CN107668390A - 一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料 - Google Patents

一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107668390A
CN107668390A CN201710795156.7A CN201710795156A CN107668390A CN 107668390 A CN107668390 A CN 107668390A CN 201710795156 A CN201710795156 A CN 201710795156A CN 107668390 A CN107668390 A CN 107668390A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
variegated carp
fatality rate
case fatality
special low
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN201710795156.7A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
项旭东
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ANHUI LANTIAN SPECIAL TURTLES Co Ltd
Original Assignee
ANHUI LANTIAN SPECIAL TURTLES Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ANHUI LANTIAN SPECIAL TURTLES Co Ltd filed Critical ANHUI LANTIAN SPECIAL TURTLES Co Ltd
Priority to CN201710795156.7A priority Critical patent/CN107668390A/zh
Publication of CN107668390A publication Critical patent/CN107668390A/zh
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K50/00Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/26Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K10/00Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A23K10/38Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material from distillers' or brewers' waste
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/105Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/142Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/158Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/163Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/174Vitamins
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30Oligoelements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆5‑12份,天然鱼粉10‑20份,花生粕8‑15份,河蚌肉5‑10份,玉米20‑40份,膨化红薯粉30‑40份,动物源蛋白20‑30份,防水剂1‑2份,大豆磷脂0.5‑1.2份,甜菜碱0.15‑0.3份,酒糟1‑4份,预混料1‑2份,海泡石复合物2‑4份。本发明营养丰富,配方合理,遇水不易分散,便于花鲢进食,且可有效提高花鲢免疫力,增强花鲢抗病能力,花鲢病死率低。

