CN109717738B - Nonmetal heating device is used in culinary art - Google Patents
Nonmetal heating device is used in culinary art Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-metal heating device, which comprises a non-metal kettle body and a heating base, wherein the heating base comprises a ceramic heating disc, at least one layer of glass functional coating is formed on the surface of the ceramic heating disc, the ceramic heating disc is formed into an integral structure with the non-metal kettle body through the glass functional coating, and the glass functional coating separates food in the non-metal kettle body from the ceramic heating disc; the glass functional coating is prepared by sintering glass glaze at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃. By adopting the invention, the body of the heating device realizes the full-nonmetal manufacture, and can simultaneously solve the problems of low cost, long service life, safety, mass production, easy cleaning and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of household appliances, in particular to a nonmetal heating device for cooking.
Background
Kettles are necessities of life, and products are continuously updated from gas kettles, intelligent plastic electric kettles, stainless steel electric kettles, half-glass kettles and full-glass kettles. The glass has stable physical characteristics, is safe and clean, does not produce chemical reaction with heated food, does not have the worry of heavy metal, and the transparent body of the glass can penetrate through far infrared rays, thereby improving the water quality and optimizing the water source.
The prior all-glass kettle mainly has the following technologies: transparent nanofilms, carbon films, and thick films. The former two kinds of power decay fast, which have been abandoned by various manufacturers, the latter has good power stability, but the process requirement is high, and the processing index of the glass body is strict, for example: smoothness, thickness uniformity, compactness, freedom from bubbles, craters, etc. Any one of the indexes can not reach the standard, the electrothermal film is easy to generate hot junction and micro-flash discharge, the instantaneous temperature rises, and finally, the glass body is broken. Further, the heat generating film needs to be matched with the temperature characteristics and thermal expansion coefficient of glass, and to be well adhered and wetted to the glass. And the heating film slurry is fired and tested after being prepared, the testing period is long, uncertain factors are large, and once the physical property of the glass is changed, the glass needs to be prepared again for a long time.
The processing level of the current glass at home and abroad can not meet the processing index. Therefore, a solution to replace the boron silicate glass with high economical efficiency with the quartz glass with high cost is available. However, the cost of quartz glass is several tens times that of borosilicate glass, and although the thickness, smoothness and bubble hollow of quartz are superior to those of borosilicate glass, the quartz has high melting point, so that the pot body is difficult to form and process, the cost is huge, and the quartz glass cannot be produced in mass.
In order to solve the inherent drawbacks of glass materials, other solutions have appeared over the years, such as: and (3) cutting the bottom glass kettle body, namely embedding the ceramic heating plate/microcrystalline heating plate and the silica gel sealing ring on the bottom glass kettle body to form the pseudo-full-glass health preserving kettle. Because the metal heating plate is directly contacted with the heating liquid, the heat transfer efficiency can be improved, but the concept of full glass is damaged, and in the process of heating and boiling food, the food and silica gel chemically react to cause pollution, color change and standard exceeding of heavy metals. Moreover, the transition place of the sealing ring and the heating element is often a dead angle for cleaning, and the safety and the sanitation can not be ensured. In addition, the sealing consistency of the above structure is not good, and mass production cannot be realized.
For another example: the heating film is directly attached to the kettle body, and local overheating is easily caused due to poor heat conduction of the kettle body material, so that the heating film is ablated due to overheating, and the kettle body is likely to break due to uneven cold and hot shrinkage of the kettle body material.
The following steps are repeated: the external radiation scheme, place the quartz heating pipe promptly at glass kettle bottom, heat flourishing water glass container, its shortcoming is: high bottom heat, glare by visible light, inaccurate control system, etc.
