CN107659150A - The direct current energy transform method and system that DCDC modules automatically switch - Google Patents

The direct current energy transform method and system that DCDC modules automatically switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107659150A
CN107659150A CN201710038932.9A CN201710038932A CN107659150A CN 107659150 A CN107659150 A CN 107659150A CN 201710038932 A CN201710038932 A CN 201710038932A CN 107659150 A CN107659150 A CN 107659150A
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China
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dcdc modules
dcdc
module
signal
modules
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CN201710038932.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN107659150B (en
Inventor
张海波
麦凯
李盛峰
柏志彬
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SHENZHEN HOTCHIP TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHENZHEN HOTCHIP TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582—Buck-boost converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

Direct current energy transform method and system that a kind of DCDC modules automatically switch include the N number of DCDC modules being arranged in parallel, output voltage detection feedback module and the clock signal module for providing operating clock signals；Control module detects the electric current for being output to external loading, and it is Q that the DCDC module numbers for needing to open are calculated according to load current size, and exports the enabled and opening control signal of Q DCDC module；The operating clock signals CLK of Q DCDC moduleNCycle phase it is same, each operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference is 360 degree divided by Q.Multi-channel DC/DC wired in parallel, exportable larger electric current, also reduce the power consumption of system；Multi-channel DC/DC module is respectively provided with the same chip, has a good parameter consistency feature, and each road current balance characteristic is good；Timesharing soft start and phase shift Time-sharing control, avoid overshoot, reduce the ripple of electric power output voltage, and output characteristics is more stable.

Description

The direct current energy transform method and system that DCDC modules automatically switch
Technical field
The invention belongs to direct current energy translation circuit and system；More particularly to current-mode there are multiple direct current energies to become Change the direct current energy transform method and system of unit.
Background technology
The switch adjuster that prior art is usually used in dc source conversion includes BUCK mode switch adjuster, BOOST moulds Formula switch adjuster and BUCK-BOOST mode switch adjusters, no matter the switch adjuster of that pattern, generally only all the way DCDC translation circuits, when output current is larger, its is less efficient, heating is larger, output ripple is also larger, to the saturation of inductance Current requirements are larger.Prior art only only has a DCDC module in an electrical conversion systems, is needing output current big When, it is necessary to which inductance saturation current is big, the volume requirement of inductance is also big；Obviously it is no longer appropriate in portable application, by In limiting, it is necessary to using small inductance for space, the peak point current of small inductor is smaller, is generated heat in heavy load than more serious, Therefore the power output ratio of single DCDC modules is limited.
In order to improve load capacity, in the present invention by the way of multiple DCDC conversion modules are in parallel, it is whole to improve system The load capacity of body so that system possesses the ability of output high current, is reduced also by such multiple DCDC of parallel connection mode The power consumption of system；And multi-channel DC/DC module is respectively provided with the same chip, has good parameter consistency feature, steady When determining working condition, the current balance characteristic of each road DCDC modules is good；And by the timesharing soft start of each DCDC modules, with And phase shift Time-sharing control, the overshoot of output voltage or electric current when being turned on and off multi-channel DC/DC is avoided, and reduce The ripple of electric power output voltage, output characteristics are more stable.
Because there is provided control module so that the number for the DCDC modules that system can open according to the situation adjust automatically of load Amount, and after multiple DCDC modules are opened, the electric current between each DCDC modules can obtain good balance, the electric current between each phase Deviation is small, and uniformity is good, also improves overall power conversion efficiency, heating is small, and the stability and reliability of whole system is good.
Explanation of nouns：
DCDC is English Direct current Direct current abbreviation, and Chinese implication is that DC voltage conversion is straight Flow voltage；Current_mode switching DCDC implication is the direct-current switch power supply converter of current-mode；Herein Middle signified DCDC is the direct-current switch power supply converter of current-mode, i.e., carries out two close cycles control simultaneously using voltage and current System, feedback voltage was both employed and has also used feedback current progress system control；
EA is writing a Chinese character in simplified form for error amplifier, i.e. error amplifier；
OSC is writing a Chinese character in simplified form for oscillator, i.e. oscillator；
MCU is Micro Controller Unit abbreviation, and Chinese is meant that microcontroller；
The implication of BUCK mode switch adjuster in this application is to be converted using the decompression DC/DC of BUCK REGULATOR modes Circuit；
The implication of BOOST mode switch adjuster in this application is to be become using the decompression DC/DC of BOOST REGULATOR modes Change circuit；
The implication of BUCK-BOOST mode switch adjuster in this application is the buck using BUCK-BOOST topological structures DC/DC translation circuits；It is the not isolated DC converter that a kind of output voltage can both be less than or be higher than input voltage, but its is defeated The polarity for going out voltage is opposite with input voltage.
PWM is English Pulse Width Modulation abbreviation, and Chinese implication is pulse width modulation；Pulsewidth width Modulation system（PWM）Switching mode mu balanced circuit be in the case where control circuit output frequency is constant, by adjusting its dutycycle, from And reach the purpose of regulated output voltage.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and propose a kind of multiphase certainly The direct current energy transformation system of dynamic switching, when needing large load current, start necessary amount automatically according to load current size DCDC modules, reduce electrical conversion systems power consumption reduce heating, and cause system it is more stable, output ripple is smaller.
It is the direct current energy conversion side that a kind of DCDC modules automatically switch to solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem uses Method, comprise the following steps：
A：Parallel way sets N number of be used for input direct voltage VinIt is transformed to output voltage VoutDCDC modules, N is described The quantity of power transfer module is flowed, N spans are 1 to M natural number；It is provided for output voltage VoutDetection and feedback Output voltage detects feedback module and for providing operating clock signals CLK simultaneously for N number of DCDC modulesNClock signal mould Block；
B：The output voltage detect feedback module sampling and outputting voltage and with the output voltage reference value V of settingref0Compare, it is defeated Go out peak value current controling signal VC to each DCDC modules；The DCDC modules are according to peak value comparison method signal VC adjustment outputs peak Value electric current is so as to changing output voltage Vout；
C：N number of DCDC modules receive the operating clock signals CLK for coming from the clock signal module output respectivelyN；
D：It is provided for the control module that N number of DCDC modules enable and open control；The control module detection is output to outside The electric current ILoad of loadsen, and according to the load current ILoad detectedsenSize calculates the DCDC number of modules for needing to open Measure as Q, and export the enabled and opening control signal of corresponding Q DCDC modules；I.e. described control module is according to load current ILoadsenSize, the DCDC modules of varying number are controlled to be turned on and off；Make Q DCDC module output currents size and outer Section load current needs are adapted；
E：The operating clock signals CLK of Q DCDC module of the clock signal module outputNCycle phase it is same, when respectively working Clock signal CLKNPhase difference is 360 degree divided by Q.
Solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem uses and can also be the direct current energy that a kind of DCDC modules automatically switch Transformation system, including：It is N number of be arranged in parallel be used for input direct voltage VinIt is transformed to output voltage VoutDCDC modules, N For the quantity of the DCDC modules, N spans are 1 to M natural number；For output voltage VoutDetection and the output of feedback Voltage detecting feedback module；Characterized in that, the direct current energy transformation system also includes, for being simultaneously N number of DCDC modules Operating clock signals CLK is providedNClock signal module；The control module of control is enabled and opened for N number of DCDC modules；N Individual DCDC modules receive the operating clock signals CLK for coming from the clock signal module output respectivelyN；The control module inspection Survey the electric current ILoad for being output to external loadingsen, and according to the load current ILoad detectedsenSize, which calculates, to be needed to open DCDC module numbers be Q, and export the enabled and opening control signal of corresponding Q DCDC modules；I.e. described control module root According to load current ILoadsenSize, the DCDC modules of varying number are controlled to be turned on and off；Make Q DCDC modules output electricity Stream size and external loading current needs are adapted；The work clock letter of Q DCDC module of the clock signal module output Number CLKNCycle phase it is same, each operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference be 360 degree divided by Q.
External inductors, DCDC modules and the external inductors composition are connected between the SW pins and ground of the DCDC modules Complete BUCK-BOOST converters, i.e., step-down/up type converter, the step-down/up type converter are that a kind of output voltage both can be low In the not isolated DC converter that can be also higher than input voltage, but the polarity of its output voltage is opposite with input voltage.
Certain DCDC modules can also be the power converting circuit including other implementations, such as BUCK mode switch Adjuster either BOOST mode switch adjusters, according to the power converting circuit of different mode, the company of associated electronic components Connect mode and also have corresponding adjustment, the sequential relationship of corresponding signal also has corresponding change, and the part is prior art, no Repeat in the present invention.
The original state that the direct current energy transformation system is opened, the work of only the first DCDC modules；When the control mould The load current ILoad that block detectssenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current first, the enabled control of control module output Signal and opening control signal open the 2nd DCDC modules to the 2nd DCDC modules；The first DCDC modules and described Two DCDC modules obtain respective operating clock signals CLK from the clock signal module1And CLK2；The first DCDC modules Operating clock signals CLK1With the operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules2Phase difference be 180 degree；When the control The load current that molding block detects is less than the threshold value of load current first, and the control module output enables control signal and opened Control signal is opened to the 2nd DCDC modules, closes the 2nd DCDC modules.
When the first DCDC modules and the 2nd DCDC modules all work, when the load that the control module detects Electric current ILoadsenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current second, the enabled control signal of control module output controls with unlatching Signal opens the 3rd dc source modular converter to the 3rd dc source modular converter；The first DCDC modules, described Two DCDC modules and the 3rd dc source modular converter obtain respective operating clock signals CLK from the clock signal module1、 CLK2And CLK3；The operating clock signals CLK of the first DCDC modules1With the 2nd DCDC module operating clock signals CLK2Phase difference be 120 degree；The 2nd DCDC module operating clock signals CLK2Obtained with the 3rd dc source modular converter Clock signal clk3Phase difference be 120 degree；As the load current ILoad that the control module detectssenLess than load electricity The second threshold value is flowed, the control module output enables control signal and opening control signal to the 3rd dc source modulus of conversion Block, close the 3rd dc source modular converter.
When the first DCDC modules and the 2nd DCDC modules all work, when the load that the control module detects Electric current ILoadsenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current the 3rd, the enabled control signal of control module output controls with unlatching Signal makes the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th to the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th dc source modular converter Dc source modular converter is opened；The first DCDC modules, the 2nd DCDC modules, the 3rd dc source modular converter and 4th dc source modular converter obtains respective operating clock signals CLK from the clock signal module1、CLK2、CLK3With CLK4；The operating clock signals CLK of the first DCDC modules1With the operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules2's Phase difference is 90 degree；The operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules2During with the work of the 3rd dc source modular converter Clock signal CLK3Phase difference be 90 degree；The operating clock signals CLK of the 3rd dc source modular converter3With the 4th direct current The clock signal clk that power transfer module obtains4Phase difference be 90 degree；When the load current that the control module detects is small In the threshold value of load current the 3rd, the control module output enables control signal and opening control signal to the 3rd dc source Modular converter and the 4th dc source modular converter, close the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th dc source modular converter Close.
The control module includes being used for load current ILoadsenSampling and calculate current sampling judge module and be used for Each DCDC modules are enabled and start the enabled with starting control module of control；Enabled exported with startup control module is used for respectively The enabled enabled control signal of DCDC modules and the startup control letter for the soft start for each DCDC modules, soft closing control Number arrive each DCDC modules；The enabled control signal is low and high level signal；The startup control signal is soft start control letter Number；The current sampling judge module obtains load current signal from external loading；Or the current sampling judge module is from institute State stream power transfer module and obtain load current signal.
The current sampling judge module includes first for load current sampled voltage and input voltage comparison operation Operational amplifier, current source and first comparator by the control of the first opamp-output signal, the first comparator are used Contrast computing in reference voltage signal and export enabled control signal and enabled to described with starting control module；Input voltage signal Inputted from the positive pole of first operational amplifier, negative pole of the load current sampled voltage signal from first operational amplifier Input；The output of first operational amplifier is used for the size of current for controlling the current source, the current source positive pole and electricity Input electrical connection is pressed, the current source negative pole passes through resistance eutral grounding；After the current source negative pole is by low-pass filter network The positive pole of the first comparator is input to, the voltage swing of the negative pole input signal of the first comparator is the first reference electricity Flow threshold value；First comparator output dc/dc module select signal SEL carries out each DCDC to described enabled and startup control module The enabled and unlatching control of module.
Described enabled and startup control module includes voltage follower, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT), time delay network, SP3T Switch and enabled and soft start logic controller；The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) includes A ends, B ends and D ends, and the SP3T is opened Pass includes E ends, F ends, G ends and H ends；The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and the SP3T switch receive the enabled and soft start Logic controller controls；The enabled input signal with soft start logic controller includes outside enable signal EN and DCDC moulds Block selection signal SEL；Enabled and soft start logic controller the output signal includes being output to the first DCDC modules With the enabled and opening control signal of the 2nd DCDC modules；The amplifier anode input of the voltage follower with it is described The output end electrical connection of output voltage detection feedback module obtains feedback voltage signal；The amplifier of the voltage follower simultaneously Electrode input end is electrically connected with the E ends with the SP3T switch, and the E ends of the SP3T switch are used as into described The lead-out terminal of the soft start control signal of one DCDC modules；When the enabled outside with the input of soft start logic controller makes Can signal EN it is effective, and when selection signal SEL be low level, the B ends of the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and D ends electrically connect, the list The G ends of the throw switch of knife three and the electrical connection of H ends；Described enable exports making for the first DCDC modules with soft start logic controller Energy and opening control signal, only described first DCDC modules, one DCDC module is for working condition；When it is described it is enabled with it is soft It is effective to start the outside enable signal EN of logic controller input, and when selection signal SEL is high level, the single-pole double throw is opened The A ends of pass and the electrical connection of D ends, the F ends of the SP3T switch and the electrical connection of H ends；The enabled and soft start logic control Device exports the enabled and opening control signal of the first DCDC modules and the 2nd DCDC modules；The SP3T switch H ends be used as the 2nd DCDC modules soft start control signal lead-out terminal, export the soft of the 2nd DCDC modules Start control signal；When the F ends of the SP3T switch and the D terminal voltage phases of the voltage at H ends and the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) Deng when, i.e., after the completion of described 2nd DCDC module soft starts, the H ends of the SP3T switch and the electrical connection of E ends；It is so that described The lead-out terminal of the soft start control signal of first DCDC modules and the 2nd DCDC modules exports stable voltage signal.
