CN112043135B - Multistage infrared radiation tea seat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multistage infrared heating tea base which comprises a conductive heating material and an insulating heat-conducting coating, wherein the insulating heat-conducting coating is sprayed on the surface of the conductive heating material; the conductive heating material is composed of conductive metal foil or high-conductivity graphene paint; the insulating heat-conducting coating takes a polysilicate layer as a bottom insulating layer, a silicon carbide layer as an intermediate layer and an insulating layer, a graphitizable polymer layer as an upper layer and a rivet fixing layer, and the spherical graphene penetrates through the three-layer structure. The infrared tea base realizes multistage one-way infrared heating by utilizing the corrugated structure of spherical graphene under the action of the coagulation and combination of high molecules and the insulation of insulating aluminum-silicon compounds and the coordination of small-molecule high-radiation inorganic particles. The infrared tea seat greatly improves the heating efficiency, and simultaneously can greatly reduce the energy consumption through radiation heating and heat preservation.

Description

A kind of multi-level infrared radiation tea seat

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of infrared heating, and in particular relates to a multi-level infrared radiation tea seat and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

With the development of society, human beings are more and more dependent on energy, but with the gradual consumption of fossil energy, the cost of energy is getting higher and higher. Therefore, more efficient use of energy in human life and production activities is imminent. At the same time, people's requirements for the quality of production and life are getting higher and higher. Under the same heating purpose, energy saving has become the first choice.

At present, the electric heating equipment for tea seats in daily life mainly uses metal electrodes to energize and heat to conduct heating, which consumes a lot of electricity and has a small heating range. At the same time, its infrared radiation wavelength is short, and the human body is not comfortable.

The interface heating is mainly the surface heating of high radiation materials, such as pure silicon carbide, carbon tubes, etc. But its emissivity has reached the conventional heating limit (infrared emissivity 95%). In order to further enhance heating, heating principles such as heat conduction and convection must be introduced and applied well.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a multi-level infrared radiation tea seat, the infrared tea seat has a multi-level heating structure, and the infrared radiation heating is realized by rationally designing the material stacking structure of the insulating and heat-conducting coating, which is The reduction of the temperature of the interface material provides a feasible solution. Spraying it on the surface of the conductive heating material can simultaneously achieve the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, rapid large-area heating, energy saving and heat preservation.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat, the infrared heating tea seat comprises a conductive heating material and an insulating and thermally conductive coating, and the insulating and thermally conductive coating is sprayed on the surface of the conductive heating material; The conductive heating material is composed of conductive metal foil or highly conductive graphene coating; the insulating and thermally conductive coating uses the polysilicate layer as the bottom insulating layer, the silicon carbide layer as the intermediate layer and the insulating layer, and the graphitizable polymer layer as the bottom insulating layer. The upper layer is also the rivet fixing layer, and the spherical graphene runs through the three-layer structure. The size of the spherical graphene is 1-3 μm, and the total thickness of the three-layer structure composed of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the upper layer does not exceed 1/5 of the size of the spherical graphene; the thickness of the upper layer is less than 1/20 of the total thickness of the three-layer structure. The insulating and thermally conductive coating is formed into a layer-by-layer assembly structure by centrifugal spraying.

Further, the graphitizable polymer layer is composed of a graphitizable polymer, and the graphitizable polymer is selected from polyimide, pitch, or polyacrylonitrile with a molecular weight of 2000-10000.

Further, the polysilicate layer is a feldspar (K ₂ O·Al ₂ O ₃ ·6SiO ₂ ) layer, a mica (K ₂ O·2Al ₂ O ₃ ·6SiO ₂ ·2H ₂ O) layer, a kaolin ( A layer of Al ₂ O ₃ .2SiO ₂ .22H ₂ O), a layer of zeolite (Na ₂ O.Al ₂ O ₃ .3SiO ₂ .22H ₂ O) or a layer of garnet (3CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ .3SiO ₂ ).

Further, the silicon carbide layer is composed of hyperbranched carbosilane, the molecular weight of the hyperbranched carbosilane is less than 10000, and the branching degree is 1.2-1.4.

Further, the preparation method of the multi-stage infrared heating tea seat: 1 weight part of spherical graphene, 0.05-0.1 weight part of graphitizable high molecular oligomer, 0.5-1.6 weight part of polyaluminosilicate, 1-2 weight parts Parts by weight of hyperbranched carbosilane and 0.01-0.06 parts of a peroxide crosslinking agent are mixed uniformly, centrifugally sprayed on the surface of the conductive heating material, and after ultraviolet curing, heated and shaped to obtain a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat. The temperature of the ultraviolet curing is 60-120° C., and the time is 1-6 h.

