CN107652538A - 一种环保型编织袋的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保型编织袋的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107652538A
CN107652538A CN201710850280.9A CN201710850280A CN107652538A CN 107652538 A CN107652538 A CN 107652538A CN 201710850280 A CN201710850280 A CN 201710850280A CN 107652538 A CN107652538 A CN 107652538A
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张映
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Abstract

本发明公开一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:回收废旧聚丙烯塑料制品,分拣去杂,放入粉碎机中进行粉碎处理,之后过100目筛,然后置于超声波清洗机中清洗4‑5分钟,之后干燥;将干燥后的原料投入挤出机中,获得塑化颗粒,然后置于冷却液中;将塑化颗粒取出,加入光敏剂,淀粉,纳米碳酸钙,聚烯烃树脂,柠檬酸三丁酯,助剂,复合抗氧剂,置于离心搅拌机中搅拌5‑10分钟,然后送入扁丝拉丝机,塑化完毕后挤出;将原料冷却至25‑30℃,经刀片切割成胚丝,将胚丝加热软化,然后牵引拉伸成扁丝,将扁丝按55‑60根/100mm经纬密编织,然后以缝合针距为10‑12针/mm进行缝合,编织成编织袋。本发明用回收的废旧聚丙烯塑料制品为原料,节约了资源,制得的编织袋更容易被降解,不会对环境造成污染,更为环保。

Description

一种环保型编织袋的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域,具体涉及一种环保型编织袋的制备方法。
背景技术
在过去的几十年中,废旧塑料是城市固体废弃物中的重要的部分,在前期城市里面的垃圾使用后的处理方法可以分以下几种:第一就是法填埋;到目前填埋法仍然是占主导地位的一种方法;但是塑料填埋后短时间不会分解,故而会占用较多的填埋地;这样容易造成二次污染,对于地下水,土地造成不同程度的污染;第二就是焚烧法,塑料都是高分子,利用起来焚烧取热能是另外一种处理塑料的方法,比如:聚烯烃的燃烧值很高,为43.3MJ/kg,接近于燃料油的44.0%MJ/kg
,比煤、木材、纸的要高的多!这是废旧塑料的利用的一个有效途径;但是这也会产生有毒气体,大量的二氧化碳,造成二次污染等;所以合理利用废旧塑料不仅仅带来经济效益也带来环境效益;
塑料编织袋使用寿命短,在无法使用后就会被丢弃,但是目前现有的塑料编织袋的化学惰性强,不易被降解,容易造成“白色污染”。
发明内容
为解决上述问题,本发明公开了一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,将废旧塑料制品回收后制作塑料编织袋,制得的塑料编织袋可同时被光和生物降解,具有双降解性能,废弃的塑料编织袋容易降解,有效地保护了环境,更为环保;
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:
(1)回收废旧聚丙烯塑料制品,分拣去杂,放入粉碎机中进行粉碎处理,之后过100目筛,然后置于超声波清洗机中清洗4-5分钟,之后干燥;
(2)将干燥后的原料投入挤出机中,获得塑化颗粒,然后置于冷却液中;
(3)将塑化颗粒取出,加入光敏剂,淀粉,纳米碳酸钙,聚烯烃树脂,柠檬酸三丁酯,助剂,复合抗氧剂,置于离心搅拌机中搅拌5-10分钟,然后送入扁丝拉丝机,塑化完毕后挤出;
(4)将原料冷却至25-30℃,经刀片切割成胚丝,将胚丝加热软化,然后牵引拉伸成扁丝,
(5)将扁丝按55-60根/100mm经纬密编织,然后以缝合针距为10-12针/mm进行缝合,编织成编织袋;