Description

一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料
技术领域
本发明涉及花鲢饲料技术领域,尤其涉及一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料。
背景技术
花鲢是人类重要的食物来源之一,其具有丰富的营养成分,是秋冬季是体弱者进补的好水产食品,不仅味道鲜美,而且营养价值极高。其蛋白质含量为猪肉的两倍,且属于优质蛋白,人体吸收率高。花鲢中富含丰富的硫胺素、核黄素、尼克酸、维生素D和一定量的钙、磷、铁等矿物质。花鲢肉中脂肪含量虽低,且多为不饱和脂肪酸,具有抗动脉粥样硬化作用,所以对防治心脑血管疾病、增强记忆力、保护视力、消除炎症颇有益处。
目前花鲢喂养一般采用普通鱼饲料,由于鱼品种丰富,不同品种的鱼及不同培育阶段的生长习性不同,采用一般的饲料投喂难以满足现代花鲢养殖发展的需求。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,本发明营养丰富,配方合理,遇水不易分散,便于花鲢进食,且可有效提高花鲢免疫力,增强花鲢抗病能力,花鲢病死率低。
本发明提出了一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆5-12份,天然鱼粉10-20份,花生粕8-15份,河蚌肉5-10份,玉米20-40份,膨化红薯粉30-40份,动物源蛋白20-30份,防水剂1-2份,大豆磷脂0.5-1.2份,甜菜碱0.15-0.3份,酒糟1-4份,预混料1-2份,海泡石复合物2-4份。
优选地,所述防水剂包括鱼油、花生油。
优选地,鱼油与花生油的重量比为0.5-1.2:1-3。
优选地,所述动物源蛋白包括骨肉粉、螺蛳粉。
优选地,骨肉粉与螺蛳粉的重量比为10-20:30-35。
优选地,海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:将纳米二氧化硅、浓度90-95wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为72-78℃搅拌,加入海泡石粉、乙二醇超声震荡,震荡温度为145-165℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
优选地,海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将10-18份纳米二氧化硅、80-120份浓度92-94wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为73-75℃搅拌0.5-2h,加入4-18份海泡石粉、1-2份乙二醇超声震荡15-35min,震荡温度为150-156℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
优选地,所述预混料的原料包括:淀粉20-40份,膨润土5-10份,微量元素1-2份,维生素1-2份,矿物盐1-2份,赖氨酸0.1-0.2份,蛋氨酸0.1-0.2份,葡萄籽油1-2份。
本发明绿色无污染,营养均衡,可高速促进花鲢生长,增强花鲢免疫力,增强花鲢抗病力,有效降低花鲢的死亡率,其针对花鲢消化性能和养殖特点,科学配比各种原料,植物性蛋白与动物性蛋白复配,可为花鲢提供充足的蛋白质,并符合花鲢的消化生理,有效促进花鲢生长,提高消化吸收率。
本发明中,河蚌肉、玉米、膨化红薯粉复配具有很强的粘合效果,易于成型,与海泡石复合物复配,在保证制品遇水不散的基础上,具备一定的吸水性,饲料呈现一定的蓬松状态,花鲢食用方便,另外进入肠道后海泡石复合物相当于肠道清道夫,不仅可吸附肠道内有害物质,且可促使花鲢的肠道蠕动,快速将垃圾排除体外,另外排除体外的垃圾包合性好,海泡石复合物可将其吸附在一起,并沉在水底,作用水生植物的养料使用,洁净环保。
其中在海泡石复合物中,纳米二氧化硅分散在乙醇溶液中,在一定条件下处理,可有效负载在海泡石粉上,由于海泡石呈纤维束状结构,纳米二氧化硅可有效分散在束状结构内部与表面,不仅吸附性能好,并具有一定的吸水性,进一步海泡石复合物与鱼油、花生油协同作用不仅可有效促进花鲢进食,并可使制品在水中时表面形成具有一定程度的防护膜,即使海泡石复合物吸水后也能保证营养物质溢出少,鱼油、花生油与甜菜碱、酒糟作用,具有特殊的香味,可显著增强制品对花鲢的诱惑力,进一步增强花鲢进食。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆5份,天然鱼粉20份,花生粕8份,河蚌肉10份,玉米20份,膨化红薯粉40份,动物源蛋白20份,防水剂2份,大豆磷脂0.5份,甜菜碱0.3份,酒糟1份,预混料2份,海泡石复合物2份。
实施例2
一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆12份,天然鱼粉10份,花生粕15份,河蚌肉5份,玉米40份,膨化红薯粉30份,动物源蛋白30份,防水剂1份,大豆磷脂1.2份,甜菜碱0.15份,酒糟4份,预混料1份,海泡石复合物4份。
实施例3
一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆11份,天然鱼粉14份,花生粕12份,河蚌肉6份,玉米35份,膨化红薯粉36份,动物源蛋白26份,防水剂1.2份,大豆磷脂1份,甜菜碱0.2份,酒糟2份,预混料1.4份,海泡石复合物3.5份。
所述预混料的原料包括:淀粉20份,膨润土10份,微量元素1份,维生素2份,矿物盐1份,赖氨酸0.2份,蛋氨酸0.1份,葡萄籽油2份。
海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将10份纳米二氧化硅、120份浓度92wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为75℃搅拌0.5h,加入18份海泡石粉、1份乙二醇超声震荡35min,震荡温度为150℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
实施例4
一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆9份,天然鱼粉16份,花生粕10份,河蚌肉8份,玉米30份,膨化红薯粉38份,动物源蛋白24份,防水剂1.4份,大豆磷脂0.8份,甜菜碱0.25份,酒糟1.5份,预混料1.6份,海泡石复合物3份。
所述预混料的原料包括:淀粉40份,膨润土5份,微量元素2份,维生素1份,矿物盐2份,赖氨酸0.1份,蛋氨酸0.2份,葡萄籽油1份。
海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将18份纳米二氧化硅、80份浓度94wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为73℃搅拌2h,加入4份海泡石粉、2份乙二醇超声震荡15min,震荡温度为156℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
实施例5
一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆10份,天然鱼粉15份,花生粕11份,河蚌肉7份,玉米33份,膨化红薯粉37份,动物源蛋白25份,防水剂1.3份,大豆磷脂0.9份,甜菜碱0.23份,酒糟1.8份,预混料1.5份,海泡石复合物3.2份。
所述预混料的原料包括:淀粉32份,膨润土8份,微量元素1.4份,维生素1.6份,矿物盐1.2份,赖氨酸0.16份,蛋氨酸0.12份,葡萄籽油1.4份。
海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将14份纳米二氧化硅、105份浓度93wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为74℃搅拌1.5h,加入12份海泡石粉、1.4份乙二醇超声震荡32min,震荡温度为153℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:黄豆5-12份,天然鱼粉10-20份,花生粕8-15份,河蚌肉5-10份,玉米20-40份,膨化红薯粉30-40份,动物源蛋白20-30份,防水剂1-2份,大豆磷脂0.5-1.2份,甜菜碱0.15-0.3份,酒糟1-4份,预混料1-2份,海泡石复合物2-4份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,所述防水剂包括鱼油、花生油。
3.根据权利要求2所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,鱼油与花生油的重量比为0.5-1.2:1-3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,所述动物源蛋白包括骨肉粉、螺蛳粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,骨肉粉与螺蛳粉的重量比为10-20:30-35。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:将纳米二氧化硅、浓度90-95wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为72-78℃搅拌,加入海泡石粉、乙二醇超声震荡,震荡温度为145-165℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,海泡石复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将10-18份纳米二氧化硅、80-120份浓度92-94wt%乙醇水溶液中,在温度为73-75℃搅拌0.5-2h,加入4-18份海泡石粉、1-2份乙二醇超声震荡15-35min,震荡温度为150-156℃,过滤,干燥,粉碎,得到海泡石复合物。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的花鲢专用低病死率饲料,其特征在于,所述预混料的原料包括:淀粉20-40份,膨润土5-10份,微量元素1-2份,维生素1-2份,矿物盐1-2份,赖氨酸0.1-0.2份,蛋氨酸0.1-0.2份,葡萄籽油1-2份。
CN201710795156.7A 2017-09-06 2017-09-06 一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料 Withdrawn CN107668390A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710795156.7A CN107668390A (zh) 2017-09-06 2017-09-06 一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710795156.7A CN107668390A (zh) 2017-09-06 2017-09-06 一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107668390A true CN107668390A (zh) 2018-02-09

