WO2021010910A1 - Porcelain cooking pot and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents

Porcelain cooking pot and manufacture method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021010910A1
WO2021010910A1 PCT/TR2019/050961 TR2019050961W WO2021010910A1 WO 2021010910 A1 WO2021010910 A1 WO 2021010910A1 TR 2019050961 W TR2019050961 W TR 2019050961W WO 2021010910 A1 WO2021010910 A1 WO 2021010910A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
porcelain
cooking pot
manufacture method
firing
porcelain cooking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2019/050961
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Suleyman PAMUKCU
Zuhal KARAAGAC
Original Assignee
Porland Porselen Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Porland Porselen Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Porland Porselen Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Priority to EP19937764.9A priority Critical patent/EP3935026A4/en
Publication of WO2021010910A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021010910A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/32—Burning methods
    • C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
    • A47J27/002—Construction of cooking-vessels; Methods or processes of manufacturing specially adapted for cooking-vessels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/027—Cooking- or baking-vessels specially adapted for use in microwave ovens; Accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • A47J36/04—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay the materials being non-metallic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
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    • C04B33/24—Manufacture of porcelain or white ware
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
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    • C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
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    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
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    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00965—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for household applications, e.g. use of materials as cooking ware
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
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    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a porcelain cooking pot which can be used while cooking in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob; and which is heat resistant and has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance as a result of being fired at a certain temperature and atmosphere with the oxides contained by it in various ratios; and a manufacture method thereof.
  • a product For porcelain products, a product’s value of thermal expansion coefficient has crucial importance in order that this product does not crack upon being subjected to thermal shock against a heat to be applied externally. Glaze compositions having both a body and an aesthetic appearance covering the body need to have low thermal expansion coefficient in order that porcelain products to be used particularly as cooking pots does not crack upon being subjected to thermal shock during cooking.
  • ceramic bodies with relatively low thermal expansion coefficient that are suitable to be used as cooking pots. These bodies have water absorption feature due to their contents and firing conditions. Porcelains are earthenware products with water absorption values less than 0,5% due to high firing temperatures and oxides in their content. It is not possible to use conventional ceramic pots, glass pots and plastic pots on electric and/or gas hobs whereas it is possible for them to be used in a microwave oven. Metal pots are not suitable to be used in a microwave oven because they reflect the radio waves created in order to cook the food inside the pot.
  • Body and glaze thermal expansion coefficients of porcelain tablewares that are currently available varies between 45xlO 7 C _1 to 95xlO 7 C _1 at 30-500 °C temperatures. These products can resist thermal changes between 150 °C to 220 °C. When ceramic products with a low thermal expansion coefficient are examined, it is seen that these products are opaque, glazed products with a porous structure and a low visual quality. Therefore, there is need for a structure which enable aesthetic and ergonomic product designs due to its low porosity, a bright glaze and a high formability at a value so as to reduce water absorption value below 0,5%.
  • Induction hobs are the latest generation, i.e. third generation, cooking systems. Induction heating is based on characteristic feature of radio frequency energy. Infrared and microwave spectra are below electromagnetic energy. Induction cooking is based on Faraday’s Law. Induction hobs ensure that the pot placed on the hob is turned into a heat source, not the hob. Induction hobs have higher heat efficiency in comparison to other heating methods; they enable to make instant changes in heat intensity and do not cause air pollution since they create the heat directly in the pot. This leads to increase in use of induction hobs and creates a need for a cooking pot that is also suitable for use in induction hobs as well besides other cooking methods.
  • the porcelain pot is heat resistant by means of its structure and content of glaze formula.
  • a process of structure formula loading is performed at first.
  • the structure formula of the porcelain pot comprises 0,195-0,205 Na 2 0, 0,395-0,405 K 2 0, 0,195-0,205 CaO, 0,195-0,205 MgO, 5, 6-6, 6 A1 2 0 3 and 24,7- 25,7 S1O2.
  • the raw materials are weighed and grinding process is performed.
  • the raw materials ground in mills are subject to several processes in order to be made ready for shaping after being sieving.
  • the shaped raw materials are subject to drying process for removing moisture.
  • the raw materials used are dried at 100 ⁇ 5 °C and then a biscuit firing process is performed. The are fired at about 980 °C for 12 hours.
  • a process of glaze formula loading is performed for the porcelain structure.
  • the glaze formula comprises: 0,195-0,205 NaiO, 0,095-0,105 K2O, 0,395- 0,405 CaO, 0,295-0,305 MgO, 0,995-1,005 AI2O3 and 4,595-4,605 Si0 2 .
  • the porcelain pot is glazed with the glaze formula.
  • the glazing process is performed by plunging the product into the glaze. Following this process; the glazed firing process, which is the last stage of porcelain manufacture, is performed.
  • the glazed firing is performed at approximately 1420 °C for 7 hours.
  • the said method is a conventional porcelain manufacture process.
  • the difference thereof from a conventional porcelain manufacture and the feature thereof that makes the porcelain pot to be resistant against direct fire are the structure formula of the porcelain and the formula of the glaze layer. Thanks to the said content formula, the product is not shocked and does not craze when the pot contacts with heat directly and thermal expansion therein can be adjusted.
