CN107670385A - A kind of extruding filtration system of chemical industry slurry - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of extruding filtration system of chemical industry slurry, it includes 1 belt filter press, 1 chamber type filter, 1 pressing filter, 1 extruding filter, 1 bactericidal device, 1 settling tank, 1 waste liquid pool, 1 collecting tank, 4 solid-holding ponds, 3 surge tanks, 6 feed pumps, 5 Ge Huan roads devices and 15 valves, extruding filter includes sparge pipe, cylindrical shell, screw rod vane, motor and converges plate, and screw rod vane uses discontinuous.

Description

A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry

technical field

The invention belongs to a chemical separation system, in particular to a squeeze filter system for chemical slurry.

Background technique

At present, the production technology of the separation system of chemicals is weak, the degree of automation of the production line is low, there are many manual operations, the process is scattered, and the working environment is poor. The problems in the production process are as follows.

The current separation system is aimed at a single type of chemical slurry, and the pipeline cannot be adjusted in a timely manner according to the needs to realize the processing of different slurries; the separation efficiency of the separation system is low, the degree of automatic control is low, and the manual operation efficiency of the operator is low; the production process The adjustment and monitoring of certain parameters mainly rely on the monitoring of experienced operators, so that the production information and process data cannot be accurate and cannot be adjusted in time.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a chemical separation system, which can allow users to adjust pipelines according to needs, uses multiple cycles, and filters more thoroughly.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a squeeze filter system for chemical slurry, which includes 1 belt filter press, 1 box filter, 1 pressure filter, 1 squeeze filter Pressure filter, 1 sterilization device, 1 settling tank, 1 waste liquid tank, 1 liquid collection tank, 4 slag holding tanks, 3 buffer tanks, 6 feed pumps, 5 circuit changers and 15 valves, characterized in that: the settling tank contains chemical slurry, and the settled chemical slurry enters the belt filter press through the bottom of the settling tank under the action of the first feed pump, and the belt filter press filter press The chemical materials are put into the first slag holding tank, and the produced chemical filtrate enters the recovery main line through the sixth feed pump and the fourteenth valve and returns to the settling tank. There is a chemical filtrate outlet on the upper part of the settling tank, and the chemical filtrate passes through the first valve. The second feed pump enters the first circuit changer, adjust the first circuit changer, make the chemical filtrate enter the second circuit changer or enter the third circuit changer, adjust the second circuit changer, make the chemical filtrate enter the waste liquid pool or After entering the second valve, the chemical filtrate enters the box filter after passing through the second valve, and the chemical filtrate at the lower part of the box filter enters the recovery main line and returns to the sedimentation tank, and the box filter puts the filtered chemical material into the second container The slag pool, the chemical filtrate on the upper part of the box filter enters the first buffer tank through the third valve, and after buffering, it is driven by the third feed pump and enters the third circuit breaker through the fourth valve to adjust the third circuit breaker. The chemical filtrate enters the fifth valve or the fourth switch, and the chemical filtrate enters the extrusion filter after passing through the fifth valve. The chemical filtrate in the lower part of the extrusion filter enters the recovery main line through the seventh valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, and the extrusion filter Put the filtered chemical materials into the third slag holding tank, the upper chemical filtrate enters the fourth commutator through the eighth valve, adjust the fourth commutator, the chemical filtrate enters the sterilization device or the fifth commutator, and removes bacteria. The chemical filtrate at the bottom of the bacteria device enters the fifth commutator through the thirteenth valve after being sterilized. After adjusting the fifth commutator, the chemical filtrate enters the third buffer tank or pressurized filter, and the chemical filtrate of the third buffer tank passes through The fifth feed pump and the twelfth valve enter the pressurized filter, and the pressurized filter puts the filtered chemical materials into the fourth slag holding tank, and the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the pressurized filter enters the recovery supervisor through the eleventh valve The line returns to the sedimentation tank, and the chemical filtrate on the upper part of the pressurized filter enters the second buffer tank. The liquid in the second buffer tank is a reusable chemical liquid. Part of the chemical liquid enters the liquid collection pool through the bottom of the second buffer tank, and part of the The liquid is used as flushing liquid to return to the box filter, pressure filter, squeeze filter and belt filter through the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the sixth valve and the fifteenth valve respectively through the fourth feed pump, To realize the flushing of box filters, pressurized filters, squeeze filters and belt filter presses;

The squeeze filter includes a water spray pipe, a cylindrical shell, a screw blade, a drive motor and a converging plate. There is a small discharge hole in the middle of the cylindrical shell, and the water spray pipe is set in the middle On the top, the water spray pipe is provided with multiple nozzles, which are used to spray the flushing liquid to the cylindrical shell, flush the small discharge holes on the cylindrical shell, and prevent the small discharge holes from being blocked. Both ends are provided with a discharge port and a feed port, the drive motor is set at one end of the discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a baffle plate and a dynamic and static ring network, the dynamic and static ring network includes a fixed ring piece and a moving ring piece, and the fixed ring piece and the moving ring The plates are spaced apart from each other and have a certain filtration gap. The moving ring plate moves eccentrically along a certain track under the push of the screw blades. Through the relative movement between the moving ring plate and the fixed ring plate, the chemical filtrate is extruded, thereby improving the material efficiency. Filtration separation effect, there are two converging plates, which are arranged at the bottom of the middle of the cylindrical shell. The two converging plates have a certain inclination and form a liquid outlet to collect and discharge the chemical filtrate;