Namely, the current scheme of the all-glass kettle can not simultaneously meet the problems of low cost, long service life, safety, mass production, easy cleaning and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a non-metal heating device for cooking, wherein the body of the heating device is manufactured in a full non-metal manner, and the problems of low cost, long service life, safety, mass production, easiness in cleaning and the like can be solved at the same time.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention provides a nonmetal heating device for cooking, which comprises a nonmetal kettle body and a heating base, wherein the heating base comprises a ceramic heating plate, at least one layer of glass functional coating is formed on the surface of the ceramic heating plate, the ceramic heating plate is formed into an integrated structure with the nonmetal kettle body through the glass functional coating, and food in the nonmetal kettle body is separated from the ceramic heating plate through the glass functional coating;
the glass functional coating is prepared by sintering glass glaze at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the non-metal kettle body is a kettle body with a cut bottom;
the ceramic heating plate comprises a ceramic substrate, the front surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with the glass functional coating, and the back surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with a thick film heating circuit and an insulating protective layer.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, the ceramic substrate is a single ceramic substrate or a composite ceramic substrate, and the ceramic substrate is a silicon carbide ceramic substrate, an aluminum oxide ceramic substrate, an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate, a silicon nitride ceramic substrate, or a zirconium oxide ceramic substrate.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the ceramic substrate has the thickness of 1-5 mm and the heat conductivity coefficient of (16-200) W.m-2·K-1；
The thickness of the glass functional coating is 0.01-0.15 mm;
the insulating protective layer is a glass layer, and the thickness of the insulating protective layer is 0.01-0.15 mm.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the glass glaze comprises the following components;
B2O3 3～15％、SiO2 60～85％、Al2O3 0～20％、CaO 0～10％、Na2O 0～10％、MgO 0～5％、ZnO 0～10％，SiC 0～5％。
as an improvement of the technical scheme, the glass glaze is prepared by the following method:
the components are uniformly mixed according to a ratio, smelted at 1500-1650 ℃, and subjected to water quenching, drying, crushing and screening to obtain glass glaze powder.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the glass functional coating is prepared by the following method:
mixing the glass glaze powder into slurry, and printing the glass glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic substrate in a screen printing mode;
and drying the ceramic substrate printed with the glass glaze slurry, and sintering at a high temperature of 850-1150 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the glass glaze is further added with a functional mixture, and the addition amount of the functional mixture is 0.5-10 wt%; the functional mixture comprises one or more of oxides, carbides, nitrides and rare earth oxides.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the functional mixture comprises one or more of iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, aluminum nitride, aluminum tungstate and rare earth oxide.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the emissivity of the glass functional coating at an infrared radiation waveband of 9-15 mu m is greater than 0.5.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a nonmetal heating device for cooking, which comprises a nonmetal kettle body and a heating base, wherein at least one layer of glass functional coating is formed on the surface of a ceramic heating plate of the heating base, so that the nonmetal heating device has the functions of safety, sanitation, health care, high efficiency and energy conservation when being used at high temperature (for heating food), and comprises the following specific steps:
1. safety: this dish that generates heat adopts ceramic substrate, has good mechanical strength, through processing into 1 ~ 5 mm's thin slice, and the texture is hard, and weight is light than stainless steel substrate, and high temperature can not warp. The thermal expansion coefficient is low, the thermal shock resistance is good, the rapid cooling and heating can not crack, and the stable operation can be realized at 450 ℃. Meanwhile, the ceramic plate has good insulation property, so that the electricity safety can be better ensured.
2. Sanitation: the heating plate adopts a ceramic substrate, the surface of the ceramic substrate is covered with a glass functional coating formed by sintering high-temperature glass glaze to form a composite structure, the glass glaze mainly comprises the following components of boron, silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, zinc, sodium and potassium, does not contain toxic and harmful substances, is in a transparent or semitransparent state after being sintered, has good acid and alkali resistance, has stable physical and chemical properties under the condition of normal temperature or high temperature, and meets the requirements of people on food sanitation. Meanwhile, the surface of the glass glaze is flat, smooth and compact, the glass glaze is not easy to react with other substances, stains difficult to clean are not easy to generate, and the glass glaze is easy to clean in the using process.
3. Health: the functional mixture is added into the glass glaze, so that the glass glaze can spontaneously radiate far infrared rays with the wavelength of 9-15 mu m at the use temperature, has high radiation intensity and high emissivity, can effectively form resonance with water molecules in the heating process to form small-molecule activated water, and can obviously improve the taste of the water.
4. High efficiency: the heating plate uses the high-thermal-conductivity ceramic as the base material, can realize larger heating power, such as 600-2000W, which far exceeds the heating power of common glass products, and has faster water boiling speed under the same condition.
5. Energy conservation: the heating plate adopts a thick film circuit heating mode, the electric heating conversion efficiency is high and reaches more than 95%, and therefore, the heating plate has a good energy-saving effect.
Therefore, the invention forms the glass functional coating on the ceramic heating plate by sintering the glass glaze, thereby forming the all-glass heating kettle with a brand-new structure. The glass functional coating is compact, smooth, flat, hard and stable in chemical property, and can simultaneously solve the problems of low cost, long service life, safety, mass production, easiness in cleaning and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a non-metallic heating apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the non-metallic kettle body of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the non-metallic kettle body of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a shown in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the non-metallic kettle body of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the ceramic hot plate of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The current scheme of the all-glass kettle cannot simultaneously meet the problems of low cost, long service life, safety, mass production, easy cleaning and the like. Therefore, the invention provides a solution with a brand new thought, and the full-glass kettle is realized by additionally arranging a layer of glass functional coating on the ceramic heating plate of the heating base.