  • the Korean patent document no. KR100753770 discloses a cooking ware which has an excellent thermal shock resistance and an extremely low thermal expansion coefficient.
  • the no-cracks, heat resistant, self-supporting cooking ware comprise L12O, MgO, Na 2 0, K2O, CaO, ZnO, AI2O3, S1O2, Zr(h and T1O2.
  • the pot is created by molding and firing these raw materials.
  • the cooking ware comprises ZnO, Zrth and T1O2 in order to adjust strength and thermal expansion rate.
  • the Japanese patent document no. JP2005052425 discloses a pot which can be used in an electromagnetic cooker which is resistant to electromagnetic induction heating for performing cooking.
  • a pot with a layer generating heat for an electromagnetic cooker has less sensitivity to cracking or peeling and it has excellent durability.
  • the electromagnetic cooking pot comprises one main body and one heat generating layer.
  • the main body comprises silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, ferric oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide and lithium oxide.
  • the heat generating layer located at the bottom of the cooking pot has a platinum and silver content.
  • the cooking pot is suitable use in cooking devices such as a gas furnace, a microwave oven, an oven, a halogen heater.
  • An objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot which is suitable for cooking in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob and has a low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot which is suitable for cooking at both reductive and oxidative atmosphere between 1260-1360 °C upon being passed through porcelain body manufacture stages and which is glazed and/or non-glazed and has a porcelain body with low thermal expansion coefficient; and a manufacture method thereof.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot which is suitable for cooking at both reductive and oxidative atmosphere between 1260-1360 °C upon being passed through porcelain body manufacture stages and which has a porcelain glaze with low thermal expansion coefficient; and a manufacture method thereof.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a high-strength porcelain cooking pot which has low thermal expansion coefficient by means of the oxides that it contains it in its body and glaze composition.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot wherein no create occurs when it is subjected to heat directly or indirectly; and a manufacture method thereof.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which enables to perform cooking in induction hobs and does not exhibit magnetic feature.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which has a content such that it will enable the heating process of the product in its base part contacting with the hob and which contains a magnetic heating layer providing cooking and sintering in a shorter time by means of this content.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which ensures homogeneous distribution of heat in the area where magnetic heating layer is applied.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which ensures that dishes being cooked in induction hobs are cooked with less energy and in a shorter time by means of high thermal conductivity.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which enables to perform cooking in induction hobs with products that are easy to clean, have high scratch resistance, resistant to chemicals, germ-free such as porcelain, ceramic instead of metal.
  • Figure 1 is a view of the flow chart about the manufacture method of the inventive porcelain cooking pot.
  • Figure 2 is a view of the flow chart about the manufacture method of the magnetic heating layer of the inventive porcelain cooking pot.
  • Figure 3 is a view of the base surface of the inventive porcelain cooking pot from below.
  • Figure 4 is a view of the lateral section of the base surface of the inventive porcelain cooking pot.
  • the inventive porcelain cooking pot low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance comprises a porcelain body which is used as a basic material in obtaining a pot at a desired size and shape, a porcelain glaze which is coated outside the porcelain body and/or additionally a magnetic heating layer which provides high thermal conductivity upon being placed to the bottom of the porcelain body.
  • the manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) which can be used in all types of the inventive cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob), has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance comprises steps of:
  • the body content comprises preferably: 0-3% CaO, 0-20% MgO, 0-3% NaiO, 0-6% K2O, 25-45% AI2O3 and 35-55% S1O2 by weight.
  • upper and lower limits of each component in the composition are 0-2% CaO, 3-15% MgO, 0-2% Na 2 0, 0-4% K 2 0, 30%-40 AI2O3, 40-55% Si0 2 .
  • combination ratio of raw materials within the recipe is achieved by dividing the dry weight of each oxide in the recipe into the dry weight of the recipe composition and multiplying the obtained value by hundred.
  • the ground raw materials are preferably shaped by one of methods of: isostatic press, lathe, casting or pressure casting.
  • the base surface of the product contacting with the hob is configured such that it will not comprise any protrusion or contains annular or linear protrusions (z).
  • the protrusions (z) located on the base surface of the product contacting with the hob enable to shorten the distance -that enables to perform cooking in induction hobs- between the magnetic heater base and the hob surface.
  • the protrusions (z) on the base surface that are formed during shaping (102) facilitates detection of products with feet having magnetic heater base configuration, by the induction hob.
  • the protrusions (z) applied to the product base causes decrease of distance between the magnetic heater base and the hob and the amount of current occurring in the magnetic base.
  • less silver is used in design of a magnetic heater base that is pressed to the protruding (z) area of the product; even in the event that the thickness of the magnetic heating layer to be applied to the protruding area is thinner between 10% to 25%, the heating efficiency is equal to the efficiency of the magnetic heating layer to be pressed to the products with flat base, in other words it reduces cost of magnetic heating layer.
  • the step of drying (103) of the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) is realized for removing moisture of the shaped raw materials in the body content.
  • the drying (103) transaction is carried out by keeping the shaped raw materials preferably at 90-110°C for at least 3 hours.
  • the raw materials shaped by isostatic press method at the step of shaping (102) are preferably dried at the step of composing granule in spray dryer.
  • the biscuit firing (104) transaction is carried out by firing the dried products at 980-1020°C for 18-20 hours.