The screw blade adopts discontinuous type. The blade is installed on the rod shaft in sections. It is divided into four sections, and a certain distance is kept between each section. Chemical materials produce contact force, and the contact force of the rotary blade is decomposed into circumferential component force and axial component force. Under the action of axial component force, the spiral surface pushes the material to move along the axial direction, from the entrance to the exit At a break, because there is no rotary blade, the material will accumulate until a certain pressure is met, and it will be continuously pushed into the next rotary blade section by continuous feeding. During this period, the circumferential force will squeeze the chemical physics. Pressure, thereby strengthening the extrusion of chemical materials.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The processing and manufacturing of various chemical slurries is realized by using multiple filtering devices, multiple circuit breakers and valves;

2. Triple circulation makes the filtration of waste liquid more thorough;

3. The automatic flushing of each filter device is realized through the automatic flushing system;

4. Monitor the material level in real time to prevent the formation of fibrous and lumpy materials;

5. Realized the independent realization of gravity separation and pressure filtration separation, prolonging the gravity separation time;

6. The deviation adjustment device combines the deviation adjustment and tensioning functions, so that each filter belt will not fall off the roll and deviate, and can adjust the tension of each filter belt in real time;

7. The pressurized filter has the advantages of high filtration pressure, good sealing performance, continuous operation, fully automatic operation, and different operating pressures in different chambers;

8. Through the fuzzy control, the waste of efficiency and the inaccuracy of precision caused by repeated revisions of manual settings are reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the extrusion filtration system schematic diagram of chemical industry slurry of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of belt filter press of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of extrusion filter of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front view of the pressure filter of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a side view of the pressure filter of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the fuzzy controller of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiments of the present invention are shown with reference to FIGS. 1-6 .

A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry, which includes a belt filter press, a box filter, a pressure filter, a squeeze filter, a sterilization device, a Settling tank, 1 waste liquid tank, 1 liquid collection tank, 4 slag holding tanks, 3 buffer tanks, 6 feed pumps, 5 circuit breakers and 15 valves, characterized in that: the settling tank accommodates chemical Slurry, the settled chemical slurry enters the belt filter press through the bottom of the sedimentation tank under the action of the first feed pump, and the belt filter press puts the filtered chemical material into the first slag holding tank to produce The chemical filtrate enters the recovery main line through the sixth feed pump and the fourteenth valve and returns to the settling tank. There is a chemical filtrate outlet on the upper part of the settling tank. The chemical filtrate enters the first circuit breaker through the second feed pump through the first valve. The first switch makes the chemical filtrate enter the second switch or enter the third switch, adjust the second switch so that the chemical filtrate enters the waste liquid pool or enters the second valve, after the chemical filtrate passes through the second valve , into the box-type filter, the chemical filtrate in the lower part of the box-type filter enters the recovery main line and returns to the sedimentation tank, the box-type filter puts the filtered chemical materials into the second slag holding tank, and the chemical filtrate in the upper part of the box-type filter passes through The third valve enters the first buffer tank. After buffering, driven by the third feed pump, it enters the third circuit breaker through the fourth valve and adjusts the third circuit breaker. The chemical filtrate enters the fifth valve or the fourth circuit breaker. , the chemical filtrate enters the extrusion filter after passing through the fifth valve, and the chemical filtrate at the lower part of the extrusion filter enters the recovery main line through the seventh valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, and the extrusion filter puts the filtered chemical materials into the third slag container The upper part of the chemical filtrate enters the fourth commutator through the eighth valve, adjusts the fourth commutator, the chemical filtrate enters the sterilization device or the fifth commutator, and the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the sterilization device passes through the fourth commutator after being sterilized. The thirteenth valve enters the fifth commutator, adjusts the fifth commutator, the chemical filtrate enters the third buffer tank or pressurized filter, and the chemical filtrate in the third buffer tank enters the charging tank through the fifth feed pump and the twelfth valve. Pressure filter, the pressure filter puts the filtered chemical materials into the fourth slag holding tank, the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the pressure filter enters the recovery main line through the eleventh valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, the chemical filtrate on the upper part of the pressure filter The filtrate enters the second buffer tank, and the liquid in the second buffer tank is a reusable chemical liquid. Part of the chemical liquid enters the liquid collection pool through the bottom of the second buffer tank, and part of the chemical liquid passes through the fourth feed pump as the flushing liquid. The ninth valve, the tenth valve, the sixth valve and the fifteenth valve return to the box filter, pressurized filter, squeeze filter and belt filter press to realize the adjustment of the box filter, pressurized filter , Squeeze filter and belt filter press flushing.

The system uses multiple filter devices to achieve effective filtration of chemical filtrate; multiple circuit breakers and valves are set up to allow users to adjust the pipeline according to needs; it constitutes a triple filter cycle, recovery cycle and backwash cycle Circulation makes the filtration of waste liquid more thorough, and can automatically flush each filter device to prevent the occurrence of chemical materials clogging the device.

Among them, the settling tank contains a flocculant to make the chemical slurry easy to deliquid.