进一步地,所述光敏剂的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的5%-8%,所述淀粉的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的15%-20%,纳米碳酸钙的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的10%-14%,所述聚烯烃树脂的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的8%-15%,柠檬酸三丁酯的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的1.5%-2%,所述助剂的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的3%-5%,所述复合抗氧剂的重量份为0.5%-0.9%;
进一步地,所述(2)中的冷却液为冷水,冷却液的温度为10℃-15℃;
进一步地,所述助剂的亲水疏水平衡值在l5-l8之间;
进一步地,所述助剂为增溶剂和交联剂混合而成,所述增溶剂与交联剂的用量比为45%:55%;
进一步地,所述(4)中牵引拉伸成扁丝的条件是以速度为200-220m/min,拉伸倍数为5-7倍;
进一步地,所述(3)中的扁丝拉丝机的塑化温度为240℃-270℃;
由以上的技术方案可知,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供了一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,以回收的废旧聚丙烯塑料制品为原料制作编织袋,不仅节约了资源,而且降低了生产成本;在原料中加入光敏剂,日光、热、氧等均能引发光敏剂,导致高聚物断链,分子量下降,还在原料中加入淀粉,淀粉被生物降解,使高聚物母体变疏松,增大比表面积,将光降解与生物降解相结合,使编织袋同时具有光和微生物降解的特点,使降解时间大大缩短;另外,编织袋中微小的胶体粒子的分散体系属于胶体溶液,增溶剂使难溶性的粒子被包藏或者吸附,增大溶解性,而交联剂在高分子材料的分子结构中产生化学键,使线型的分子相互连接在一起,形成网状结构,提高了编织袋强度和弹性,再使编织袋容易降解的同时还保证了编织袋的强度和稳定性,更为实用;本发明制得的编织袋不会对环境造成影响,更为环保。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不能用来限制本发明的范围;实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据厂家的条件作进一步调整,未说明的实施条件通常为常规实验条件;
实施例1:
一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:
(1)回收废旧聚丙烯塑料制品,分拣去杂,放入粉碎机中进行粉碎处理,之后过100目筛,然后置于超声波清洗机中清洗4分钟,之后干燥;
(2)将干燥后的原料投入挤出机中,获得塑化颗粒,然后置于冷却液中;
(3)将100重量份的塑化颗粒取出,加入5重量份的光敏剂,15重量份的淀粉,10重量份的纳米碳酸钙,8重量份的聚烯烃树脂,1.5重量份的柠檬酸三丁酯,3重量份的助剂和0.5重量份的复合抗氧剂,置于离心搅拌机中搅拌5分钟,然后送入扁丝拉丝机,扁丝拉丝机的塑化温度为240℃,塑化完毕后挤出;
(4)将原料冷却至25℃,经刀片切割成胚丝,将胚丝加热软化,然后牵引拉伸成扁丝,牵引拉伸成扁丝的速度为200m/min,拉伸倍数为5倍;
(5)将扁丝按55根/100mm经纬密编织,然后以缝合针距为10针/mm进行缝合,编织成编织袋一;
实验数据:经向拉断力为550N/50mm;
纬向拉断力为540N/50mm;
缝边向拉断力为300N/50mm;
缝底向拉断力为260N/50mm;
将编织袋一放置在户外土壤上,两个月左右开始变薄、失重、强度下降,逐渐裂成碎片,62天完全降解;
实施例2:
一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:
(1)回收废旧聚丙烯塑料制品,分拣去杂,放入粉碎机中进行粉碎处理,之后过100目筛,然后置于超声波清洗机中清洗4分钟,之后干燥;
(2)将干燥后的原料投入挤出机中,获得塑化颗粒,然后置于冷却液中;
(3)将100重量份的塑化颗粒取出,加入8重量份的光敏剂,20重量份的淀粉,14重量份的纳米碳酸钙,15重量份的聚烯烃树脂,2重量份的柠檬酸三丁酯,5重量份的助剂和0.9重量份的复合抗氧剂,置于离心搅拌机中搅拌5分钟,然后送入扁丝拉丝机,扁丝拉丝机的塑化温度为270℃,塑化完毕后挤出;
(4)将原料冷却至25℃,经刀片切割成胚丝,将胚丝加热软化,然后牵引拉伸成扁丝,牵引拉伸成扁丝的速度为240m/min,拉伸倍数为7倍;
(5)将扁丝按60根/100mm经纬密编织,然后以缝合针距为12针/mm进行缝合,编织成编织袋一;
