error value ME is n;
if m is less than or equal to k ec E≤m+1,m&N, then the variation value MEC of the fuzzification error is k after rounding ec E；
If k is ec E&N, the variation value MEC of the fuzzification error is-n;
if k is ec E&And gt, n, the fuzzification error variation value MEC is n.
Wherein the knowledge base comprises a database and a rule base,
the fuzzy membership degree vector values of input and output variables are stored in the database, the vector values are a set of values corresponding to input and output variables after discretization through corresponding domains and the like, if the corresponding domains are continuous, the vector values can be used as membership degree functions, for the input fuzzy variables, the membership degree functions are stored in the database, and data are provided for an inference engine in a fuzzy inference relationship.
The rule base stores fuzzy rules, which are formed on the basis of long-term accumulated experience of operators and expert knowledge and are expressed by related vocabularies of logical relations, such as if-then, else, end, and, or the like.
The rapid setting of the parameters can be automatically and effectively realized through fuzzy control, and the waste on efficiency and the inaccuracy of precision caused by repeated modification of manual setting are reduced.
The device comprises a cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter, a vibration sensor, a noise sensor and a vibration sensor, wherein the circumferential direction of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter is uniformly and alternately provided with N vibration sensors and N noise sensors, the vibration sensors mechanically collect vibration signals, the noise sensors collect noise signals, and the material level in the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter is judged through the mechanical vibration signals and the noise signals.
The method comprises the following steps of judging the material level in the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter through a mechanical vibration signal and a noise signal:
step 1, filtering N collected mechanical vibration signals and N collected noise signals, removing useless signals, and obtaining N mechanical vibration signal curves and N collected noise signal curves;
step 2, fitting the N paths of mechanical vibration signal curves and the N paths of noise signal curves to obtain the ith mechanical vibration frequency function f iz And ith noise frequency function f ic ；
Step 3, calculating an average mechanical vibration frequency function f z And average noise frequency function f c ，i＝1,2,......,N；
And step 4, calculating the sound level,
wherein L is sound level intensity, t is time, e is the base number of a natural logarithmic function, lg is a logarithmic function, F () is an impact force function between materials, and H e () For the structural response function, a is the sound level weighting coefficient, σ rad Coefficient of acoustic radiation, eta s Is the internal damping coefficient, d is the average thickness of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter, and Re represents the real part of the complex number;
step 5, drawing a curve of the sound level intensity L, extracting an envelope signal, forming an envelope curve, performing down-sampling processing on the envelope signal, and performing data compression;
step 6, performing low-frequency reconstruction on the compressed data to obtain a low-frequency reconstruction signal;
and 7, comparing the low-frequency reconstruction signals with pre-measured low-frequency reconstruction signals respectively at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% material levels through the trained three-layer BP neural network, and outputting real-time material level information of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter.
The material level of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter is a macroscopic parameter, the material level change condition of the extrusion filter or the pressure filter is accurately grasped in real time, and the method is very important for controlling the load of the extrusion filter or the pressure filter, preventing the generation of fibrous and blocky materials and stabilizing the operation of the whole system.