Among them, the belt filter press includes a frame, a gravity separation area, a press separation area, and a liquid guide device. The gravity separation area, a press separation area, and a liquid guide device are installed on the frame. A driving motor, a first deflection adjustment device, support rollers and a filter belt, the press separation zone includes a second driving motor, a third driving motor, a pre-pressing device, an upper filter belt, a lower filter belt, a tension roller, a discharge Roller, dehydration roller system, idler roller, second deviation adjustment device and third deviation adjustment device, the chemical slurry to be deliquored enters the gravity separation area through the feed port, and the chemical slurry is removed by gravity on the filter belt. Part of the chemical filtrate, the first drive motor drives the support roller to rotate to drive the filter belt to rotate circularly, the first deviation adjustment device adjusts the running route of the filter belt through the deviation adjustment roller, so that the filter belt is in a certain tension state and prevents it from falling off the roll. After passing through the gravity separation zone, the slurry enters the press separation zone. The upper and lower filter press belts are supported by tension rollers, dewatering rollers, support rollers and discharge rollers to form a press separation zone. The second drive motor and the third drive motor The unloading roller is driven to realize the continuous circular motion of the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt, and the chemical slurry enters the opening formed by the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt, and the filter is initially formed under the action of the two pre-pressing devices. Cake, the filter cake passes through the dewatering roller system to remove the excess chemical filtrate to form chemical materials, and enters the first slag holding pool after passing through the unloading roller, and the second deviation adjustment device and the third deviation adjustment device are respectively arranged on the upper filter belt and the lower pressure filter belt, adjust the running route of the filter belt through the deflection adjustment roller, so that the upper and lower pressure filter belts are in a certain tension state and prevent them from falling off the roll. The chemical filtrate enters the liquid guiding device, and the chemical filtrate in the liquid guiding device returns to the sedimentation tank.

The traditional filter press cannot achieve separate control of gravity separation and pressure filtration separation. The above belt filter press is equipped with a separate gravity separation area, which realizes the separate realization of gravity separation and pressure filtration separation. The separate gravity separation area can be extended Gravity separation time provides a working basis for subsequent filter press separation, effectively improving the filter press effect; the deviation adjustment device combines the deviation adjustment and tensioning functions, so that each filter belt will not fall off the roll and deviate, and can adjust each filter belt in real time. The tension of the filter belt.

Among them, the dewatering roller system includes 5 dewatering rollers, which will be respectively arranged in the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt, and the upper filter press belt and the lower filter press belt will be extruded and stacked to form an S shape. The diameter of the roller is 500mm, located in the lower filter belt, the second dewatering roller has a diameter of 400mm, located in the upper filter belt, the third dewatering roller has a diameter of 360mm, located in the lower filter belt, the fourth dehydrating roller has a diameter of 330mm, Located in the upper filter press belt, the fifth dewatering roller has a diameter of 220mm and is located in the lower filter press belt.

The setting of the above-mentioned dewatering roller system can make the filter cake be squeezed and sheared at the same time, thereby strengthening the dehydration effect; the design of the diameter of the five dewatering rollers realizes the gradient change of pressure, and prevents the filter cake from being caused by The phenomenon that the slurry runs out due to the high water content of the initial slurry.

Among them, the upper filter belt and the lower filter belt are made of polyester material, and adopt the twill weave method.

The adhesion of polyester material is 2.1N/m ² , and the filter belt of polyester material has low adhesion to filter cake, so that the belt press filter can work continuously and effectively.

Among them, a plurality of spray nozzles are arranged on the upper surface of the upper filter press belt to wash the upper filter press belt, and a plurality of sprinkler nozzles are arranged on the lower part of the lower surface of the lower filter press belt to wash the lower filter press belt. The flushing liquid is sprayed, and the chemical filtrate after flushing enters the liquid guiding device.

The above spraying device realizes the automatic cleaning of the upper and lower pressure filter belts and prevents damage to the filter belts.

Among them, the box-type filter is composed of multiple filter boxes stacked. Each filter box is equipped with a nozzle, a moving plate, a filter plate, a fixed plate, a frame and a transmission device. The nozzle is arranged on the upper part of the filter box. There are multiple nozzles to spray the flushing liquid to the filter plate. There are multiple filter plates. The moving plate, filter plate and fixed plate are arranged in the filter box from top to bottom. The plate is fixed on the bottom of the frame, and the filter plate is equipped with a filter screen. The moving plate and the filter plate are connected by a transmission device to realize the linkage of the filter plate. The moving plate is driven by the transmission device to move to the fixed plate and squeeze the filter plate. In the process of operation, the distance between the filter plates is equal, and the metal contact seal is used between the filter boxes, and the contact surface between the filter boxes is deformed by a certain external pressure, so that the contact surface is tightly fitted and prevents fluid pass.

Among them, the box-type filter is composed of three filter boxes stacked, and filter aids are provided in the filter boxes.

Among them, the spray pipe is evenly distributed with a number of spray holes, which spray out the flushing liquid and mix it with the filter aid. Under the action of gravity and pressure, the mixed liquid passes through the filter plate and flows to the outlet of the filter box.

Wherein, each filter box is provided with a pressure gauge to measure the pressure of the filter box to avoid leakage.