The control module includes microcontroller；The control module detection direct current energy transformation system is output to outer The load current in portion, the load current size that the control module judges to detect by microcontroller, calculates needs and opens The DCDC module numbers opened, and export the enabled and opening control signal of corresponding DCDC modules.
Compared with the existing technology compared with, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1st, using the parallel connection of multiple DCDC translation circuit modules Mode, the overall load capacity of system is improved, larger electric current can be exported；2nd, by way of such multiple DCDC of parallel connection Reduce the power consumption of system；3rd, multi-channel DC/DC is respectively provided with the same chip, has good parameter consistency feature, stable When working condition, the current balance characteristic of each road DCDC modules is good；4th, the timesharing soft start of each DCDC modules, Yi Jiyi are passed through Phase Time-sharing control, the overshoot of output voltage or electric current when being turned on and off multi-channel DC/DC is avoided, and reduce power supply The ripple of output voltage, output characteristics are more stable；5th, the control module set so that system can be adjusted automatically according to the situation of load The quantity of the DCDC modules of whole unlatching, and after multiple DCDC modules are opened, the electric current between each DCDC modules can obtain very well Balance, the current deviation between each phase is small, and uniformity is good, also improves overall power conversion efficiency, and heating is small, whole system The stability and reliability of system is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of one of the preferred embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is two system block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is only provided with two DCDC modules 800 in figure, i.e., first The DCDC modules 802 of DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd；
Fig. 3 is three system block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the control module 900 in figure includes microcontroller；
Fig. 4 is the system block diagram of one of the preferred embodiment of DCDC modules 800, and figure includes load current detection module, is used for Load current feedback signal and the adder of sawtooth waveforms add operation, the ratio for adder output and feedback voltage contrast computing Compared with device, comparator exports pwm control signal and is input to work(through output buffering Buff to logic controller, the output of logic controller Rate output mos pipe, one end of power output metal-oxide-semiconductor electrically connect with input power positive pole, while another pipe of power output metal-oxide-semiconductor Pin SW is grounded by external inductance；Voltage after the conversion of power output metal-oxide-semiconductor output simultaneously；
Fig. 5 is the timing diagram of coherent signal in Fig. 4, and parenthetic A represents that the signal is current signal after each signal name, Unit is ampere；Parenthetic parenthetic V represents that the signal is voltage signal after each signal name, and unit is volt；Wherein IL（A）For the external inductive currents of SW；VSW（V）For the voltage signal of SW points；VC（V）To detect feedback mould from the output voltage The feedback voltage signal that block 700 obtains；PWM（V）For the input control signal of logic controller；CLK（V）For from clock signal mould The clock signal that block 300 obtains；
Fig. 6 is the first DCDC modules when having two DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 the current signal of external inductance pin and one of the timing diagram of voltage signal；It is in figure Existing state is that only the first DCDC modules 801 are in running order, and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 are in the state do not opened；
Fig. 7 is the first DCDC modules when having two DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 external inductance pin current signal and voltage signal timing diagram two；It is in figure Existing state is the state that the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 are in unlatching；
Fig. 8 is clock signal module when having two DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch The theory diagram of one of 300 specific embodiment；Original crystal oscillator unit OSC in figure0Export original clock signal CLK0, when original Clock signal CLK0By exporting the clock signal clk that two phase differences are 180 degree after trigger and interrelated logic computing1With CLK2；
Fig. 9 is original clock signal clk in Fig. 80With the clock signal clk that two phase differences are 180 degree1And CLK2Sequential close System's figure；
Figure 10 is when having two DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch, for load current ILoadsenOne of specific embodiment of current sampling judge module 950 of sampling and calculating i.e. the first current sampling judge module 951 theory diagram；
Figure 11 is when having two DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch, for each DCDC moulds It is enabled with starting control that block 800 enables and started one of enabled and specific embodiment of startup control module 960 of control i.e. first The theory diagram of molding block 961；
Figure 12 is the timing diagram of coherent signal in Figure 11；
It is visible in figure, work as SEL（V）When signal is by low uprise, the signal EN2 enabled for the 2nd DCDC modules 802（V）Also by low Uprise, become to enable effective state；The soft start control signal VS2 of 2nd DCDC modules 802 simultaneously（V）When also passing through one section Between after uprised by low；
Work as SEL（V）When signal is by high step-down, the soft start control signal VS2 of the 2nd DCDC modules 802（V）When also passing through one section Between after by high step-down, as soft start control signal VS2（V）When being changed into low, the signal EN2 enabled for the 2nd DCDC modules 802 （V）Also by high step-down, enabled invalid state is become；The soft-start signal is the ramp voltage letter that an about 1mS slowly rises Number；Signal for soft closing is the ramp voltage signal that an about 1mS slowly declines；
For the convenience of drawing, the change procedure of a straightway, actually VS2 are present only in figure（V）Uprise from low or Can be that linear process can also be nonlinear index variation or the change procedure of other characteristics from the process of high step-down；Make The 2nd DCDC modules 802 startup or closing process be a process become slowly, rather than the step process that logical signal controls, The overshoot of caused output voltage or electric current when switching DCDC module numbers to reduce；
Figure 13 is when having three or four DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch, for bearing Carry electric current ILoadsenI.e. the second current sampling of the two of the specific embodiment of sampling and the current sampling judge module 950 calculated is sentenced The theory diagram of disconnected module 952；
Figure 14 is when having three DCDC modules in the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch, for each DCDC moulds Two i.e. second that block 800 enabled and started the enabled and specific embodiment of startup control module 960 of control is enabled with starting control The theory diagram of molding block 962；
Figure 15 is the timing diagram of coherent signal in Figure 14；Compared to the situation that two DCDC modules are opened in Figure 11, Tu14Zhong When opening multiple DCDC modules, the unlatching SECO of modules is soft start successively, switches DCDC number of modules to reduce The overshoot of caused output voltage or electric current during amount；
Figure 16 is four system block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with each accompanying drawing.
The direct current energy transform method that a kind of DCDC modules as shown in Figure 1 automatically switch, comprises the following steps：
A：It is arranged in parallel N number of be used for input direct voltage VinIt is transformed to output voltage VoutDCDC modules 800, N is described The quantity of power transfer module 800 is flowed, N spans are 1 to M natural number；It is provided for output voltage VoutDetection and feedback Output voltage detection feedback module 700 and for providing operating clock signals CLK simultaneously for N number of DCDC modules 800NClock Signaling module 300；M numerical value can be any one numerical value between 2 to 100, certainly more commonly used M value be 2,3, 4th, 6,8 and 10；
B：The output voltage detect the sampling and outputting voltage of feedback module 700 and with the output voltage reference value V of settingref0Than Compared with output peak value comparison method signal VC to each DCDC modules 800；The DCDC modules 800 are according to peak value comparison method signal VC adjustment exports peak point current so as to change output voltage Vout；
C：N number of DCDC modules 800 receive to come from the operating clock signals CLK that the clock signal module 300 exports respectivelyN；
D：It is provided for the control module 900 that N number of DCDC modules 800 enable and open control；The control module 900 detects defeated Go out the electric current ILoad to external loadingsen, and according to the load current ILoad detectedsenSize, which calculates, needs what is opened The quantity of DCDC modules 800 is Q, and exports the enabled and opening control signal of corresponding Q DCDC modules 800；I.e. described control mould Block 900 is according to load current ILoadsenSize, the DCDC modules 800 of varying number are controlled to be turned on and off；Make Q DCDC The output current size of module 800 and external loading current needs are adapted；Q numerical value is less than or equal to M, can be that even number can also For odd number；
E：The operating clock signals CLK for the Q DCDC module 800 that the clock signal module 300 exportsNCycle phase it is same, respectively Operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference is 360 degree divided by Q.