Therefore, as shown in figure 1, the invention designs a nonmetal heating device for cooking, which comprises a nonmetal kettle body 1, a heating base 2 and a function control base 3, wherein the nonmetal kettle body 1 and the heating base 2 are formed into an integrated structure and then are placed on the function control base 3, so that the intelligent control of water boiling is realized.
The heating base 2 comprises a ceramic heating disc 21, at least one layer of glass functional coating 22 is formed on the surface of the ceramic heating disc 21, the ceramic heating disc 21 is formed into an integral structure with the nonmetal pot body 1 through the glass functional coating 22, and the glass functional coating 22 separates food in the nonmetal pot body 1 from the ceramic heating disc 21.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, the non-metal pot body 1 is a pot body with a cut bottom.
It should be noted that the pot with the cut bottom only comprises a side wall, but is not provided with a bottom, and the side wall forms a hollow pot structure. The bottom of the pot body 1 with the cut bottom is connected with the glass functional coating 22 of the heating base to form a complete pot body structure.
The non-metal pot body 1 can be a glass pot body, a ceramic pot body or a quartz pot body, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the non-metal kettle body is a glass kettle body.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the ceramic heating plate 21 includes a ceramic substrate 211, the front surface of the ceramic substrate 211 is provided with the glass functional coating 22, and the back surface is provided with a thick film heating circuit 212 and an insulating protective layer 213. The ceramic substrate 211 is a single ceramic substrate or a composite ceramic substrate. Preferably, in order to print the thick film heating circuit 212 on different ceramic substrates 211, the ceramic substrate 211 is pre-processed, and a glass layer is formed on the back surface, and then the thick film heating circuit 212 and the insulating protection layer 213 are printed. That is, the ceramic heating panel 21 includes a ceramic substrate 211, the glass functional coating 22 is provided on the front surface of the ceramic substrate 211, and a glass layer, a thick film heating circuit 212, and an insulating protective layer 213 are provided on the rear surface.
The ceramic substrate 211 has a thickness of 1 to 5mm and a thermal conductivity of (16 to 200) W.m-2·K-1。
This dish that generates heat adopts ceramic substrate, like ceramic substrate such as carborundum, aluminium oxide, aluminium nitride, silicon nitride, zirconia, has good mechanical strength, through processing into 1 ~ 5 mm's thin slice, the texture is hard, and weight is lighter than stainless steel substrate, and high temperature can not warp. The thermal expansion coefficient is low, the thermal shock resistance is good, the rapid cooling and heating can not crack, and the stable operation can be realized at 450 ℃. Meanwhile, the ceramic plate has good insulation property, so that the electricity safety can be better ensured.
The ceramic substrate is selected from a silicon carbide ceramic substrate, an alumina ceramic substrate, an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate, a silicon nitride ceramic substrate or a zirconia ceramic substrate. The material has high heat conductivity coefficient, so that the material can reach the same level (16-20 W.m) of 316 stainless steel-2·K-1) Even up to the level of the metal aluminum plate (200 W.m)-2·K-1) Therefore, the heating power can be greatly increased, such as 600-2000W, which is far higher than that of the common glass product, and the water boiling speed is higher under the same condition.
The thickness of the glass functional coating 22 is 0.01-0.15 mm; the insulating protection layer 213 is a glass layer with a thickness of 0.01-0.15 mm. The ceramic material is used as a substrate, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the ceramic material are covered with a layer of high-temperature glass glaze (sintered at 750-1200 ℃) with the thickness of about 0.01-0.15 mm to form a composite structure. The glass functional coating 22 arranged on the front surface can play a role of isolating water from contacting with the heating plate, the main components are boron, silicon, aluminum, calcium, magnesium, zinc, sodium and potassium, toxic and harmful substances are not contained, the glass functional coating is transparent or semitransparent after being fired, the acid and alkali resistance is good, the physical and chemical properties are stable under the conditions of normal temperature or high temperature, and the requirements of people on food sanitation are met. The glass layer arranged on the back can play an insulating protection role on the thick film heating circuit, and the safety performance of the thick film heating circuit is improved.
The heating plate adopts a thick film circuit heating mode, has high electrothermal conversion efficiency which is more than 95 percent, and has good energy-saving effect.
The non-metal heating device can be a water boiling kettle, an electric stewing cup, an electric cooker and other kitchen appliances, but is not limited to the above. The heating device shown in the attached drawing of the invention is a kettle.
