CN107647787A - 一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107647787A CN107647787A CN201710813944.4A CN201710813944A CN107647787A CN 107647787 A CN107647787 A CN 107647787A CN 201710813944 A CN201710813944 A CN 201710813944A CN 107647787 A CN107647787 A CN 107647787A
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- parts
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- titanium alloy
- titanium
- stainless steel
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(iii) oxide Chemical group O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical group O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical group [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical group [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HGWOWDFNMKCVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] Chemical group [O--].[O--].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] HGWOWDFNMKCVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 poly- silica Alkane Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
- B21D51/18—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects vessels, e.g. tubs, vats, tanks, sinks, or the like
- B21D51/22—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects vessels, e.g. tubs, vats, tanks, sinks, or the like pots, e.g. for cooking
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- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,所述无油烟锅包括锅本体和锅耳,所述锅本体为多层结构,由内到外依次包括耐磨涂层(1),钛合金层(2),纯铝导热层(3),不锈钢层(4),抗氧化层(5);所述不锈钢层内外面均设置有不锈钢凸柱(6),钛合金层内表面具有钛合金凸柱(7),不锈钢层的凸柱(6)与钛合金层的凸柱(7)位置对应,所述纯铝导热层填充在钛合金层和不锈钢层之间;包括以下步骤:(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层;(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层;(4)热处理。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种家庭烹饪用具的制备方法,具体讲是一种不产生油烟、对人体健康有益的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法。
背景技术
炒菜时,一般会在锅体内倒入的较少量食用油,并使油温达到一定的温度,才向锅放各种食材,进行烹制。由于这种锅的锅体底部为凹球形,因此,在锅内加入食用油后,锅体中心位置处的油层厚度较大,而远离锅体中心位置的油层厚度则越来越小。
但是,燃气灶所形成的火焰的面积通常大于锅体内食用油的投影面积。加热时,锅体中心处的温度由于有食用油的存在,而食用油导热又较慢,因此锅体中心处温升相对较慢;而没有食用油的锅体壁的温度则会迅速升高,而靠近这部分锅体油层又是最薄的地方,而且锅的侧壁总是难以避免沾上油迹,因此很容易被炽热的锅体侧壁加热到较高的温度,以致产生油烟;而此时由于油导热系数较低,且锅体中心位置处的油层厚度较大,则油温不易达到烹饪的要求,无法进行烹饪,因此,只能继续加热。这样,势必会在后续的加热过程中产生大量的油烟,以致达到无法控制的局面。
钛金属广泛用于航空航天、机械设备、电镀设备、医用、各种精密机件等行业。钛金属重量轻、强度高、具有金属光泽,有良好的抗腐蚀能力,具有稳定的化学性质,良好的耐高温、耐低温、抗强酸、抗强碱,以及高强度、低密度。钛金属及钛合金是理想的生活用锅制作材料。但由于锅具复杂的形状而难以实现高层次的艺术化处理,目前均采用简单的抛光拉丝处理,对锅体实行有机涂料及不锈钢花纹金属板复合工艺,这样不但工艺复杂,产品粗糙,观感差,更使锅具失去使用安全性;而且此工艺对钛锅具无法适用,也无法解决钛锅具的沾糊问题和油烟问题。
发明内容
本发明通过提出一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法。具体通过如下技术手段实现:
一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,所述无油烟锅包括锅本体和锅耳,所述锅本体为多层结构,由内到外依次包括耐磨涂层(1),钛合金层(2),纯铝导热层(3),不锈钢层(4),抗氧化层(5);所述不锈钢层内外面均设置有不锈钢凸柱(6),钛合金层内表面具有钛合金凸柱(7),不锈钢层的凸柱(6)与钛合金层的凸柱(7)位置对应,所述纯铝导热层填充在钛合金层和不锈钢层之间;
包括以下步骤:
(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;
(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ;