In the above-mentioned methods, the output electricity after the output voltage detection sampling and outputting voltage of feedback module 700 with setting Pressure reference value compares, output peak value comparison method signal to each DCDC modules 800；The DCDC modules 800 are according to peak point current Control signal adjustment exports peak point current so as to change output voltage.Due to by the way of multiple DCDC wired in parallel, effectively Reduce the power consumption of system so that the system power dissipation of the direct current energy transform method to be automatically switched using this kind of DCDC module is dropped It is low, when mitigating heavy duty application, the problem of system heat generation is big.
Especially when each DCDC modules are to set multiple DCDC modules on a single die, not only by simultaneously The mode of connection reduces the power consumption of DCDC modules in itself；The uniformity of the equivalent impedance property of each DCDC modules is good, therefore loads Electric current can be here divided evenly over each different DCDC modules；Different DCDC moulds are used as using the clock signal of same period The basis signal of the switch control of block 800, each DCDC modules 800 both can guarantee that the uniformity of work rhythm, and and can passes through clock The phase difference of signal so that the peak point current of output the different time sections of same period cause peak point current more it is steady and Weighing apparatus, reduce the ripple of system output voltage.
The direct current energy transformation system that a kind of DCDC modules as shown in Figure 1 automatically switch, including：It is N number of to be arranged in parallel For by input direct voltage VinIt is transformed to output voltage VoutDCDC modules 800, N be the DCDC modules 800 quantity, N Span is 1 to M natural number；For output voltage VoutThe output voltage of detection and feedback detection feedback module 700；Institute Stating direct current energy transformation system also includes, for providing operating clock signals CLK simultaneously for N number of DCDC modules 800NClock letter Number module 300；The control module 900 of control is enabled and opened for N number of DCDC modules 800；N number of DCDC modules 800 connect respectively By the operating clock signals CLK for coming from the output of clock signal module 300N；The detection of control module 900 is output to outer The electric current ILoad of section loadsen, and according to the load current ILoad detectedsenSize calculates the DCDC modules for needing to open 800 quantity are Q, and export the enabled and opening control signal of corresponding Q DCDC modules 800；The i.e. described basis of control module 900 Load current ILoadsenSize, the DCDC modules 800 of varying number are controlled to be turned on and off；Make Q DCDC module 800 defeated Go out size of current and external loading current needs are adapted；The Q DCDC module 800 that the clock signal module 300 exports Operating clock signals CLKNCycle phase it is same, each operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference be 360 degree divided by Q.Wherein M numerical value Can be any one numerical value between 2 to 100, certainly more commonly used M value is 2,3,4,6,8 and 10；Q numerical value is small Can be that even number can also be odd number in equal to M.
As shown in Fig. 2 external inductors, the DCDC modules are connected between the SW pins and ground of the DCDC modules 800 800 and external inductors form complete BUCK-BOOST converters, i.e. step-down/up type converter, the step-down/up type converter is one Kind output voltage can both be less than or the not isolated DC converter higher than input voltage, but the polarity of its output voltage and input Voltage is opposite.For the simplicity of figure in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, external inductors are eliminated.
As shown in fig. 6, the original state that the direct current energy transformation system is opened, only the first DCDC modules 801 work. As shown in Fig. 7 to 12, as the load current ILoad that the control module 900 detectssenMore than or equal to load current first Limit value, the output of control module 900 enable control signal and opening control signal to the 2nd DCDC modules 802, make second DCDC modules 802 are opened.It is described when the load current that the control module 900 detects is less than the threshold value of load current first The enabled control signal of the output of control module 900 and opening control signal make the 2nd DCDC modules 802 to the 2nd DCDC modules 802 Close.
As shown in Figure 8-9, the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 are from the clock signal mould Block 300 obtains respective operating clock signals CLK1And CLK2；The operating clock signals CLK of the first DCDC modules 8011With The operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022Phase difference be 180 degree.
As shown in Figure 13 to 15, when the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 all work, work as institute State the load current ILoad that control module 900 detectssenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current second, the control module The enabled control signal of 900 outputs and opening control signal change the 3rd dc source to the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 Module 803 is opened；The first DCDC modules 801, the 2nd DCDC modules 802 and the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 Respective operating clock signals CLK is obtained from the clock signal module 3001、CLK2And CLK3；The first DCDC modules 801 Operating clock signals CLK1With the operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022Phase difference be 120 degree；Described The operating clock signals CLK of two DCDC modules 8022The clock signal clk obtained with the 3rd dc source modular converter 8033Phase Difference is 120 degree；As the load current ILoad that the control module 900 detectssenIt is described less than the threshold value of load current second The enabled control signal of the output of control module 900 and opening control signal make the 3rd direct current to the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 Power transfer module 803 is closed.
In some embodiments unshowned in the accompanying drawings, the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 When all working, as the load current ILoad that the control module 900 detectssenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current the 3rd, The output of control module 900 enables control signal and opening control signal to the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 and the 4th Dc source modular converter 804, open the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 and the 4th dc source modular converter 804；Institute State the first DCDC modules 801, the 2nd DCDC modules 802, the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 and the 4th dc source turn Mold changing block 804 obtains respective operating clock signals CLK from the clock signal module 3001、CLK2、CLK3And CLK4；It is described The operating clock signals CLK of first DCDC modules 8011With the operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022Phase Difference is 90 degree；The operating clock signals CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022With the work of the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 Clock signal clk3Phase difference be 90 degree；The operating clock signals CLK of the 3rd dc source modular converter 8033With the 4th The clock signal clk that dc source modular converter 804 obtains4Phase difference be 90 degree；Detected when the control module 900 Load current is less than the threshold value of load current the 3rd, and the output of control module 900 enables control signal and opening control signal To the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 and the 4th dc source modular converter 804, make the 3rd dc source modular converter 803 Closed with the 4th dc source modular converter 804.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the control module 900 includes being used for load current ILoadsenSampling and the electric current calculated take Sample judge module 950 and the enabled and startup control module 960 that control is enabled and started for each DCDC modules 800；It is described to make The enabled control signal enabled for each DCDC modules 800 can be exported with starting control module 960 and for for each DCDC moulds The soft start of block 800, the startup control signal of soft closing control are to each DCDC modules 800；The enabled control signal is height Level signal；The startup control signal is soft start control signal；The current sampling judge module 950 obtains from external loading Obtain load current signal；Or the current sampling judge module 950 obtains load current letter from the stream power transfer module 800 Number.