Among them, according to the effective filtration area of the filter plate, it is judged whether the filter plate is working normally, and the effective filtration area A of the filter plate is calculated by the following formula,

In the formula, W is the quality of the chemical filtrate filtered per hour, the reliability coefficient of gamma filtration speed, C is the experimental filtration speed, T is the working time, and F is the filtration utilization factor;

Calculate the effective filtering ratio Δ,

In the formula, _A0 is the overall area of the filter plate;

When 0.3<Δ≤0.6, the filter plate needs to be cleaned;

When Δ≤0.3, the filter plate needs to be replaced.

Among them, according to the power P of the transmission device and the current driving power comparison, to judge whether the current transmission device is working normally, the power P of the transmission device is calculated by the following formula,

In the formula, V is the moving speed of the moving plate, q is the weight per unit length of the transmission chain of the transmission device, Λ is the center distance of the sprockets at both ends of the transmission device, ω is the movement resistance coefficient of the chain, G is the weight of the filter plate, and μ is The transmission efficiency of the transmission device, η _m is the friction coefficient of the filter plate movement.

Among them, the squeeze filter includes a water spray pipe, a cylindrical shell, a screw blade, a driving motor and a converging plate. There is a small discharge hole in the middle of the cylindrical shell, and the water spray pipe is arranged on the cylindrical shell At the top in the middle, the water spray pipe is provided with a plurality of nozzles, which are used to spray the flushing liquid to the cylindrical shell, flush the small discharge holes on the cylindrical shell, and prevent the small discharge holes from being blocked. The two ends of the shell are provided with a discharge port and a feed port, and the drive motor is provided at one end of the discharge port. The discharge port is provided with a baffle plate and a dynamic and static ring network. The dynamic and static ring network includes a fixed ring piece and a moving ring piece. The moving ring pieces are spaced apart from each other and have a certain filtration gap. The moving ring piece moves eccentrically along a certain trajectory under the push of the screw blades. Through the relative movement between the moving ring piece and the fixed ring piece, the chemical filtrate is extruded, thereby improving For the filtration and separation effect of materials, there are two converging plates, which are arranged at the bottom of the middle of the cylindrical shell. The two converging plates have a certain inclination and form a liquid outlet to collect and discharge the chemical filtrate.

The screw blade adopts discontinuous type. The blade is installed on the rod shaft in sections. It is divided into four sections, and a certain distance is kept between each section. Chemical materials produce contact force, and the contact force of the rotary blade is decomposed into circumferential component force and axial component force. Under the action of axial component force, the spiral surface pushes the material to move along the axial direction, from the entrance to the exit At a break, because there is no rotary blade, the material will accumulate until a certain pressure is met, and it will be continuously pushed into the next rotary blade section by continuous feeding. During this period, the circumferential force will squeeze the chemical physics. Pressure, thereby strengthening the extrusion of chemical materials.

The pressure filter includes drive motor, clutch, transmission shaft, distribution head, ball bearing, left end cover, outer cylinder main body, sealing cover plate, sealing spacer, filter screen, inner cylinder main body, drain pipe, packing seal, right end cover , roller bearings, outer cylinder support, support bottom plate, side support, scraper discharge device and discharge box, the drive motor is connected to the transmission shaft through the clutch, the transmission shaft is detachably connected to the inner cylinder main body, and the distribution head is installed inside At one end of the main body of the cylinder, the distribution head is connected to the left end cover through a bracket and fixed, corresponding to the nozzles of the main body of the outer cylinder, and the corresponding nozzles are distributed on the distribution head. The two ends of the main body of the outer cylinder are sealed by the left and right end covers. There is a sealing cover plate on the main body of the cylinder, a sealing spacer is provided between the main body of the inner cylinder and the main body of the outer cylinder, and a filter screen is provided on the surface of the main body of the inner cylinder, and the filter screen is divided into several filter screens by the circumferential and radial unit walls and the support plate. Unit, the wall surface of the radial filter unit is parallel to the central axis of the inner cylinder body and forms a certain angle between them. There are interchangeable unit filter inserts in the filter unit. The filter unit is equipped with a drain pipe. Both sides of the inner cylinder body A ring body is installed, and the left end shaft and the right end shaft are respectively connected to the outside of the ring body on both sides. The cover and the right end cover are fixedly connected, and the right end cover is provided with a material inlet. The main body of the outer cylinder is connected to the supporting bottom plate through the side support structure on the support of the outer cylinder. A scraper unloading device is also arranged between the main body of the outer cylinder and the main body of the inner cylinder. The material on the filter unit is scraped out and enters the unloading box, and the main body of the outer cylinder is provided with a filtrate discharge port.

The above pressurized filter has the advantages of high filtration pressure, good sealing performance, continuous operation, fully automatic operation, and different operating pressures in different chambers.

Among them, the inner cylinder body, filter screen, distribution head, liquid discharge pipe, scraper unloading device, and unloading box of the pressurized filter that are in contact with chemical materials are made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the drive shaft that does not contact with chemical materials , ball bearings, left end cover, outer cylinder main body, sealing cover plate, sealing spacer, packing seal, right end cover, roller bearings, outer cylinder support, supporting bottom plate and side supports are made of carbon steel materials.

Among them, the extrusion filtration system of chemical slurry also includes a main control computer and sensors. The main control computer receives signals from the sensors and controls the on-off of 15 valves, the selection of 5 loopers, and the selection of 6 feeders through the bus. The operating power of the pump, the driving power of the transmission of the box filter, the working voltage of the three driving motors of the belt filter press, the working voltage of the driving motor of the extrusion filter, the work of the driving motor of the pressurized filter Voltage.