(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层;
(4)热处理。
进一步地,所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:20-60%,Fe:3-5%,Zr:0.5-1.5%,Nb:2-3%,C:1-3%,Ag:0.02-2.5%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
进一步地,所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:35-44%,Fe:4-4.5%,Zr:0.7-1.3%,Nb:2.6-2.8%,C:1.4-2.5%,Ag:0.09-1.8%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
进一步地,所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为100-150mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到880-930℃,开坯后锻成10-20mm厚的板坯,然后加热到700-830℃轧制成5-10mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到900-950℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为0.5-5mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.5-1mm;(3)热处理:热处理包括固溶处理和时效处理,固溶处理的温度为960℃~980℃,时间为10-20分钟,水冷;时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到530-580℃,保温2-3小时,然后随炉冷却到370-420℃,保温1-2小时,空冷到室温。
进一步地,所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为110-140mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到890-925℃,开坯后锻成12-16mm厚的板坯,然后加热到750-800℃轧制成6-8mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到940-945℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为0.8-3mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.5-0.8mm;(3)热处理:首先进行固溶处理,所述固溶处理温度为965-975℃,时间为12-18分钟,水冷;然后进行时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到545-575℃,保温2.5-3小时,然后随炉冷却到380-400℃,保温1-2小时,空冷到室温。
进一步地,所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.3-1.2%;Si:0.6-1%,Mn:0.05-0.3%; P<0.020%;S<0.020%;Cr: 14-17%; Ni: 32-40%; Nb: 0.7-0.9%;V:1-2%;W:0.5-2%;B :0.1~0.3%; Al:0.2-0.5%; 其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为1-5mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为0.5-3mm。
进一步地,所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.45-0.9%;Si:0.7-0.9%,Mn:0.1-0.23%; P<0.020%;S<0.020%;Cr: 14.5-16%; Ni:34-38%; Nb: 0.75-0.85%;V:1.2-1.6%;W:0.65-1.2%;B :0.12-0.23%; Al:0.3-0.45%; 其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为2-4mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为0.8-2mm。
进一步地,所述无油烟钛锅的制备方法为:(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:60-80份,透锂长石:5-10份,二氧化钛:10-15份,氮化钛:5-12份,硼化锆:5-10份,氧化锌:2-10份,氮化硅:2-8份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物3-5份;将上述原料混合,粉碎,并以500-1000r/min的速度搅拌40-60分钟,接着添加20-40份去离子水,搅拌后得到浆料,将所述浆料熟化24-48h后涂敷在锅基体的内表面;(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :15-30份、B2O3 :3-12份、P2O5 :2-6份、Bi2O3:5-12份、碳化硅晶须:1-3份、氮化铝晶须:1-2份、氧化铝颗粒:5-10份、Fe2O3:2-10份;将抗氧化层原料配置成涂层浆料,在锅底涂覆,并干燥;(4)热处理:将涂覆好的锅80-90℃保温10-20分钟;然后加热到700-750℃,保温4-10h,然后随炉冷却到200-350℃,保温2-4小时,然后在空气中冷却到室温。
进一步地,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:65-78份,透锂长石:6-8份,二氧化钛:12-14份,氮化钛:7-11份,硼化锆:6-9份,氧化锌:3-8份,氮化硅:3-7份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物3.3-4.8份。