Further, the peroxide crosslinking agent includes but is not limited to: dicumyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoic acid peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 bis(tert-butylperoxide) base) hexane.

Further, the spherical graphene is formed by spraying a graphene oxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL-1 mg/mL, and is prepared by chemical reduction and thermal reduction at 1600-2000 ° C. The _D / _IG value is not higher than 0.05, and the wall thickness is less than 4 atomic layers.

Further, the centrifugal force range of the centrifugation is 2000-10000rcf.

Further, the specific method of heating and setting is as follows: at 0-250°C, the heating rate is less than 5°C/min, and the temperature is controlled for 1-2 hours; then the temperature is raised to 500°C, the heating rate is less than 5°C/min, and the temperature is controlled and maintained. 1-2h; then rapidly heat up to 1300°C, the heating rate is greater than 50°C/min, and the temperature is maintained for 1-5min.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: firstly, the present invention utilizes centrifugal spraying to realize layer-by-layer directional assembly of insulating and thermally conductive coating materials according to different material densities, and finally realizes infrared radiation heating; Second, the polyaluminosilicate layer plays the role of isolating the conductive heating material. On the one hand, it protects the conductive heating material, isolates the external damage and leakage, and enhances safety; on the other hand, it transfers heat to the high-radiation silicon carbide. Floor. On the one hand, the silicon carbide layer acts as an insulation to protect the conductive heating material, and on the other hand, it quickly dissipates heat to the outside in the form of radiation. The graphitizable polymer layer is actually a carbonizable nano film, which links spherical graphene and silicon carbide to play the role of rivets; spherical graphene has three functions: first, it guides heat from the interface to the spherical graphite with high specific surface area Second, spherical graphene has a high emissivity, radiates heat quickly and efficiently, and greatly enhances the radiation effect of silicon carbide. Third, the surface of spherical graphene has a small number of defect state structures, and its external suspension structure enhances heat generation. The temperature gradient on the surface of the material enables it to have a good thermal convection effect with the gas, further enhancing the heating effect of the material interface. In addition, materials such as graphene microspheres repaired at high temperature have excellent air oxygen resistance, and can work at full power for a long time within 500 degrees Celsius, so they have good stability.

The thickness design of the graphene ball and the three-layer structure reduces the thermal resistance effect of the interface layer as much as possible, and at the same time increases the position of the graphene ball as the main body of heat dissipation, and improves the effects of radiation, convection and heat conduction. The thickness of the upper layer is less than 1/20 of the total thickness, and while acting as a rivet, there is no excessive thermal resistance effect on the silicon carbide radiation layer. Therefore, the infrared radiation heating tea seat has the characteristics of energy saving, high radiation and uniform heat dissipation. At the same time, the radiant heating of the tea seat has good uniformity and high heating efficiency, which can evenly heat the teapot with less heat, and can be integrated into the smart home system.

This tea holder is especially suitable for teapots (except for this layer) whose outer walls are coated with a light-absorbing layer and an infrared-reflecting layer (silver, silicon oxide nanoparticles, etc.). The light absorption layer can absorb the infrared light that cannot be absorbed by water into this layer, and cooperates with the light reflection layer to bind the infrared energy inside the teapot, which has a good thermal insulation effect.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object and effect of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

The invention provides a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat, the infrared heating tea seat is composed of a conductive heating material and an insulating and heat-conducting coating; the conductive heating material is composed of a conductive metal foil; the preparation method of the multi-level infrared heating tea seat is specific for:

(1) The graphene oxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL was sprayed at 200 °C, reduced by HI at 80 °C for 8 h, and then heated at 1600 °C for 6 h to prepare spherical graphene.

The scanning electron microscope test proves that spherical graphene is finally obtained. After Raman detection, the ID/ _IG value of the spherical _graphene is 0.04, its scale is 1 μm, and the wall thickness of the spherical graphene is 2 atomic layers.

(2) Take above-mentioned 1 weight part of spherical graphene and 0.05 weight part of polyimide with molecular weight of 2000, 0.5 weight part of feldspar nano-powder, 1 weight part of hyperbranched carbosilane with molecular weight of 9800 and branching degree of 1.2 and 0.01 part by weight of dicumyl peroxide was mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed paint.