The above-described embodiment merely represents one embodiment of the present invention, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a filtration system of independent gravity separation, its includes 1 belt filter press, 1 box filter, 1 pressure filter, 1 extrusion filter, 1 bacteria removing device, 1 sedimentation tank, 1 waste liquid pond, 1 collecting tank, 4 hold slag bath, 3 buffer tanks, 6 charge pumps, 5 way changers and 15 valves, its characterized in that: the sedimentation tank contains chemical industry slurry, the settled chemical industry slurry enters a belt filter press under the action of a first feeding pump through the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the belt filter press puts the filter-pressed chemical industry material into a first slag containing tank, the generated chemical industry filtrate enters a recovery main pipeline through a sixth feeding pump and a fourteenth valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, the upper part of the sedimentation tank is provided with a chemical industry filtrate outlet, the chemical industry filtrate enters a first route changer through a first valve and a second feeding pump, the first route changer is adjusted, the chemical industry filtrate enters a second route changer or a third route changer, the second route changer is adjusted, the chemical industry filtrate enters a waste liquid tank or enters a second valve, the chemical industry filtrate enters a box type filter after passing through the second valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, the box type filter puts the filtered chemical industry material into a second slag containing tank, chemical filtrate on the upper part of the box type filter enters a first buffer tank through a third valve, the chemical filtrate enters a third circuit breaker through a fourth valve under the drive of a third feeding pump after being buffered, the third circuit breaker is adjusted, the chemical filtrate enters a fifth valve or a fourth circuit breaker, the chemical filtrate enters an extrusion filter through the fifth valve, the chemical filtrate on the lower part of the extrusion filter enters a recovery main pipeline through a seventh valve and returns to a sedimentation tank, the extrusion filter puts the filtered chemical materials into a third slag containing tank, the chemical filtrate on the upper part enters a fourth commutator through an eighth valve, the fourth commutator is adjusted, the chemical filtrate enters a sterilizing device or the fifth commutator, the chemical filtrate on the bottom of the sterilizing device enters the fifth commutator through a thirteenth valve after being sterilized, the fifth commutator is adjusted, and the chemical filtrate enters the third buffer tank or a pressure filter, chemical filtrate in a third buffer tank enters a pressure filter through a fifth feeding pump and a twelfth valve, the pressure filter puts the filtered chemical materials into a fourth slag containing tank, the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the pressure filter enters a recovery main pipeline through an eleventh valve and returns to a sedimentation tank, the chemical filtrate at the upper part of the pressure filter enters a second buffer tank, the liquid in the second buffer tank is reusable chemical liquid, a part of chemical liquid enters a liquid collecting tank through the bottom of the second buffer tank, and a part of chemical liquid as flushing liquid returns to a box type filter, a pressure filter, an extrusion filter and a belt type filter press through a ninth valve, a tenth valve, a sixth valve and a fifteenth valve respectively through a fourth feeding pump so as to realize flushing of the box type filter, the pressure filter, the extrusion filter and the belt type filter press;
the belt filter press comprises a rack, a gravity separation area, a squeezing separation area and a liquid guiding device, wherein the gravity separation area, the squeezing separation area and the liquid guiding device are installed on the rack, the gravity separation area comprises a feed inlet, a first driving motor, a first deviation adjusting device, a supporting roller and a filter belt, the squeezing separation area comprises a second driving motor, a third driving motor, a pre-pressing device, an upper filter pressing belt, a lower filter pressing belt, a tensioning roller, a discharging roller, a dewatering roller system, a supporting roller, a second deviation adjusting device and a third deviation adjusting device, chemical pulp to be subjected to liquid removal enters the gravity separation area through the feed inlet, most of chemical pulp is removed from the filter belt under the action of gravity, and the first driving motor drives the supporting roller to rotate to drive the filter belt to rotate circularly;
the upper filter pressing belt and the lower filter pressing belt are made of polyester materials and adopt a twill weaving method;
the pre-compaction device divide into two parts from top to bottom, the upper segment includes upper boom arm and two rollers, two rollers rotate with the upper boom arm to be connected, upper boom arm one end and frame pin joint, the ejector pin is connected to the upper boom arm other end, the inside spring that has of ejector pin, thereby make two roller elastic compression upper filter belt upper surfaces of upper boom arm, the lower part includes lower boom arm and two rollers, two rollers rotate with lower boom arm to be connected, lower boom arm and frame fixed connection, two rollers of lower boom arm and lower filter belt lower surface contact, under the pressfitting effect of upper and lower two parts, go up the filter belt and filter belt superpose down together.
2. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 1, wherein: the first deviation adjusting device adjusts the operation route of the filter belt through the deviation adjusting roller to enable the filter belt to be in a certain tensioning state and prevent the filter belt from falling off the roller, chemical slurry enters the squeezing separation area after passing through the gravity separation area, the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are supported by the tensioning roller, the dewatering roller, the carrier roller and the unloading roller to form the squeezing separation area, the second driving motor and the third driving motor drive the unloading roller to realize continuous circular motion of the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt, the chemical slurry enters the opening formed by the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt, a filter cake is preliminarily formed under the action of the two prepressing devices, the filter cake further removes redundant chemical filtrate through the dewatering roller system to form chemical materials, the chemical materials enter the first residue containing pool after passing through the unloading roller, the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are respectively arranged on the second deviation adjusting device and the third deviation adjusting device, the operation route of the filter belt is adjusted through the deviation adjusting roller to enable the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt to be in a certain tensioning state and prevent the chemical slurry from falling off the gravity separation area, the filtrate enters the chemical guide device, and the filtrate returns to the settling device.
3. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 2, wherein: the dewatering roll system includes 5 dewatering rolls to be laid in the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt respectively, the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt are overlapped and formed in an S shape by squeezing, wherein a diameter of the first dewatering roll is 500mm and positioned in the lower filter press belt, a diameter of the second dewatering roll is 400mm and positioned in the upper filter press belt, a diameter of the third dewatering roll is 360mm and positioned in the lower filter press belt, a diameter of the fourth dewatering roll is 330mm and positioned in the upper filter press belt, and a diameter of the fifth dewatering roll is 220mm and positioned in the lower filter press belt.
4. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 1, wherein: the box type filter is formed by stacking a plurality of filter boxes, a spray pipe, a movable plate, a filter plate, a fixed plate, a frame and a transmission device are arranged in each filter box, the spray pipe is arranged at the upper part of each filter box, a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the spray pipe, flushing liquid is sprayed to the filter plate, the filter plate is provided with a plurality of movable plates, the filter plates and the fixed plates are arranged in the filter boxes from top to bottom, the movable plates and the filter plates are arranged on guide rails of the frame, the fixed plates are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the frame, the filter plates are provided with filter screens, the movable plates and the filter plates are connected through the transmission device to further realize linkage of the filter plates, the movable plates are driven by the transmission device to move towards the fixed plates and extrude the filter plates, in the operation process, the intervals between the filter plates are equal, the filter boxes are sealed by metal contact, and contact surfaces between the filter boxes are deformed by certain external pressure, so that the contact surfaces are tightly attached to prevent fluid from passing through; the box type filter is formed by stacking three filter boxes, and filter aids are arranged in the filter boxes; the spray pipe evenly distributed has a plurality of orifices, spouts the flush fluid to mix with the filter aid, under the effect of gravity and pressure, the mixed liquid flows to the exit of filter box through the filter plate.
5. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 4, wherein: and a pressure gauge is arranged on each filter box to measure the pressure of the filter box and avoid leakage.
6. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 5, wherein: wherein, whether the filter plate works normally is judged according to the effective filtering area of the filter plate, the effective filtering area A of the filter plate is calculated by the following formula,
in the formula, W is the mass of chemical filtrate filtered per hour, gamma is a filtration speed reliability coefficient, C is an experimental filtration speed, T is working time, and F is a filtration utilization coefficient;
the effective filtering ratio delta is calculated,
in the formula, A 0 The overall area of the filter plate;
when the angle is more than 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.6, the filter plate needs to be cleaned;
when the delta is less than or equal to 0.3, the filter plate needs to be replaced;
according to the comparison between the power P of the transmission device and the current driving power, judging whether the current transmission device works normally, the power P of the transmission device is calculated by the following formula,
wherein V is the moving speed of the movable plate, q is the unit length weight of the transmission chain of the transmission device, Λ is the center distance of chain wheels at two ends of the transmission device, omega is the motion resistance coefficient of the chain, G is the weight of the filter plate, mu is the transmission efficiency of the transmission device, eta is the moving speed of the movable plate, q is the unit length weight of the transmission chain, Λ is the center distance of the chain wheels at two ends of the transmission device, G is the weight of the filter plate, and mu is the transmission efficiency of the transmission device m The coefficient of friction of the movement of the filter plate.
7. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 1, wherein: the extrusion filter comprises a water spray pipe, a cylindrical shell, a screw rotary vane, a driving motor and a convergence plate, wherein a liquid discharge hole is formed in the middle of the cylindrical shell, the water spray pipe is arranged at the top in the middle of the cylindrical shell, the water spray pipe is provided with a plurality of spray heads and used for spraying flushing liquid to the cylindrical shell, the liquid discharge hole in the cylindrical shell is flushed, the liquid discharge hole is prevented from being blocked, a discharge port and a feed port are formed in two ends of the cylindrical shell, the driving motor is arranged at one end of the discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a baffle plate and a dynamic and static ring net, the dynamic and static ring net comprises a fixed ring sheet and a movable ring sheet, the fixed ring sheet and the movable ring sheet are mutually spaced and provided with a certain filtering gap, the movable ring sheet eccentrically moves along a certain track under the pushing of the screw rotary vane, extrusion effect is generated on chemical filtrate through the relative movement between the movable ring sheet and the fixed ring sheet, so that the filtering separation effect of materials is improved, the total two convergence plates are arranged at the bottom in the middle of the cylindrical shell, the two convergence plates are provided with a certain inclination, a liquid outlet is formed, and the chemical filtrate is converged and discharged.
8. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure filter comprises a driving motor, a clutch, a transmission shaft, a distribution head, a ball bearing, a left end cover, an outer barrel main body, a sealing cover plate, a sealing spacer block, a filter screen, an inner barrel main body, a liquid discharge pipe, a filler seal, a right end cover, a roller bearing, an outer barrel support, a support base plate, a side branch, a scraper discharging device and a discharging box, wherein the driving motor is connected with the transmission shaft through the clutch;
the inner barrel main body, the filter screen, the distribution head, the liquid discharge pipe, the scraper discharging device and the discharging box of the pressure filter, which are in contact with chemical materials, are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel materials, and the transmission shaft, the ball bearing, the left end cover, the outer barrel main body, the sealing cover plate, the sealing spacer block, the packing seal, the right end cover, the roller bearing, the outer barrel support, the supporting bottom plate and the side branch, which are not in contact with the chemical materials, are made of carbon steel materials.
9. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 8, wherein: the system also comprises a main control computer and a sensor, wherein the main control computer receives signals from the sensor and controls the on-off of 15 valves, the selection of 5 loop devices, the running power of 6 feeding pumps, the driving power of a transmission device of the box type filter, the working voltage of 3 driving motors of the belt type filter press, the working voltage of a driving motor of the extrusion filter and the working voltage of a driving motor of the compression filter through a bus;
the sensor comprises a rotating speed sensor, a flow velocity sensor, a pressure gauge, a vibration sensor and a noise sensor, wherein the rotating speed sensor is arranged on a driving motor of the belt filter press, the extrusion filter and the compression filter and is used for measuring the rotating speed of the driving motor;
the main control computer is provided with a fuzzy control device and a processor, the fuzzy control device comprises a differentiator, a fuzzification interface, an output quantity conversion module, a reasoning machine and a knowledge base, a rotating speed sensor provides the measured rotating speed of a driving motor of the belt filter press, the extrusion filter and the pressurization filter to the differentiator, the differentiator subtracts the set rotating speed input by an operator from the measured rotating speed to obtain an error value E, the error value E obtains an error change rate dE/dt through the differentiator, the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt are provided to the fuzzification interface, fuzzification assignment is carried out on the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt to respectively obtain a fuzzification error value ME and a fuzzification error change value MEC, the fuzzification error value ME and the fuzzification error change value MEC are provided to the reasoning machine, the reasoning machine carries out fuzzy reasoning on the fuzzification error value ME and the fuzzification error change value MEC to obtain a fuzzy control quantity MU according to the input and output membership vector value in the knowledge base and a logic reasoning rule to obtain a working voltage for the driving motor;