进一步地,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :18-26份、B2O3 :4-10份、P2O5 :3-5份、Bi2O3:6-10份、碳化硅晶须:2-2.5份、氮化铝晶须:1.2-1.6份、氧化铝颗粒:6-9份、Fe2O3:3-7份。
其中钛合金层的厚度是指不含有凸柱的厚度。
其中不锈钢层的厚度是指不含有凸柱的不锈钢层厚度。
本发明的效果在于:
1.通过层状结构的设计以及立柱的位置设置,导热好的铝导热层将热均匀传导到钛合金层,使得锅对食物、油的加热更均匀,避免油烟的产生,而立柱的热优先传导,可以使得被加热食物不完全与锅接触,避免了食物粘锅。
2.钛合金的成分以及热处理设计,使得锅体整体强度提高,并且对人体有益,同时,在长时间使用过程中,即使有残留,也不会对锅造成腐蚀,抗腐蚀能力强。
3.对于涂层的设置,保证了在翻炒过程中不会对钛合金本体造成划痕和伤害,抗磨能力强,并且涂层具有抗菌性,强度高,耐高温,耐磨,不易脱落,安全无毒。
4.综合整个层状结构的设计,以及每层组成和含量的设计,以及对锅整体的热处理,本发明的钛合金锅具有优异的耐腐蚀能力,抗磨性能,在使用过程中加热均匀,不会产生油烟,不沾连,寿命长,由于该炒锅的特殊结构,使锅内热量较平衡,导热、聚热性能好,使食物制作时不易烧焦,色、香、味俱佳且卫生。
附图说明
图1 是本发明锅体层状结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,所述无油烟锅包括锅本体和锅耳,所述锅本体为多层结构,由内到外依次包括耐磨涂层(1),钛合金层(2),纯铝导热层(3),不锈钢层(4),抗氧化层(5);所述不锈钢层内外面均带不锈钢凸柱(6),钛合金层内面具有钛合金凸柱(7),不锈钢层的凸柱(6)与钛合金层的凸柱(7)位置对应,所述纯铝导热层填充在钛合金层和不锈钢层之间。
所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:27.5%,Fe:4.2%,Zr:0.95%,Nb:2.45%,C:1.33%,Ag:0.15%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为120mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到900℃,开坯后锻成12mm厚的板坯,然后加热到820℃轧制成6mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到930℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为4mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.6mm;(3)热处理:热处理包括固溶处理和时效处理,固溶处理的温度为975℃,时间为15分钟,水冷;时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到575℃,保温2.5小时,然后随炉冷却到410℃,保温1.5小时,空冷到室温。
所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.45%;Si:0.7%,Mn:0.12%; P:0.001%;S:0.0015%;Cr: 15.3%; Ni: 33.5%; Nb: 0.8%;V:1.35%;W :0.65%;B :0.22%; Al:03%;其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为2mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为0.5mm。
所述无油烟钛锅的制备方法为:(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:75份,透锂长石:6份,二氧化钛:12份,氮化钛:6份,硼化锆:7份,氧化锌:8份,氮化硅:3份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物3.5份;将上述原料混合,粉碎,并以800r/min的速度搅拌50分钟,接着添加25份去离子水,搅拌后得到浆料,将所述浆料熟化30h后涂敷在锅基体的内表面;(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :18份、B2O3 :10份、P2O5 :2.3份、Bi2O3:6份、碳化硅晶须:2.1份、氮化铝晶须:1.3份、氧化铝颗粒:9份、Fe2O3:8份;将抗氧化层原料配置成涂层浆料,在锅底涂覆,并干燥;(4)热处理:将涂覆好的锅85℃保温15分钟;然后加热到725℃,保温8h,然后随炉冷却到300℃,保温3小时,然后在空气中冷却到室温。
实施例2
一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,所述无油烟锅包括锅本体和锅耳,所述锅本体为多层结构,由内到外依次包括耐磨涂层(1),钛合金层(2),纯铝导热层(3),不锈钢层(4),抗氧化层(5);所述不锈钢层内外面均带不锈钢凸柱(6),钛合金层内面具有钛合金凸柱(7),不锈钢层的凸柱(6)与钛合金层的凸柱(7)位置对应,所述纯铝导热层填充在钛合金层和不锈钢层之间。
所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:48%,Fe:4.4%,Zr:0.9%,Nb:2.8%,C:2%,Ag:1,45%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为110mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到895℃,开坯后锻成14mm厚的板坯,然后加热到815℃轧制成7mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到930℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为1.5mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.6mm;(3)热处理:热处理包括固溶处理和时效处理,固溶处理的温度为965℃,时间为15分钟,水 冷;时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到545℃,保温2.5小时,然后随炉冷却到380℃,保温1.5小时,空冷到室温。