实验数据:经向拉断力为600N/50mm;
纬向拉断力为560N/50mm;
缝边向拉断力为280N/50mm;
缝底向拉断力为240N/50mm;
将编织袋一放置在户外土壤上,50天左右开始变薄、失重、强度下降,逐渐裂成碎片,60天完全降解;
实施例3:
一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,包括以下操作步骤:
(1)回收废旧聚丙烯塑料制品,分拣去杂,放入粉碎机中进行粉碎处理,之后过100目筛,然后置于超声波清洗机中清洗4分钟,之后干燥;
(2)将干燥后的原料投入挤出机中,获得塑化颗粒,然后置于冷却液中;
(3)将100重量份的塑化颗粒取出,加入7重量份的光敏剂,18重量份的淀粉,12重量份的纳米碳酸钙,11重量份的聚烯烃树脂,1.8重量份的柠檬酸三丁酯,4重量份的助剂和0.7重量份的复合抗氧剂,置于离心搅拌机中搅拌5分钟,然后送入扁丝拉丝机,扁丝拉丝机的塑化温度为260℃,塑化完毕后挤出;
(4)将原料冷却至25℃,经刀片切割成胚丝,将胚丝加热软化,然后牵引拉伸成扁丝,牵引拉伸成扁丝的速度为255m/min,拉伸倍数为6倍;
(5)将扁丝按60根/100mm经纬密编织,然后以缝合针距为12针/mm进行缝合,编织成编织袋一;
实验数据:经向拉断力为620N/50mm;
纬向拉断力为580N/50mm;
缝边向拉断力为300N/50mm;
缝底向拉断力为270N/50mm;
将编织袋一放置在户外土壤上,45天左右开始变薄、失重、强度下降,逐渐裂成碎片,55天完全降解;
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下操作步骤:
(1)回收废旧聚丙烯塑料制品,分拣去杂,放入粉碎机中进行粉碎处理,之后过100目筛,然后置于超声波清洗机中清洗4-5分钟,之后干燥;
(2)将干燥后的原料投入挤出机中,获得塑化颗粒,然后置于冷却液中;
(3)将塑化颗粒取出,加入光敏剂,淀粉,纳米碳酸钙,聚烯烃树脂,柠檬酸三丁酯,助剂,复合抗氧剂,置于离心搅拌机中搅拌5-10分钟,然后送入扁丝拉丝机,塑化完毕后挤出;
(4)将原料冷却至25-30℃,经刀片切割成胚丝,将胚丝加热软化,然后牵引拉伸成扁丝,
(5)将扁丝按55-60根/100mm经纬密编织,然后以缝合针距为10-12针/mm进行缝合,编织成编织袋。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于: 所述光敏剂的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的5%-8%,所述淀粉的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的15%-20%,纳米碳酸钙的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的10%-14%,所述聚烯烃树脂的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的8%-15%,柠檬酸三丁酯的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的1.5%-2%,所述助剂的重量份为塑化颗粒重量的3%-5%,所述复合抗氧剂的重量份为0.5%-0.9%。
3.根据权利要求1中所述的一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于: 所述(2)中的冷却液为冷水,冷却液的温度为10℃-15℃。
4.根据权利要求1中所述的一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于:所述助剂的亲水疏水平衡值在l5-l8之间。
5.根据权利要求1中所述的一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于:所述助剂为增溶剂和交联剂混合而成,所述增溶剂与交联剂的用量比为45%:55%。
6.根据权利要求1中所述的一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于:所述(4)中牵引拉伸成扁丝的条件是以200-220m/min,拉伸倍数为5-7倍。
7.根据权利要求6中所述的一种环保型编织袋的制备方法,其特征在于:所述(3)中的扁丝拉丝机的塑化温度为240℃-270℃。
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