As shown in Figure 10, the current sampling judge module 950 includes being used for load current sampled voltage and input voltage First operational amplifier 606 of comparison operation, the current source 607 and first controlled by the output signal of the first operational amplifier 606 Comparator 608, the first comparator 608 is used for reference voltage signal contrast computing and the enabled control signal of output makes described in Can be with starting control module 960；Input voltage signal is inputted from the positive pole of first operational amplifier 606, and load current is adopted Sample voltage signal inputs from the negative pole of first operational amplifier 606；The output of first operational amplifier 606 is used to control The size of current of the current source 607 is made, the positive pole of current source 607 electrically connects with voltage input end, and the current source 607 is negative Pole passes through resistance eutral grounding；The negative pole of current source 607 is by being input to the first comparator 608 after low-pass filter network Positive pole, the voltage swing of the negative pole input signal of the first comparator 608 is voltage corresponding to the first reference current threshold value； The selection signal SEL of 608 output dc/dc module of first comparator 800 carries out each DCDC to described enabled and startup control module 960 The enabled and unlatching control of module 800.
As shown in figure 11, described enabled and startup control module 960 includes voltage follower 601, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) S1, time delay network 605, SP3T switch S2 and enabled and soft start logic controller 602；The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) S1 bags A ends, B ends and D ends are included, the SP3T switch S2 includes E ends, F ends, G ends and H ends；The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) S1 and institute Described enable of SP3T switch S2 receiving is stated to control with soft start logic controller 602；The enabled and soft start logic control The input signal of device 602 processed includes the outside enable signal EN and selection signal SEL of DCDC modules 800；The enabled and soft start The output signal of logic controller 602 includes being output to making for the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 Energy and opening control signal；The amplifier anode input of the voltage follower 601 and output voltage detection feedback mould The output end electrical connection of block 700 obtains feedback voltage signal；Simultaneously the voltage follower 601 amplifier anode input with Electrically connected with the E ends of the SP3T switch S2, and the E ends of the SP3T switch S2 are used as the first DCDC moulds The lead-out terminal of the soft start control signal of block 801.
When described enabled effective with the outside enable signal EN of the input of soft start logic controller 602, and selection signal SEL For low level when, the B ends of the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) S1 and D ends electrical connection, the G ends of the SP3T switch S2 and H ends electricity Connection；The enabled enabled and unlatching control letter that the first DCDC modules 801 are exported with soft start logic controller 602 Number, only described first DCDC modules, 801 1 DCDC modules are for working condition.
When described enabled effective with the outside enable signal EN of the input of soft start logic controller 602, and selection signal SEL For high level when, the A ends of the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) S1 and D ends electrical connection, the F ends of the SP3T switch S2 and H ends electricity Connection；The enabled and soft start logic controller 602 exports the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 enabled and opening control signal；The H ends of the SP3T switch S2 are used as the 2nd the soft of DCDC modules 802 and opened The lead-out terminal of dynamic control signal, export the soft start control signal of the 2nd DCDC modules 802；When the SP3T is opened When closing S2 F ends and the voltage at H ends and the equal D terminal voltages of the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) S1, i.e., described 2nd DCDC modules 802 After the completion of soft start, the H ends of the SP3T switch S2 and the electrical connection of E ends；So that the first DCDC modules 801 and described The lead-out terminal of the soft start control signal of 2nd DCDC modules 802 exports stable voltage signal.
As shown in figure 3, the control module 900 includes microcontroller；The control module 900 detects direct current energy Transformation system is output to the load current of outside, the load electricity that the control module 900 judges to detect by microcontroller Size is flowed, calculates the quantity of DCDC modules 800 for needing to open, and exports the enabled of corresponding DCDC modules 800 and opens control Signal.
First DCDC modules 801 as shown in Figure 2 include being used for the power input pin with external input power connection Vin1, for making the power supply output pin Vout of voltage output after voltage transformation1, for controlling the first DCDC modules 801 enabled Enabled pin EN1, for controlling the soft start voltage controlling switch VS of the soft start of the first DCDC modules 8011, for providing the The clock signal input pin CLK of the clock signal of one DCDC modules 8011, for controlling the first DCDC modules output peak point current Voltage control pin VCin1；2nd DCDC modules 802 as shown in Figure 2 include being used for the electricity with external input power connection Source input pin Vin2, for making the power supply output pin Vout of voltage output after voltage transformation2, for the 2nd DCDC modules 802 enabled enabled pin EN2, for controlling the soft start voltage controlling switch VS of the soft start of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022, it is used for The clock signal input pin CLK of SMPS2 clock signals is provided2, for controlling the 2nd DCDC modules 802 output peak point current Voltage control pin VCin2。
The control circuit submodule (90) as shown in Figure 2 enables control signal output including the first DCDC modules 801 Pin EN1, the soft starting control electric of the first DCDC modules 801 pressure output pin VS1；It is defeated that 2nd DCDC modules 802 enable control signal Go out pin EN2, the soft starting control electric of the 2nd DCDC modules 802 pressure output pin VS2。
The clock signal module 300 as shown in Figure 8 is CLK including two-way clock signal output pin1、CLK2, and point The first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802, CLK are not connected to1And CLK2Phase difference is 180o, i.e. two-way DCDC's Phase difference is 180o；By staggering 180 oPhase so that output voltage ripple becomes smaller, and output voltage is more stable.CLK1、 CLK2Divided and produced by a basic clock signal, to ensure that the working frequency of two-way is consistent, so as to reduce two-way Between state difference, match two-way, especially match the peak point current of two-way.
Output voltage detection feedback module 700 as shown in Figure 2 is using the output voltage sampling value detected as electricity Feedback signal is pressed to be sent into an error amplifier EA input.The error amplifier EA includes control two-way output peak value electricity The output current controlling switch VC of stream；An error amplifier EA input is connected with voltage feedback signal, another input End and default reference voltage Vref0Connection.When output voltage absolute value is than default reference voltage Vref0Hour, the error is put Big device EA output voltage VC rises so that the output current ability of the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 increase So that output voltage is withdrawn into preset value；Conversely, when output voltage absolute value is more than preset value, VC is reduced, the first DCDC moulds The output current ability of the DCDC modules 802 of block 801 and the 2nd reduces so that output voltage is withdrawn into preset value.Because two-way shares Same peak value comparison method signal VC, then the peak point current matching of two-way is preferable, i.e., the inductance peak point current matching of two-way compared with It is good so that whole system is more stable, more efficient, reliability is higher.
The first DCDC modules 801 are connected with the power input pin of the 2nd DCDC modules 802；The first DCDC moulds Block 801 is connected with the power supply output pin of the 2nd DCDC modules 802；The output current controlling switch phase of the two-way DCDC modules The output current controlling switch connection of error amplifier EA described in Lian Bingyu；The enabled pin EN of the first DCDC modules 8011 It is connected with the enabled control signal output pin of the control module 900；The soft start control of the first DCDC modules 801 is drawn Pin VS1It is connected with the soft starting control electric pressure output pin of the control module 900；The clock of the first DCDC modules 801 Signal input pin CLK1It is connected with the clock signal output pin of the clock signal module 300 and obtains clock signal clk 1.
The enabled pin EN of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022Enabled control signal output with the control module 900 is drawn Pin connects；The voltage control pin VS of the soft start of 2nd DCDC modules 8022With the soft start control of the control module 900 Voltage output pin connection processed；The clock signal input pin CLK of the 2nd DCDC modules 8022Believe with the clock The clock signal output pin connection of number module 300 obtains clock signal clk 2；Two-way DCDC modules share same output electricity Peak control signal is flowed, and the clock signal source of two-way two-way DCDC modules is in same clock-signal generator so that When two-way DCDC modules work simultaneously, the working condition of two-way matches the system as far as possible, and the output current of two-way is basic Equal, whole circuit system is in the working condition of a comparison optimization, and efficiency is higher, reliability is preferable.