所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.45%;Si:0.88%,Mn:0.08%; P:0.010%;S:0.010%;Cr: 16%; Ni: 34.5%; Nb: 0.88%;V:1.2%;W :0.52%;B :0.13%; Al:0.2-0.5%; 其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为2.5mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为0.6mm。
所述无油烟钛锅的制备方法为:(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:65份,透锂长石:6.5份,二氧化钛:13份,氮化钛:5份,硼化锆:7份,氧化锌:3.5份,氮化硅:3.5份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物4份;将上述原料混合,粉碎,并以900r/min的速度搅拌45分钟,接着添加30份去离子水,搅拌后得到浆料,将所述浆料熟化30h后涂敷在锅基体的内表面;(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :25份、B2O3 :10份、P2O5 :5份、Bi2O3:10份、碳化硅晶须:2份、氮化铝晶须:1.6份、氧化铝颗粒:7.3份、Fe2O3:6.6份;将抗氧化层原料配置成涂层浆料,在锅底涂覆,并干燥;(4)热处理:将涂覆好的锅88℃保温16分钟;然后加热到740℃,保温5h,然后随炉冷却到220℃,保温3小时,然后在空气中冷却到室温。
实施例3
一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,所述无油烟锅包括锅本体和锅耳,所述锅本体为多层结构,由内到外依次包括耐磨涂层(1),钛合金层(2),纯铝导热层(3),不锈钢层(4),抗氧化层(5);所述不锈钢层内外面均带不锈钢凸柱(6),钛合金层内面具有钛合金凸柱(7),不锈钢层的凸柱(6)与钛合金层的凸柱(7)位置对应,所述纯铝导热层填充在钛合金层和不锈钢层之间。
所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:55%,Fe:3.5%,Zr:1.35%,Nb:2.23%,C:1.3%,Ag:0.022%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为140mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到895℃,开坯后锻成18mm厚的板坯,然后加热到790℃轧制成8mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到925℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为4mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.8mm;(3)热处理:热处理包括固溶处理和时效处理,固溶处理的温度为970℃,时间为16分钟,水 冷;时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到555℃,保温2.6小时,然后随炉冷却到385℃,保温1.5小时,空冷到室温。
所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.65%;Si:0.75%,Mn:0.23%; P:0.010%;S:0.010%;Cr: 15%; Ni: 34%; Nb: 0.88%;V:1.5%;W :1.6%;B :0.25%; Al:0.47%; 其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为4mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为1mm。
所述无油烟钛锅的制备方法为:(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:75份,透锂长石:8份,二氧化钛:13份,氮化钛:6份,硼化锆:8份,氧化锌:4.5份,氮化硅:3.5份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物4.5份;将上述原料混合,粉碎,并以600r/min的速度搅拌50分钟,接着添加35份去离子水,搅拌后得到浆料,将所述浆料熟化30h后涂敷在锅基体的内表面;(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :16份、B2O3 7份、P2O5 :4份、Bi2O3:7.5份、碳化硅晶须:2.2份、氮化铝晶须:1.2份、氧化铝颗粒:5.8份、Fe2O3:6.5份;将抗氧化层原料配置成涂层浆料,在锅底涂覆,并干燥;(4)热处理:将涂覆好的锅85℃保温18分钟;然后加热到725℃,保温7h,然后随炉冷却到295℃,保温3小时,然后在空气中冷却到室温。
将上述实施例制备的炒锅与现有炒锅进行对比,对比结果如下:
需要声明的是,上述实施例仅仅是对本发明的具体实施方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,本领域技术人员在现有技术的基础上还可做多种修改和变化,例如采用其他种类的导磁材料、采用不同的烧结温度或采用其他陶瓷锅基体配方,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通工程技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种改进,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述无油烟锅包括锅本体和锅耳,所述锅本体为多层结构,由内到外依次包括耐磨涂层(1),钛合金层(2),纯铝导热层(3),不锈钢层(4),抗氧化层(5);所述不锈钢层内外面均设置有不锈钢凸柱(6),钛合金层内表面具有钛合金凸柱(7),不锈钢层的凸柱(6)与钛合金层的凸柱(7)位置对应,所述纯铝导热层填充在钛合金层和不锈钢层之间;
包括以下步骤:
(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;
(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ;