(3) Centrifugally spray the mixed coating obtained in step (2) on the surface of the conductive metal foil, set the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force to 2000 rcf, and at the same time undergo ultraviolet curing at a temperature of 60° C. and a time of 6 hours.

(4) Microwave heating and shaping process was adopted subsequently: at 250°C, the heating rate was 4°C/min, and the temperature was controlled for 1 h; then the temperature was raised to 500°C, the heating rate was 3°C/min, and the temperature was maintained for 1h; then the temperature was raised to 1300°C °C, the heating rate is 60 °C/min, and the temperature is controlled for 1 min to obtain a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat.

The structure of the multi-level infrared heating tea seat prepared by the above method is specifically as follows: the conductive metal foil is used as the conductive layer, the polysilicate layer is used as the bottom insulating layer and the heat input layer; the silicon carbide layer is used as the intermediate layer. The radiation layer is the main radiation layer. The rough surface area and high emissivity (95%) greatly improve the radiation heating efficiency; the polymer layer is used as the upper layer to link silicon carbide and spherical graphene, and its thickness is the bottom layer. , 4% of the three-layer structure composed of the middle layer and the upper layer; the spherical graphene runs through the three-layer structure as the outer radiation layer, the thickness of the three-layer structure is 20% of the thickness of the spherical graphene, the spherical graphene has a huge specific surface area, and the radiation The rate is as high as 98%, which greatly improves the infrared radiation heating. At the same time, the high specific surface area defect state graphene has an excellent thermal conduction effect, and can form an excellent thermal convection interface with the external gas to enhance heating.

The multi-level infrared radiation tea seat is heated by a thermal imager to a 1L kettle, and the water temperature rises to 100 ° C in about 1 minute; while the tea seat without insulating and thermal conductive coating consumes the same time, its water temperature is only 85°C. In addition, with the same power input, the heat preservation time of a tea seat with an insulating and thermally conductive coating is about 3 times that of a tea seat without an insulating and thermally conductive coating. Therefore, the multi-level infrared radiation tea holder can be widely used in a low-power smart home.

Example 2

The invention provides a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat. The infrared heating tea seat is composed of a conductive heating material and an insulating and thermally conductive coating; the conductive heating material is composed of a highly conductive graphene coating; the preparation of the multi-level infrared heating tea seat The method is specifically:

(1) The graphene oxide solution with a concentration of 1 mg/mL was sprayed at 180 °C, reduced by HI at 100 °C for 2 h, and then heated at 1800 °C for 1 min to prepare spherical graphene.

It was proved by SEM inspection that spherical highly wrinkled graphene was finally obtained. After Raman inspection, the ID/ _IG value of the spherical _graphene was 0.05, and its scale was 3 μm, and the wall thickness of spherical graphene was 3 atomic layers.

(2) get the above-mentioned 1 weight part of spherical graphene and 0.1 weight part of pitch having a molecular weight of 10000, 1.6 weight part of mica nanopowder, 2 weight parts of hyperbranched carbosilane with a molecular weight of 8000, a branching degree of 1.4 and 0.06 weight part of the hyperbranched carbosilane The oxidized benzoic acid is mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed paint.

(3) Centrifugally spray the mixed coating obtained in step (2) on the surface of the highly conductive graphene coating, set the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force to be 10000 rcf, and at the same time undergo UV curing at a temperature of 120° C. and a time of 3 hours.

(4) The high-temperature heating setting process is then adopted: at 0°C, the heating rate is 4°C/min, and the temperature is controlled for 2h; then the temperature is raised to 500°C, the heating rate is 3°C/min, and the temperature is maintained for 2h; then the temperature is raised to 1300°C ℃, the heating rate is 51 ℃/min, and the temperature is controlled for 5 min to obtain a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat.

The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat uses conductive metal foil as the conductive layer, polysilicate layer as the bottom insulating layer, silicon carbide layer as the middle layer and insulating layer, graphitizable polymer layer as the upper layer and rivet fixing layer, spherical shape. Graphene runs through the three-layer structure. The total thickness of the three-layer structure consisting of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the upper layer is 18% of the size of spherical graphene; the thickness of the upper layer is 4% of the total thickness of the three-layer structure.

The multi-level infrared radiation tea seat is heated by a thermal imager to a 1L kettle, and the water temperature rises to 100 ° C in about 1 minute; while the tea seat without insulating and thermal conductive coating consumes the same time, its water temperature is only 85°C. In addition, with the same power input, the heat preservation time of a tea seat with an insulating and thermally conductive coating is about 3 times that of a tea seat without an insulating and thermally conductive coating. Therefore, the multi-level infrared radiation tea holder can be widely used in a low-power smart home.