Specifically, the glass glaze comprises the following components:
B2O3 3～15％、SiO2 60～85％、Al2O3 0～20％、CaO 0～10％、Na2O 0～10％、MgO 0～5％、ZnO 0～10％，SiC 0～5％。
the glass glaze is prepared by the following method:
the components are uniformly mixed according to a ratio, smelted at 1500-1650 ℃, and subjected to water quenching, drying, crushing and screening to obtain glass glaze powder.
The glass functional coating is prepared by the following method:
mixing the glass glaze powder into slurry, and printing the glass glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic substrate in a screen printing mode;
and drying the ceramic substrate printed with the glass glaze slurry, and sintering at a high temperature of 850-1150 ℃.
The better embodiment of the glass glaze is characterized in that the glass glaze is also added with a functional mixture, and the adding amount of the functional mixture is 0.5-10 wt%. The glass glaze can form a glass functional coating with a far infrared radiation function on the surface of the ceramic heating plate.
The functional mixture is a mixture of various inorganic compounds, and mainly aims to realize a specific far infrared radiation function. The functional mixture comprises one or more of oxides, carbides, nitrides and rare earth oxides.
Specifically, the functional mixture comprises one or more of iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, aluminum nitride, aluminum tungstate and rare earth oxide, and the glass functional coating can be adjusted to have the optimal infrared radiation emissivity at different use temperatures through matching of the different compounds.
The glass glaze is further added with an organic component, the adding amount of the organic component is 5-20 wt%, the organic component can be resin or an alcohol solvent, the resin comprises ethyl cellulose, and the alcohol solvent comprises terpineol, but the glass glaze is not limited to the above. The organic component is used as an auxiliary material to provide certain rheological property for the coating to form a continuous and uniform film layer.
The functional mixture is mixed with the glass glaze and the organic components, and the glass glaze slurry can be prepared after the functional mixture is fully stirred and uniformly dispersed. The glass glaze slurry can form a glass functional coating with a far infrared radiation function on the surface of the ceramic heating plate. The emissivity of the glass functional coating in an infrared radiation waveband of 9-15 mu m is more than 0.5. The radiation wave band is also the infrared radiation fluctuation of water and human body, so the infrared radiation wave band is used for heating water or food and has health care effect on human body.
The back of the ceramic substrate 211 is provided with a thick film heating circuit 212 and an insulating protection layer 213, wherein the insulating protection layer 213 is preferably a glass layer made of back glass powder, and the composition of the back glass powder is 60-75% SiO2、1-30％Al2O3、5-30％B2O3、0-10％Na2O, CaO in 0-10 wt% and MgO in 0-10 wt%. The insulating protection layer 213 can protect the electrical appliance from being damaged, thereby improving the safety of the electrical appliance.
In order to print the thick film heating circuit 212 on different ceramic substrates 211, the ceramic substrates 211 need to be pretreated, and the pretreatment comprises the following steps: (1) mixing the back glass powder and the organic carrier according to the weight ratio of 70-80: 20-30, and passing through a grinder to obtain viscous fluid with the viscosity of 30-70 Pa.S and the fineness of below 12 mu m; (2) printing the back glass powder on the ceramic substrate, wherein the thickness of the printed film is 40-50 μm, drying, sintering at 900-1000 ℃ for 5-20min, and forming a transparent glass layer on the back. Firstly, the pore of the ceramic substrate can be filled in the glass layer, so that a foundation is laid for printing a thick film heating circuit, and secondly, the glass layer can also play a first insulation protection role.
The back glass frit used for the pretreatment corresponds to the back glass frit used for the insulating protective layer 213.
The heating base and the nonmetal kettle body can be connected in various embodiments, and as a preferred embodiment of the invention, the glass functional coating on the ceramic heating disc of the heating base and the nonmetal kettle body are connected into an integral structure through sintering of glass powder coating. The glass powder coating can connect the ceramic heating plate with glass and the like, so that the ceramic heating plate has good sealing performance, good adhesion fastness, good thermal shock resistance, safety, reliability and no heavy metal precipitation. A series of problems caused by the adoption of sealing ring connection are avoided.
Specifically, the glass powder coating is a paste prepared from 0.5-20 wt% of glass powder, 50-90 wt% of metal powder and 5-30 wt% of organic components.
The glass powder comprises SiO2 5～60％，Al2O3 5～30％，B2O3 2～30％，CaO 0～10％，MgO 0～5％，Bi2O3 0～70％，ZnO 0～50％，Li2O 0～10％，P2O5 0～5％，TiO2 0～5％，ZrO2 0～5％；
The metal powder is one or more of gold powder, silver powder, copper powder, tungsten powder, palladium powder and platinum powder.