Among them, the sensors include speed sensors, speed sensors, flow rate sensors, pressure gauges, vibration sensors and noise sensors. The speed sensor is installed on the moving plate of the box filter to measure its movement speed. The flow sensor is installed at the filtrate outlet of the box filter to detect the flow rate of the filtrate. The pressure gauge is installed on the filter of the box filter. The outer cylinder body of the box and the pressurized filter is used to measure the pressure, and the vibration sensor and the noise sensor are installed on the cylindrical shell of the squeeze filter and the outer cylinder body of the pressurized filter to measure the pressure of the squeeze filter and the pressurized filter. The mechanical vibration signal and noise signal of the press filter.

Among them, the main control computer has a fuzzy control device and a processor. The fuzzy control device includes a differentiator, a differentiator, a fuzzy interface, an output conversion module, an inference engine, and a knowledge base. The speed of the driving motor of the extrusion filter and the pressure filter is provided to the differential device, and the differential device subtracts the set speed input by the operator from the measured speed to obtain the error value E, and the error value E passes through the differentiator to obtain the error change rate dE /dt, the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt are provided to the fuzzification interface, and the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt are fuzzy assigned to obtain the fuzzy error value ME and the fuzzy error change value MEC respectively. The fuzzy error value ME and the fuzzy error change value MEC are provided to the inference engine, and the inference engine performs fuzzy inference on the fuzzy error value ME and the fuzzy error change value MEC according to the input and output membership degree vector values in the knowledge base and logical reasoning rules Get the fuzzy control quantity MU, the output conversion module converts the fuzzy control quantity MU into the actual control quantity U, and provides the working voltage to the driving motor according to the actual control quantity U.

Wherein, the fuzzy control device is a programmable logic controller, and RS232 communication is adopted between the programmable logic controller and the processor of the main control computer.

Among them, the process of fuzzy assignment is specifically as follows: according to the selection of language variables of the operator, the parameters PL, PB, PM, PS, ZO, NS, NM, NB, and BL respectively represent positive super large, positive large, medium, positive small, zero, Negative small, negative medium, negative large, negative super large, the corresponding fuzzy set {-n,-n+1,...,0,...,n-1,n}, n= 4;

Determine the quantization factor, k _e =n/e, wherein, k _e is the quantization factor of the error value, e is the maximum error value of the measurement, k _ec =n/ec, k _ec is the quantization factor of the error change rate, and ec is the maximum measurement error error rate of change,

If m≤k _e E≤m+1, m<n, the fuzzy error value ME is the rounded k _e E;

If k _e E<-n, the fuzzy error value ME is -n;

If k _e E>n, the fuzzy error value ME is n;

If m≤k _ec E≤m+1, m<n, the fuzzy error change value MEC is the rounded k _ec E;

If k _ec E<-n, the fuzzy error change value MEC is -n;

If k _ec E>n, the fuzzy error change value MEC is n.

Among them, the knowledge base includes a database and a rule base,

The fuzzy membership degree vector value of the input and output variables is stored in the database. This vector value is a set of corresponding values after the input and output quantities are discretized by the corresponding domain of discourse. If the corresponding domain of discourse is continuous, it can be used as the degree of membership Function, for the input fuzzy variables, the membership function is stored in the database, and provides data to the inference engine in the fuzzy inference relationship.

There are fuzzy rules stored in the rule base. Fuzzy rules are formed on the basis of long-term accumulated experience of operators combined with expert knowledge, and are expressed by related logical vocabulary, such as if-then, else, end, and, or, etc. .

The rapid setting of parameters can be automatically and effectively realized through fuzzy control, which reduces the waste of efficiency and inaccurate accuracy caused by repeated revisions of manual settings.

Among them, N vibration sensors and N noise sensors are evenly arranged on the circumference of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter. The vibration sensors mechanically collect vibration signals, and the noise sensors collect noise signals. Judging by the mechanical vibration signals and noise signals The material level in the cylindrical housing of the squeeze filter and the outer cylinder body of the pressure filter.

Wherein, the specific steps of judging the material level in the cylindrical housing of the squeeze filter through the mechanical vibration signal and the noise signal are as follows:

Step 1, filter the collected N-way mechanical vibration signals and N-way noise signals, remove useless signals, and obtain N-way mechanical vibration signal curves and N-way noise signal curves;

Step 2, fitting the N-way mechanical vibration signal curves and N-way noise signal curves to obtain the i-th mechanical vibration frequency function f _iz and the i-th noise frequency function f _ic ;

Step 3, calculating the average mechanical vibration frequency function f _z and the average noise frequency function f _c , i=1,2,...,N;

Step 4, calculate the sound level,

In the formula, L is the sound level intensity, t is the time, _e is the base number of the natural logarithmic function, lg is the logarithmic function, F() is the impact force function between materials, He () is the structural response function, a is the sound level weighting coefficient, σ _rad sound radiation coefficient, η _s is the internal damping coefficient, d is the average thickness of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter, and Re represents the real part of the complex number;

Step 5, drawing the curve of the sound level intensity L, and extracting the envelope signal, forming an envelope curve and performing down-sampling processing on the envelope signal, and performing data compression;

Step 6, performing low-frequency reconstruction on the compressed data to obtain a low-frequency reconstruction signal;

Step 7, pass the above-mentioned low-frequency reconstructed signal through the trained three-layer BP neural network, which is respectively 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% of the pre-measured , 90% of the low-frequency reconstruction signal of the material level is compared, and the real-time material level information of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter is output.