It is one of the preferred embodiment of DCDC modules theory diagram as shown in Figure 4, it includes adder, comparator, logic Controller, driving buffer and power tube；Except this kind of implementation, DCDC modules can also be the DCDC of other current-modes A kind of implementation of module, it is not limited to this theory diagram of DCDC modules.Have per road DCDC modules caused by inside Inspection stream signal Isense and slope compensation signal Vsaw, adder is Vsum the two analog signal additional combinings, comparator Vsum and VC are compared, when Vsum is higher than VC, comparator sends the PWM of a high level, if pwm signal is height, Logic controller exports shutdown signal, closes after the switching tube inside power mos and beats after buffer enhancing of overdriving Open continued flow tube.Because switching tube is turned off, inspection stream signal Isense is changed into 0 so that pwm signal is changed into low；Due in afterflow shape State, inductance both ends pressure difference are negative value, and inductive current is gradually reduced.When next time, clock signal is come temporarily, and logic controller is defeated Go out opening signal, closed after buffer enhancing of overdriving after the continued flow tube inside power mos and open switching tube.Due to Switching tube is opened, and inductive current is begun to ramp up, while Isense has the inspection stream signal more than 0, when inductive current reaches some During threshold value（The threshold value is determined by VC, and VC height is influenceed by input voltage, output voltage, load current etc.）, Vsum reaches VC values, and comparator 502 sends PWM high RSTs, is again switched off opening after the switching tube inside power mos505 Continued flow tube.So circulation forms the automatic DCDC module switch control for adapting to load current change.
It is the enabled theory diagram with soft start control module in specific embodiment as shown in figure 11.It includes computing and put Big device 601, enable and logic controller 602, switch S1 (603), switch S2604, RC wave filters 605.When enable signal EN is When high and selection signal SEL is low, i.e., when load is underloading, EN1=1, EN2=0, now only the first DCDC modules 801 work, 2nd DCDC modules 802 do not work.VS1=VC, A point voltage VA=VC；B points voltage is 0, switch S1 selection connection B points, i.e. VD= 0；E points voltage is VE=VC, and F points voltage is that 0, G points voltage is 0, switch S2 selection connection G points, i.e. VS2=VH=0.
When enable signal EN be high and selection signal SEL also redirect for it is high when, i.e., load for it is heavily loaded when, EN1=1, EN2=1； S1 D point selections connection A points are switched, Simultaneous Switching S2 H point selections connect F points, then VD=VC, VS2=VH=VF.And due to RC The filtering of wave filter 605 and time-lag action, VF slowly rise, through after a period of time, such as 1ms, VF rise to it is equal with VD, That is after VH=VF=VD=VA=VC, enabled and logic controller 602, which sends signal, makes switch S2 selection connection E points, i.e. VS2=VH=VE =VC, soft start are completed；First DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 all enter normal operating conditions.
When EN be high and selection signal SEL from height redirect for it is low when, EN1=1 during original state, EN2=1, switch S1 D points Selection connection B points, Simultaneous Switching S2 H point selections connect F points, then VD=VB=0, VH=VF.Due to the filtering of RC wave filters 605 And time-lag action, VF slowly decline, through after a period of time, such as 1ms, VF drop to 0, i.e. VF=VD=VB=0.Enable afterwards Sending signal with logic controller 602 makes switch S2 H point selections be connected G points, i.e. VS2=VH=VG=0, while causes EN2=0, Soft close is completed.Only have the first DCDC modules 801 to work afterwards, the 2nd DCDC modules 802 do not work.
It is the theory diagram of current sampling judge module in specific embodiment as shown in Figure 10.It includes operational amplifier 606, controlled current source 607 and comparator 608.Operational amplifier 606 is according to VIN and ILoadsenDifference output control signal Controlled current source 607 is controlled, the electric current of controlled current source flows through resistance Rsen and obtains Vsen after RC filtering again, thus The voltage Vsen proportional to load current to one.Work as Vsen<During Vref1, chip operation is in light condition, SEL=0；When Vsen>During Vref1, chip operation is in the state that focuses on, SEL=1.Vref1 is an electricity related to the threshold value of load current first Pressure value.
It is the OSC of specific embodiment internal frame diagram as shown in Figure 8.Including basic oscillator OSC0701, d type flip flop 702 With two and door.Oscillator OSC0701 continuously send out pulse clock signal CLK0, are obtained after being divided by d type flip flop 702 anti-phase Two signals exported from Q, QN, this two signal again with CLK0 phases and, the CLK1 and CLK2 needed, during due to being same Zhong Yuan obtains by frequency dividing, so CLK1 with CLK2 frequencies are identical, phase difference is 180 degree.It is that the present invention is excellent as shown in Figure 9 Select the internal signal waveforms figure of OSC modules in embodiment.
As seen in figs, when system load is light, i.e. Iload<Iref1When, circuit is operated in single-phase transformation output mould Formula, i.e. an only DCDC modules job.Now, the first DCDC modules 801 have normal switch motion to give inductance L1 discharge and recharges To provide output current to output end, SW1 points switch between height, and inductance L1 has discharge and recharge.2nd DCDC modules 802 not work Make, SW2 points are high resistant point, and inductance L2 is without discharge and recharge, IL2=0.
As shown in figs. 2 and 7, when system load is heavy, i.e. Iload>Iref1When, circuit is operated in two-phase transformation output mould Formula, and the phase difference between two-way DCDC modules is 180 degree.Now, the first DCDC modules 801 and the 2nd DCDC modules 802 be all There is normal switch motion to each self-inductance discharge and recharge to provide output current to output end, SW1 points switch between height, L1 There is discharge and recharge, SW2 points switch between height, and L2 also has discharge and recharge.
In the power converting circuit application example that a kind of two-phase as shown in Figure 2 automatically switches, the two-way DCDC modules It is integrated in same integrated circuit.Moreover, two-way DCDC modules and the control module 900 can be integrated in same In integrated circuit.I.e. in the above-described embodiments, this partial circuit of the two-way DCDC modules and the control module 900 is to do On the same chip, two-way DCDC modules have actually shared many identical parts, further to reduce chip face Product.
The other embodiment for the power converting circuit system that a kind of DCDC modules as shown in figs. 1 and 3 automatically switch In, described how each DCDC modular converters DCDC1, DCDC2 is until DCDCN is each independent integrated circuit.The DCDC turns It can be commercially available any a voltage changer to change the mold block.Certain described how each DCDC modular converters DCDC1, DCDC2 are always It can also be all integrated in DCDCN in same chip, common parts, improve the uniformity of circuit characteristic.
In the other embodiment for the power converting circuit that a kind of multiphase as shown in Figure 1 automatically switches, the control The current sampling judge module 950 of module 900 can be independent inspection stream judge module or be integrated in certain integrated circuit The submodule of the inside；The load detecting pin of the current sampling judge module 950 of the control module 900 can be integrated in collection Electric current is directly detected inside into circuit, detection electric current outside integrated circuit can also be connected to.