The organic component may be resin including ethyl cellulose or alcohol solvent including terpineol, but not limited thereto. The organic component is used as an auxiliary material to provide certain rheological property for the coating to form a continuous and uniform film layer.
The glass powder coating mainly comprises glass powder and metal powder, is mixed with an organic carrier to be prepared into paste, and is sealed at 600-1300 ℃ in air atmosphere or protective atmosphere according to the sealing requirements of different materials, and has the following advantages:
1. the adhesion fastness is good: two materials with large difference of thermal expansion coefficients, namely metal-glass/ceramic, can be sealed;
2. good thermal shock resistance: the material has certain ductility, the elastic modulus of the material is between that of glass/ceramic and that of metal, and the material is closer to that of metal, so that the two materials are prevented from generating tiny cracks at a sealing part due to severe fluctuation of temperature in the using process, and the sealing failure is avoided;
3. safety: the sealing material does not contain heavy metal elements such as lead, cadmium, chromium, mercury and the like, has good chemical stability, does not precipitate other elements, and is safe and reliable to use at the temperature of below 400 ℃.
As a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to ensure a better connection effect between the non-metal kettle body and the glass functional coating 22, the cut-bottom non-metal kettle body 11 includes a kettle body 11A, and a concave part 11B or a convex part connected with the kettle body 11A, the concave part 11B or the convex part extends outwards or inwards to form a flat part 11C, and the flat part 11C is connected and fixed with the glass functional coating 22 through a glass powder coating.
Preferably, the width of the flat part 11C is 2 to 5 mm. If the width of the flatness is less than 2mm, the compactness is poor, and water leakage or water seepage is easy to occur. If the width of the flatness is greater than 5mm, the heat transfer efficiency of the heating apparatus is affected.
The concave part 11B or the convex part may be provided with a fixing ring. The fixing ring can be designed in a matching way according to the appearance shape of a product, and a connecting piece can be arranged on the fixing ring and used for realizing the connection and fixation of the kettle body and the base.
Further, the non-metal heating device is prepared by the following method:
making a non-metal kettle body with a cut bottom;
preparing a heating base, wherein the surface of the heating base is a ceramic heating plate;
pretreating the surface of the ceramic heating plate to make the surface smooth and flat;
uniformly coating the glass glaze on the surface of the ceramic heating plate in a spraying or printing mode;
sintering the ceramic heating plate coated with the glass glaze at 600-1000 ℃, and forming a compact, smooth, flat, hard and chemically stable glass functional coating on the surface of the ceramic heating plate;
and coating glass powder paint on the joint of the glass functional coatings of the non-metal kettle body and the heating base, then tightly attaching the non-metal kettle body and the heating base, and sintering and sealing at 600-1300 ℃ in an air atmosphere or a protective atmosphere to obtain a finished product.
The invention uses glass glaze to form a glass functional coating on the surface of the ceramic heating plate, then coats glass powder paint on the joint of the glass functional coating and the nonmetal kettle body, and sinters the glass functional coating and the nonmetal kettle body to connect the ceramic heating plate and the glass kettle body to form an integrated all-glass heating kettle.
The all-glass heating kettle has the following advantages:
1. the invention has good mechanical strength, can be processed into thinner and lighter sheets under the same condition, and has the comprehensive performance far superior to that of a glass thick film heating plate with the same power and thickness;
2. the expansion coefficient of the ceramic heating plate is similar to that of glass, so that glass film release treatment is carried out on the surface of the ceramic, and the optimization treatment of the glass is easy to realize relative to the surface of the metal heating plate, and the stability is good;
3. because the ceramic substrate has better high temperature resistance than common glass plates and metal plates, and is not oxidized and deformed, the substrate surface is well maintained no matter the single-side sintering is carried out for several times during the thick film sintering; on the contrary, both the metal substrate and the glass substrate are easy to deform and warp, and when the glass kettle is manufactured, the insulating isolation and the insulating encapsulation sintering treatment are often required for multiple times, so that the subsequent treatment cost of the heating plate is increased, and the stability and the reliability are poor;
4. the invention carries out the sintering treatment of the conductive glaze with the width of about 1 to 3 mm on the sealing part of the ceramic heating disc and the non-metal kettle body to form a conductive ring which is connected with the ground wire of the whole machine, if the ceramic heating disc cracks and liquid or food in a container is electrified, the working power supply can be cut off immediately, thereby ensuring the safety.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples
Example 1
1. Preparation of front glass glaze (in contact with water): mixing 72% SiO2、3％Al2O3、14％B2O3、5％Na2O, 5.5% CaO and 0.5% SiC are uniformly mixed, the temperature is kept at 1650 ℃ for 1h, then water quenching is carried out to obtain transparent glass slag, and the transparent glass slag is dried, crushed and sieved by a 250-mesh sieve to obtain powder with the average grain diameter of 1.5-2.5 mu m.