The material level of the cylindrical shell of the squeeze filter is a macro parameter, and the real-time and accurate grasp of the change of the material level of the squeeze filter or the pressurized filter is very important for controlling the load of the squeeze filter or the pressurized filter. It is very important to prevent the formation of fibrous and lumpy materials and stabilize the operation of the entire system.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only an embodiment of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry, comprising 1 belt filter press, 1 box filter, 1 pressure filter, 1 squeeze filter, 1 sterilizer, 1 settling tank, 1 waste liquid tank, 1 liquid collection tank, 4 slag holding tanks, 3 buffer tanks, 6 feeding pumps, 5 circuit breakers and 15 valves, characterized in that: the settling tank Hold the chemical slurry, the settled chemical slurry enters the belt filter press through the bottom of the sedimentation tank under the action of the first feed pump, and the belt filter press filters the chemical material into the first slag holding tank , the produced chemical filtrate enters the recovery main line through the sixth feed pump and the fourteenth valve and returns to the settling tank. There is a chemical filtrate outlet on the upper part of the settling tank, and the chemical filtrate enters the first circuit breaker through the first valve and the second feed pump , adjust the first switch so that the chemical filtrate enters the second switch or enter the third switch, adjust the second switch so that the chemical filtrate enters the waste liquid pool or enters the second valve, and the chemical filtrate passes through the second switch After the valve, it enters the box filter. The chemical filtrate in the lower part of the box filter enters the recovery main line and returns to the sedimentation tank. The box filter puts the filtered chemical materials into the second slag holding tank. The filtrate enters the first buffer tank through the third valve, and after buffering, driven by the third feed pump, it enters the third circuit breaker through the fourth valve, adjusts the third circuit breaker, and the chemical filtrate enters the fifth valve or the fourth change circuit The chemical filtrate enters the squeeze filter after passing through the fifth valve, and the chemical filtrate at the lower part of the squeeze filter enters the recovery main line through the seventh valve and returns to the settling tank. The squeeze filter puts the filtered chemical material into the third In the slag holding tank, the upper chemical filtrate enters the fourth commutator through the eighth valve, adjusts the fourth commutator, the chemical filtrate enters the sterilization device or the fifth commutator, and the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the sterilization device is sterilized Enter the fifth commutator through the thirteenth valve, adjust the fifth commutator, the chemical filtrate enters the third buffer tank or pressurized filter, and the chemical filtrate in the third buffer tank passes through the fifth feed pump and the twelfth valve Enter the pressurized filter, the pressurized filter puts the filtered chemical materials into the fourth slag holding tank, the chemical filtrate at the bottom of the pressurized filter enters the recovery main line through the eleventh valve and returns to the sedimentation tank, the upper part of the pressurized filter The chemical filtrate enters the second buffer tank, the liquid in the second buffer tank is a reusable chemical liquid, part of the chemical liquid enters the liquid collection pool through the bottom of the second buffer tank, and part of the chemical liquid passes through the fourth feed pump as a flushing liquid Respectively through the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the sixth valve and the fifteenth valve to return to the box filter, pressure filter, extrusion filter and belt filter press to realize the box filter, pressurization Flushing of filters, squeeze filters and belt filter presses; The squeeze filter includes a water spray pipe, a cylindrical shell, a screw blade, a drive motor and a converging plate. There is a small discharge hole in the middle of the cylindrical shell, and the water spray pipe is set in the middle On the top, the water spray pipe is provided with multiple nozzles, which are used to spray the flushing liquid to the cylindrical shell, flush the small discharge holes on the cylindrical shell, and prevent the small discharge holes from being blocked. Both ends are provided with a discharge port and a feed port, the drive motor is set at one end of the discharge port, the discharge port is provided with a baffle plate and a dynamic and static ring network, the dynamic and static ring network includes a fixed ring piece and a moving ring piece, and the fixed ring piece and the moving ring The plates are spaced apart from each other and have a certain filtration gap. The moving ring plate moves eccentrically along a certain track under the push of the screw blades. Through the relative movement between the moving ring plate and the fixed ring plate, the chemical filtrate is extruded, thereby improving the material efficiency. Filtration separation effect, there are two converging plates, which are arranged at the bottom of the middle of the cylindrical shell. The two converging plates have a certain inclination and form a liquid outlet to collect and discharge the chemical filtrate; The screw blade adopts discontinuous type. The blade is installed on the rod shaft in sections. It is divided into four sections, and a certain distance is kept between each section. Chemical materials produce contact force, and the contact force of the rotary blade is decomposed into circumferential component force and axial component force. Under the action of axial component force, the spiral surface pushes the material to move along the axial direction, from the entrance to the exit At a break, because there is no rotary blade, the material will accumulate until a certain pressure is met, and it will be continuously pushed into the next rotary blade section by continuous feeding. During this period, the circumferential force will squeeze the chemical physics. Pressure, thereby strengthening the extrusion of chemical materials. 