Family

ID=61135648

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710795156.7A Withdrawn CN107668390A (zh) 2017-09-06 2017-09-06 一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107668390A (zh)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1969658A (zh) * 2006-12-05 2007-05-30 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 酵素菌生物有机花鲢饵料及制备方法
CN104222603A (zh) * 2014-08-27 2014-12-24 张传凯 一种提高鱼肉营养水平的花鲢饲料及其制作方法
CN106360133A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-01 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 一种花鲢用浮性饲料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1969658A (zh) * 2006-12-05 2007-05-30 武汉合缘绿色生物工程有限公司 酵素菌生物有机花鲢饵料及制备方法
CN104222603A (zh) * 2014-08-27 2014-12-24 张传凯 一种提高鱼肉营养水平的花鲢饲料及其制作方法
CN106360133A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-01 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 一种花鲢用浮性饲料及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
刘志逊等: "矿产资源在水产养殖中的应用", 《台湾海峡》 *

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN104381657A (zh) 用于饲养翘嘴鲌的低氮磷排放全价配合饲料及制备方法
CN105851490A (zh) 一种增强免疫力的青虾幼体饲料
CN105053675A (zh) 一种肉牛饲料及其制作方法
CN102696868A (zh) 一种禽畜中药饲料
CN103989014A (zh) 家禽饲料
CN102132817A (zh) 一种适合12-24个月宝宝的植物营养粉
CN103549186B (zh) 一种沙蚕育成期用配合饲料及其制备方法
CN105285512A (zh) 草鱼饲料
CN103919054A (zh) 一种海鲜膨化米果及其制作工艺
CN106615944A (zh) 一种三黄鸡种鸡饲料及其制备方法
CN104664091A (zh) 一种鹅饲料及其加工方法
CN107668390A (zh) 一种花鲢专用低病死率饲料
CN104472935A (zh) 一种20~60日龄蛋鸡饲料及其制备方法
CN106798102A (zh) 一种奶牛饲料及应用该饲料得到富含叶黄素乳制品的方法
CN104286446A (zh) 一种增加乳牛产奶量的牛饲料
CN107319169A (zh) 一种鸭饲料及其制备方法
CN109527211A (zh) 控制宠物体重的食品及其制备方法
CN104642763A (zh) 一种甲鱼配合饲料
CN107343573A (zh) 一种鸡饲料
CN108056221A (zh) 一种羊饲料
CN105104898A (zh) 一种新型毛蟹混合饲料
CN107668389A (zh) 一种娃娃鱼饲料
CN107568439A (zh) 一种营养丰富抗病能力强龙虾饲料
CN105248948A (zh) 一种促消化的鸡饲料
CN105494908A (zh) 仔猪饲料

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication
WW01 Invention patent application withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20180209