2. Preparing a front glass glaze coating: mixing the front glass glaze powder and the organic carrier according to the weight ratio of 73: 27, and passing through a three-roll grinder to obtain viscous fluid with the viscosity of 30-70 Pa.S and the fineness of below 12 mu m.
3. Preparation of back glass frit (printed circuit): mixing 77% SiO2、3％Al2O3、14％B2O3、5％Na2And O and 0.5% CaO are uniformly mixed, the temperature is kept constant at 1650 ℃ for 1h, then water quenching is carried out to obtain transparent glass slag, and the transparent glass slag is dried, crushed and sieved by a 250-mesh sieve to obtain powder with the average grain diameter of 1.5-2.5 mu m.
4. Preparing a back glass coating: the back glass frit and organic vehicle were mixed according to 73: 27, and passing through a three-roll grinder to obtain viscous fluid with the viscosity of 30-70 Pa.S and the fineness of below 12 mu m.
5. Preparing a glass coating: (1) selecting an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate with the thickness of 1.5 mm, printing a front glass glaze coating on the ceramic substrate in a screen printing mode, wherein the thickness of the printing film is 40-50 mu m, drying, and sintering at 775 ℃ for 10min to obtain a transparent glass functional coating; (2) after preparing the front glass functional coating, printing a back glass coating on a ceramic substrate by adopting a screen printing mode, wherein the thickness of the printing film is 40-50 mu m, drying, sintering at 775 ℃ for 10min, and forming a transparent glass layer on the back to obtain a composite substrate; (3) printing a thick film heating circuit on the back of the composite substrate, and sintering at 650 ℃. (4) After the back thick film heating circuit is prepared, back glass paint is printed on the thick film heating circuit in a screen printing mode, the thickness of the printed film is 40-50 mu m, the printed film is dried and sintered for 10min at 775 ℃, and a transparent glass layer is formed on the back, so that the ceramic composite substrate heating disc is obtained.
The heating plate of embodiment 1 adopts an aluminum nitride substrate with high thermal conductivity, and the comprehensive thermal conductivity exceeds 430 stainless steel, so that high-power heating can be realized, and the heating plate has the characteristics of quick heating, no oxidation and no deformation.
Example 2
1. Preparation of front glass glaze (in contact with water): mixing 62% SiO2、17％Al2O3、10％B2O3、7.7％CaO、1.3％MgO、0.5％Y2O3And 1.5% SiC, uniformly mixing, keeping the temperature at 1650 ℃ for 1h, then quenching with water to obtain transparent glass slag, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain powder with the average particle size of 1.5-2.5 mu m.
2. Preparing a front glass glaze coating: mixing the front glass glaze powder and the organic carrier according to the weight ratio of 75: 25, and passing through a three-roll grinder to obtain viscous fluid with the viscosity of 30-70 Pa.S and the fineness of below 12 mu m.
3. Preparation of back glass frit (printed circuit): mixing 62% SiO2、17％Al2O3、10％B2O3Uniformly mixing 7.7% of CaO and 3.3% of MgO, keeping the temperature at 1650 ℃ for 1h, then quenching with water to obtain transparent glass slag, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain powder with the average particle size of 1.5-2.5 mu m.
4. Preparing a back glass coating: mixing the back glass powder and the organic carrier according to the ratio of 75: 25, and passing through a three-roll grinder to obtain viscous fluid with the viscosity of 30-70 Pa.S and the fineness of below 12 mu m.
5. Preparing a glass coating: (1) selecting a silicon carbide ceramic substrate with the thickness of 2.5 mm, printing a front glass glaze coating on the ceramic substrate in a screen printing mode, wherein the thickness of the printing film is 40-50 mu m, drying, and sintering at 950 ℃ for 10min to obtain a transparent glass functional coating; (2) after preparing the front glass functional coating, printing a back glass coating on a ceramic substrate by adopting a screen printing mode, wherein the thickness of the printing film is 40-50 mu m, drying, sintering at 950 ℃ for 10min, and forming a transparent glass layer on the back to obtain a composite substrate; (3) printing a thick film heating circuit on the back of the composite substrate, and sintering and molding at 850 ℃ to obtain the ceramic composite substrate heating disc.
The heating plate of embodiment 2 adopts a silicon carbide substrate with high thermal conductivity, the comprehensive thermal conductivity exceeds 430 stainless steel, high-power heating can be realized, and the heating plate has the characteristics of quick heating, no oxidation and no deformation.