2. The squeeze filtration system of a kind of chemical slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: a belt filter press, comprising a frame, a gravity separation zone, a pressing separation zone and a liquid guide device, a gravity separation zone, The press separation area and the liquid guiding device are installed on the frame. The gravity separation area includes the feed inlet, the first drive motor, the first deviation adjustment device, the support roller and the filter belt, and the press separation area includes the second drive motor, the third drive Motor, preloading device, upper filter belt, lower filter belt, tension roller, unloading roller, dewatering roller system, idler roller, second deviation adjustment device and third deviation adjustment device, chemical slurry to be deliquored It enters the gravity separation area through the feed port, and the chemical slurry is removed by gravity on the filter belt to remove most of the chemical filtrate. The first drive motor drives the support roller to rotate to drive the filter belt to rotate circularly. The first deviation adjustment device is adjusted by the deviation adjustment roller. The running route of the filter belt keeps the filter belt in a certain tension state and prevents it from coming off the roll. The chemical slurry enters the press separation zone after passing through the gravity separation zone. , supporting rollers and unloading rollers to form a press separation area, the second drive motor and the third drive motor drive the unloading rollers to realize the continuous circular movement of the upper and lower filter press belts, and the chemical slurry enters and distributes in the upper filter press The opening formed by the filter belt and the lower pressure filter belt, under the action of two pre-pressing devices, a filter cake is initially formed, and the filter cake passes through the dehydration roller system to remove the excess chemical filtrate to form chemical materials, and then enters the first stage after passing through the discharge roller. A slag holding tank, the second deviation adjustment device and the third deviation adjustment device are respectively arranged on the upper filter belt and the lower pressure filter belt, and the running route of the filter belt is adjusted by the deviation adjustment roller, so that the upper pressure filter belt and the lower pressure filter belt are in the position of A certain tension state and prevent it from falling off the roll, the chemical filtrate removed in the gravity separation area and the press separation area enters the liquid guide device, and the chemical filtrate in the liquid guide device returns to the settling tank. 3. A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: the box filter is composed of a plurality of filter boxes stacked, and each filter box is provided with a nozzle, a moving plate, and a filter plate , fixed plate, frame and transmission device, the nozzle pipe is arranged on the upper part of the filter box, and a plurality of nozzles are arranged on the nozzle pipe to spray the flushing liquid to the filter plate. The bottom is arranged in the filter box, the moving plate and the filter plate are set on the guide rail of the frame, the fixed plate is fixed on the bottom of the frame, the filter plate is set with a filter screen, and the moving plate and the filter plate are connected by a transmission device to realize the filter. The linkage of the plates, the moving plate is driven by the transmission device to move to the fixed plate and squeeze the filter plate. During the operation, the distance between the filter plates is the same, and the filter boxes are sealed with metal contact. The external pressure deforms the contact surface between the filter boxes, so that the contact surface fits tightly and prevents the fluid from passing through; the box filter is composed of three filter boxes stacked with filter aids inside. 4. A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressurized filter comprises a drive motor, a clutch, a transmission shaft, a distribution head, a ball bearing, a left end cover, an outer cylinder main body, Sealing cover plate, sealing spacer, filter screen, inner cylinder main body, drain pipe, packing seal, right end cover, roller bearing, outer cylinder support, supporting base plate, side support, scraper discharge device and discharge box, drive The motor is connected to the transmission shaft through the clutch, and the transmission shaft is detachably connected to the main body of the inner cylinder. The distribution head is installed at one end of the main body of the inner cylinder. Corresponding nozzles are distributed on the distribution head, the two ends of the main body of the outer cylinder are sealed by the left end cover and the right end cover, the main body of the outer cylinder is provided with a sealing cover plate, and a sealing spacer is arranged between the main body of the inner cylinder and the main body of the outer cylinder. The surface of the main body is provided with a filter screen. The filter screen is divided into several filter units by the circumferential and radial unit walls and the support plate. The wall surface of the radial filter unit is parallel to the central axis of the inner cylinder main body and forms a certain angle between them. There are interchangeable unit filter inserts inside, the filter unit is provided with a drain pipe, rings are installed on both sides of the main body of the inner cylinder, and the outside of the rings on both sides are respectively connected with a left end shaft and a right end shaft, and the left end shaft and the right end shaft are respectively connected to the The inner rings of the ball bearings and roller bearings are fixedly connected, and the outer rings of the ball bearings and roller bearings are fixedly connected with the left end cover and the right end cover respectively. The structure is connected with the supporting bottom plate, and a scraper unloading device is arranged between the main body of the outer cylinder and the main body of the inner cylinder, which scrapes the material on the filter unit and enters the discharge box, and the main body of the outer cylinder is provided with a filtrate discharge port. 5. A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system also includes a main control computer and sensors, the main control computer receives signals from the sensors, and controls 15 valves through the bus On-off, selection of 5 loopers, operating power of 6 feed pumps, drive power of transmission of box filter, working voltage of 3 drive motors of belt filter press, extrusion filter The working voltage of the driving motor, the working voltage of the driving motor of the pressurized filter. 6. A squeeze filter system for chemical slurry according to claim 5, characterized in that the sensor includes a rotational speed sensor, a speed sensor, a flow rate sensor, a pressure gauge, a vibration sensor and a noise sensor, and the rotational speed sensor is installed on a belt type On the drive motor of filter press, squeeze filter and pressure filter, it is used to measure the rotation speed of the drive motor. The speed sensor is installed on the moving plate of the box filter to measure its movement speed. The flow sensor box filter At the outlet of the filtrate, it is used to detect the flow rate of the filtrate. The pressure gauge is installed on the filter box of the box filter and the outer cylinder body of the pressurized filter to measure the pressure. The vibration sensor and the noise sensor are installed on the circle of the extrusion filter. The cylindrical shell and the outer cylinder body of the pressurized filter are used to measure the mechanical vibration signal and noise signal of the squeeze filter and the pressurized filter. 