It is described in the other embodiment for the power converting circuit that a kind of DCDC modules as shown in Figure 1 automatically switch It is enabled to remove with soft start control module 960, then coordinate extra MCU to control multi-channel DC/DC module coordination to work.Become As shown in figure 3, detecting load current by current sampling judge module 950 after change, corresponding signal is issued MCU afterwards, then Each road DCDC modules are controlled by MCU, coordinate the work of each road DCDC modules.
All it is operated in always even in some Application Examples as shown in figure 16, when due to systems most larger negative It in the case of load, at this moment can remove whole control module 900, the enabled input pin of each road DCDC modules is uniformly connected to be The enabled input of system is directly connected to power input.Now, due to having shared same VC and same OSC, system In the case of heavy load being operated in well, the transformation output of efficient stable high reliability is realized.
The direct current energy transform method and system that a kind of DCDC modules involved in the present invention automatically switch include parallel connection The N number of DCDC modules set, output voltage detection feedback module and the clock signal module that operating clock signals are provided；Control mould Block detects the electric current for being output to external loading, and it is Q that the DCDC module numbers for needing to open are calculated according to load current size, And export the enabled and opening control signal of Q DCDC module；The operating clock signals CLK of Q DCDC moduleNCycle phase Together, each operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference is 360 degree divided by Q.Multi-channel DC/DC wired in parallel, exportable larger electric current, Reduce the power consumption of system；Multi-channel DC/DC module is respectively provided with the same chip, has good parameter consistency feature, each road Current balance characteristic is good；Timesharing soft start and phase shift Time-sharing control, avoid overshoot, reduce the ripple of electric power output voltage, Output characteristics is more stable.
The power converting circuit system that DCDC modules of the present invention automatically switch includes：Multichannel is used for input voltage Power transfer module DCDC1, DCDC2 ... the DCDCN of transformation output and the control mould for controlling each DCDC voltage transformation modules Block 900.Control circuit submodule (900) is according to the load current I detectedLoadsenOutput a control signal to DCDC1, DCDC2 ... DCDCN voltage transformation modules so that in heavy load, using two-way/multi-channel DC/DC modular converter DCDC1, DCDC2 ... DCDCN take into account the voltage transformation of each road current balance type；In small load or zero load, only using DCDC all the way Module carries out voltage transformation；Heavy duty Shi Ge road current balance types are taken into account and voltage transformation efficiency high, system heat generation are small, export Ripple is small, system reliability is high and transforming circuit in itself low in energy consumption during light load, and the output voltage especially suitable for battery becomes Change in control circuit.
It is another it should be noted that, battery or the zero-potential point that the negative pole in externally fed source is circuit in the present invention, in the present invention The potential value of other circuit nodes is all the numerical value of the relative zero-potential point；Battery or externally fed source voltage be its positive pole and The potential difference of negative pole.For convenience, part of module employs one, second-class serial number, and these serial numbers do not represent Its position or restriction sequentially, it is convenient to be intended merely to description.
Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, above-described circuit topological structure is only that one kind of the present invention is specific Embodiment, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, every equivalent knot made using description of the invention and accompanying drawing content Structure or equivalent flow conversion, or other related technical areas are directly or indirectly used in, similarly it is included in the special of the present invention In sharp protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. the direct current energy transform method that a kind of DCDC modules automatically switch, comprises the following steps：
A：Parallel way sets N number of be used for input direct voltage VinIt is transformed to output voltage VoutDCDC modules（800）, N is The stream power transfer module（800）Quantity, N spans be 1 to M natural number；It is provided for output voltage VoutDetection Feedback module is detected with the output voltage of feedback（700）With for simultaneously be N number of DCDC modules（800）Operating clock signals are provided CLKNClock signal module（300）；
B：The output voltage detects feedback module（700）Sampling and outputting voltage and with the output voltage reference value V of settingref0Than Compared with output peak value comparison method signal VC to each DCDC modules（800）；The DCDC modules（800）According to peak value comparison method Signal VC adjustment exports peak point current so as to change output voltage Vout；
C：N number of DCDC modules（800）Receive to come from the clock signal module respectively（300）The operating clock signals of output CLKN；
D：It is provided for N number of DCDC modules（800）Control module that is enabled and opening control（900）；The control module（900） Detection is output to the electric current ILoad of external loadingsen, and according to the load current ILoad detectedsenSize calculates needs and opened The DCDC modules opened（800）Quantity is Q, and exports corresponding Q DCDC modules（800）Enabled and opening control signal；That is institute State control module（900）According to load current ILoadsenSize, control the DCDC modules of varying number（800）Unlatching or pass Close；Make Q DCDC module（800）Output current size and external loading current needs are adapted；
E：The clock signal module（300）Q DCDC module of output（800）Operating clock signals CLKNCycle phase it is same, Each operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference is 360 degree divided by Q.
2. the direct current energy transformation system that a kind of DCDC modules automatically switch, including：
It is N number of be arranged in parallel be used for input direct voltage VinIt is transformed to output voltage VoutDCDC modules（800）, N is described DCDC modules（800）Quantity, N spans be 1 to M natural number；For output voltage VoutDetection and the output of feedback electricity Pressure detection feedback module（700）；
Characterized in that, the direct current energy transformation system also includes, for being simultaneously N number of DCDC modules（800）Work is provided Clock signal clkNClock signal module（300）；For N number of DCDC modules（800）Control module that is enabled and opening control （900）；N number of DCDC modules（800）Receive to come from the clock signal module respectively（300）The operating clock signals of output CLKN；
The control module（900）Detection is output to the electric current ILoad of external loadingsen, and according to the load current detected ILoadsenSize calculates the DCDC modules for needing to open（800）Quantity is Q, and exports corresponding Q DCDC modules（800）'s Enabled and opening control signal；I.e. described control module（900）According to load current ILoadsenSize, control varying number DCDC modules（800）Be turned on and off；Make Q DCDC module（800）Output current size and external loading current needs phase Adapt to；
The clock signal module（300）Q DCDC module of output（800）Operating clock signals CLKNCycle phase it is same, respectively Operating clock signals CLKNPhase difference be 360 degree divided by Q.
3. the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The DCDC modules（800）SW pins and ground between be connected with external inductors, the DCDC modules（800）And external electrical Sense forms complete BUCK-BOOST converters, i.e., step-down/up type converter, the step-down/up type converter are a kind of output voltages Both the not isolated DC converter of input voltage can be less than or be higher than, but the polarity of its output voltage is opposite with input voltage.
4. the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The original state that the direct current energy transformation system is opened, only the first DCDC modules（801）Work；When the control mould Block（900）The load current ILoad detectedsenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current first, the control module（900）It is defeated Go out enabled control signal and opening control signal to the 2nd DCDC modules（802）, make the 2nd DCDC modules（802）Open；
The first DCDC modules（801）With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）From the clock signal module（300）Obtain each From operating clock signals CLK1And CLK2；The first DCDC modules（801）Operating clock signals CLK1With described second DCDC modules（802）Operating clock signals CLK2Phase difference be 180 degree；
When the control module（900）The load current detected is less than the threshold value of load current first, the control module （900）Output enables control signal and opening control signal to the 2nd DCDC modules（802）, make the 2nd DCDC modules（802）Close Close.