Firstly, the heating plate obtained in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 is subjected to technical detection, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
1. the indexes of the actual measurement parameters of heat conduction are as follows:
after the ceramic substrate and the glass kettle body are sealed successfully, testing at four powers of 620w, 1310w, 1580w and 2000w respectively; the water boiling time is respectively 8 minutes, 6 minutes, 5 minutes and 4 minutes.
2. And (3) testing the sealing strength of the surface of the heating plate after glazing treatment:
the ceramic substrate is sealed with the glass kettle body after being subjected to glazing treatment on two surfaces, a plastic pipe with the diameter of 100 mm is placed on a bottom plate for sealing the kettle body, the top end of the pipe is higher than the kettle body by about five centimeters, the glass kettle body which is well sealed is bound on a triangular support, a weight with the weight of 5KG is placed on the top end of the pipe in sequence, 5KG is added until 50KG is added for placing one night every half hour, and the number of hours is counted for 12 hours.
3. And (3) quenching test after the heating plate and the glass kettle body are sealed:
after the three ceramic substrates and the glass kettle body are completely sealed, the ceramic kettle body is placed in an oven, three temperature zones are tested, the temperature is respectively 150 degrees, 180 degrees and 230 degrees, and the temperature is gradually increased. After the temperature reaches the set temperature, the furnace door is opened, the kettle liner is taken out by a tool and put into the basin, and cold water (room temperature 12 ℃) is poured into the basin quickly.
Secondly, after the silicon carbide heating plate obtained in the embodiment 1 is detected according to the detection method, the detection result is as follows:
1. and (3) testing the heating speed:
| power of | 2000 | 1580 | 1310 | 620 |
| Boiling water for boiling time | 4min | 5min | 6min | 8min |
| Temperature of heating film | 105 | 106 | 107 | 106 |
| Amount of water | 1.3L | 1.3L | 1.3L | 1.0L |
Note: initial water temperature of 19 deg.C
The kettle structure has good thermal conductivity, and the temperature difference between the heating disc and a heated substance is only 5-7 ℃ when the heating disc works stably, which shows that the kettle structure has extremely excellent thermal conductivity.
2. Load bearing test
Placing a heavy object inside the kettle, standing:
the above results show that the sealing structure strength of the heating plate and the kettle body is very good and is close to the structural strength of glass.
3. Thermal shock resistance test
Heating the whole glass kettle to a certain temperature, quickly putting into ice water bath, repeating for 10 times, and observing whether the kettle is abnormal
| Temperature/. degree.C | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 |
| Number of water quenches | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Results | No abnormality | No abnormality | No abnormality | No abnormality |
The results show that the glass kettle structure has good performance of resisting shock cooling and shock heating, and completely meets the requirement of daily heating food (not more than 200 ℃).
Thirdly, after the silicon carbide heating plate obtained in the embodiment 2 is detected according to the detection method, the detection result is as follows:
1. and (3) testing the heating speed:
| power of | 2000 | 1580 | 1310 | 620 |
| Boiling water for boiling time | 4min | 5min | 6min | 8min |
| Temperature of heating film | 107 | 107 | 106 | 105 |
| Amount of water | 1.3L | 1.3L | 1.3L | 1.0L |
Note: initial water temperature of 19 deg.C
The kettle structure has good thermal conductivity, and the temperature difference between the heating disc and a heated substance is only 5-7 ℃ when the heating disc works stably, which shows that the kettle structure has extremely excellent thermal conductivity.
2. Load bearing test
Placing a heavy object inside the kettle, standing:
| weight (D) | 5KG | 10KG | 20KG | 50KG |
| Time of day | 24h | 24h | 24h | 24h |
| Results | Intact | Intact | Intact | Intact |
The above results show that the sealing structure strength of the heating plate and the kettle body is very good and is close to the structural strength of glass.
3. Thermal shock resistance test
Heating the whole glass kettle to a certain temperature, quickly putting into ice water bath, repeating for 10 times, and observing whether the kettle is abnormal
| Temperature/. degree.C | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 |
| Number of water quenches | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Results | No abnormality | No abnormality | No abnormality | No abnormality |
The results show that the glass kettle structure has good performance of resisting shock cooling and shock heating, and completely meets the requirement of daily heating food (not more than 200 ℃).