Example 3

The invention provides a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat. The infrared heating tea seat is composed of a conductive heating material and an insulating and thermally conductive coating; the conductive heating material is composed of a highly conductive graphene coating; the preparation of the multi-level infrared heating tea seat The method is specifically:

(1) Graphene oxide with a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL was sprayed at 220 °C, reduced by HI at 90 °C for 4 h, and then heated at 2000 °C for 4 h to prepare spherical graphene.

The SEM test proves that the multi-wrinkled spherical graphene is finally obtained. After Raman test, the ID/ _IG value of the spherical _graphene is 0.01, and its size is 1 μm, and the wall thickness of the spherical graphene is 3 atomic layers.

(2) Take above-mentioned 1 weight part of spherical graphene and 0.08 weight part of polyacrylonitrile with molecular weight of 10000, 1.2 weight part of kaolin nano powder, 1.2 weight part of hyperbranched carbosilane with molecular weight of 8000 and branching degree of 1.4 and 0.02 weight part of hyperbranched carbosilane Parts of 2,5-dimethyl-2,5 bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane were mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed paint.

(3) Centrifugally spray the mixed coating obtained in step (2) on the surface of the highly conductive graphene coating, set the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force to be 4000 rcf, and at the same time undergo ultraviolet curing at a temperature of 120° C. and a time of 1 h.

(4) The high-temperature heating setting process is then adopted: at 250°C, the heating rate is 2°C/min, and the temperature is controlled for 1 h; then the temperature is raised to 500°C, the heating rate is 4.5°C/min, and the temperature is maintained for 2h; then the temperature is raised to 1300°C ℃, the heating rate is 55℃/min, and the temperature is controlled for 1 min to obtain a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat.

The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat uses conductive metal foil as the conductive layer, polysilicate layer as the bottom insulating layer, silicon carbide layer as the middle layer and insulating layer, graphitizable polymer layer as the upper layer and rivet fixing layer, spherical shape. Graphene runs through the three-layer structure. The total thickness of the three-layer structure composed of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the upper layer is 18% of the size of spherical graphene; the thickness of the upper layer is 3% of the total thickness of the three-layer structure.

The multi-level infrared radiation tea seat is heated by a thermal imager to a 1L kettle, and the water temperature rises to 100 ° C in about 1 minute; while the tea seat without insulating and thermal conductive coating consumes the same time, its water temperature is only 85°C. In addition, with the same power input, the heat preservation time of a tea seat with an insulating and thermally conductive coating is about 3 times that of a tea seat without an insulating and thermally conductive coating. Therefore, the multi-level infrared radiation tea holder can be widely used in a low-power smart home.

Example 4

The invention provides a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat, the infrared heating tea seat is composed of a conductive heating material and an insulating and heat-conducting coating; the conductive heating material is composed of a conductive metal foil; the preparation method of the multi-level infrared heating tea seat is specific for:

(1) Graphene oxide with a concentration of 0.4 mg/mL was sprayed at 300 °C, reduced by HI at 90 °C for 5 h, and heated at 1800 °C for 3 h to prepare spherical graphene.

It was proved by SEM inspection that multi-wrinkled spherical graphene was finally obtained. After Raman inspection, the ID/ _IG value of the spherical _graphene was 0.03, its size was 2 μm, and the wall thickness of spherical graphene was 3-4 atomic layers.

(2) get above-mentioned 1 weight part of spherical graphene and 0.06 weight part of polyacrylonitrile with molecular weight of 5000, 1 weight part of garnet nano powder, 1.6 weight part of hyperbranched carbosilane with molecular weight of 8000, branching degree of 1.3 and 0.06 The parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide are mixed uniformly to obtain a mixed coating.

(3) Centrifugally spray the mixed coating obtained in step (2) on the surface of the conductive metal foil, set the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force to 6000 rcf, and at the same time undergo ultraviolet curing at a temperature of 80° C. and a time of 4 hours.

(4) The high-temperature heating setting process is then adopted: at 250°C, the heating rate is 4°C/min, and the temperature is controlled for 1 h; then the temperature is raised to 500°C, the heating rate is 3°C/min, and the temperature is maintained for 1h; then the temperature is raised to 1300°C °C, the heating rate is 55 °C/min, and the temperature is controlled for 1 h to obtain a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat.