(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层;
(4)热处理。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:20-60%,Fe:3-5%,Zr:0.5-1.5%,Nb:2-3%,C:1-3%,Ag:0.02-2.5%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钛合金层的成分为:Al:35-44%,Fe:4-4.5%,Zr:0.7-1.3%,Nb:2.6-2.8%,C:1.4-2.5%,Ag:0.09-1.8%,余量为Ti以及不可避免的杂质。
4.如权利要求2-3所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为100-150mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到880-930℃,开坯后锻成10-20mm厚的板坯,然后加热到700-830℃轧制成5-10mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到900-950℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为0.5-5mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.5-1mm;(3)热处理:热处理包括固溶处理和时效处理,固溶处理的温度为960℃~980℃,时间为10-20分钟,水冷;时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到530-580℃,保温2-3小时,然后随炉冷却到370-420℃,保温1-2小时,空冷到室温。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述钛合金层的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)熔炼钛合金,按照钛合金层成分进行熔炼,铸成钛合金铸锭;所述铸锭厚度为110-140mm;(2)将钛合金铸锭加热到890-925℃,开坯后锻成12-16mm厚的板坯,然后加热到750-800℃轧制成6-8mm的板坯,最后将钛合金加热到940-945℃,直接轧制成在表面带有凸柱的钛合金层,所述钛合金层的厚度为0.8-3mm,所述钛合金凸柱的高度为0.5-0.8mm;(3)热处理:首先进行固溶处理,所述固溶处理温度为965-975℃,时间为12-18分钟,水冷;然后进行时效处理:首先将钛合金层加热到545-575℃,保温2.5-3小时,然后随炉冷却到380-400℃,保温1-2小时,空冷到室温。
6.如权利要求1-3所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.3-1.2%;Si:0.6-1%,Mn:0.05-0.3%; P<0.020%;S<0.020%;Cr: 14-17%; Ni: 32-40%; Nb: 0.7-0.9%;V:1-2%;W :0.5-2%;B :0.1~0.3%; Al:0.2-0.5%; 其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为1-5mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为0.5-3mm。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述不锈钢层的成分质量百分配比为: C:0.45-0.9%;Si:0.7-0.9%,Mn:0.1-0.23%; P<0.020%;S<0.020%;Cr: 14.5-16%; Ni:34-38%; Nb: 0.75-0.85%;V:1.2-1.6%;W:0.65-1.2%;B :0.12-0.23%; Al:0.3-0.45%; 其余为Fe及不可避免的杂质;所述不锈钢层的厚度为2-4mm,所述不锈钢层两侧的凸柱的高度为0.8-2mm。
8.如权利要求1-3所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述无油烟钛锅的制备方法为:(1)将钛合金层,纯铝导热层,不锈钢层顺序摆放好,运用冲床和模具进行冲压,并且一次冲压成形;(2)在钛合金层上制备耐磨涂层 ,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:60-80份,透锂长石:5-10份,二氧化钛:10-15份,氮化钛:5-12份,硼化锆:5-10份,氧化锌:2-10份,氮化硅:2-8份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物3-5份;将上述原料混合,粉碎,并以500-1000r/min的速度搅拌40-60分钟,接着添加20-40份去离子水,搅拌后得到浆料,将所述浆料熟化24-48h后涂敷在锅基体的内表面;(3)在锅底制备抗氧化层,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :15-30份、B2O3 :3-12份、P2O5 :2-6份、Bi2O3:5-12份、碳化硅晶须:1-3份、氮化铝晶须:1-2份、氧化铝颗粒:5-10份、Fe2O3:2-10份;将抗氧化层原料配置成涂层浆料,在锅底涂覆,并干燥;(4)热处理:将涂覆好的锅80-90℃保温10-20分钟;然后加热到700-750℃,保温4-10h,然后随炉冷却到200-350℃,保温2-4小时,然后在空气中冷却到室温。
9.如权利要求8所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述耐磨涂层的原料成分按重量份计为:氧化铝:65-78份,透锂长石:6-8份,二氧化钛:12-14份,氮化钛:7-11份,硼化锆:6-9份,氧化锌:3-8份,氮化硅:3-7份,改性聚硅氧烷聚合物3.3-4.8份。
10.如权利要求8所述的一种加热均匀抗菌钛锅的制备方法,其特征在于,所述抗氧化层按以下重量份称取原料:ZnO :18-26份、B2O3 :4-10份、P2O5 :3-5份、Bi2O3:6-10份、碳化硅晶须:2-2.5份、氮化铝晶须:1.2-1.6份、氧化铝颗粒:6-9份、Fe2O3:3-7份。
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