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A nonmetal heating device for cooking comprises a nonmetal kettle body and a heating base, wherein the heating base comprises a ceramic heating plate and is characterized in that at least one layer of glass functional coating is formed on the surface of the ceramic heating plate, the ceramic heating plate is formed into an integrated structure with the nonmetal kettle body through the glass functional coating, and food in the nonmetal kettle body is separated from the ceramic heating plate through the glass functional coating;
the glass functional coating is prepared by sintering glass glaze at the temperature of 750-1200 ℃;
the non-metal kettle body is a kettle body with a cut bottom;
the glass glaze comprises the following components:
B2O3 3～15％、SiO2 60～85％、Al2O3 0～20％、CaO 0～10％、Na2O 0～10％、MgO 0～5％、ZnO 0～10％，SiC 0～5％；
the glass functional coating on the ceramic heating disc of the heating base and the nonmetal kettle body are connected into an integral structure through glass powder coating sintering;
the glass powder coating is a paste prepared from 0.5-20 wt% of glass powder, 50-90 wt% of metal powder and 5-30 wt% of organic components;
the glass powder comprises SiO2 5～60％，Al2O3 5～30％，B2O3 2～30％，CaO 0～10％，MgO 0～5％，Bi2O3 0～70％，ZnO 0～50％，Li2O 0～10％，P2O50～5％，TiO2 0～5％，ZrO2 0～5％。
2. The non-metallic heating device for cooking of claim 1, wherein the ceramic heating plate comprises a ceramic substrate, the front surface of the ceramic substrate is provided with the glass functional coating, and the back surface is provided with a thick film heating circuit and an insulating protective layer.
3. The non-metallic cooking heating device of claim 2, wherein the ceramic substrate is a single ceramic substrate or a composite ceramic substrate, and the ceramic substrate is selected from a silicon carbide ceramic substrate, an aluminum oxide ceramic substrate, an aluminum nitride ceramic substrate, a silicon nitride ceramic substrate or a zirconium oxide ceramic substrate.
4. The nonmetallic cooking heating device of claim 2, wherein the ceramic substrate has a thickness of 1 to 5mm and a thermal conductivity of (16 to 200) w.m-2·K-1；
The thickness of the glass functional coating is 0.01-0.15 mm;
the insulating protective layer is a glass layer, and the thickness of the insulating protective layer is 0.01-0.15 mm.
5. The nonmetallic cooking heating device of claim 1, wherein the glass frit is made by a method comprising:
the components are uniformly mixed according to a ratio, smelted at 1500-1650 ℃, and subjected to water quenching, drying, crushing and screening to obtain glass glaze powder.
6. The nonmetallic cooking heating device of claim 5, wherein the glass functional coating is made by a method comprising:
mixing the glass glaze powder into slurry, and printing the glass glaze slurry on the surface of the ceramic substrate in a screen printing mode;
and drying the ceramic substrate printed with the glass glaze slurry, and sintering at a high temperature of 850-1150 ℃.
7. The nonmetal heating device for cooking of claim 1, wherein the glass glaze is further added with a functional mixture, and the adding amount of the functional mixture is 0.5-10 wt%;
the functional mixture comprises one or more of oxides, carbides, nitrides and rare earth oxides.
8. The nonmetallic cooking heating device of claim 7, wherein the functional mixture comprises one or more of iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, aluminum nitride, aluminum tungstate, rare earth oxides.
9. The nonmetallic cooking heating device of claim 1, wherein the functional glass coating has an emissivity >0.5 in the 9-15 μm infrared radiation band.
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| CN110215173A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-09-10 | 安徽苏立科技股份有限公司 | A kind of dish-washing machine heat-generating disc and its processing technology |
| CN110179335A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-30 | 厦门佰顺兴自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of full glass electric-heating health-promotion stews and its manufacturing method |
| CN111698799A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-22 | 佛山市也牛科技有限公司 | Non-metal heating plate for cooking and preparation method and heating device thereof |
| CN111958819B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-05-03 | 汕头大学 | Purple sand inner container and preparation process thereof |
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| ATE49335T1 (en) * | 1987-06-10 | 1990-01-15 | Degussa | USE OF A PASTE CONTAINING PRECIOUS METAL IN MAKING MICROWAVE TANNING UTENSILS. |
| CN1130336A (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1996-09-04 | 刘永芬 | Surface uncharged direct heating infrared radiation heater |
| DE19930450A1 (en) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-01-11 | Bernd Schreitmueller | Borosilicate glass part with plastic connecting element and their use |
| CN102010126A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-04-13 | 上海歌灵新材料科技有限公司 | Lead-free frit for glass color ceramic glaze and preparation method thereof |
| CN102693793B (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2014-11-19 | 惠州市富济电子材料有限公司 | Heating resistant material, ceramic heating component provided with same, and preparing and application |
| CN204292968U (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-29 | 中山市新纪元电器有限公司 | A kind of kettle courage device with quartz glass plate |
| CN107935567B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-10-16 | 海南中航特玻科技有限公司 | Composite mirror blank material for ceramic-based space reflector |
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