7. The squeeze filtration system of a kind of chemical slurry according to claim 6, characterized in that: the main control computer has a fuzzy control device and a processor, and the fuzzy control device includes a differential device, a differentiator, a fuzzy interface, an output Quantity conversion module, inference engine, knowledge base, the speed sensor provides the measured speed of the driving motor of the belt filter press, extrusion filter and pressurized filter to the differential device, and the differential device uses the settings input by the operator The error value E is obtained by subtracting the speed from the measured speed, and the error value E is obtained by the differentiator to obtain the error change rate dE/dt, and the error value E and the error change rate dE/dt are provided to the fuzzy interface, and the error value E and the error change rate dE /dt for fuzzy assignment, respectively get the fuzzy error value ME and the fuzzy error change value MEC, the fuzzy error value ME and the fuzzy error change value MEC are provided to the inference engine, and the inference engine outputs the membership degree according to the input in the knowledge base The vector value and logical reasoning rules perform fuzzy reasoning on the fuzzy error value ME and the fuzzy error change value MEC to obtain the fuzzy control quantity MU. The driving motor provides working voltage. 8. The extrusion filtration system of a chemical slurry according to claim 7, characterized in that: the process of fuzzy assignment is specifically: selecting parameters PL, PB, PM, PS, ZO according to the operator's language variables , NS, NM, NB, BL represent positive super large, positive large, positive middle, positive small, zero, negative small, negative middle, negative large, negative super large, corresponding fuzzy sets {-n,-n+1,... ...,0,...,n-1,n},n=4; Determine the quantization factor, k _e =n/e, wherein, k _e is the quantization factor of the error value, e is the maximum error value of the measurement, k _ec =n/ec, k _ec is the quantization factor of the error change rate, and ec is the maximum measurement error error rate of change, If m≤k _e E≤m+1, m<n, the fuzzy error value ME is the rounded k _e E; If k _e E<-n, the fuzzy error value ME is -n; If k _e E>n, the fuzzy error value ME is n; If m≤k _ec E≤m+1, m<n, the fuzzy error change value MEC is the rounded k _ec E; If k _ec E<-n, the fuzzy error change value MEC is -n; If k _ec E>n, the fuzzy error change value MEC is n; Among them, the knowledge base includes a database and a rule base, The fuzzy membership degree vector value of the input and output variables is stored in the database. This vector value is a set of corresponding values after the input and output quantities are discretized by the corresponding domain of discourse. If the corresponding domain of discourse is continuous, it can be used as the degree of membership Function, for the input fuzzy variables, the membership function is stored in the database, and provides data to the inference engine in the fuzzy inference relationship. 9. The squeeze filter system of a kind of chemical slurry according to claim 6, characterized in that: wherein, N vibration sensors and N vibration sensors and N The noise sensor, the vibration sensor mechanically collects the vibration signal, the noise sensor collects the noise signal, and judges the material level in the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter and the outer cylinder body of the pressurized filter through the mechanical vibration signal and the noise signal. 10. The squeeze filter system of a kind of chemical slurry according to claim 9, characterized in that: the specific steps of judging the material level in the cylindrical housing of the squeeze filter by mechanical vibration signals and noise signals are as follows : Step 1, filter the collected N-way mechanical vibration signals and N-way noise signals, remove useless signals, and obtain N-way mechanical vibration signal curves and N-way noise signal curves; Step 2, fitting the N-way mechanical vibration signal curves and N-way noise signal curves to obtain the i-th mechanical vibration frequency function f _iz and the i-th noise frequency function f _ic ; Step 3, calculating the average mechanical vibration frequency function f _z and the average noise frequency function f _c , i=1,2,...,N; Step 4, calculate the sound level, <mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>*</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>lg</mi><mo>|</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>z</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>|</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>lg</mi><mi>Re</mi><mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>j</mi><mn>90</mn></mrow></msup><mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo><mo>+</mo><mi>lg</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><msub><mi>a&amp;sigma;</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mi>z</mi></msub></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>lg&amp;eta;</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>lg</mi><mi>d</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow> In the formula, L is the sound level intensity, t is the time, _e is the base number of the natural logarithmic function, lg is the logarithmic function, F() is the impact force function between materials, He () is the structural response function, a is the sound level weighting coefficient, σ _rad sound radiation coefficient, η _s is the internal damping coefficient, d is the average thickness of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter, and Re represents the real part of the complex number; Step 5, drawing the curve of the sound level intensity L, and extracting the envelope signal, forming an envelope curve and performing down-sampling processing on the envelope signal, and performing data compression; Step 6, performing low-frequency reconstruction on the compressed data to obtain a low-frequency reconstruction signal; Step 7, pass the above-mentioned low-frequency reconstructed signal through the trained three-layer BP neural network, and the values obtained in advance are respectively 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%. , 90% of the low-frequency reconstruction signal of the material level is compared, and the real-time material level information of the cylindrical shell of the extrusion filter is output.