  • each component included in the glaze content is weighed and ground at the step of loading the glaze recipe (105) and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, it preferably comprises 4, 2-4, 4 S1O2, 0,6-0, 9 AI2O3, 0,01-0,03 CaO, 0,5-0, 9 MgO, 0,01-0,03 K2O, 0,04-0,06 Na 2 0 and 0,01-0,03 ZrC according to Seger Formula.
  • each component included in the glaze content comprises 4,3 S1O2, 0,6-0, 8 AI2O3, 0,02 CaO, 0,6-0, 8 MgO, 0,02 K2O, 0,05 Na 2 0 and 0,02 Zr0 2 according to Seger Formula.
  • Seger Formula is a calculation method which is used in ceramic sector. Elements are calculated separately on the basis of mole according to recipe rate based on all rawmaterial analysis. Totals of basic oxides such as CaO, MgO, K2O and Na 2 0 in the Seger Formula are rated so as to be 1. S1O2 and AI2O3 rates are also obtained by dividing their own molecular weights into sum of basic oxide.
  • the step of glazing (106) carried out by plunging the product into the glaze content.
  • inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) the products that are glazed in the glazed firing (107) -that is the last step- are fired at oxidative or reductive atmosphere preferably at 1260-1360 °C for 5-8 hours.
  • the glazed firing (107) regime is carried out at a temperature range between 300 °C to 600 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes, at a temperature range between 600 °C to 900 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes, at a temperature range between 900 °C to 1200 °C and in approximately 45 minutes to 125 minutes, at a temperature range between 1200 °C to 1360 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes, at a maximum temperature point of 1360 °C and in approximately 20 minutes to 120 minutes; from maximum peak temperature to room temperature (1360°C-20°C) in approximately 75 minutes to 155 minutes, as temperature and time at reductive atmosphere.
  • the porcelain cooking pot obtained with the inventive method (100) comprises ZrC (zirconium) besides indialite, mullite, corundum and glassy phase in the body micro structure obtained after firing.
  • the indialite phase increases thermal shock resistance by decreasing the thermal expansion coefficient of the porcelain cooking pot and prevents formation of micro and macro cracks by being subjected to thermal shock against heat source.
  • the indialite phase is also formed as a result of short-term firing at a temperature range of 1260°C-1360°C.
  • Zirconium which is included in the body micro structure after the porcelain cooking pot firing is a material with high whiteness value and it exhibits an effect for increasing the whiteness value of the porcelain pot and also enhances its aesthetic value.
  • Zirconium also has a conversion hardening (toughness) mechanism.
  • the porcelain cooking pot has a high toughness value which prevents formation and progress of cracks during firing by means of MgO and ZrC contained by thereof.
  • the body micro structure of porcelain cooking pot that is obtained by the inventive method (100) and can be used in any cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob) comprises 0- 10% mullite, 0-10% corundum, 0-10% ZrC and 35-60% indialite phase by weight after glazed firing.
  • the glazed porcelain cooking pot obtained as a result of firing is resistant to a thermal shock of minimum 300°C and maximum 380 °C; has a high strength (850-980 kgf/cm 2 ) in comparison to hard porcelain products (500-600 kgf/cm 2 ); has a water absorption rate below 0,5% and a bulk intensity between about 2,45 gr/cm 3 to 2,6 gr/cm 3 .
  • the method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200) which can be used in all types of the inventive cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob) comprises steps of:
  • the raw materials are weighted at first and they are mixed with the polish separately or in mixture optionally.
  • the silver powder is transferred to the printing paper by silk sieves of between 1 ST- 48T at first and then the flask is received to the printing paper by using a 120T silk sieve. Thereafter, the black dye is transferred to the printing paper by 120T sieve and the magnetic heating layer is coated with varnish by using 27T silk sieve.
  • the layer composition comprises silver power between about 45-95%, flask between about 0-50%, black dye between about 0-25% and varnish between about 0-25% by weight after the raw materials are transferred to the printing paper by sieve printing.
  • Flask which is one of the raw materials- has a low melting degree and comprises about 0-3% NaiO, 5-10% AI2O3, 35-45% S1O2, 0-3% K2O, 0-1% CaO, 0-1% Fe 2 0 3 , 0-3% ZnO, 0-3% Zr0 2 , 0-3% CdO, 0-3% Sn0 2 , 25-35% PbO, 3-13% B2O3 by weight in rates such that it will ensure that the heating power created in magnetic fields occurs in a desired level and the firing time of the magnetic base is completed in 80-120 minutes.
  • the flask adds visual and aesthetic value to the layer by providing brightness and smoothness.
  • a printing having a moisture of 55-65% is kept at a temperature of 22-25°C for 6-8 hours.
  • the coating with the printing oil (204) transaction of the inventive method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200) is realized in order that the layer is not affected by external factors.
  • the dried printing is kept inside water for 3-5 minutes before it is transferred to the pot base and it is ensured that the last form of the magnetic heating layer adheres to the surface by leaving the printing paper.
  • the magnetic heating layer that is adhered to the base of the porcelain pot is fired 750-900 °C for 80-120 minutes and cooled. Thereby, a layer in a thickness of 10-25 micron is obtained.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a porcelain cooking pot which can be used while cooking in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob; and which is heat resistant and has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance as a result of being fired at a certain temperature and atmosphere with the oxides contained by it in various ratios; and a manufacture method (100) thereof.