5. the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The first DCDC modules（801）With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）When all working, when the control module（900） The load current ILoad detectedsenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current second, the control module（900）The enabled control of output Signal processed and opening control signal open the 3rd dc source modular converter to the 3rd dc source modular converter；
The first DCDC modules（801）, the 2nd DCDC modules（802）With the 3rd dc source modular converter from it is described when Clock signaling module（300）Obtain respective operating clock signals CLK1、CLK2And CLK3；The first DCDC modules（801）Work Make clock signal clk1With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）Operating clock signals CLK2Phase difference be 120 degree；Described second DCDC modules（802）Operating clock signals CLK2The clock signal clk obtained with the 3rd dc source modular converter3Phase difference For 120 degree；
When the control module（900）The load current ILoad detectedsenLess than the threshold value of load current second, the control Module（900）The enabled control signal of output and opening control signal make the 3rd dc source to the 3rd dc source modular converter Modular converter is closed.
6. the direct current energy transformation system to be automatically switched according to claim 5 DCDC modules, it is characterised in that：
The first DCDC modules（801）With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）When all working, when the control module（900） The load current ILoad detectedsenMore than or equal to the threshold value of load current the 3rd, the control module（900）The enabled control of output Signal processed and opening control signal make the 3rd direct current to the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th dc source modular converter Source modular converter and the 4th dc source modular converter are opened；
The first DCDC modules（801）, the 2nd DCDC modules（802）, the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th straight Power transfer module is flowed from the clock signal module（300）Obtain respective operating clock signals CLK1、CLK2、CLK3With CLK4；The first DCDC modules（801）Operating clock signals CLK1With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）Work clock Signal CLK2Phase difference be 90 degree；The 2nd DCDC modules（802）Operating clock signals CLK2Turn with the 3rd dc source Change the mold the operating clock signals CLK of block3Phase difference be 90 degree；The operating clock signals of the 3rd dc source modular converter CLK3The clock signal clk obtained with the 4th dc source modular converter4Phase difference be 90 degree；
When the control module（900）The load current detected is less than the threshold value of load current the 3rd, the control module （900）Output enables control signal and opening control signal to the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th dc source modulus of conversion Block, close the 3rd dc source modular converter and the 4th dc source modular converter.
7. the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The control module（900）Including for load current ILoadsenSampling and the current sampling judge module calculated（950） With for each DCDC modules（800）It is enabled and startup control enabled with starting control module（960）；
It is described enabled with starting control module（960）Export and be used for each DCDC modules（800）Enabled enabled control signal and use In for each DCDC modules（800）Soft start, the startup control signal of soft closing control is to each DCDC modules（800）；It is described Enabled control signal is low and high level signal；The startup control signal is soft start control signal；
The current sampling judge module（950）Load current signal is obtained from external loading；Or the current sampling judges mould Block（950）From the stream power transfer module（800）Obtain load current signal.
8. the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
The current sampling judge module（950）Including first for load current sampled voltage and input voltage comparison operation Operational amplifier（606）, by the first operational amplifier（606）The current source of output signal control（607）And first comparator （608）；The first comparator（608）Computing, which is contrasted, for reference voltage signal and exports enabled control signal is enabled to described With starting control module（960）；
Input voltage signal is from first operational amplifier（606）Positive pole input, load current sampled voltage signal is from institute State the first operational amplifier（606）Negative pole input；First operational amplifier（606）Output be used for control the electric current Source（607）Size of current, the current source（607）Positive pole electrically connects with voltage input end, the current source（607）Negative pole leads to Cross resistance eutral grounding；The current source（607）Negative pole is by being input to the first comparator after low-pass filter network（608）'s Positive pole, the first comparator（608）The voltage swing of negative pole input signal be the first reference current threshold value；First compares Device（608）Output dc/dc module（800）Selection signal SEL is enabled with starting control module to described（960）Carry out each DCDC moulds Block（800）It is enabled and open control.
9. the direct current energy transformation system that DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：
It is described enabled with starting control module（960）Including voltage follower（601）, single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)（S1）, time delay network （605）, SP3T switch（S2）With enabled and soft start logic controller（602）；The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)（S1）Including A End, B ends and D ends, the SP3T switch（S2）Including E ends, F ends, G ends and H ends；
The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)（S1）With the SP3T switch（S2）Receive the enabled and soft start logic controller （602）Control；
The enabled and soft start logic controller（602）Input signal include outside enable signal EN and DCDC modules （800）Selection signal SEL；The enabled and soft start logic controller（602）Output signal include be output to described first DCDC modules（801）With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）Enabled and opening control signal；
The voltage follower（601）Amplifier anode input and the output voltage detection feedback module（700）It is defeated Go out end electrical connection and obtain feedback voltage signal；The voltage follower simultaneously（601）Amplifier anode input with it is described SP3T switch（S2）The electrical connection of E ends, and by the SP3T switch（S2）E ends be used as the first DCDC modules （801）Soft start control signal lead-out terminal；
When the enabled and soft start logic controller（602）The outside enable signal EN of input is effective, and selection signal SEL is During low level, the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)（S1）B ends and D ends electrical connection, the SP3T switch（S2）G ends and H ends Electrical connection；The enabled and soft start logic controller（602）Export the first DCDC modules（801）It is enabled and open control Signal processed, only described first DCDC modules（801）One DCDC module is for working condition；
When the enabled and soft start logic controller（602）The outside enable signal EN of input is effective, and selection signal SEL is During high level, the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)（S1）A ends and D ends electrical connection, the SP3T switch（S2）F ends and H ends Electrical connection；The enabled and soft start logic controller（602）Export the first DCDC modules（801）With the 2nd DCDC Module（802）Enabled and opening control signal；The SP3T switch（S2）H ends be used as the 2nd DCDC modules （802）Soft start control signal lead-out terminal, export the 2nd DCDC modules（802）Soft start control signal；When The SP3T switch（S2）F ends and H ends voltage and the single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)（S1）D terminal voltages it is equal when, i.e., The 2nd DCDC modules（802）After the completion of soft start, the SP3T switch（S2）H ends and E ends electrical connection；So that institute State the first DCDC modules（801）With the 2nd DCDC modules（802）The lead-out terminal of soft start control signal export surely Fixed voltage signal.
10. the direct current energy transformation system that more DCDC modules automatically switch according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The control module（900）Including microcontroller (Micro Controller Unit)；
The control module（900）Detection direct current energy transformation system is output to the load current of outside, the control module （900）The load current size for judging to detect by microcontroller, calculate the DCDC modules for needing to open（800）Number Amount, and export corresponding DCDC modules（800）Enabled and opening control signal.
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CN112865498B (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-05-17 成都芯源系统有限公司 Multiphase switching converter, controller and control method thereof
CN113258751A (en) * 2021-06-03 2021-08-13 武汉精能电子技术有限公司 Switching power supply control circuit sharing voltage ring
CN113258751B (en) * 2021-06-03 2021-09-28 武汉精能电子技术有限公司 Switching power supply control circuit sharing voltage ring
CN114006534A (en) * 2021-10-15 2022-02-01 东风汽车股份有限公司 DC/DC converter conversion control system
TWI822548B (en) * 2022-10-21 2023-11-11 大陸商昂寶電子（上海）有限公司 Multi-channel output switching regulator and its switching regulator control system
CN116048156A (en) * 2023-01-10 2023-05-02 江苏三联生物工程股份有限公司 Bidirectional temperature control system of electrochemiluminescence detection device
CN116048156B (en) * 2023-01-10 2024-01-30 江苏三联生物工程股份有限公司 Bidirectional temperature control system of electrochemiluminescence detection device

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