the fuzzy control device is a programmable logic controller, and RS232 communication is adopted between the programmable logic controller and a processor of the main control computer;
the fuzzification assignment process specifically comprises the following steps: selecting parameters PL, PB, PM, PS, ZO, NS, NM, NB and BL according to linguistic variables of an operator, wherein the parameters respectively represent positive oversize, positive center, positive small, zero, negative small, negative center, negative large and negative oversize, and a corresponding fuzzy set { -n, -n +1,. 9.. 0.. 9.. N-1, n }, and n =4;
determination of the quantization factor, k e = n/e, wherein k e Is the error value quantization factor, e is the measured maximum error value, k ec ＝n/ec，k ec Is the error rate quantization factor, ec is the measured maximum error rate,
if m is less than or equal to k e E≤m+1,m&N, the fuzzification error value ME is k after rounding e E；
If k is e E&N, the fuzzification error value ME is-n;
if k is e E&N, the fuzzification error value ME is n;
if m is less than or equal to k ec E≤m+1,m&N, the variation value MEC of the blurring error is k after rounding ec E；
If k is ec E&N, the variation value MEC of the fuzzification error is-n;
if k is ec E&N, the variation value MEC of the fuzzification error is n;
the knowledge base comprises a database and a rule base,
the fuzzy membership vector values of the input variables and the output variables are stored in the database, the vector values are a set of corresponding values of the input variables and the output variables after discretization through corresponding domains and the like, if the corresponding domains are continuous, the corresponding domains can be used as membership functions, for the input fuzzy variables, the membership functions are stored in the database, and data are provided for an inference engine in a fuzzy inference relationship.
10. A single gravity separation filtration system according to claim 8, wherein:
n vibration sensors and N noise sensors are uniformly and crossly arranged on the circumferential direction of a cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter, the vibration sensors mechanically acquire vibration signals, the noise sensors acquire noise signals, and the material level in the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter is judged according to the mechanical vibration signals and the noise signals;
the specific steps of judging the material level in the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter through the mechanical vibration signal and the noise signal are as follows:
step 1, filtering N collected mechanical vibration signals and N collected noise signals, removing useless signals, and obtaining N mechanical vibration signal curves and N collected noise signal curves;
step 2, fitting the N paths of mechanical vibration signal curves and the N paths of noise signal curves to obtain the ith mechanical vibration frequency function f iz And ith noise frequency function f ic ；
Step 3, calculating an average mechanical vibration frequency function f z And average noise frequency function f c ，i＝1,2,......,N；
And step 4, calculating the sound level,
wherein L is sound level intensity, t is time, e is the base number of a natural logarithmic function, lg is a logarithmic function, F () is an impact force function between materials, and H e () For the structural response function, a is the sound level weighting coefficient, σ rad Coefficient of acoustic radiation, η s The internal damping coefficient, d is the average thickness of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter, and Re represents the real part of the complex number;
step 5, drawing a curve of the sound level intensity L, extracting an envelope signal, forming an envelope curve, performing down-sampling processing on the envelope signal, and performing data compression;
step 6, performing low-frequency reconstruction on the compressed data to obtain a low-frequency reconstruction signal;
and 7, comparing the low-frequency reconstruction signals with pre-measured low-frequency reconstruction signals respectively at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% material levels through the trained three-layer BP neural network, and outputting real-time material level information of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter.
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Effective date of registration: 20190919 Address after: 350500 Fujian County of Lianjiang Province town of Fuzhou Phoenix City National Road No. 15 waterfront garden No. 3 Building 1 layer 14. Applicant after: Fuzhou Heyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 266071 Shandong city of Qingdao province Ningxia City Road No. 308 Applicant before: Qingdao University |