Description

PORCELAIN COOKING POT AND MANUFACTURE METHOD
THEREOF Technical Field
The present invention relates to a porcelain cooking pot which can be used while cooking in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob; and which is heat resistant and has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance as a result of being fired at a certain temperature and atmosphere with the oxides contained by it in various ratios; and a manufacture method thereof.
Background of the Invention
For porcelain products, a product’s value of thermal expansion coefficient has crucial importance in order that this product does not crack upon being subjected to thermal shock against a heat to be applied externally. Glaze compositions having both a body and an aesthetic appearance covering the body need to have low thermal expansion coefficient in order that porcelain products to be used particularly as cooking pots does not crack upon being subjected to thermal shock during cooking.
In the state of the art, there are ceramic bodies with relatively low thermal expansion coefficient that are suitable to be used as cooking pots. These bodies have water absorption feature due to their contents and firing conditions. Porcelains are earthenware products with water absorption values less than 0,5% due to high firing temperatures and oxides in their content. It is not possible to use conventional ceramic pots, glass pots and plastic pots on electric and/or gas hobs whereas it is possible for them to be used in a microwave oven. Metal pots are not suitable to be used in a microwave oven because they reflect the radio waves created in order to cook the food inside the pot.
Body and glaze thermal expansion coefficients of porcelain tablewares that are currently available varies between 45xlO 7C_1 to 95xlO 7C_1 at 30-500 °C temperatures. These products can resist thermal changes between 150 °C to 220 °C. When ceramic products with a low thermal expansion coefficient are examined, it is seen that these products are opaque, glazed products with a porous structure and a low visual quality. Therefore, there is need for a structure which enable aesthetic and ergonomic product designs due to its low porosity, a bright glaze and a high formability at a value so as to reduce water absorption value below 0,5%.
Induction hobs are the latest generation, i.e. third generation, cooking systems. Induction heating is based on characteristic feature of radio frequency energy. Infrared and microwave spectra are below electromagnetic energy. Induction cooking is based on Faraday’s Law. Induction hobs ensure that the pot placed on the hob is turned into a heat source, not the hob. Induction hobs have higher heat efficiency in comparison to other heating methods; they enable to make instant changes in heat intensity and do not cause air pollution since they create the heat directly in the pot. This leads to increase in use of induction hobs and creates a need for a cooking pot that is also suitable for use in induction hobs as well besides other cooking methods.
The European patent document no. EP2855396, an application in the state of the art, discloses a porcelain cooking pot which is resistant to cooking in direct contact with fire and a manufacture method thereof. The porcelain pot is heat resistant by means of its structure and content of glaze formula. In a method for porcelain pot manufacture, a process of structure formula loading is performed at first. The structure formula of the porcelain pot comprises 0,195-0,205 Na20, 0,395-0,405 K20, 0,195-0,205 CaO, 0,195-0,205 MgO, 5, 6-6, 6 A1203 and 24,7- 25,7 S1O2. In the process of structure formula loading, the raw materials are weighed and grinding process is performed. The raw materials ground in mills are subject to several processes in order to be made ready for shaping after being sieving. The shaped raw materials are subject to drying process for removing moisture. The raw materials used are dried at 100±5 °C and then a biscuit firing process is performed. The are fired at about 980 °C for 12 hours. After the biscuit firing process, a process of glaze formula loading is performed for the porcelain structure. The glaze formula comprises: 0,195-0,205 NaiO, 0,095-0,105 K2O, 0,395- 0,405 CaO, 0,295-0,305 MgO, 0,995-1,005 AI2O3 and 4,595-4,605 Si02. After the biscuit firing process, the porcelain pot is glazed with the glaze formula. The glazing process is performed by plunging the product into the glaze. Following this process; the glazed firing process, which is the last stage of porcelain manufacture, is performed. The glazed firing is performed at approximately 1420 °C for 7 hours. The said method is a conventional porcelain manufacture process. The difference thereof from a conventional porcelain manufacture and the feature thereof that makes the porcelain pot to be resistant against direct fire are the structure formula of the porcelain and the formula of the glaze layer. Thanks to the said content formula, the product is not shocked and does not craze when the pot contacts with heat directly and thermal expansion therein can be adjusted.
The Korean patent document no. KR100753770, another application in the state of the art, discloses a cooking ware which has an excellent thermal shock resistance and an extremely low thermal expansion coefficient. The no-cracks, heat resistant, self-supporting cooking ware comprise L12O, MgO, Na20, K2O, CaO, ZnO, AI2O3, S1O2, Zr(h and T1O2. The pot is created by molding and firing these raw materials. The cooking ware comprises ZnO, Zrth and T1O2 in order to adjust strength and thermal expansion rate.
The Japanese patent document no. JP2005052425, a further application in the state of the art, discloses a pot which can be used in an electromagnetic cooker which is resistant to electromagnetic induction heating for performing cooking. A pot with a layer generating heat for an electromagnetic cooker has less sensitivity to cracking or peeling and it has excellent durability. The electromagnetic cooking pot comprises one main body and one heat generating layer. The main body comprises silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, ferric oxide, titanium dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide and lithium oxide. The heat generating layer located at the bottom of the cooking pot has a platinum and silver content. The cooking pot is suitable use in cooking devices such as a gas furnace, a microwave oven, an oven, a halogen heater.