The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat uses conductive metal foil as the conductive layer, polysilicate layer as the bottom insulating layer, silicon carbide layer as the middle layer and insulating layer, graphitizable polymer layer as the upper layer and rivet fixing layer, spherical shape. Graphene runs through the three-layer structure. The total thickness of the three-layer structure consisting of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the upper layer is 16% of the size of spherical graphene; the thickness of the upper layer is 4% of the total thickness of the three-layer structure.

The multi-level infrared radiation tea seat is heated by a thermal imager to a 1L kettle, and the water temperature rises to 100 ° C in about 1 minute; while the tea seat without insulating and thermal conductive coating consumes the same time, its water temperature is only 85°C. In addition, with the same power input, the heat preservation time of a tea seat with an insulating and thermally conductive coating is about 3 times that of a tea seat without an insulating and thermally conductive coating. Therefore, the multi-level infrared radiation tea holder can be widely used in a low-power smart home.

Claims (9)

1. a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat, is characterized in that, described infrared heating tea seat is made up of conductive heating material and insulating heat-conducting coating, and described insulating heat-conducting coating is sprayed on the surface of conductive heating material; Described conductive heating material is made of conductive heating material. It is composed of metal foil or high-conductivity graphene coating; the insulating and thermally conductive coating uses a polysilicate layer as the bottom insulating layer, the silicon carbide layer as the intermediate layer and the insulating layer, and the graphitizable polymer layer as the upper layer and the rivet fixing layer. The spherical graphene runs through the three-layer structure; the size of the spherical graphene is 1-3 μm, and the total thickness of the three-layer structure composed of the bottom layer, the middle layer and the upper layer does not exceed 1/5 of the size of the spherical graphene; the thickness of the upper layer is less than that of the three-layer structure 1/20 of the total thickness; the insulating and thermally conductive coating is formed into a layer-by-layer assembly structure by centrifugal spraying. 2 . The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 1 , wherein the graphitizable polymer layer is composed of a graphitizable polymer, and the graphitizable polymer is selected from polymers with a molecular weight of 2000-10000. 3 . Imide, pitch, or polyacrylonitrile. 3 . The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 1 , wherein the polysilicate layer is a feldspar (K ₂ O·Al ₂ O ₃ ·6SiO ₂ ) layer, a mica (K ₂ O·2Al _{2O3 ·} 6SiO2 _· 2H2O) layer, kaolin ( _Al2O3 ·2SiO2 _{· 22H2O} ) layer, zeolite (Na2O _{· Al2O3 · 3SiO2 · 22H2O )} layer or pomegranate Stone (3CaO·Al ₂ O ₃ ·3SiO ₂ ) layer. 4 . The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 1 , wherein the silicon carbide layer is composed of hyperbranched carbosilane, the molecular weight of the hyperbranched carbosilane is less than 10000, and the branching degree is 1.2-1.4. 5 . 5. The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the multi-stage infrared heating tea seat: 1 weight part of spherical graphene, 0.05-0.1 weight part of graphitizable high molecular oligomer , 0.5-1.6 parts by weight of polyaluminosilicate, 1-2 parts by weight of hyperbranched carbosilane and 0.01-0.06 parts of peroxide cross-linking agent are mixed evenly, centrifugally sprayed on the surface of the conductive heating material, and after UV curing, heating and setting , to obtain a multi-stage infrared heating tea seat; the temperature of the ultraviolet curing is 60-120° C., and the time is 1-6 h. 6. The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 5, wherein the peroxide crosslinking agent comprises dicumyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, benzoic acid peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl -2,5 bis(tert-butylperoxy)hexane. 7. The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 5, wherein the spherical graphene is formed by spraying the graphene oxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL-1 mg/mL, and is subjected to chemical reduction and It is prepared by thermal reduction at 1600-2000° _C , the ID/ _IG value of the spherical graphene is not higher than 0.05, and the wall thickness is less than 4 atomic layers. 8 . The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 5 , wherein the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force ranges from 2000 to 10000 rcf. 9 . 9 . The multi-stage infrared heating tea seat according to claim 5 , wherein the specific method for heating and shaping is as follows: at 0-250° C., the heating rate is less than 5° C./min, and the temperature is controlled for 1-2 hours; then the temperature is increased. 10 . When the temperature reaches 500°C, the heating rate is less than 5°C/min, and the temperature is maintained for 1-2 hours; then the temperature is rapidly increased to 1300°C, the heating rate is greater than 50°C/min, and the temperature is maintained for 1-5 minutes.