Summary of the Invention
An objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot which is suitable for cooking in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob and has a low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot which is suitable for cooking at both reductive and oxidative atmosphere between 1260-1360 °C upon being passed through porcelain body manufacture stages and which is glazed and/or non-glazed and has a porcelain body with low thermal expansion coefficient; and a manufacture method thereof.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot which is suitable for cooking at both reductive and oxidative atmosphere between 1260-1360 °C upon being passed through porcelain body manufacture stages and which has a porcelain glaze with low thermal expansion coefficient; and a manufacture method thereof.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a high-strength porcelain cooking pot which has low thermal expansion coefficient by means of the oxides that it contains it in its body and glaze composition.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a porcelain cooking pot wherein no create occurs when it is subjected to heat directly or indirectly; and a manufacture method thereof.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which enables to perform cooking in induction hobs and does not exhibit magnetic feature.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which has a content such that it will enable the heating process of the product in its base part contacting with the hob and which contains a magnetic heating layer providing cooking and sintering in a shorter time by means of this content.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which ensures homogeneous distribution of heat in the area where magnetic heating layer is applied.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which ensures that dishes being cooked in induction hobs are cooked with less energy and in a shorter time by means of high thermal conductivity.
Another objective of the present invention is to realize a cooking pot which enables to perform cooking in induction hobs with products that are easy to clean, have high scratch resistance, resistant to chemicals, germ-free such as porcelain, ceramic instead of metal.
Detailed Description of the Invention “Porcelain Cooking Pot and Manufacture Method Thereof’ realized to fulfil the objectives of the present invention is shown in the figures attached, in which:
Figure 1 is a view of the flow chart about the manufacture method of the inventive porcelain cooking pot.
Figure 2 is a view of the flow chart about the manufacture method of the magnetic heating layer of the inventive porcelain cooking pot.
Figure 3 is a view of the base surface of the inventive porcelain cooking pot from below.
Figure 4 is a view of the lateral section of the base surface of the inventive porcelain cooking pot.
The inventive porcelain cooking pot low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance comprises a porcelain body which is used as a basic material in obtaining a pot at a desired size and shape, a porcelain glaze which is coated outside the porcelain body and/or additionally a magnetic heating layer which provides high thermal conductivity upon being placed to the bottom of the porcelain body.
The manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) which can be used in all types of the inventive cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob), has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance comprises steps of:
loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101),
shaping (102),
- drying (103),
biscuit firing (104),
loading the glaze recipe (105),
glazing (106), and
glazed firing (107). At the step of loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101) of the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), the body content comprises preferably: 0-3% CaO, 0-20% MgO, 0-3% NaiO, 0-6% K2O, 25-45% AI2O3 and 35-55% S1O2 by weight. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, upper and lower limits of each component in the composition are 0-2% CaO, 3-15% MgO, 0-2% Na20, 0-4% K20, 30%-40 AI2O3, 40-55% Si02. At the step of loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101), combination ratio of raw materials within the recipe is achieved by dividing the dry weight of each oxide in the recipe into the dry weight of the recipe composition and multiplying the obtained value by hundred.
At the step of shaping (102) of the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), the ground raw materials are preferably shaped by one of methods of: isostatic press, lathe, casting or pressure casting. At the shaping (102) step, the base surface of the product contacting with the hob is configured such that it will not comprise any protrusion or contains annular or linear protrusions (z). In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the protrusions (z) located on the base surface of the product contacting with the hob enable to shorten the distance -that enables to perform cooking in induction hobs- between the magnetic heater base and the hob surface. Thereby, it is ensured that the distance which has increased due to outer feet (x) and inner feet (y) on the product base is decreased between 10% to 25% of the feet (x, y) depth. The protrusions (z) on the base surface that are formed during shaping (102) facilitates detection of products with feet having magnetic heater base configuration, by the induction hob.
At the shaping (102) step of the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), the protrusions (z) applied to the product base causes decrease of distance between the magnetic heater base and the hob and the amount of current occurring in the magnetic base. Thereby, less silver is used in design of a magnetic heater base that is pressed to the protruding (z) area of the product; even in the event that the thickness of the magnetic heating layer to be applied to the protruding area is thinner between 10% to 25%, the heating efficiency is equal to the efficiency of the magnetic heating layer to be pressed to the products with flat base, in other words it reduces cost of magnetic heating layer.
The step of drying (103) of the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) is realized for removing moisture of the shaped raw materials in the body content. The drying (103) transaction is carried out by keeping the shaped raw materials preferably at 90-110°C for at least 3 hours. In one embodiment of the invention, the raw materials shaped by isostatic press method at the step of shaping (102) are preferably dried at the step of composing granule in spray dryer.
In the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), the biscuit firing (104) transaction is carried out by firing the dried products at 980-1020°C for 18-20 hours.
In the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), each component included in the glaze content is weighed and ground at the step of loading the glaze recipe (105) and in a preferred embodiment of the invention, it preferably comprises 4, 2-4, 4 S1O2, 0,6-0, 9 AI2O3, 0,01-0,03 CaO, 0,5-0, 9 MgO, 0,01-0,03 K2O, 0,04-0,06 Na20 and 0,01-0,03 ZrC according to Seger Formula. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, each component included in the glaze content comprises 4,3 S1O2, 0,6-0, 8 AI2O3, 0,02 CaO, 0,6-0, 8 MgO, 0,02 K2O, 0,05 Na20 and 0,02 Zr02 according to Seger Formula. Seger Formula is a calculation method which is used in ceramic sector. Elements are calculated separately on the basis of mole according to recipe rate based on all rawmaterial analysis. Totals of basic oxides such as CaO, MgO, K2O and Na20 in the Seger Formula are rated so as to be 1. S1O2 and AI2O3 rates are also obtained by dividing their own molecular weights into sum of basic oxide. In the inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), the step of glazing (106) carried out by plunging the product into the glaze content.
In inventive manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100), the products that are glazed in the glazed firing (107) -that is the last step- are fired at oxidative or reductive atmosphere preferably at 1260-1360 °C for 5-8 hours.
In preferred embodiments of the invention, the glazed firing (107) regime is carried out at a temperature range between 300 °C to 600 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes, at a temperature range between 600 °C to 900 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes, at a temperature range between 900 °C to 1200 °C and in approximately 45 minutes to 125 minutes, at a temperature range between 1200 °C to 1360 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes, at a maximum temperature point of 1360 °C and in approximately 20 minutes to 120 minutes; from maximum peak temperature to room temperature (1360°C-20°C) in approximately 75 minutes to 155 minutes, as temperature and time at reductive atmosphere.
The porcelain cooking pot obtained with the inventive method (100) comprises ZrC (zirconium) besides indialite, mullite, corundum and glassy phase in the body micro structure obtained after firing. The indialite phase increases thermal shock resistance by decreasing the thermal expansion coefficient of the porcelain cooking pot and prevents formation of micro and macro cracks by being subjected to thermal shock against heat source. The indialite phase is also formed as a result of short-term firing at a temperature range of 1260°C-1360°C. Zirconium which is included in the body micro structure after the porcelain cooking pot firing is a material with high whiteness value and it exhibits an effect for increasing the whiteness value of the porcelain pot and also enhances its aesthetic value. Zirconium also has a conversion hardening (toughness) mechanism. Thereby, the porcelain cooking pot has a high toughness value which prevents formation and progress of cracks during firing by means of MgO and ZrC contained by thereof. The body micro structure of porcelain cooking pot that is obtained by the inventive method (100) and can be used in any cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob) comprises 0- 10% mullite, 0-10% corundum, 0-10% ZrC and 35-60% indialite phase by weight after glazed firing. The glazed porcelain cooking pot obtained as a result of firing is resistant to a thermal shock of minimum 300°C and maximum 380 °C; has a high strength (850-980 kgf/cm2) in comparison to hard porcelain products (500-600 kgf/cm2); has a water absorption rate below 0,5% and a bulk intensity between about 2,45 gr/cm3 to 2,6 gr/cm3.
The method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200) which can be used in all types of the inventive cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob) comprises steps of:
preparing the raw materials (201),
transferring the raw materials to the printing paper (202),
drying the printing (203),
coating with the printing oil (204),
adhering to the base surface (205), and
firing (206).
At the step of preparing the raw materials (201) in the method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200), the raw materials are weighted at first and they are mixed with the polish separately or in mixture optionally.
At the step of transferring the raw materials to the printing paper (202) in the method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200), the silver powder is transferred to the printing paper by silk sieves of between 1 ST- 48T at first and then the flask is received to the printing paper by using a 120T silk sieve. Thereafter, the black dye is transferred to the printing paper by 120T sieve and the magnetic heating layer is coated with varnish by using 27T silk sieve. The layer composition comprises silver power between about 45-95%, flask between about 0-50%, black dye between about 0-25% and varnish between about 0-25% by weight after the raw materials are transferred to the printing paper by sieve printing. Flask -which is one of the raw materials- has a low melting degree and comprises about 0-3% NaiO, 5-10% AI2O3, 35-45% S1O2, 0-3% K2O, 0-1% CaO, 0-1% Fe203, 0-3% ZnO, 0-3% Zr02, 0-3% CdO, 0-3% Sn02, 25-35% PbO, 3-13% B2O3 by weight in rates such that it will ensure that the heating power created in magnetic fields occurs in a desired level and the firing time of the magnetic base is completed in 80-120 minutes. Besides, the flask adds visual and aesthetic value to the layer by providing brightness and smoothness.
At the drying the printing (203) of inventive method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200), a printing having a moisture of 55-65% is kept at a temperature of 22-25°C for 6-8 hours.
The coating with the printing oil (204) transaction of the inventive method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200) is realized in order that the layer is not affected by external factors.
At the adhering to the base surface (205) step of the inventive method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200), the dried printing is kept inside water for 3-5 minutes before it is transferred to the pot base and it is ensured that the last form of the magnetic heating layer adheres to the surface by leaving the printing paper.
At the firing (206) step of the inventive method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200), the magnetic heating layer that is adhered to the base of the porcelain pot, is fired 750-900 °C for 80-120 minutes and cooled. Thereby, a layer in a thickness of 10-25 micron is obtained. Within these basic concepts; it is possible to develop various embodiments of the inventive porcelain cooking pot and manufacture method thereof (1); the invention cannot be limited to examples disclosed herein and it is essentially according to claims.

Claims

1. A porcelain cooking pot; characterized in that it has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance, comprises a porcelain body which is used as a basic material in obtaining a pot at a desired size and shape, a porcelain glaze which is coated outside the porcelain body and/or additionally a magnetic heating layer which provides high thermal conductivity upon being placed to the bottom of the porcelain body.
2. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) which which can be used in all types of the inventive cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob), has low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance; characterized in that it comprises steps of:
loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101),
shaping (102),
- drying (103),
biscuit firing (104),
- loading the glaze recipe (105),
glazing (106), and
glazed firing (107).
3. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to Claim 2; characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101) wherein the body content comprises preferably: 0-3% CaO, 0- 20% MgO, 0-3% Na20, 0-6% K20, 25-45% A1203 and 35-55% Si02 by weight. 4. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to Claim
3; characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101) wherein upper and lower limits of each component in the composition are 0-2% CaO, 3-15% MgO, 0-2% Na20, 0-4% K20, 30%-40 Abels, 40-55% Si02. 5. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101) wherein combination ratio of raw materials within the recipe is achieved by dividing the dry weight of each oxide in the recipe into the dry weight of the recipe composition and multiplying the obtained value by hundred.
6. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of loading and grinding the porcelain body recipe (101) which is completed by carrying out grinding transaction in a mill after loading all raw materials in the recipe.
7. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which enables to shape the ground raw materials preferably by one of methods of: isostatic press, lathe, casting or pressure casting.
8. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which ensures that the base surface of the product contacting with the hob does not comprise any protrusion or contains annular or linear protrusions (z).
9. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which enables to put annular or linear protrusions (z) to the base surface of the product contacting with the hob.
10. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which enables to obtain protrusions (z) that enables to shorten the distance - enabling to perform cooking in induction hobs- between the magnetic heater base and the hob surface; thereby, decrease the distance which has increased due to outer feet (x) and inner feet (y) on the product base, between 10% to 25% of the feet (x, y) depth.
11. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which enables to obtain protrusions (z) that facilitate detection of products with feet having magnetic heater base configuration, by the induction hob.
12. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which enables to obtain protrusions (z) that cause decrease of distance between the magnetic heater base and the hob and the amount of current occurring in the magnetic base.
13. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of shaping (102) which enables to obtain protrusions (z) ensuring that the heating efficiency is equal to the efficiency of the magnetic heating layer to be applied to the products with flat base even in the event that less silver is used in design of a magnetic heater base and the thickness of the magnetic heating layer to be pressed to the protruding area is thinner between 10% to 25%.
14. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of drying (103) which enables to remove moisture of the shaped raw materials in the body content.
15. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of drying (103) which is carried out by keeping the shaped raw materials preferably at 90-110°C for at least 3 hours.
16. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 14; characterized by the step of drying (103) which is completed by drying the raw materials shaped by isostatic press method at the step of shaping (102), at the step of composing granule in spray dryer.
17. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of biscuit firing (104) which is carried out by firing the dried products at 980-1020°C for 18-20 hours.
18. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of loading the glaze recipe (105) which is achieved by weighing and grinding each component included in the glaze content and comprising preferably 4, 2-4, 4 Si02, 0,6- 0,9 AI2O3, 0,01-0,03 CaO, 0,5-0, 9 MgO, 0,01-0,03 K20, 0,04-0,06 Na20 and 0,01-0,03 Zr02 according to Seger Formula.
19. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 16; characterized by the step of loading the glaze recipe (105) which is achieved by each component included in the glaze content comprises 4,3 Si02, 0,6-0, 8 Al203, 0,02 CaO, 0,6-0, 8 MgO, 0,02 K20, 0,05 Na20 and 0,02 Zr02 according to Seger Formula.
20. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of glazing (106) which is carried out by plunging the product into the glaze content.
21. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of the preceding claims; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) wherein the products that are glazed, are fired at oxidative or reductive atmosphere preferably at 1260-1360 °C for 5-8 hours.
22. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 19; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) is carried out at a temperature range between 300 °C to 600 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes at reductive atmosphere.
23. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 19; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) is carried out at a temperature range between 600 °C to 900 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes at reductive atmosphere.
24. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 19; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) is carried out at a temperature range between 900 °C to 1200 °C and in approximately 45 minutes to 125 minutes at reductive atmosphere.
25. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 19; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) is carried out at a temperature range between 1200 °C to 1360 °C and in approximately 30 minutes to 90 minutes at reductive atmosphere.
26. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 19; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) is carried out at a maximum temperature point of 1360 °C and in approximately 20 minutes to 120 minutes at reductive atmosphere.
27. A manufacture method of porcelain cooking pot (100) according to any of Claim 1 to 19; characterized by the step of glazed firing (107) is carried out from maximum peak temperature to room temperature (1360°C-20°C) in approximately 75 minutes to 155 minutes at reductive atmosphere.
28. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that it comprises ZrC (zirconium) besides indialite, mullite, corundum and glassy phase in the body micro structure obtained after firing.
29. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that it comprises a indialite phase which increases thermal shock resistance by decreasing the thermal expansion coefficient of the porcelain cooking pot and prevents formation of micro and macro cracks by being subjected to thermal shock against heat source.
30. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that it comprises an indialite phase which is formed as a result of short-term firing at a temperature range of 1260°C-1360°C.
31. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that it comprises zirconium which is a material included in the body micro structure after the firing, has a high whiteness value and exhibits an effect for increasing the whiteness value of the porcelain pot and also enhances its aesthetic value.
32. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims; characterized in that it prevents formation and progress of cracks during firing as a result of combination of MgO contained by thereof and ZrC that have a conversion hardening (toughness) mechanism.
33. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that its body micro structure comprises 0-10% mullite, 0- 10% corundum, 0-10% ZrC and 35-60% indialite phase by weight after glazed firing and thus it can be used in any cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob).
34. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that it is resistant to a thermal shock of minimum 300°C and maximum 380 °C as a result of firing.
35. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that it has a high strength (850-980 kgf/cm2) in comparison to hard porcelain products (500-600 kgf/cm2)
36. A porcelain cooking pot according to any of the preceding claims;
characterized in that its water absorption rate is below 0,5% and bulk intensity is between about 2,45 gr/cm3 to 2,6 gr/cm3. 37. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot
(200) which can be used in all types of the inventive cooking methods (in microwave oven, open flame, gas hob, electric hob, ceramic and induction hob); characterized in that it comprises steps of:
preparing the raw materials (201), transferring the raw materials to the printing paper (202),
drying the printing (203),
coating with the printing oil (204),
adhering to the base surface (205), and
firing (206).
38. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200) according to Claim 36; characterized by the step of preparing the raw materials (201) wherein the raw materials are weighted at first and mixed with the polish separately or in mixture optionally.
39. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200) according to Claim 36; characterized by the step of transferring the raw materials to the printing paper (202) wherein the silver powder is transferred to the printing paper by silk sieves of between 18T-48T at first and then the flask is transferred to the printing paper by using a 120T silk sieve and thereafter, the black dye is received to the printing paper by 120T sieve and lastly the magnetic heating layer is coated with varnish by using 27T silk sieve.
40. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200); characterized by the step of transferring the raw materials to the printing paper (202) wherein layer composition comprises silver power between about 45-95%, flask between about 0-50%, black dye between about 0-25% and varnish between about 0-25% by weight after the raw materials are transferred to the printing paper by sieve printing.
41. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200); characterized by the step of drying the printing (203) wherein a printing having a moisture of 55-65% is kept at a temperature of 22-25°C for 6-8 hours.
42. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200); characterized by the step of transferring the raw materials to the printing paper (202) which ensures that it comprises a flask that has a low melting degree; comprises about 0-3% NaiO, 5-10% AI2O3, 35-45% S1O2, 0-3% K20, 0-1% CaO, 0-1% Fe203, 0-3% ZnO, 0-3% Zr02, 0-3% CdO, 0- 3% SnC , 25-35% PbO, 3-13% B2O3 by weight in rates such that it will ensure that the heating power created in magnetic fields occurs in a desired level and the firing time of the magnetic base is completed in 80-120 minutes; and adds visual and aesthetic value to the layer by providing brightness and smoothness.
43. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200); characterized by the step of coating with the printing oil (204) wherein which is realized in order that the layer is not affected by external factors.
44. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200); characterized by the step of adhering to the base surface (205) wherein the dried printing is kept inside water for 3-5 minutes before it is transferred to the pot base and the last form of the magnetic heating layer is adhered to the surface by leaving the printing paper.
45. A method of adding magnetic heating layer to the porcelain cooking pot (200); characterized by the step of firing (206) wherein a layer in a thickness of 10-25 micron is obtained upon the magnetic heating layer that is adhered to the base of the porcelain pot, is fired between 750-900 °C for 80-120 minutes and cooled.
PCT/TR2019/050961 2019-07-12 2019-11-15 Porcelain cooking pot and manufacture method thereof WO2021010910A1 (en)

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TR2019/10459 2019-07-12
TR2019/10459A TR201910459A1 (en) 2019-07-12 2019-07-12 PORCELAIN COOKING TANK AND PRODUCTION METHOD

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CN114920457B (en) * 2022-05-24 2023-08-04 广东家美陶瓷有限公司 High white background glaze, wear-resistant transparent glaze, wear-resistant full-polished glazed ceramic tile and preparation method

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WO2013180674A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Ng Kütahya Serami̇k Porselen Turi̇zm Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Porcelain pot providing cooking in direct contact with fire

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GB2093007A (en) * 1981-02-12 1982-08-25 Anchor Hocking Corp Cordierite ceramic
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JPH09203527A (en) * 1996-01-26 1997-08-05 Miyao Co Ltd:Kk Ceramic tray for oven range
CN1900020A (en) * 2006-07-19 2007-01-24 陈国彬 Method for producing electromagnetic stove ceramic cooking utensil with magnetic resonant heating film
WO2013180674A1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2013-12-05 Ng Kütahya Serami̇k Porselen Turi̇zm Anoni̇m Şi̇rketi̇ Porcelain pot providing cooking in direct contact with fire

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